CN102857416A - Method for implementing virtual network and virtual network - Google Patents
Method for implementing virtual network and virtual network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for implementing a virtual network and the virtual network. The method comprises the following g steps: step (1), obtaining a transfer type, a source and a destination of a data packet sent by a host computer by a controller of the virtual network; step (2), formulating a forwarding strategy according to the transfer type, a port identifier of the source and a target identifier of the destination; and step (3), sending the forwarding strategy to each virtual access exchanger and each middle exchanger through which the data packet is to be passed, and executing the forwarding strategy to the received data packet received by the virtual access exchanger and the middle exchanger. In the forwarding process of the data packet, the controller can obtain various attributes of the data packet as target identifiers, formulate the forwarding strategy according to the target identifiers and forward the data packet more intensively and flexibly; and multi-user and multi-path forwarding is supported, flow load is balanced, and network resources are utilized more efficiently.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to data exchange technologies, and in particular, to a method for implementing a virtual network and a virtual network.
Background
The data center provides resource renting services, and for different tenants, the data center needs to provide a virtual network to realize data exchange, so that the tenants use resources in the virtual network without interference. Meanwhile, the development of data center services has led to increasing requirements of data centers on networks, and data networks with larger bandwidth and more reliability are required.
The number of tenants may reach more than hundreds of thousands, in the prior art, a Virtual Local Area Network (vLan) is generally used to isolate tenants, and the maximum number of vlans is 4096, so that the number of tenants is limited, and the requirement that a data center provides services for multiple tenants cannot be met. As shown in fig. 1, a two-layer network is superimposed on an IP network, an ethernet packet is encapsulated in a UDP packet, a VXLan packet header is added, and a 24-bit VXLan network identifier is added to the packet header to distinguish different virtual networks; the UDP packet forwarding path is determined by a routing protocol; the method can support a large number of tenants, and multi-path support is realized by depending on an underlying IP network. In the IP Network 106, the original packet 101 is sent from the source Host104 to a channel end point (VTEP) 105, the VTEP encapsulates the original packet 101 in a UDP packet to form an encapsulated packet 102, and a VXLAN Header is added to the packet 102, and the VXLAN Header includes a vni (VXLAN Network identifier) to identify different virtual networks. The encapsulated data packet 102 is sent to the VTEP at the opposite end through the IP network 106, and the VTEP decapsulates the data packet to restore the original data packet 103, and forwards the original data packet to the destination Host 107. It can be seen that, after the original data packet 101 is encapsulated in the UDP packet, the underlying IP network forwards the UDP packet as a load, and cannot identify which tenant the original data packet 101 belongs to, and cannot identify information such as an IP address inside the original data packet 101, so that any optimization and control cannot be performed according to the information.
The prior art has the following problems: the bottom layer IP network and the virtual network are separated, when the data packet of the virtual network is transmitted in the bottom layer IP network, the IP network cannot identify the information encapsulated in the data packet, and cannot implement optimization measures or other strategies according to the requirements of tenants; the virtual network also does not recognize the forwarding mode of the data packet in the bottom layer IP network, and the forwarding process cannot be controlled.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for realizing a virtual network and the virtual network, and solve the problems that because a bottom layer IP network is separated from the virtual network, when a data packet of the virtual network is transmitted in the bottom layer IP network, the IP network cannot identify information encapsulated in the data packet, and cannot implement optimization or other strategies according to the requirements of tenants; the virtual network also does not identify the forwarding mode of the data packet in the bottom layer IP network, and the forwarding process cannot be controlled.
To solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for implementing a virtual network, including: step one, a controller of a virtual network acquires a transmission type, a source and a destination of a data packet sent by a host; step two, a forwarding strategy is formulated according to the transmission type, the port identification of the source and the destination identification of the destination; step three, the forwarding strategy is sent to each virtual access switch and each intermediate switch through which the data packet passes; executing, by the virtual access switch and the intermediate switch, the forwarding policy on the received data packet.
In the method, executing the forwarding policy includes: taking the received data packet as a first data packet, and encapsulating the target identifier and the first data packet to form a second data packet; and sending the second data packet.
In the method, the transmission type is a forwarding data packet in the same subnet; the host sending the data packet and the target host receiving the data packet are positioned in the same subnet; the purpose identification comprises: and determining a destination virtual network identifier of the subnet where the host sending the data packet is located according to the port identifier, and a destination route identifier of a destination virtual access switch.
In the method, the transmission type is forwarding data packets between subnets; the purpose identification comprises: a destination virtual network identifier of the destination subnet, and a destination route identifier of the destination virtual access switch.
