CN102975848A - Hatch cover opening-closing executing mechanism for spacecraft - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a switch hatch actuator for a spacecraft, which belongs to the technical field of spacecraft and mainly consists of a hatch shaft, a sleeve, a lead screw, a nut, a guide pin and the like. The invention converts the rotation motion of the lead screw into sequential rotation and translation motions of the hatch cover to close or open the hatch cover, ensure the complete shape of the spacecraft and protect the safety of loads in the cabin. The device has a compact and reliable structure, and is less affected by space environments such as temperature alternation and electromagnetic radiation.

Description

A switch hatch actuator for spacecraft

technical field

The invention relates to a switch hatch actuator for a spacecraft, belonging to the technical field of spacecraft.

Background technique

A spacecraft, especially an unmanned spacecraft, needs to transfer the collected samples into the spacecraft after collecting extraterrestrial celestial body samples. Therefore, it is necessary to set up a hatch mechanism to close the hatch after the sample is transferred into the spacecraft to protect the collected samples and ensure the integrity of the spacecraft. In addition, there are many intermittently working devices on the spacecraft that need to be provided with protective covers, which are opened during working hours and closed for protection during non-working hours.

The hatch mechanism of many spacecraft adopts the shell-type opening method. Although the opening angle is large, the motion envelope space is also large. use below.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the present invention discloses a switch hatch actuator for spacecraft. The mechanism has a compact and reliable structure, a small envelope space of a motion trajectory, and is less affected by environmental factors, and can overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

A switch hatch actuator for a spacecraft, comprising: a hatch shaft, a sleeve, a screw, a front guide pin, a rear guide pin I, a nut, a long top wire I, a bearing sleeve, a bearing, an intermediate gasket, and an adjustment gasket , preload washer, preload nut, short top wire, rear guide pin II, long top wire II;

Among them, an "L"-shaped groove and a "one"-shaped groove are opened axially on the outer circle of the sleeve. The horizontal side of the "L"-shaped groove is located above the sleeve, and the "one"-shaped groove and the "L" The vertical sides of the shaped groove are centrally symmetrical;

There are two symmetrical spiral grooves inside the lower half of the cylindrical surface of the hatch shaft;

The hatch cover shaft and the sleeve are clearance fit, and the mating section is sprayed with lubricating film; the screw and the nut form a screw transmission pair; two back-to-back bearings with intermediate spacers in the middle are installed on the screw, and the bearing sleeve is set on the outer ring of the bearing , to form an interference fit, the sleeve is set on the outer ring of the bearing sleeve to form an interference fit; the preload nut is installed on the lower part of the lead screw through threaded connection; through the joint of the intermediate gasket, the preload washer and the preload nut function, preload the two bearings;

The front guide pin is installed on the hatch cover shaft through a short top screw;

One end of the rear guide pin I and the rear guide pin II are mounted on the nut symmetrically and radially through the long top wire I and the long top wire II respectively, and the other end of the rear guide pin I passes through the corresponding screw on the hatch cover shaft horizontally. The groove and the "L"-shaped groove on the sleeve, the other end of the rear guide pin II horizontally passes through the corresponding spiral groove on the hatch shaft and the "one"-shaped groove on the sleeve;

The front end of the hatch shaft is connected with the hatch.

Beneficial effect

The single rotary motion is converted into sequential axial translation and circumferential rotation motions, and the actions of opening and closing the hatch cover are performed. The centers of screw drive and hatch cover axis are coincident and integrated on the same axis. The structure design is compact and space-saving. The motion control process is simple.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention under contraction state; 1: hatch shaft, 2: sleeve, 3: leading screw, 4: front guide pin, 5: rear guide pin 1, 6: nut:, 7: long Jacking wire I, 8: Bearing sleeve, 9: Angular contact ball bearing, 10: Intermediate gasket, 11: Adjusting gasket, 12: Preloading gasket, 13: Preloading nut, 14: Short jacking wire, 15: Rear Guide pin II, 16: long top wire II;

Figure 2 is a state diagram of the present invention in the state of axial translation movement;

Fig. 3 is a state diagram of the present invention in a state of circumferential rotation.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, the present invention mainly consists of hatch shaft 1, sleeve 2, leading screw 3, front guide pin 4, rear guide pin 15, nut 6, long top wire I7, bearing sleeve 8, angular contact ball bearing 9 , Intermediate gasket 10, adjusting gasket 11, preload gasket 12, preload nut 13, short top wire 14, rear guide pin II15, long top wire II16;

Among them, the outer circle of the sleeve 2 is axially provided with an "L"-shaped groove and a "one"-shaped groove, the horizontal side of the "L"-shaped groove is located above the sleeve 2, and the "one"-shaped groove and " The vertical sides of the L”-shaped groove are centrally symmetrical;

There are two symmetrical spiral grooves inside the lower half of the cylindrical surface of hatch shaft 1;

The hatch shaft 1 and the sleeve 2 are clearance fit, and the mating section is sprayed with molybdenum disulfide lubricating film to reduce friction and prevent vacuum cold welding; the screw 3 and the nut 6 constitute a screw transmission pair; There are intermediate spacers 10 and back-to-back angular contact ball bearings 9, and the end of the screw 3 installed with the angular contact ball bearings 9 is the power input end, which is connected to the power source; the bearing sleeve 8 is set on the outer ring of the angular contact ball bearings 9 , forming an interference fit, the bearing sleeve 8 is set under the inside of the sleeve 2 to form an interference fit; the preload nut 13 is installed on the lower part of the lead screw 3 through threaded connection; the intermediate gasket 10, the preload gasket 12 and the The combined effect of the pre-tightening nut 13 pre-tightens the two angular contact ball bearings 9, eliminates the gap, and improves the transmission accuracy and service life of the bearings;

