CN102998841B - Display substrate and display device with display substrate - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a display substrate and a liquid crystal display device using the substrate. In the present invention, the substrate has an optical scattering structure, and the optical scattering structure is used to scatter the incident light emitted by the backlight into the display substrate, including at least one of a light diffusion film layer, scattering particles, and optical patterns. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can omit at least one optical film of the diffusion sheet or the light guide plate in the backlight module of the display, improves the integration of the liquid crystal display, can realize the thinning and thinning of the liquid crystal display, and reduces the cost of the liquid crystal display. the cost of.

Description

A display substrate and a display device having the display substrate

technical field

The present invention relates to the field of display technology, in particular to a display substrate and a display device with the display substrate.

Background technique

Liquid crystal displays are widely used in all aspects of daily life, and there are countless products using liquid crystal displays. In small-size applications, such as mobile terminals such as mobile phones, music players, and handheld computers (Personal Digital Assistant, PDA), etc.; Applications, such as monitors, LCD TVs, etc. Liquid crystal displays are an important part of these products.

Since the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal display does not have the function of directly emitting light, an additional backlight module must be provided on the back of the liquid crystal screen. LCD screen and backlight module are two independent components. A backlight module is generally composed of a light source and an auxiliary device arranged sequentially from the light source, including a light guide plate, a diffuser, a prism film, and the like. The function of the light guide plate is to guide the irregular light emitted by the light source to diverge towards the display direction. The function of the diffuser is to diffuse the light passing through the light guide plate to achieve the atomization effect. The diffused light is gathered by the prism film in the direction perpendicular to the screen to increase the brightness in front of the screen, thus producing bright and clear images.

In the direct-type backlight module, the diffuser is placed above the light source, and the light is scattered by the diffuser, passes through the prism film, the brightness enhancement film in turn, is polarized by the polarizer, and shines on the LCD screen. In the side-type backlight module, the light source is placed on one or both sides of the light guide plate, the light enters the light guide plate from the side, exits on the upper surface of the light guide plate, passes through the diffuser, prism film and brightness enhancement film, and passes through the polarizer Polarized and irradiated onto the LCD screen.

Referring to FIG. 1 , it is a schematic cross-sectional view of a traditional liquid crystal display panel (the upper substrate is not shown). The traditional liquid crystal display adopts a side-lit backlight mode, including a liquid crystal layer 101, a display substrate 102, a polarizer 103, a prism film 104, and a diffuser. 105. The light guide plate 106. The direct-type backlight type liquid crystal display can omit the light guide plate 106 . The design of multi-layer optical films in traditional liquid crystal displays not only has a thicker device, but also has a complicated process, which leads to increased cost and reduced efficiency, and is prone to defects during assembly.

Contents of the invention

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a display substrate, which can reduce the overall thickness, weight and structure of a display device using the display substrate.

In order to achieve the above object, technical solution of the present invention is achieved in that way:

A display substrate, the display substrate has an optical scattering structure, and the optical scattering structure is used to scatter incident light emitted by a backlight source into the display substrate.

The above-mentioned optical scattering structure includes at least one of a light-diffusing film layer, scattering particles, and optical patterns, wherein the light-diffusing film layer is arranged on the light-incident surface and/or the inner interlayer of the display substrate, and the scattering particles are dispersed In the substrate, the optical patterns are distributed on the light incident surface of the substrate.

The aforementioned scattering particles include at least one of inorganic particles, organic particles, metal particles, composite material particles, and hollow holes.

The above optical pattern includes at least one of dot pattern, stripe pattern and concave-convex structure.

At least one layer of prism array structure is further arranged on the light emitting surface and/or the inner interlayer of the above substrate.

The cross-section of the ribs of the above-mentioned prism array structure is zigzag or wavy or randomly convex.

A transparent protective layer is arranged on the light emitting surface of the above-mentioned prism array structure.

The refractive index of the transparent protective layer is smaller than the refractive index of the prism array structure.

The present invention also provides a display device, comprising the above-mentioned display substrate.

The display substrate provided by the present invention has an optical scattering structure, at least one of the optical film of the diffusion sheet or the light guide plate can be omitted, and the overall thickness of the display device using the substrate can be reduced, the weight can be reduced, and the structure can be simplified.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display panel in the prior art;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a display substrate provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a display substrate provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a display substrate provided by Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a display substrate provided by Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a display substrate provided by Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a display substrate provided by Embodiment 6 of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a display substrate provided by Embodiment 7 of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Here, the exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

The technical solution of the present invention provides a display substrate, the display substrate has an optical scattering structure, and the optical scattering structure is used to scatter the incident light emitted by the backlight into the display substrate.