In the method, the transmission type is unicast; the second step further comprises: calculating at least one optimized path between a host sending the data packet and a destination; the forwarding strategy comprises the at least one optimized path; executing the forwarding policy includes: and restoring the second data packet into a first data packet by the destination virtual access switch of the destination subnet, and sending the restored first data packet to the destination host.
In the method, the transmission type is broadcast; the first step comprises the following steps: establishing a first type broadcast tree covering the whole subnet in each subnet; or, establishing a second type broadcast tree in each subnet, and in each second type broadcast tree, selecting a virtual access switch in the subnet, which is connected with the host, as a root node of the second type broadcast tree.
In the method, the destination identifier includes: the destination identifier of a destination subnet corresponding to the first kind of broadcast tree or the second kind of broadcast tree of the destination; executing the forwarding policy includes: and restoring the second data packet into a first data packet by the destination virtual access switch of the destination subnet, and sending the first data packet to the destination host.
In the method, the controller issues the forwarding strategy by adopting an Openflow protocol; the forwarding policy is implemented by a flow table; or, the controller adopts a network management interface download protocol to issue the forwarding strategy; the forwarding strategy is realized by a network management configuration item; or the controller adopts a selected private protocol to issue the forwarding strategy.
A controller, comprising: an information acquisition unit for acquiring a transfer type, a source and a destination of a packet issued by a host; a policy making unit, configured to make a forwarding policy according to the transmission type, a port identifier of a source, and a destination identifier of a destination; a policy issuing unit, configured to send the forwarding policy to each of the virtual access switches and the intermediate switch through which the data packet will pass; executing, by the virtual access switch and the intermediate switch, the forwarding policy on the received packet.
In the controller, the policy making unit includes: the first formulating module is used for when the transmission type is the same subnet forwarding data packet; setting the destination identifier includes: and determining a destination virtual network identifier of the subnet where the host sending the data packet is located according to the port identifier, and a destination route identifier of a destination virtual access switch.
In the controller, the policy making unit includes: a second formulating module, configured to set the destination identifier when the transmission type is forwarding a packet between subnets, where the setting includes: a destination virtual network identifier of the destination subnet, and a destination route identifier of the destination virtual access switch.
In the controller, the policy making unit includes: a third formulation module, configured to calculate at least one optimized path between a host sending a data packet and a destination when the transmission type is unicast; the forwarding policy includes the at least one optimized path.
The controller further comprises: the broadcast tree unit is used for establishing a first type broadcast tree covering the whole subnet in each subnet; or, establishing a second type broadcast tree in each subnet, and in each second type broadcast tree, selecting a virtual access switch in the subnet, which is connected with the host, as a root node of the second type broadcast tree.
In the controller, the policy making unit includes: a fourth formulating module, configured to set the destination identifier when the transmission type is broadcast, including: and destination identification of a destination subnet corresponding to the first kind of broadcast tree or the second kind of broadcast tree of the destination.
A virtual network, comprising: a virtual access switch, an intermediate switch, and a controller; each virtual access switch is provided with a route identifier and is connected with the controller; each intermediate switch is connected with the virtual access switch and the controller; each host is positioned in a subnet, all the hosts in the subnet are positioned in a two-layer broadcast domain, and the two-layer broadcast domain is provided with a virtual network identifier; one host is connected with the virtual access switch through a port, and the port is provided with a port identifier; still include the controller, the controller includes: an information acquisition unit for acquiring a transfer type, a source and a destination of a packet issued by a host; a policy making unit, configured to make a forwarding policy according to the transmission type, a port identifier of a source, and a destination identifier of a destination; a policy issuing unit, configured to send the forwarding policy to each of the virtual access switches and the intermediate switch through which the data packet will pass; executing, by the virtual access switch and the intermediate switch, the forwarding policy on the received packet.
In the virtual network, the virtual access switch comprises: the first policy execution unit is used for taking the received data packet as a first data packet, and encapsulating the destination identifier and the first data packet to form a second data packet; transmitting the second data packet; and, the second intermediate switch comprises: the strategy execution unit is used for taking the received data packet as a first data packet, and encapsulating the target identifier and the first data packet to form a second data packet; and sending the second data packet.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects: in the data packet forwarding process, the controller can acquire various attributes of the data packet, such as Broadcast ID, Route ID, Ethernet packet header, IP packet header, TCP/UDP port number and the like as destination identifiers, and formulate a forwarding strategy according to the destination identifiers, so that the data packet is forwarded more finely and flexibly; the multi-tenant, multi-path forwarding and flow load balancing are supported, and network resources are utilized more effectively.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of a conventional vxLan technique;
FIG. 2 is a system architecture diagram of the virtual network of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a data packet encapsulation structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the inter-subnet routing functionality of the present invention;
FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of unicast within a subnet of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart illustrating an implementation of the optimal path of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flow diagram of an intra subnet broadcast of the present invention;
fig. 8 shows a schematic diagram of a controller according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Software Defined Network (SDN) technology is a communication Network implementation method, and the core idea is control-forwarding-separation. The control plane of the SDN is composed of a centralized controller (forwarding policy Server), and controls the behavior of the forwarding plane through an Open flow protocol, where the control mode is to issue a flow table, and the flow table includes a matching rule and a behavior, and indicates the behavior that a packet matched with the matching rule should take. After receiving the data packet, a forwarding plane of the SDN matches the flow table entries in sequence, and executes corresponding instructions after finding the matching entries; if not, the packet may be forwarded to the controller for processing by the controller.
