CN102966960B - Thermal decomposition furnace for medical waste and control method for thermal decomposition furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a thermal decomposition furnace for medical waste and a control method for the thermal decomposition furnace. The thermal decomposition furnace mainly comprises a thermal decomposition chamber, a combustion chamber, a heat exchanger, an air preheating tower, a water tank, a bag-type dust remover, a desalting tower, a blast blower, a chimney, a neutralizing tower, an absorption tower and a control system, wherein the control system comprises a power supply, a control center, a temperature detection circuit, an air-pressure detection circuit, a weight detection circuit, an A/D (analog/digital) conversion module, a D/A (digital/analog) conversion module and a human-computer interface. The thermal decomposition furnace has the characteristics of high degree of automation, simple operation, high processing capability, little residue, on-site treatment, energy conservation and environment protection, high reliability and the like.

Description

Thermal decomposition furnace for medical waste and its control method

technical field

The invention relates to the field of medical waste treatment, in particular to a thermal decomposition furnace for medical waste and a control method thereof, which are used for thermal decomposition treatment of medical waste, so that the medical waste after passing through the thermal decomposition furnace can be harmless and save resources. Requirements for simplification and reduction.

Background technique

Medical waste, commonly known as medical waste, refers to the solid and liquid wastes generated in the process of human and animal diagnosis, testing, disposal, disease prevention and medical activities and research, mainly including infectious waste, pathological waste, sharps waste, pharmaceutical waste , genetic pollutants, chemical waste, radioactive waste, etc. It is highly infectious, biologically viral and corrosive, and if it is not strictly managed or handled properly, it will cause pollution to water, air, soil and direct harm to the human body; therefore, it is very important to treat medical waste. significance. At present, only companies in Switzerland, Japan and South Korea have developed this product for small thermal decomposition furnaces in the world. The production scale is small, and their products can only meet the needs of their domestic market and some western developed countries. There is no such product in China. factory. Compared with foreign products, the present invention has the characteristics of high technical innovation point, cheap price and the like.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a thermal decomposition furnace for medical waste and its control method, which has the characteristics of high automation, simple operation, strong processing capacity, less residue, on-site treatment, energy saving and environmental protection, and high reliability.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is achieved through the following schemes:

A thermal decomposition furnace for medical waste, mainly composed of a thermal decomposition chamber, a combustion chamber, a heat exchanger, an air preheating tower, a pool, a bag filter, a desalination tower, a blower, a chimney, a neutralization tower, an absorption tower, and a control system composition. in:

The thermal decomposition chamber is set in the combustion chamber; the thermal decomposition chamber is provided with a decomposition feed inlet, a decomposition air inlet and a decomposition air outlet; the decomposition inlet is used for inputting medical waste; the decomposition air outlet is connected with the combustion chamber; There is a combustion air inlet and a combustion air outlet; the combustion air outlet is connected to the heat exchanger input; the heat exchanger is surrounded by an annular air preheating tower; the air preheating tower includes a preheating air inlet and a preheating exhaust port; The preheating air inlet is connected to the atmosphere, and the preheating exhaust port is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the decomposition air inlet of the thermal decomposition chamber, and the other path is connected with the combustion air inlet of the combustion chamber; the output port of the heat exchanger is divided into two One way is connected to the neutralization tower, and the other is connected to the input port of the bag filter; the output port of the neutralization tower is connected to the input port of the absorption tower; both the neutralization tower and the absorption tower are connected to the pool; the output port of the bag filter is connected to the desalination tower The input port is connected, the output port of the desalination tower is connected to the blower, and the blower is connected to the chimney.

The control system includes power supply, control center, temperature detection circuit, air pressure detection circuit, weight detection circuit, A/D conversion module, D/A conversion module and man-machine interface; the temperature detection circuit and air pressure detection circuit are all set in the thermal decomposition chamber Inside, the weight detection circuit is installed at the bottom of the thermal decomposition chamber; the temperature detection circuit, weight detection circuit and air pressure detection circuit are connected to the input end of the control center through the A/D conversion module; the output end of the control center is connected to the input end of the control center through the D/A conversion module. The heater in the thermal decomposition chamber, the frequency converter on the blower, and the air inlet valve on the preheating air inlet are connected with the power supply; in addition, the control center is also connected with the man-machine interface.