Wherein, the optical scattering structure is not limited to the structure that only uses the scattering effect to disperse the incident light so as to enter the display substrate more uniformly, but also includes other structures with refraction and reflection functions that can make the incident light enter the display substrate more uniformly. The optical structure of the display substrate is collectively referred to as an optical scattering structure.

Specifically, the optical scattering structure includes at least one of a light-diffusing film layer, scattering particles, and optical patterns, wherein the light-diffusing film layer is arranged on the light-incident surface and/or the inner interlayer of the display substrate, so The scattering particles are dispersed in the substrate, and the optical pattern is distributed on the light incident surface of the substrate.

Embodiment 1 will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 2 .

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the display substrate provided in Embodiment 1. The display substrate provided in this embodiment can be applied to a liquid crystal display panel. For the convenience of understanding, FIG. 2 also shows other parts of the structure of the liquid crystal display panel. The liquid crystal display panel includes an upper substrate (not shown), a liquid crystal layer 201 , a display substrate 202 , a polarizer 203 , a prism film 204 , and a light guide plate 205 as shown in FIG. 2 .

Wherein, the display substrate 202 is the display substrate provided by Embodiment 1 of the display substrate to be protected in the present invention, and the light incident surface of the display substrate 202 is provided with a light scattering film layer 2021 . The light-scattering film layer 2021 spreads the light incident on the display substrate 202 into uniform or near-uniform surface light rays through scattering, so as to achieve a fogging effect.

The light passes through the light guide plate 205 to form a surface light source and then propagates to the display substrate 202. Due to the effect of the light scattering film layer 2021, the light is emitted from the substrate more uniformly after atomization. After layer 201 the phase and polarization state changes. The retardation of the liquid crystal layer is controlled by the electrode action between the upper and lower display substrates, and then the passage of light is controlled, so that the display produces light and dark changes and realizes the display function.

Optionally, the position of the light-scattering film layer 2021 is not limited to the light-incident surface of the display substrate 202, and can also be arranged in the internal interlayer of the display substrate 202, and the number of the light-scattering film layer 2021 is not limited to one layer, and can be placed on Both the light-incident surface of the display substrate and the internal interlayer are provided, which is not limited here.

The light-incident surface and/or the inner interlayer of the display substrate provided in this embodiment is provided with a light-scattering film layer. The light-scattering film layer shown can replace the diffuser in the backlight module, so as to achieve the purpose of omitting the diffuser in the display substrate. Owing to the omission of a layer of optical film, the thickness of the liquid crystal display is reduced, the weight is reduced, and the structure is simplified. It should be pointed out that the application of the above-mentioned display substrate in the liquid crystal display device in the above-mentioned embodiments is only a preferred embodiment and not a limitation to the scope of application.

Embodiment 2 will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 3 .

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a display substrate provided in Embodiment 2. The display substrate provided in this embodiment can be applied to a liquid crystal display panel. For the convenience of understanding, FIG. 3 also shows other parts of the structure of the liquid crystal display panel. The liquid crystal display panel includes an upper substrate (not shown), a liquid crystal layer 301 , a display substrate 302 , a polarizer 303 , a prism film 304 , and a light guide plate 305 as shown in FIG. 3 .

Wherein, the display substrate 302 is the display substrate provided by Embodiment 1 of the display substrate to be protected in the present invention, and scattering particles 3021 are dispersed inside the display substrate 302 . The scattering particles 3021 expand the light incident on the display substrate 302 into a uniform or nearly uniform surface light through the optical scattering effect of the microscopic particles, so as to achieve a fogging effect.

The light propagates into the substrate 302 through the light guide plate 305 , and due to the effect of the scattering particles 3021 , a uniform or nearly uniform surface light is formed. The light passes through the prism film 304 and the polarizer 305 in sequence, and the phase and polarization state change after passing through the liquid crystal layer. The retardation of the liquid crystal layer is controlled by the electrode action between the upper and lower display substrates, and then the passage of light is controlled, so that the display produces light and dark changes and realizes the display function.

Optionally, the material, shape and distribution density of the scattering particles 3021 can be adjusted according to the position of the light source, so that the light can be fully diffused to the entire display plane. The scattering particles 3021 may be at least one of inorganic particles, organic particles, metal particles, composite material particles, and hollow holes, including various scattering particles currently used in scattering plates in backlight sources. In this embodiment, the specific material, shape and distribution density of the scattering particles 3021 are not limited, as long as a better effect of diffusing light can be obtained. The location of the scattering particles 3021 is not limited to the light emitting surface of the display substrate, and may also be located in the inner interlayer of the display substrate.