The tenant may have a plurality of subnets, each Host (Host) of the tenant belongs to a certain subnet, the subnet serves as a two-layer Broadcast domain, and each two-layer Broadcast domain is assigned with a virtual network identifier Broadcast ID (also called Broadcast domain identifier). Each host is connected to a port of a Virtual access switch (Virtual access switch), each port has a unique port identifier, and each Virtual access switch is assigned a Route identifier Route ID by the controller.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for implementing a virtual network, as shown in fig. 2, including:
step one, a controller of a virtual network acquires a transmission type, a source and a destination of a data packet sent by a host;
step two, a forwarding strategy is formulated according to the transmission type, the port identification of the source and the destination identification of the destination;
step three, the forwarding strategy is sent to each virtual access switch and each intermediate switch through which the data packet passes;
executing, by the virtual access switch and the intermediate switch, the forwarding policy on the received data packet.
By applying the technology provided by the embodiment of the invention, in the data packet forwarding process, the controller can acquire various attributes of the data packet, such as Broadcast ID, Route ID, Ethernet packet header, IP packet header, TCP/UDP port number and the like as destination identifiers, a forwarding strategy is made according to the destination identifiers, and the data packet is forwarded more finely and flexibly by a forwarding surface; the multi-tenant, multi-path forwarding and flow load balancing are supported, and network resources are utilized more effectively.
The structure of the virtual network is shown in fig. 2, and the virtual network includes a forwarding plane and a control plane:
a forwarding plane comprising virtual access switch 202 and intermediate switch 206; the intermediate switch 206 is not directly connected to the host 203 and is responsible for intermediate forwarding of the packet. The host 203 accesses the virtual network through the virtual access switch 202, and the host 203 includes a physical machine and a virtual machine.
A control plane, including a controller 201, interconnected with the virtual access switch 202 and the intermediate switch 206, and issuing a forwarding policy to the virtual access switch 202 and the intermediate switch 206 to control a forwarding behavior of the forwarding plane; the forwarding policy includes controlling from which specific port the packet is forwarded, modifying the attributes of the packet, etc.
The working principle of each device in the virtual network comprises the following steps:
the controller 201 is a device constituting a control plane, control logic of the entire virtual network is formulated on the controller 201, and the controller 201 responds to a network event from the forwarding plane and issues a forwarding policy to each virtual access switch 202 and the intermediate switch 206 according to a virtual network requirement, so as to control the entire virtual network.
The virtual access switch 202, which is a device constituting a forwarding plane, is responsible for accessing the host 203 to a virtual network.
The intermediate switch 206 is a device constituting a forwarding plane, is an intermediate node of a virtual network, and does not directly access the host 203. The virtual access switch 202 and the intermediate switch 206 forward the data packet according to the forwarding policy downloaded by the controller 201.
The interface 204 between the controller 201 and the forwarding plane may use an open flow (Openflow) protocol, a network management protocol, or a proprietary protocol.
A virtual machine Manager (VM Manager)205, which is responsible for managing the host 203, transmits information of the host 203, including Broadcast ID, port ID of the port, Route ID, and the like, to the controller 201.
The identification of the host 203, the port identification, and the virtual network identification of the subnet to which the host 203 belongs, and the correspondence therebetween are stored in the controller 201.
In various attributes of the data packet, the destination identifier at least includes a virtual network identifier Broadcast ID, and may further include a destination Route identifier Route ID.
The source is a source host which sends out a data packet, and a subnet where the source host is located;
the destination is a destination host that receives the packet, and the subnet where the destination host is located.
In a preferred embodiment, this information is communicated to the controller 201 by other systems, such as a virtualization management platform (VMManager), through the interface 204.