In the above scheme, the control center preferably includes a temperature signal processing module, an air pressure signal processing module, a weight signal processing module, a fuzzy control module, and a proportional-integral control module;

The temperature signal processing module first processes the temperature signal measured by the temperature detection circuit to obtain the temperature t of the thermal decomposition chamber, and calculates the difference between the temperature t of the thermal decomposition chamber and the set value temperature t' to obtain the temperature error e _t , namely e _t = t'-t; then differentially calculate the temperature error e _t to obtain the temperature error change rate e _t c; finally judge the temperature error e _t , when the temperature error e _t is greater than the temperature threshold, the temperature t, temperature The error e _t and the temperature error change e _t c are sent to the fuzzy control module; when the temperature error e _t is smaller than the temperature threshold, the temperature error e _t is sent to the proportional integral control module;

at this time,

The fuzzy control module takes the temperature error e _t , temperature error change rate e _t c and temperature t as input variables, calculates the temperature control quantity at the next moment according to the fuzzy control rules, and then outputs the temperature control quantity signal to the heater;

The proportional-integral control module takes the temperature error e _t as the input quantity, calculates the temperature control quantity at the next moment according to the proportional-integral algorithm, and then outputs the temperature control quantity signal to the heater;

The air pressure signal processing module first processes the air pressure signal measured by the air pressure detection circuit to obtain the pressure p in the thermal decomposition chamber, and calculates the difference between the pressure p in the thermal decomposition chamber and the set value pressure p' to obtain the pressure error e _p , namely e _p =p'-p; then differentially calculate the pressure error e _p to obtain the pressure error change rate e _p c; finally judge the pressure error e _p , when the pressure error e _p is greater than the pressure threshold, the pressure p, pressure error e _p and pressure error change e _p c are sent to the fuzzy control module; when the pressure error e _p is less than the pressure threshold, the pressure error e _p is sent to the proportional integral control module;

at this time,

The fuzzy control module takes the pressure error e _p , pressure error change rate e _p c and pressure p as input variables, calculates the air pressure control quantity at the next moment according to the fuzzy control rules, and then outputs the air pressure control quantity signal to the frequency converter;

The proportional-integral control module takes the pressure error e _p as the input quantity, calculates the air pressure control quantity at the next moment according to the proportional integral algorithm, and then outputs the air pressure control quantity signal to the frequency converter;

The weight signal processing module processes the weight signal measured by the weight detection circuit to obtain the weight m of the medical waste in the thermal decomposition room, and then sends the weight m to the control center, and the control center determines the opening of the intake valve and the power supply by looking up the table Connect time.

In the above scheme, the fuzzy control module preferably includes a fuzzy interface, a database, a rule base, a fuzzy inference engine and a defuzzification interface;

The fuzzy interface connects the temperature signal processing module and the air pressure signal processing module, and performs fuzzy processing on the input precise quantity to form a fuzzy quantity;

A fuzzy inference engine, connected to the fuzzy interface, the database and the rule base, is used to search for relevant data from the database according to the data input by the fuzzy interface and perform inference calculations according to the fuzzy logic in the rule base;

The defuzzification interface is used to defuzzify the fuzzy control quantity obtained by the fuzzy reasoning machine and output it to the heater and the frequency converter.

In the above solution, the heat exchanger is preferably a tube-and-tube (also known as shell-and-tube) heat exchanger.

A control method for a thermal decomposition furnace of medical waste, comprising the following steps:

①The temperature detection circuit detects the temperature in the thermal decomposition chamber in real time, and sends the temperature signal to the control center;

②The temperature signal processing module of the control center first processes the temperature signal measured by the temperature detection circuit to obtain the temperature t of the thermal decomposition chamber, and calculates the difference between the temperature t of the thermal decomposition chamber and the set value temperature t' to obtain the temperature error e _t , that is, e _t = t'-t; then perform differential calculation on the temperature error e _t to obtain the temperature error change rate e _t c; finally judge the temperature error e _t , when the temperature error e _t is greater than the temperature threshold, the The temperature t, temperature error e _t and temperature error change e _t c are sent to the fuzzy control module; when the temperature error e _t is smaller than the temperature threshold, the temperature error e _t is sent to the proportional integral control module;

③ The fuzzy control module of the control center takes the temperature error e _t , temperature error change rate e _t c and temperature t as input variables, calculates the temperature control quantity at the next moment according to the fuzzy control rules, and then outputs the temperature control quantity signal to heater;