Scattering particles are dispersed inside the display substrate provided in this embodiment. Therefore, the display substrate can replace the diffuser in the backlight module to achieve the purpose of omitting the diffuser. Owing to the omission of a layer of optical film, the thickness of the liquid crystal display is reduced, the weight is reduced, and the structure is simplified. It should be pointed out that the application of the above-mentioned display substrate in the liquid crystal display device in the above-mentioned embodiments is only a preferred embodiment and not a limitation to the scope of application.

Embodiment 3 will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 4 .

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a display substrate provided in Embodiment 3. The display substrate provided in this embodiment can be applied to a liquid crystal display panel. For the convenience of understanding, FIG. 4 also shows other parts of the structure of the liquid crystal display panel. The liquid crystal display panel includes an upper substrate (not shown), a liquid crystal layer 401 , a display substrate 402 , a polarizer 403 , a prism film 404 , and a diffusion sheet 405 as shown in FIG. 4 .

Wherein, the display substrate 402 is the display substrate provided by Embodiment 1 of the display substrate to be protected in the present invention, and the light incident surface of the display substrate 402 is distributed with optical patterns 4021 . The optical pattern 4021 and the display substrate 20 are integrated. The optical pattern 4021 transmits the light from the near light end of the display substrate to the far light end of the display substrate through optical reflection, so that the light of the side-type or other backlight can be expanded from a line or point light source to a uniform surface light source. .

The light is emitted from the backlight, and due to the reflection of the optical pattern 4021, the light can propagate from the near light end to the far light end of the display substrate, expanding into a uniform surface light source. The light passes through the diffuser 405 , the prism film 404 , and the polarizer 403 in sequence, and the phase and polarization state change after passing through the liquid crystal layer. The retardation of the liquid crystal layer is controlled by the electrode action between the upper and lower display substrates, and then the passage of light is controlled, so that the display produces light and dark changes and realizes the display function.

Optionally, the material, shape and distribution density of the optical pattern 4021 can be adjusted according to the position of the light source, so that the light can be fully transmitted to the light-emitting surface of the substrate. The optical pattern 4021 can be a variety of optical patterns currently used in light guide plates in backlights such as concave-convex structures, dots, and stripes, and its shape and distribution are not limited.

The surface of the display substrate provided in this embodiment away from the liquid crystal layer is provided with an optical pattern. Therefore, the display substrate can replace the light guide plate in the backlight module to achieve the purpose of omitting the light guide plate. Owing to the omission of a layer of optical film, the thickness of the liquid crystal display is reduced, the weight is reduced, and the structure is simplified. It should be pointed out that the application of the above-mentioned display substrate in the liquid crystal display device in the above-mentioned embodiments is only a preferred embodiment and not a limitation to the scope of application.

Embodiment 4 will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 5 .

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a display substrate provided in Embodiment 4. The display substrate provided in this embodiment can be applied to a liquid crystal display panel. For the convenience of understanding, FIG. 5 also shows other parts of the structure of the liquid crystal display panel. The liquid crystal display panel includes an upper substrate (not shown), a liquid crystal layer 501 , a display substrate 502 , a polarizer 503 , and a light guide plate 504 as shown in FIG. 5 .

Wherein, the display substrate 502 is the display substrate provided by Embodiment 1 of the display substrate to be protected in the present invention, and the light emitting surface side of the display substrate 502 is provided with a prism array structure 5021 . Scattering particles 5022 are dispersed inside the display substrate 502 . The prism array structure 5021 and the display substrate 502 are integrally structured to guide light incident from the outside in a direction perpendicular to the display surface. The scattering particles 5022 spread the light incident on the display substrate 502 into uniform or near-uniform surface light through scattering, so as to achieve an atomization effect. The scattering particles in this embodiment are the same as those in the second embodiment, except that a prism array structure is arranged on the surface of the display substrate from which light emerges.

The light propagates through the light guide plate 504 from the near light end to the far light end, forms a surface light source, enters the display substrate 502, and makes the surface light source tend to be uniform through the scattering particles 5022, and then the light passes through the prism array structure 5021 to concentrate on in the direction of the face. Then the light passes through the polarizer 503 , and the phase and polarization state change after passing through the liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal display relies on the electrode action between the upper display substrates to control the retardation of the liquid crystal layer, and then controls the passage of light, so that the display changes in brightness and darkness, and realizes the display function.