When the data packet enters the virtual network, marking a virtual network identifier and a route identifier; in the transmission process of the data packet in the virtual network, the forwarding surface forwards the data packet according to the route identification of the data packet; the forwarding plane distinguishes different virtual networks according to the virtual network identification of the data packet, and can only send the data packet to the host of the same virtual network.
As shown in fig. 3, a Data packet 301 sent by a source host 304 includes a two-layer Header (L2Header) and Data (Data), and is encapsulated as the Data packet 302 in a virtual access switch 202, and in this process, a Broadcast ID and a Route ID are implemented by using an actually existing network tag, such as an MPLS 20bit tag, and are encapsulated with the Data packet 301 to form the Data packet 302, or only the Broadcast ID and the Data packet 301 are encapsulated to form the Data packet 303; broadcast ID and Route ID, representing the virtual network identity and the destination virtual access switch 202b, respectively; at this time, the MPLS label is only used as a bearer for the Broadcast ID and the Route ID, and does not have the original meaning of the MPLS tag. A 20bit Broadcast ID can support over 100 million independent subnets and therefore can support a large number of tenants.
After receiving the packet 302, the destination virtual access switch 202b removes the packet 304 of the Broadcast ID and the RouteID, restores the state of the original packet 301, and sends the packet to the destination host 305.
The Broadcast packet 303 is not specifically forwarded to a specific Host, but is sent to all hosts in the Broadcast domain, so that it is not necessary to encapsulate the Route ID, but only the Broadcast ID.
The protocol of the interface 204 between the controller 201 and the forwarding plane may have various options, for example, an Openflow protocol may be adopted, and the forwarding policy is implemented by a flow table; network management interface downloading strategy can be adopted, and forwarding strategy is realized by network management configuration items.
In a preferred embodiment, the controller 201 issues the forwarding policy by using an Openflow protocol; the forwarding policy is implemented by a flow table;
or,
the controller adopts a network management interface download protocol to issue the forwarding strategy; the forwarding strategy is realized by a network management configuration item;
or,
and the controller adopts a private protocol to issue the forwarding strategy.
In a preferred embodiment, enforcing the forwarding policy comprises:
taking the received data packet as a first data packet, and encapsulating the target identifier and the first data packet to form a second data packet;
and sending the second data packet.
The technical scheme provided can forward the data packet in the same subnet.
In a preferred embodiment, the transmission type is forwarding data packets in the same subnet;
the purpose identification comprises: and finding out the destination virtual network identifier (Broadcast ID) of the subnet where the host sending the data packet is located according to the port identifier and the destination Route identifier (Route ID) of the destination virtual access switch.
In an application scenario, when forwarding a data packet in a virtual network, the controller 201 marks two destination identifiers for the data packet according to a forwarding policy issued: broadcast ID and Route ID.
Step 01, when the host sends a data packet, the controller 201 queries the database according to the port where the host is located, finds out the Broadcast ID corresponding to the subnet where the host is located and the destination Route identifier Route ID of the destination virtual access switch, so as to form a forwarding policy;
step 02, the controller 201 issues a forwarding policy to the first virtual access switch connected to the host and an intermediate switch, where the intermediate switch is connected to the first virtual access switch or other intermediate switches.
And step 03, encapsulating the Broadcast ID and the Route ID in the first data packet to form a second data packet when executing the forwarding policy.
Forwarding in the same subnet requires marking the virtual network identifier Broadcast ID, otherwise, it is impossible to distinguish which virtual network this packet is. When the second data packet with Broadcast ID and Route ID is transmitted in the subnet, the intermediate switch matches the destination identifier, and ensures that the data packet is only sent to the destination host in the same subnet, thereby realizing the transmission of the data packet in the same subnet and the isolation between subnets.
The technical scheme provided can forward the data packet between different subnets. And encapsulating the virtual network identifier of the virtual network where the destination host is located in the data packet so as to ensure that only the host in the destination virtual network can receive the data packet.
In a preferred embodiment, the transmission type is forwarding data packets between subnets;
the purpose identification comprises: a destination virtual network identification of the destination subnet, and a destination Route identification Route ID of the destination virtual access switch. The destination virtual access switch is located within the destination subnet.
The inter-subnet routing process is similar to the intra-subnet unicast flow, except that the inter-subnet routing replaces the Mac address of the packet because: when a data packet is sent out, the source Mac address is the Mac address of a source host, and the destination Mac address is the Mac address of a router; the router Mac address is a Mac address of a router configured by the host (not a Mac address of the virtual access switch 202 a), the router configured by the host is virtual, each host configures a router IP address, when the host wants to send a packet between subnets, the host acquires the Mac address corresponding to the router IP through an ARP protocol, and the controller 201 responds to the ARP request instead of the virtual router at this time, and returns the router Mac address of the virtual router to the host.