④The proportional-integral control module of the control center takes the temperature error e _t as the input quantity, calculates the temperature control quantity at the next moment according to the proportional-integration algorithm, and then outputs the temperature control quantity signal to the heater;

⑤The air pressure detection circuit detects the pressure in the thermal decomposition chamber in real time, and sends the pressure signal to the control center;

⑥The air pressure signal processing module of the control center first processes the air pressure signal measured by the air pressure detection circuit to obtain the pressure p in the thermal decomposition chamber, and calculates the difference between the pressure p in the thermal decomposition chamber and the set value pressure p' to obtain the pressure error e _p , that is, e _p =p'-p; then differentially calculate the pressure error e _p to obtain the pressure error change rate e _p c; finally judge the pressure error e _p , when the pressure error e _p is greater than the pressure threshold, the pressure p, pressure error e _p and pressure error change e _p c are sent to the fuzzy control module; when the pressure error e _p is less than the pressure threshold, the pressure error e _p is sent to the proportional integral control module;

⑦ The fuzzy control module of the control center takes the pressure error e _p , pressure error change rate e _p c and pressure p as input variables, calculates the air pressure control quantity at the next moment according to the fuzzy control rules, and then outputs the air pressure control quantity signal to Inverter;

⑧The proportional-integral control module of the control center takes the pressure error e _p as the input quantity, calculates the air pressure control quantity at the next moment according to the proportional-integral algorithm, and then outputs the air pressure control quantity signal to the frequency converter;

⑨The weight signal processing module processes the weight signal measured by the weight detection circuit to obtain the weight m of the medical waste in the pyrolysis room, and then sends the weight m to the control center, which determines the opening of the intake valve and Power on time.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has following characteristics:

1. After the waste is decomposed by high temperature in the thermal decomposition chamber, the gas generated flows into the combustion chamber for combustion, and after combustion, it is divided into two paths after heat exchange; one path is waste water discharged after passing through the neutralization tower and absorption tower; the other path is waste gas and The dust is discharged from the chimney after passing through the dust collector, desalination tower, and blower; this can not only effectively decompose medical waste, but also make the exhaust gas and waste water meet the emission standards after thermal decomposition;

2. The thermal decomposition chamber is set inside the combustion chamber, and the combustible gas decomposed in the thermal decomposition chamber can be burned in the combustion chamber to provide heat for the thermal decomposition chamber, so as to achieve the effect of energy reuse and save energy; in addition, the heat The exchanger is surrounded by an annular air preheating tower, and the heat carried by the exhaust gas and waste discharged from the combustion chamber will preheat the air to be sent into the thermal decomposition chamber and combustion chamber through heat exchange, realizing energy recovery and utilization;

3. The temperature of the thermal decomposition chamber is provided by an electric heater, which reduces the secondary pollution caused by the use of coal or fuel oil. In addition, special refractory insulation materials and integral milling technology are used in the production of the furnace body, which not only has a good The effect of heat preservation and energy saving is excellent, and it also prevents the overflow of dangerous gases and odors; the heat exchanger uses a shell-and-tube (also known as shell-and-tube) heat exchanger to maximize the effect of turbulence, increase heat transfer efficiency, and achieve rapid The effect of cooling inhibits the synthesis of dioxins; the dust collector uses a bag filter, which has the advantages of high temperature resistance, high-speed flue gas erosion, acid and alkali corrosion resistance, hydrolysis resistance, and good flame retardancy;

4. The medical waste treatment realizes the whole process of computer control, automatically starts or stops the operation; the temperature in the furnace can be kept basically constant under the control of the computer, and the temperature can be automatically sterilized; the frequency converter can adjust the speed of the blower in real time under the control of the computer to To achieve the purpose of controlling exhaust and energy saving; the computer can also measure the weight of garbage in the furnace and the temperature in the furnace, so as to directly control the combustion time and improve the operating efficiency of the equipment;

5. According to the air pressure in the thermal decomposition chamber, the speed of the motor of the blower is automatically adjusted through fuzzy control to control its air output and prevent explosions due to excessive air pressure; according to the temperature in the combustion chamber, it is automatically controlled through fuzzy control. The heating power of the heater can be adjusted to reasonably save energy; the invention has the characteristics of local treatment, small size, low price, small secondary pollution, strong ability to process medical waste, easy operation and high reliability.