Optionally, the prism array structure 5021 is not limited to only one layer, and may also have a multi-layer prism array structure to achieve multiple brightness enhancement effects.

Optionally, the shape and distribution density of the prism array structure 5021 can be adjusted according to the position of the light source, so that the light can be fully concentrated in a direction perpendicular to the display surface. The shape of the prism array structure 5021 may be the shape of the prism array structure that may be used in all prism films, such as zigzag, wavy or random convex pattern known to those skilled in the art. The specific shape of the prism array structure 5021 is not limited in this embodiment.

Optionally, a transparent protective layer may also be provided on the light emitting surface of the prism array structure 5021, which can prevent the prism array structure 5021 from being damaged and provide a flat surface for attaching the optical film. The material of the transparent protective layer includes at least one of inorganic materials, organic materials, and inorganic-organic composite materials. Of course, it can be understood that the specific material of the transparent protective layer is not limited in this embodiment. Preferably, the refractive index of the material of the transparent protective layer is smaller than that of the prism array structure 5021, and the outgoing light can be more concentrated in the display direction by using the principle of light refraction.

In this embodiment, the display substrate is provided with a prism array structure on the surface where the light emerges, and scattering particles are dispersed inside. Therefore, the display substrate can replace the prism film and the diffusion layer in the backlight module to achieve the purpose of omitting the prism film and the diffusion layer. Owing to the omission of two layers of optical films, the thickness, weight and structure of the liquid crystal display are reduced. It should be pointed out that the application of the above-mentioned display substrate in the liquid crystal display device in the above-mentioned embodiments is only a preferred embodiment and not a limitation to the scope of application.

Embodiment 5 will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 6 .

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a display substrate provided in Embodiment 5. The display substrate provided in this embodiment can be applied to a liquid crystal display panel. For the convenience of understanding, FIG. 6 also shows other parts of the structure of the liquid crystal display panel. The liquid crystal display panel includes an upper substrate (not shown), a liquid crystal layer 601 , a display substrate 602 , a polarizer 603 , and a prism film 604 as shown in FIG. 6 .

Wherein, the display substrate 602 is the display substrate provided by Embodiment 1 of the display substrate to be protected in the present invention, and scattering particles 6021 are dispersed inside the display substrate 602 . An optical pattern 6022 is disposed on the light incident surface of the display substrate 602 . The scattering particles 6021 spread the light incident on the display substrate 602 into a uniform or near-uniform surface light through scattering, so as to achieve an atomization effect. The optical pattern 6022 transmits the light from the near light end of the display substrate to the far light end of the display substrate through optical reflection, so that the light of the side-type or other backlight can be expanded from a line or point light source to a uniform surface light source.

This embodiment is a preferred embodiment combining Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 3. The scattering particles 6021 and optical patterns 6022 are the same as Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 3 respectively.

In the display substrate provided by this embodiment, scattering centers are scattered inside, and optical patterns are arranged on the surface away from the liquid crystal layer. Therefore, the display substrate 20 can replace the diffusion layer and the light guide plate in the backlight module to achieve the purpose of omitting the diffusion layer and the light guide plate. Owing to the omission of two layers of optical films, the thickness, weight and structure of the liquid crystal display are reduced. It should be pointed out that the application of the above-mentioned display substrate in the liquid crystal display device in the above-mentioned embodiments is only a preferred embodiment and not a limitation to the scope of application.

Embodiment 6 will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 7 .

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a display substrate provided in Embodiment 6. The display substrate provided in this embodiment can be applied to a liquid crystal display panel. For the convenience of understanding, FIG. 7 also shows other parts of the structure of the liquid crystal display panel. The liquid crystal display panel includes an upper substrate (not shown), a liquid crystal layer 701 , a display substrate 702 , a polarizer 703 , and a diffusion layer 704 as shown in FIG. 7 .

Among them, the display substrate 702 is the display substrate provided by the first embodiment of the display substrate to be protected in the present invention, and the light emitting surface of the display substrate 702 is provided with a prism array structure 7021 to guide the incident light from the outside to a direction perpendicular to the display surface. direction. The light incident surface of the display substrate 702 is provided with an optical pattern 7022. Through optical reflection, the light from the near light end of the display substrate is transmitted to the far light end of the display substrate, so that the light from the side-type or other backlight sources can be transmitted by the line. Or a point light source expands into a uniform surface light source. The prism array structure 7021, the optical pattern 7022 and the display substrate 702 are integrated. The optical patterns in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 2, except that a prism array structure is arranged on the surface of the display substrate from which light emerges.