The data packet passes through the virtual access switch, the source Mac address is replaced by a router Mac address, and the destination Mac address is replaced by a destination host Mac address. In the process, a virtual router address needs to be set, but a physical router does not need to be set, and the routing function is completed only by replacing the Mac address.
In an application scenario, as shown in fig. 4, an openflow protocol is taken as an example to explain an interface protocol between the controller 201 and a forwarding plane, and a forwarding policy corresponds to a flow table defined by the openflow protocol, and the steps include:
at step 401, the source host sends a first packet to the source virtual access switch 202a to which it is connected.
In step 402, the source virtual access switch 202a forwards the first packet to the controller 201 through a PacketIn message since there is no matching flow table.
In step 403, the controller 201 issues a flow table to the source virtual access switch 202a, where the flow table is responsible for encapsulating Broadcast ID, Route ID, and replacement Mac address, and includes: the source Mac address is replaced with a router Mac address and the destination address is replaced with a destination host Mac address.
In step 404, the controller 201 issues flow tables to the destination virtual access switch 202b, where the flow tables are responsible for popping Broadcast ID and Route ID from the received second packet to recover the packet, and forwarding the recovered packet to the appropriate destination host.
At step 405, the controller 201 sends the first packet back to the source virtual access switch 202a via a PacketOut message.
In step 406, the source virtual access switch 202a matches the flow table mentioned in step 403, encapsulates the Broadcast ID and Route ID into a packet, replaces the source Mac address with the router Mac address, and replaces the destination address with the destination host Mac address, thereby forming a second packet.
In step 407, the source virtual access switch 202a matches the flow table mentioned in step 403, and forwards the second packet according to the optimal path.
In step 408, the intermediate switch 206 matches the flow table and forwards the second packet according to the optimal path.
Step 409, the destination virtual access switch 202b matches the flow table mentioned in step 404, pops up the Broadcast ID and the Route ID, and restores the first data packet from the second data packet;
in step 410, the destination virtual access switch 202b matches the flow table and forwards the first packet to the destination host.
The provided technical scheme can also forward unicast data packets.
In a preferred embodiment, the transmission type is unicast;
the second step further comprises: calculating at least one optimized path between a host sending the data packet and a destination; the forwarding strategy comprises the at least one optimized path;
executing the forwarding policy includes: and restoring the second data packet into a first data packet by the destination virtual access switch of the destination subnet, and sending the first data packet to the destination host.
When the host sends a unicast data packet, the controller 201 queries the Route ID of the virtual access switch where the destination host is located, issues a corresponding forwarding policy, and encapsulates the Route ID in the data packet when the virtual access switch executes the forwarding policy.
The controller 201 calculates an optimal path between every two virtual access switches, and issues a forwarding policy, where the forwarding policy matches with the Route ID in the packet, so that the packet is forwarded along a specific path until reaching the destination virtual access switch 202b, and is forwarded to the destination host by the destination virtual access switch 202 b.
The controller 201 may also calculate multiple paths simultaneously, and select one path for forwarding the current packet according to a predefined forwarding policy, thereby implementing multi-path load balancing. The controller 201 determines to use different forwarding modes, and different options can be determined at any time according to needs.
The unicast packet in the subnet needs to be marked with Broadcast ID and Route ID, both identifiers are realized by MPLS label, the Route ID is used for identifying the destination virtual access switch 202b, and the Broadcast ID is used for uniquely identifying a two-layer Broadcast domain (subnet), so that the host in the same subnet can receive the packet, and the isolation between subnets is well realized.
In an application scenario, as shown in fig. 5, an openflow protocol is used as an interface protocol between the controller 201 and a forwarding plane for explanation, and a forwarding policy corresponds to a flow table defined by the openflow protocol, and the steps include:
at step 501, a source host sends a first packet to a source virtual access switch 202a connected to it.
In step 502, the first packet does not have a matching flow table on the source virtual access switch 202a, and the source virtual access switch 202a sends a PacketIn message to the controller 201, where the message includes the content and the input port of the first packet.
Step 503, the controller 201 determines the flow table to be matched according to the content of the PacketIn message, and issues the flow table to the source virtual access switch 202a, where the flow tables are responsible for encapsulating Broadcast ID and Route ID;
step 504, the controller 201 issues flow tables to the destination virtual access switch 202b, where the flow tables are responsible for popping Broadcast ID and Route ID from the second packet, and forwarding the first packet to the appropriate host;
the flow table may be downloaded when a PacketIn message is received, or may be downloaded before the host sends a packet.