6. Due to its small size, simple operation and low pollution, the equipment can be used locally in hospitals or rural clinics, reducing the transportation costs and secondary pollution caused by transporting medical waste to large-scale treatment sites.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of the control system of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is the fuzzy control flowchart of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Referring to Figure 1, a thermal decomposition furnace for medical waste is mainly composed of a thermal decomposition chamber (1), a combustion chamber (2), a heat exchanger (3), an air preheating tower (4), a water pool (5), and a bag dust collector device (6), desalination tower (7), blower (8), chimney (9), neutralization tower (10), absorption tower (11), and control system. Wherein the thermal decomposition chamber (1) is set in the combustion chamber (2). The thermal decomposition chamber (1) is provided with a decomposition feed inlet (12), a decomposition air inlet (13) and a decomposition air outlet (14). Decompose the feed inlet (12) for input of medical waste. The decomposition air outlet (14) communicates with the combustion chamber (2). The combustion chamber (2) is provided with a combustion air inlet (15) and a combustion air outlet (16). The combustion air outlet (16) is connected with the input port of the heat exchanger (3). The heat exchanger (3) is surrounded by an annular air preheating tower (4). In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchanger (3) adopts a tube-and-tube heat exchanger. The air preheating tower (4) includes a preheating air inlet (17) and a preheating exhaust port (18). The preheating air inlet (17) communicates with the atmosphere, the preheating exhaust port (18) is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the decomposition air inlet (13) of the thermal decomposition chamber (1), and the other path is connected with the combustion chamber (2) The combustion air inlet (15) is connected. The output port of the heat exchanger (3) is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the neutralization tower (10), and the other path is connected with the input port of the bag filter (6). The output port of the neutralization tower (10) is connected with the input port of the absorption tower (11). Both the neutralization tower (10) and the absorption tower (11) are connected with the water tank (5). The output port of the bag filter (6) is connected to the input port of the desalination tower (7), the output port of the desalination tower (7) is connected to the blower (8), and the blower (8) is connected to the chimney (9).

The gas produced by the anaerobic or anaerobic decomposition of medical waste through the thermal decomposition chamber (1) (guaranteed temperature is about 600°C-850°C) is output to the combustion chamber (2), and the gas is in the combustion chamber (2) with sufficient oxygen combustion. The combustion air outlet of the combustion chamber (2) is connected to the input port of the heat exchanger (3); the output port of the heat exchanger (3) is divided into two parts: one part is connected to the bag filter (6), and the bag filter (6) The output port is connected to the input port of the desalination tower (7), and after desalination, it is discharged into the chimney (9) through the blower (8), so that it can fully ensure that the waste gas after thermal decomposition can be discharged up to the standard; the other part is connected to the neutralization tower (10) and the absorption tower (11), so that it can fully ensure that the waste water after thermal decomposition can be discharged up to the standard. See Figure 2.

In order to realize the automatic control of the thermal decomposition of medical waste, the control system of the present invention includes a power supply, a control center, a temperature detection circuit, an air pressure detection circuit, a weight detection circuit, an A/D conversion module, a D/A conversion module and a man-machine interface . Both the temperature detection circuit and the air pressure detection circuit are arranged inside the thermal decomposition chamber (1), and the weight detection circuit is installed at the bottom of the thermal decomposition chamber (1). The temperature detection circuit, the weight detection circuit and the air pressure detection circuit are connected with the input end of the control center through the A/D conversion module. The output end of the control center is connected with the heater on the thermal decomposition chamber (1), the frequency converter on the blower (8), the air inlet valve on the preheat air inlet (17) and the power supply through the D/A conversion module . In addition, the control center is also connected with the man-machine interface. See Figure 3.

The control center includes a temperature signal processing module, an air pressure signal processing module, a weight signal processing module, a fuzzy control module, and a proportional-integral control module.

The temperature signal processing module first processes the temperature signal measured by the temperature detection circuit to obtain the temperature t of the thermal decomposition chamber (1), and calculates the difference between the temperature t of the thermal decomposition chamber (1) and the set value temperature t' to obtain the temperature error e _t , that is, e _t = t'-t; then perform differential calculation on the temperature error e _t to obtain the temperature error change rate e _t c; finally judge the temperature error e _t , when the temperature error e _t is greater than the temperature threshold, The temperature t, temperature error e _t and temperature error change e _t c are sent to the fuzzy control module; when the temperature error e _t is smaller than the temperature threshold, the temperature error e _t is sent to the proportional integral control module. at this time,

The fuzzy control module takes the temperature error e _t , temperature error change rate e _t c and temperature t as input variables, calculates the temperature control quantity at the next moment according to the fuzzy control rules, and then outputs the temperature control quantity signal to the heater. The proportional-integral control module takes the temperature error e _t as the input quantity, calculates the temperature control quantity at the next moment according to the proportional-integral algorithm, and then outputs the temperature control quantity signal to the heater.