The display substrate provided in this embodiment is provided with a prism array structure on the light exit surface, and provided with an optical pattern on the light incident surface. Therefore, the display substrate can replace the prism film and the light guide plate in the backlight module to achieve the purpose of omitting the prism film and the light guide plate. Owing to the omission of two layers of optical films, the thickness, weight and structure of the liquid crystal display are reduced. It should be pointed out that the application of the above-mentioned display substrate in the liquid crystal display device in the above-mentioned embodiments is only a preferred embodiment and not a limitation to the scope of application.

Embodiment 7 will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 8 .

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a display substrate provided in Embodiment 7. The display substrate provided in this embodiment can be applied to a liquid crystal display panel. For the convenience of understanding, FIG. 8 also shows other parts of the structure of the liquid crystal display panel. The liquid crystal display panel includes an upper substrate (not shown), a liquid crystal layer 801 , a display substrate 802 , and a polarizer 803 as shown in FIG. 8 .

Among them, the display substrate 802 is the display substrate provided by the first embodiment of the display substrate to be protected in the present invention, and the light emitting surface of the display substrate 802 is provided with a prism array structure 8011, which guides the light incident from the outside to a direction perpendicular to the display surface. direction. Scattering particles 8021 are dispersed inside the display substrate 802 to spread the incident light into the display substrate 802 into a uniform or nearly uniform surface light through scattering to achieve the atomization effect. The surface of the display substrate 802 away from the liquid crystal layer 801 is provided with an optical pattern 803 , which transmits the light incident on the display substrate 802 to the surface of the substrate close to the liquid crystal layer 801 .

This embodiment is a preferred embodiment combining Embodiment 4 and Embodiment 6. The prism array structure 8021 , optical scattering structure 8022 and optical pattern 8023 are the same as those in Embodiment 4 and Embodiment 6.

The display substrate provided in this embodiment is provided with a prism array structure on the light exiting surface, with optical scattering structures dispersed inside, and an optical pattern is provided on the light incident surface. Therefore, the display substrate can replace the prism film, the diffusion layer and the light guide plate in the backlight module, so as to achieve the purpose of omitting the prism film, the diffusion layer and the light guide plate. Owing to the omission of three layers of optical films, the thickness, weight and structure of the liquid crystal display are reduced. It should be pointed out that the application of the above-mentioned display substrate in the liquid crystal display device in the above-mentioned embodiments is only a preferred embodiment and not a limitation to the scope of application.

In the above technical solution, optionally, the light source may be a light emitting diode (Light Emitting Diode, LED), a cold cathode fluorescent lamp (Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp, CCFL) and other commonly used light sources for backlighting, and the types thereof are not limited here. And the position of the light source can be direct-type or side-type, including various arrangements of light sources in the current backlight, and the direct-type backlight can omit the light guide plate.

The above-mentioned technical solution has the following beneficial effects: by integrating at least one of a prism array structure, an optical scattering structure, or an optical pattern in the display substrate, the display substrate can function as a scattering plate or a light guide plate, which can be achieved without reducing its optical characteristics. Effectively reduce the overall thickness of the liquid crystal display, reduce weight, and simplify the structure.

The present invention also includes a display device, including the display substrate protected in the above technical solution.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be deemed to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A display substrate, characterized in that, The display substrate has an optical scattering structure, and the optical scattering structure is used to scatter the incident light emitted by the backlight into the display substrate, The optical scattering structure includes at least one of a light-diffusing film layer, scattering particles, and optical patterns, wherein the light-diffusing film layer is arranged on the light incident surface and/or the inner interlayer of the display substrate, and the scattering particles dispersed in the substrate, the optical pattern distributed on the light incident surface of the substrate, Wherein, the optical pattern is a concave-convex structure, dots, and stripes, that is, the optical pattern used by the light guide plate in the backlight source. 2. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein the scattering particles comprise at least one of inorganic particles, organic particles, metal particles, composite material particles, and hollow holes. 3. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein the optical pattern comprises at least one of a dot pattern, a stripe pattern and a concave-convex structure. 4 . The display substrate according to claim 1 , wherein at least one layer of prism array structure is further arranged on the light emitting surface and/or the inner interlayer of the substrate. 5 . The display substrate according to claim 4 , wherein the cross-section of the ribs of the prism array structure is a zigzag or wave shape or a random convex pattern. 6. The display substrate as claimed in claim 4, wherein a transparent protective layer is disposed on the light emitting surface of the prism array structure. 7. The display substrate according to claim 6, wherein the refractive index of the transparent protective layer is smaller than the refractive index of the prism array structure. 8. A display device, comprising the display substrate according to any one of claims 1-7.