Step 505, the controller 201 sends the original data packet back to the source virtual access switch 202a through a PacketOut message;
step 506, the source virtual access switch 202a matches the packet with a flow table, executes a behavior specified by the flow table, and encapsulates the Broadcast ID and the Route ID into a second packet for the first packet;
step 507, the source virtual access switch 202a matches the flow table, and forwards the second data packet according to the optimal path;
step 508, the intermediate switch 206 matches the flow table and forwards the second packet according to the optimal path;
step 509, the destination virtual access switch 202b matches the second data packet with the flow table, and pops out the Broadcast ID and Route ID from the second data packet to restore the first data packet;
step 510, the destination virtual access switch 202b matches the flow table, and forwards the restored first data packet to the destination host.
Each data packet is forwarded by using an optimal path, and may also be forwarded according to a specific policy corresponding to the tenant, specifically, different routing paths may be selected according to the level to which the tenant belongs, and in this process, a corresponding flow table needs to be set on each node in the routing path.
In each embodiment, there are various ways to issue the forwarding policy for implementing the optimal path, which may be to immediately issue the forwarding policy when the network topology changes, or to calculate the optimal path first, and then to issue the forwarding policy when a data packet is sent, as shown in fig. 6, the flow for implementing the optimal path includes:
in step 601, the controller 201 assigns a Route ID to each virtual access switch 202 and detects a network topology.
When openflow is used as a protocol between the control plane and the forwarding plane, the controller 201 detects the network topology, including: the controller 201 may instruct each port to send a Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) packet, and if the LLDP packet is received at another port of the forwarding plane, it considers that there is a Link between the two ports.
At step 602, an optimal path is calculated between each virtual access switch 202 to the other virtual access switches 202.
In step 603, the controller 201 issues a forwarding policy to the corresponding virtual access switch 202 and the intermediate switch 206, where the forwarding policy indicates the port to be output by the packet from one virtual access switch 202 to the destination virtual access switch 202b, and the matching field is Route ID.
The technical scheme provided can also forward the broadcast data packet.
In a preferred embodiment, the transmission type is broadcast;
the first step comprises the following steps:
establishing a first type broadcast tree covering the whole subnet in each subnet;
or, establishing a second type broadcast tree in each subnet, and in each second type broadcast tree, selecting a virtual access switch in the subnet, which is connected with the host, as a root node of the second type broadcast tree.
The method for establishing the broadcast tree is various, and the broadcast tree can be established when the broadcast packet is sent, or the broadcast tree can be established in advance; the broadcast tree may be established one for each subnet, or multiple Virtual Access switches connected to each host in each subnet may be established as a root. Since the nodes of the broadcast tree are related to the location of the host, when the location of the host changes, the broadcast tree is reestablished and the flow table is updated.
In a preferred embodiment, the destination identifier comprises: the destination identifier of a destination subnet corresponding to the first kind of broadcast tree or the second kind of broadcast tree of the destination;
executing the forwarding policy includes: and restoring the second data packet into a first data packet by the destination virtual access switch of the destination subnet, and sending the first data packet to the destination host.
In one application scenario, as shown in fig. 7, the intra-subnet Broadcast packet needs to be encapsulated with a Broadcast ID implemented by an MPLS label. For example, an openflow protocol is used as an interface protocol between the controller 201 and the forwarding plane, and the forwarding policy corresponds to a flow table defined by the openflow protocol. The controller 201 establishes a broadcast tree by issuing a flow table, so that the data packet is transmitted according to the broadcast tree, and the steps include:
in step 701, the source host sends a first packet to the source virtual access switch 202a connected to the source host.
In step 702, the source virtual access switch 202a does not have a matching flow table, and forwards the first packet to the controller 201 through a PacketIn message.
In step 703, the controller 201 issues flow tables to the source virtual access switch 202a, where the flow tables are responsible for encapsulating Broadcast ID for the first packet.
In step 704, the controller 201 builds a broadcast tree according to the network topology, and issues flow tables to the intermediate switch 206 corresponding to the nodes of the broadcast tree according to the result of building the broadcast tree, where the flow tables are responsible for forwarding the second data packet in the broadcast tree.
Step 705, the controller 201 issues a flow table to the destination virtual access switch 202 b; these flow tables are responsible for popping the Broadcast ID from the second packet and forwarding the second packet to the appropriate destination host.
At step 706, the controller 201 sends the original first packet back to the source virtual access switch 202a via a PacketOut message.
In step 707, the source virtual access switch 202a matches the flow table, and encapsulates the Broadcast ID on the first packet to form a second packet.
In step 708, the source virtual access switch 202a matches the flow table and forwards the second packet according to the broadcast tree.