The air pressure signal processing module first processes the air pressure signal measured by the air pressure detection circuit to obtain the internal pressure p of the thermal decomposition chamber (1), and calculates the difference between the pressure p of the thermal decomposition chamber (1) and the set value pressure p' to obtain the pressure Error e _p , that is, e _p =p'-p; then differentially calculate the pressure error e _p to obtain the pressure error change rate e _p c; finally judge the pressure error e _p , when the pressure error e _p is greater than the pressure threshold , send the pressure p, pressure error e _p and pressure error change e _p c to the fuzzy control module; when the pressure error e _p is less than the pressure threshold, send the pressure error e _p to the proportional integral control module. At this time, the fuzzy control module takes the pressure error e _p , pressure error change rate e _p c and pressure p as input variables, calculates the air pressure control quantity at the next moment according to the fuzzy control rules, and then outputs the air pressure control quantity signal to the frequency converter . The proportional-integral control module takes the pressure error e _p as the input quantity, calculates the air pressure control quantity at the next moment according to the proportional-integral algorithm, and then outputs the air pressure control quantity signal to the frequency converter.

The weight signal processing module processes the weight signal measured by the weight detection circuit to obtain the weight m of the medical waste in the thermal decomposition room, and then sends the weight m to the control center, and the control center determines the opening of the intake valve and the power connection by looking up the table pass time.

The above-mentioned fuzzy control module includes a fuzzy interface, a database, a rule base, a fuzzy inference engine and a defuzzification interface. The fuzzy interface connects the temperature signal processing module and the air pressure signal processing module, and performs fuzzy processing on the input precise quantity to form a fuzzy quantity. The fuzzy inference engine is connected with the fuzzy interface, the database and the rule base, and is used for finding relevant data from the database according to the input data of the fuzzy interface, and inferring and calculating according to the fuzzy logic in the rule base. The defuzzification interface is used to defuzzify the fuzzy control quantity obtained by the fuzzy reasoning machine and output it to the heater and the frequency converter.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fuzzy interface uses a triangular fuzzer to construct the membership function, and obtains temperature t, error e _t and temperature error change rate e _t c as fuzzy subsets E _t and E _t of input variables c, T, and pressure p, pressure error e _p and pressure error change e _p c are fuzzy subsets E _p , E _p c , P of input variables.

The fuzzification interface approximates the fuzzification process of temperature and air pressure. The temperature fuzzification process is taken as an example below to illustrate the specific process of fuzzification in the preferred embodiment of the present invention. See Figure 4:

The basic domain of discourse of temperature t is [650,850], and the domain of discourse of language variable T taken by temperature is [0,1,2,3,4,5]. Language variable T selects three language values: {L, M, B }.

The basic discourse domain of the error e _t is [-10, +10], and the discourse domain of the language variable E _t taken by the error is [-6, -5,...,-0,+0,..,+5,+ 6], the language variable E _t selects 6 language values: {PB, PS, P0, NS, N0,, NB}.

The basic discourse domain of the error change rate e _t c is [-24, +24], and the discourse domain of the language variable E _t C taken by ec is [-6, -5, ..., -0, +0,..., +5,+6], the language variable E _t C selects 5 language values: {PB, PS, 0, NS, NB}.

The domain of discourse of the output control variable u _t is [0,5], and the domain of discourse of the language variable u _t taken by u _t is [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 ], the language variable U _t selects 5 language values; {C1, C2, C3, C4, C5}.

When the language value of the language variable E _t taken by the error is not "zero", use fuzzy control; when the language value of the language variable E _t taken by the error is reduced to "zero", switch to proportional integral control.