The front guide pin 4 is installed on the hatch cover shaft 1 through the short top wire 14, and is constrained in the "L" shaped groove on the sleeve 2;

One end of the rear guide pin I 5 and the rear guide pin II 15 is mounted on the nut 6 symmetrically and radially through the long top wire I 7 and the long top wire II 16 respectively, and the other end of the rear guide pin I5 passes through the hatch cover horizontally The corresponding spiral groove on the shaft 1 and the "L"-shaped groove on the sleeve 2, the other end of the rear guide pin II15 horizontally passes through the corresponding spiral groove on the hatch shaft 1 and the "-"-shaped groove on the sleeve 2;

The front end of the hatch shaft 1 can be connected with hatch covers of various shapes.

As shown in Figure 2, when the whole mechanism starts to work from the retracted state, the lead screw 3 rotates under the drive of the power source, and the drive nut 6 and the rear guide pin I (5) and rear guide pin II (15) installed thereon The slots along both sides of the sleeve 2 firstly perform translational movement in the axial direction. Since the two rear guide pins are constrained in the two spiral grooves of the hatch shaft 1, the hatch cover shaft 1 and the front guide pin 4 installed on it are indirectly driven to form an axial direction along the "L"-shaped groove on the sleeve 2. Translational movement to the turn of the groove, reaching the maximum axial displacement (externally manifested as the axial translation of the hatch cover protruding).

As shown in Figure 3, when the hatch shaft 1 and the front guide pin 4 installed on it move to the corner along the "L" groove on the sleeve 2, the nut 6 and the rear guide pin 15 installed on it will , The rear guide pin II15 continues to move in translation under the drive of the lead screw 3, forcing the front guide pin 4 to continue to move along the circumferential part in the "L"-shaped groove, driving the hatch cover shaft 1 to make a circumferential movement to "L" The end of the shaped groove (exterior means that the hatch cover rotates open to reveal the space inside the cabin), and at the same time, the two rear guide pins move along the two spiral grooves on the hatch shaft 1. So far, the whole action of opening the hatch cover is completed.

The action of closing the hatch cover is the inverse motion of the above-mentioned sequential motion.

In order to reduce the structural size, the angular contact ball bearing 9 can be replaced by a sliding bearing, and the front guide pin and the rear guide pin can be connected to the hatch shaft 1 and the nut 6 respectively by means of interference fit, screw connection or bonding .

By designing the circumferential length of the "L"-shaped groove on the sleeve 2 and the length of the two spiral grooves on the hatch shaft 1, the angle at which the hatch can be rotated and opened can be controlled. Through the design of the axial length of the "L"-shaped groove on the sleeve 2 and the axial length of related parts, the length of the translational extension of the control hatch cover is realized.

To sum up, the above is only a preferred example of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. a spacecraft is characterized in that comprising: hatchcover axle (1), sleeve (2), leading screw (3), front guide finger (4), rear guide finger I(5 with switch hatchcover actuating unit), nut (6), long jackscrew I(7), bearing carrier ring (8), bearing (9), intermediate washer (10), adjust pad (11), tightening cushion (12), pre-load nut (13), lack jackscrew (14), rear guide finger II(15), long jackscrew II(16);

Wherein, have vertically " L " shape groove and " one " shape groove on the cylindrical of sleeve (2), the horizontal sides of " L " shape groove is positioned at the top of sleeve (2), and " one " shape groove is centrosymmetric with the vertical edges of " L " shape groove;

There is the plug helix of two symmetries the inside, the lower semisection face of cylinder of hatchcover axle (1);

Hatchcover axle (1) is free-running fit with sleeve (2), cooperates section spraying lubricating film; Leading screw (3) consists of the worm drive pair with nut (6); There are intermediate washer (10) and back-to-back bearing (9) in two centres of the upper installation of leading screw (3), and bearing carrier ring (8) is sleeved on the outer ring of bearing (9), forms interference fit, and sleeve (2) is sleeved on the outer ring of bearing carrier ring (8), forms interference fit; Pre-load nut (13) is threaded connection the bottom that is installed in leading screw (3); By the combined action of intermediate washer (10), tightening cushion (12) and pre-load nut (13), with two bearings (9) pretension;

Front guide finger (4) is installed on the hatchcover axle (1) by short jackscrew (14);

Rear guide finger I(5) and rear guide finger II(15) an end respectively by long jackscrew I(7) and long jackscrew II(16) left and right symmetrically radially is installed on the nut (6), rear guide finger I(5) other end level is passed plug helix corresponding to hatchcover axle (1) and " L " shape groove on the sleeve (2), rear guide finger II(15) other end level pass the upper corresponding plug helix of hatchcover axle (1) and " one " shape groove on the sleeve (2);

The front end of hatchcover axle (1) is connected with hatchcover.

2. a kind of spacecraft according to claim 1 is with switch hatchcover actuating unit, it is characterized in that: leading screw (3) rotates under the driving of propulsion source, drive nut (6) and rear guide finger I(5 mounted thereto), rear guide finger II(15) do axial translation motion along the groove of sleeve (2) both sides, Indirect driven hatchcover axle (1) is done axial translation or is rotated in a circumferential direction motion along upper " L " shape groove of sleeve (2) with front guide finger (4) mounted thereto.

3. a kind of spacecraft according to claim 1 is with switch hatchcover actuating unit, and it is characterized in that: described lubricating film is the molybdenum disulphide lubricating film.

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