Step 709, the intermediate switch 206 configures a flow table to forward the data packet according to the broadcast tree; the packet will arrive at the destination virtual access switch 202 b.
In step 710, the destination virtual access switch 202b matches the flow table, pops the Broadcast ID from the second packet, and restores the first packet.
In step 711, the destination virtual access switch 202b matches the flow table and forwards the first packet to the destination host.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a controller, as shown in fig. 8, including:
an information acquisition unit 801 for acquiring a transfer type, a source and a destination of a packet issued by a host;
a policy making unit 802, configured to make a forwarding policy according to the transmission type, a port identifier of a source, and a destination identifier of a destination;
a policy issuing unit 803, configured to send the forwarding policy to each of the virtual access switches and the intermediate switch through which the data packet will pass;
executing, by the virtual access switch and the intermediate switch, the forwarding policy on the received packet.
In a preferred embodiment, the policy making unit 802 includes:
the first formulating module is used for when the transmission type is the same subnet forwarding data packet;
setting the destination identifier includes: and determining a destination virtual network identifier of the subnet where the host sending the data packet is located according to the port identifier, and a destination route identifier of a destination virtual access switch.
In a preferred embodiment, the policy making unit 802 includes:
a second formulating module for, when the transmission type is forwarding data packets between subnets,
setting the destination identifier includes: a destination virtual network identifier of the destination subnet, and a destination route identifier of the destination virtual access switch.
In a preferred embodiment, the policy making unit 802 includes:
a third formulating module for, when the transmission type is unicast,
calculating at least one optimized path between a host sending the data packet and a destination; the forwarding policy includes the at least one optimized path.
In a preferred embodiment, further comprising:
the broadcast tree unit is used for establishing a first type broadcast tree covering the whole subnet in each subnet;
or, establishing a second type broadcast tree in each subnet, and in each second type broadcast tree, selecting a virtual access switch in the subnet, which is connected with the host, as a root node of the second type broadcast tree.
In a preferred embodiment, the policy making unit 802 includes:
a fourth formulating module for, when said transmission type is broadcast,
setting the destination identifier includes: and destination identification of a destination subnet corresponding to the first kind of broadcast tree or the second kind of broadcast tree of the destination.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a virtual network, as shown in fig. 2, including: a virtual access switch, an intermediate switch, and a controller;
each virtual access switch is provided with a route identifier and is connected with the controller;
each intermediate switch is connected with the virtual access switch and the controller;
each host is positioned in a subnet, all the hosts in the subnet are positioned in a two-layer broadcast domain, and the two-layer broadcast domain is provided with a virtual network identifier;
one host is connected with the virtual access switch through a port, and the port is provided with a port identifier;
also included is a controller, as shown in fig. 8, wherein:
an information acquisition unit 801 for acquiring a transfer type, a source and a destination of a packet issued by a host;
a policy making unit 802, configured to make a forwarding policy according to the transmission type, a port identifier of a source, and a destination identifier of a destination;
a policy issuing unit 803, configured to send the forwarding policy to each of the virtual access switches and the intermediate switch through which the data packet will pass;
executing, by the virtual access switch and the intermediate switch, the forwarding policy on the received packet.
In a preferred embodiment, the virtual access switch comprises:
the first policy execution unit is used for taking the received data packet as a first data packet, and encapsulating the destination identifier and the first data packet to form a second data packet; transmitting the second data packet;
and the number of the first and second groups,
the second intermediate switch includes:
the strategy execution unit is used for taking the received data packet as a first data packet, and encapsulating the target identifier and the first data packet to form a second data packet; and sending the second data packet.
The advantages after adopting this scheme are: by marking a virtual network label and a routing label for the data packet, the multi-tenant support, multi-path and traffic load balancing capability is provided, the data network can be managed more comprehensively, a more flexible data forwarding strategy is implemented, and even the optimization and control of the traffic are implemented according to the requirements of specific tenants.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (16)
1. A method for implementing a virtual network, comprising:
step one, a controller of a virtual network acquires a transmission type, a source and a destination of a data packet sent by a host;
step two, a forwarding strategy is formulated according to the transmission type, the port identification of the source and the destination identification of the destination;
step three, the forwarding strategy is sent to each virtual access switch and each intermediate switch through which the data packet passes;
executing, by the virtual access switch and the intermediate switch, the forwarding policy on the received data packet.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein implementing the forwarding policy comprises:
taking the received data packet as a first data packet, and encapsulating the target identifier and the first data packet to form a second data packet;
and sending the second data packet.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the transmission type is forwarding packets within the same subnet; the host sending the data packet and the target host receiving the data packet are positioned in the same subnet;
the purpose identification comprises: and determining a destination virtual network identifier of the subnet where the host sending the data packet is located according to the port identifier, and a destination route identifier of a destination virtual access switch.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the transmission type is forwarding packets between subnets;
the purpose identification comprises: a destination virtual network identifier of the destination subnet, and a destination route identifier of the destination virtual access switch.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the transmission type is unicast;
the second step further comprises: calculating at least one optimized path between a host sending the data packet and a destination; the forwarding strategy comprises the at least one optimized path;
executing the forwarding policy includes: and restoring the second data packet into a first data packet by the destination virtual access switch of the destination subnet, and sending the restored first data packet to the destination host.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the transmission type is broadcast;
the first step comprises the following steps:
establishing a first type broadcast tree covering the whole subnet in each subnet;
or, establishing a second type broadcast tree in each subnet, and in each second type broadcast tree, selecting a virtual access switch in the subnet, which is connected with the host, as a root node of the second type broadcast tree.