The assignment table of each language variable stored in the database. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the assignment table of each language variable related to temperature is as follows:

Table 1. Assignment table of temperature T language variable

Table 2. Assignment table of error E language variables

Table 3. Language assignment table of error rate of change

Table 4. Output U language assignment table

The rule base stores the fuzzy control rules for adjusting the output control quantity u. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the form of fuzzy rules stored in the rule base is: if T and E and EC then U.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the defuzzification module performs fuzzy judgment on the fuzzy subset Un according to the center of gravity method, and then multiplies the corresponding proportional factor to obtain the precise value of the output control quantity.

The above man-machine interface includes 2 power buttons, start button, door open button, door close button, emergency stop button, alarm indicator light, end button, touch screen, etc. The parameters, alarm signal, system mode and operating system can be set through the touch screen. The system modes include automatic mode, manual mode and cooling mode. After the medical waste high-temperature pyrolysis furnace has been working for a day, click the end button and the system will process the remaining medical waste and automatically switch to the cooling mode and then turn off the power. The operation of the man-machine interface is as follows: ① Press the power button to power on the device. ② If the mobile medical waste thermal decomposition furnace is ready to process medical waste, the thermal decomposition furnace start button will be lit. ③Press the door open button, pour the medical waste into the mobile medical waste pyrolysis furnace, and close the door. ④Press the start button of the pyrolysis furnace, and the device will run automatically. When all medical waste has been disposed of, the pyrolysis start button will be illuminated again.

The control method of the medical waste pyrolysis furnace with the above structure includes the following steps:

①The temperature detection circuit detects the temperature in the thermal decomposition chamber (1) in real time, and sends the temperature signal to the control center;

②The temperature signal processing module of the control center first processes the temperature signal measured by the temperature detection circuit to obtain the temperature t of the thermal decomposition chamber (1), and calculates the difference between the temperature t of the thermal decomposition chamber (1) and the set value temperature t' difference, to obtain the temperature error e _t , that is, e _t =t'-t; then perform differential calculation on the temperature error e _t to obtain the temperature error change rate e _t c; finally judge the temperature error e _t , when the temperature error e _t When it is greater than the temperature threshold, the temperature t, temperature error e _t and temperature error change e _t c are sent to the fuzzy control module; when the temperature error e _t is smaller than the temperature threshold, the temperature error e _t is sent to the proportional integral control module;

③ The fuzzy control module of the control center takes the temperature error e _t , temperature error change rate e _t c and temperature t as input variables, calculates the temperature control quantity at the next moment according to the fuzzy control rules, and then outputs the temperature control quantity signal to heater;

④The proportional-integral control module of the control center takes the temperature error e _t as the input quantity, calculates the temperature control quantity at the next moment according to the proportional-integration algorithm, and then outputs the temperature control quantity signal to the heater;

⑤The air pressure detection circuit detects the pressure in the thermal decomposition chamber (1) in real time, and sends the pressure signal to the control center;

⑥The air pressure signal processing module of the control center first processes the air pressure signal measured by the air pressure detection circuit to obtain the internal pressure p of the thermal decomposition chamber (1), and calculates the difference between the pressure p of the thermal decomposition chamber (1) and the set value pressure p' difference, to obtain the pressure error e _p , that is, e _p =p'-p; then perform differential calculation on the pressure error e _p to obtain the pressure error change rate e _p c; finally judge the pressure error e _p , when the pressure error e _p When it is greater than the pressure threshold, the pressure p, pressure error e _p and pressure error change e _p c are sent to the fuzzy control module; when the pressure error e _p is smaller than the pressure threshold, the pressure error e _p is sent to the proportional integral control module;

⑦ The fuzzy control module of the control center takes the pressure error e _p , pressure error change rate e _p c and pressure p as input variables, calculates the air pressure control quantity at the next moment according to the fuzzy control rules, and then outputs the air pressure control quantity signal to Inverter;

⑧The proportional-integral control module of the control center takes the pressure error e _p as the input quantity, calculates the air pressure control quantity at the next moment according to the proportional-integral algorithm, and then outputs the air pressure control quantity signal to the frequency converter;

⑨The weight signal processing module processes the weight signal measured by the weight detection circuit to obtain the weight m of the medical waste in the pyrolysis room, and then sends the weight m to the control center, which determines the opening of the intake valve and Power on time.

Claims (5)

1. Biohazard Waste thermal decomposition furnace, is characterized in that: it is primarily of thermal decomposition chamber (1), combustion chamber (2), heat exchanger (3), air preheat tower (4), pond (5), sack cleaner (6), desalination tower (7), air blast (8), chimney (9), neutralizing tower (10), absorption tower (11) and control system composition;

Thermal decomposition chamber (1) is enclosed within combustion chamber (2); Thermal decomposition chamber (1) is provided with decomposes charging aperture (12), decomposition air inlet (13) Sum decomposition air outlet (14); Decompose charging aperture (12) to drop into for Biohazard Waste; Decomposite air port (14) to be connected with combustion chamber (2); Combustion chamber (2) is provided with combustion air intake (15) and burning air outlet (16); Burning air outlet (16) is connected with heat exchanger (3) input port; Heat exchanger (3) is surrounded by the air preheat tower (4) of annular; Air preheat tower (4) comprises pre-heating intaking mouth (17) and preheating exhaust outlet (18); Pre-heating intaking mouth (17) communicates with air, and preheating exhaust outlet (18) is divided into two-way, and a road is connected with the decomposition air inlet (13) of thermal decomposition chamber (1), and another road is connected with the combustion air intake (15) of combustion chamber (2); Heat exchanger (3) delivery outlet is divided into two-way, and a road is connected with neutralizing tower (10), and another road is connected with sack cleaner (6) input port; Neutralizing tower (10) delivery outlet is connected with absorption tower (11) input port; Neutralizing tower (10) is all connected with pond (5) with absorption tower (11); Sack cleaner (6) delivery outlet is connected with desalination tower (7) input port, and desalination tower (7) delivery outlet connects air blast (8), and air blast (8) is connected with chimney (9);

Control system comprises power supply, control centre, temperature sensing circuit, air pressure testing circuit, weight detecting circuit, A/D modular converter, D/A modular converter and man-machine interface; Temperature sensing circuit and air pressure testing circuit are all arranged on the inside of thermal decomposition chamber (1), and weight detecting circuit is arranged on the bottom of thermal decomposition chamber (1); Temperature sensing circuit, weight detecting circuit are connected with the input of control centre through A/D modular converter with air pressure testing circuit; The output of control centre through D/A modular converter and thermal decomposition chamber (1) with heater, frequency converter on air blast (8), intake valve that pre-heating intaking mouth (17) is established be connected with power supply; In addition, control centre is also connected with man-machine interface.

2. Biohazard Waste thermal decomposition furnace according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described control centre includes processes temperature signal module, air pressure signal processing module, weight signal processing module, fuzzy control model and proportional plus integral control module;

Processes temperature signal module, first will obtain the temperature t of thermal decomposition chamber (1), and calculates the temperature t of thermal decomposition chamber (1) and the difference of set-point temperature t' after temperature sensing circuit measured temperature signal transacting, obtain temperature error e _t, i.e. e _t=t'-t; Again to temperature error e _tcarry out differential calculation, obtain temperature error rate of change e _tc; Finally to temperature error e _tjudge, as temperature error e _twhen being greater than temperature threshold, by temperature t, temperature error e _twith temperature error change e _tc sends into fuzzy control model; As temperature error e _twhen being less than temperature threshold, by temperature error e _tsend into proportional plus integral control module;

Now,

Fuzzy control model, with temperature error e _t, temperature error rate of change e _tc and temperature t is input variable, calculates the temperature controlled quentity controlled variable of subsequent time, then this temperature controlled quentity controlled variable signal is outputted to heater by fuzzy control rule;

Proportional plus integral control module, with temperature error e _tfor input quantity, integral algorithm calculates the temperature controlled quentity controlled variable of subsequent time in proportion, then this temperature controlled quentity controlled variable signal is outputted to heater;

Air pressure signal processing module, obtains the interior pressure p of thermal decomposition chamber (1) after first air pressure testing circuit being surveyed air pressure signal process, and calculates the pressure p of thermal decomposition chamber (1) and the difference of setting value pressure p', obtains pressure error e _p, i.e. e _p=p'-p; Again to pressure error e _pcarry out differential calculation, obtain pressure error rate e _pc; Finally to pressure error e _pjudge, when pressure error e _pwhen being greater than threshold pressure, by pressure p, pressure error e _pwith pressure error change e _pc sends into fuzzy control model; When pressure error e _pwhen being less than threshold pressure, by pressure error e _psend into proportional plus integral control module;

Now,

Fuzzy control model, with pressure error e _p, pressure error rate e _pc and pressure p is input variable, calculates the air pressure controlled quentity controlled variable of subsequent time, then this air pressure controlled quentity controlled variable signal is outputted to frequency converter by fuzzy control rule;

Proportional plus integral control module, with pressure error e _pfor input quantity, integral algorithm calculates the air pressure controlled quentity controlled variable of subsequent time in proportion, then this air pressure controlled quentity controlled variable signal is outputted to frequency converter;

Weight signal processing module, will obtain the weight m of Biohazard Waste in thermal decomposition chamber after weight detecting circuit institute on measured weight signal transacting, then this weight m is delivered to control centre, control centre determines aperture and the power on time of intake valve by tabling look-up.