7. The method of claim 6,
the purpose identification comprises: the destination identifier of a destination subnet corresponding to the first kind of broadcast tree or the second kind of broadcast tree of the destination;
executing the forwarding policy includes: and restoring the second data packet into a first data packet by the destination virtual access switch of the destination subnet, and sending the first data packet to the destination host.
8. The method of claim 1,
the controller issues the forwarding strategy by adopting an Openflow protocol; the forwarding policy is implemented by a flow table;
or,
the controller adopts a network management interface download protocol to issue the forwarding strategy; the forwarding strategy is realized by a network management configuration item;
or,
and the controller adopts a selected private protocol to issue the forwarding strategy.
9. A controller, comprising:
an information acquisition unit for acquiring a transfer type, a source and a destination of a packet issued by a host;
a policy making unit, configured to make a forwarding policy according to the transmission type, a port identifier of a source, and a destination identifier of a destination;
a policy issuing unit, configured to send the forwarding policy to each of the virtual access switches and the intermediate switch through which the data packet will pass;
executing, by the virtual access switch and the intermediate switch, the forwarding policy on the received packet.
10. The controller according to claim 9, wherein the policy making unit comprises:
the first formulating module is used for when the transmission type is the same subnet forwarding data packet;
setting the destination identifier includes: and determining a destination virtual network identifier of the subnet where the host sending the data packet is located according to the port identifier, and a destination route identifier of a destination virtual access switch.
11. The controller according to claim 9, wherein the policy making unit comprises:
a second formulating module for, when the transmission type is forwarding data packets between subnets,
setting the destination identifier includes: a destination virtual network identifier of the destination subnet, and a destination route identifier of the destination virtual access switch.
12. The controller according to claim 9, wherein the policy making unit comprises:
a third formulating module for, when the transmission type is unicast,
calculating at least one optimized path between a host sending the data packet and a destination; the forwarding policy includes the at least one optimized path.
13. The controller of claim 9, further comprising:
the broadcast tree unit is used for establishing a first type broadcast tree covering the whole subnet in each subnet;
or, establishing a second type broadcast tree in each subnet, and in each second type broadcast tree, selecting a virtual access switch in the subnet, which is connected with the host, as a root node of the second type broadcast tree.
14. The controller according to claim 12, wherein the policy making unit comprises:
a fourth formulating module for, when said transmission type is broadcast,
setting the destination identifier includes: and destination identification of a destination subnet corresponding to the first kind of broadcast tree or the second kind of broadcast tree of the destination.
15. A virtual network, comprising: a virtual access switch, an intermediate switch, and a controller;
each virtual access switch is provided with a route identifier and is connected with the controller;
each intermediate switch is connected with the virtual access switch and the controller;
each host is positioned in a subnet, all the hosts in the subnet are positioned in a two-layer broadcast domain, and the two-layer broadcast domain is provided with a virtual network identifier;
one host is connected with the virtual access switch through a port, and the port is provided with a port identifier;
a controller as claimed in any of claims 9 to 14.
16. The virtual network of claim 15,
the virtual access switch includes:
the first policy execution unit is used for taking the received data packet as a first data packet, and encapsulating the destination identifier and the first data packet to form a second data packet; transmitting the second data packet;
and the number of the first and second groups,
the second intermediate switch includes:
the strategy execution unit is used for taking the received data packet as a first data packet, and encapsulating the target identifier and the first data packet to form a second data packet; and sending the second data packet.
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| PCT/CN2013/080734 WO2013185715A1 (en) | 2012-09-18 | 2013-08-02 | Method for implementing virtual network and virtual network |
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| CN102857416B (en) | 2016-09-28 |
| WO2013185715A1 (en) | 2013-12-19 |
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