3. Biohazard Waste thermal decomposition furnace according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described fuzzy control model comprises defuzzification interface, database, rule base, indistinct logic computer and ambiguity solution interface;

Defuzzification interface, connects processes temperature signal module and air pressure signal processing module, carries out Fuzzy processing, form fuzzy quantity to input precise volume;

Indistinct logic computer, connects described defuzzification interface, database Sum fanction storehouse, for input according to fuzzy interface data, from described database, search related data and according in described rule base fuzzy logic inference calculation;

Ambiguity solution interface, for after fuzzy control quantity ambiguity solution that indistinct logic computer is obtained through exporting heater and frequency converter to.

4. according to the Biohazard Waste thermal decomposition furnace in claim 1-3 described in any one, it is characterized in that: heat exchanger (3) is tubular heat exchanger.

5. the control method of Biohazard Waste thermal decomposition furnace according to claim 1, is characterized in that comprising the steps:

1. temperature sensing circuit detects the temperature in thermal decomposition chamber (1) in real time, and this temperature signal is delivered to control centre;

2. the processes temperature signal module of control centre, first will obtain the temperature t of thermal decomposition chamber (1), and calculates the temperature t of thermal decomposition chamber (1) and the difference of set-point temperature t ' after temperature sensing circuit measured temperature signal transacting, obtain temperature error e _t, i.e. e _t=t'-t; Again to temperature error e _tcarry out differential calculation, obtain temperature error rate of change e _tc; Finally to temperature error e _tjudge, as temperature error e _twhen being greater than temperature threshold, by temperature t, temperature error e _twith temperature error change e _tc sends into fuzzy control model; As temperature error e _twhen being less than temperature threshold, by temperature error e _tsend into proportional plus integral control module;

3. the fuzzy control model of control centre, with temperature error e _t, temperature error rate of change e _tc and temperature t is input variable, calculates the temperature controlled quentity controlled variable of subsequent time, then this temperature controlled quentity controlled variable signal is outputted to heater by fuzzy control rule;

4. the proportional plus integral control module of control centre, with temperature error e _tfor input quantity, integral algorithm calculates the temperature controlled quentity controlled variable of subsequent time in proportion, then this temperature controlled quentity controlled variable signal is outputted to heater;

5. air pressure testing circuit detects the pressure in thermal decomposition chamber (1) in real time, and this pressure signal is delivered to control centre;

6. the air pressure signal processing module of control centre, obtains the interior pressure p of thermal decomposition chamber (1) after first air pressure testing circuit being surveyed air pressure signal process, and calculates the pressure p of thermal decomposition chamber (1) and the difference of setting value pressure p ', obtains pressure error e _p, i.e. e _p=t'-t; Again to pressure error e _pcarry out differential calculation, obtain pressure error rate e _pc; Finally to pressure error e _pjudge, when pressure error e _pwhen being greater than threshold pressure, by pressure p, pressure error e _pwith pressure error change e _pc sends into fuzzy control model; When pressure error e _pwhen being less than threshold pressure, by pressure error e _psend into proportional plus integral control module;

7. the fuzzy control model of control centre, with pressure error e _p, pressure error rate e _pc and pressure e _pfor input variable, calculate the air pressure controlled quentity controlled variable of subsequent time by fuzzy control rule, then this air pressure controlled quentity controlled variable signal is outputted to frequency converter;

8. the proportional plus integral control module of control centre, with pressure error e _pfor input quantity, integral algorithm calculates the air pressure controlled quentity controlled variable of subsequent time in proportion, then this air pressure controlled quentity controlled variable signal is outputted to frequency converter;

9. weight signal processing module, will obtain the weight m of Biohazard Waste in thermal decomposition chamber after weight detecting circuit institute on measured weight signal transacting, then this weight m is delivered to control centre, control centre determines aperture and the power on time of intake valve by tabling look-up.