CN103062341B - Wind power constant brake yaw cycloid gear box - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wind power yaw deceleration, and relates to a wind power constant brake yaw cycloidal gearbox, which includes three parts: a planet, a cycloid and a brake. It is characterized in that: the cycloid is the assembly of the rim and the spokes, the middle wheel is twice as thick as the two sides, and the phase difference is 180°. The eccentric bearing includes a tapered bearing and an eccentric sleeve. Vice and return spring. The cone disc in the friction pair is connected to the intermediate disc, the first active V-groove disc is connected to the rotor shaft, and there is a steel ball between the driven V-groove disc on one side of the intermediate disc, and the second driven V-groove disc is connected to the output The shaft is splined, and there is a steel ball between the active V-groove disc on the other side of the intermediate disc, and the return spring makes the friction pair compressed. Beneficial effects: the braking torque increases automatically with the increase of the resistance torque, the single-stage reduction ratio is 143, the weight is light, the maintenance is convenient, the axial dimension is short, the cycloidal gear teeth will not break, and the bearing capacity is larger than that of the three planetary gears NGW transmission , 45-55% lower manufacturing cost.

Description

Wind power constant braking yaw cycloidal gearbox

[Technical Field] The present invention relates to the technical field of wind power yaw deceleration, and relates to a wind power constant braking yaw cycloidal gearbox.

[Background Technology] Mainly four-level planetary structure:

①Nanjing High Speed Gear Company "Wind Power Yaw Gearbox" ZL200410064930; ②Chongqing Gear Company "Wind Power Yaw Reduction Gearbox" 200620111262; ③Tailong Group "Wind Power Yaw Reducer" 200910034525; ④Yinchuan Weili Reducer Company" High-power wind power generation yaw reducer" 20112065216; ⑤ Tianjin reducer company "for wind power yaw reducer" 200820075290; ⑥ Sinovel Wind Power Technology Company "wind power yaw reduction gearbox" (200820014549).

Existing problems: (1) The existing gearbox has a low safety factor and is prone to early pitting when subjected to fatigue loads. In addition, fine cracks are prone to appear at the root of the teeth where the stress is concentrated in hobbing, heat treatment and grinding, which does not have high reliability; (2) there are only three planetary gears, obviously the overload capacity will not be too high; (3) the axial length is long and the structure is complex , The price is very high.

In addition: (1) Tianjin reducer company "used for wind power generation yaw reducer" 200320111939.2 is a cycloid + secondary planetary structure, the disadvantages are: the efficiency is reduced by 2 percentage points, and the high-speed cycloid double fulcrum pin structure , so the overload capacity is low and the reliability is poor; (2) Chongqing University "A Secondary Envelope..." 200920127322.7 is a cycloid + cycloid structure, the disadvantage is: the efficiency is reduced by 4 percentage points, and the two output shafts are placed on the end plate The bearing between the hypocycloid wheel and the hypocycloid wheel is 2-3 models larger than the conventional one, and the price is very high; (3) "Three-piece cycloid yaw reducer for wind power generation" (201010174547.5) is a cycloid + three-piece cycloid structure The disadvantages are: ①The "cycloid + tricycloid" structure reduces the efficiency by 4 percentage points, and the phase difference of the three wheels is 120° and cannot achieve dynamic balance; The service life of the reducer; ③The radial clearance of the roller bearing is large, and the cycloidal wheel produces clicks and clicks when it moves in translation. After a long time, there is an impact, which causes the eccentric bearing to be damaged and the reducer to fail.

[Content of the invention] It is an improvement of "three-piece cycloidal yaw reducer for wind power generation" (201010174547.5), providing a wind power constant braking yaw cycloidal gearbox with high reliability, large overload force and the same efficiency as a four-stage planet . The improvement technical scheme is as follows:

(A) Among the three cycloidal wheels, the thickness of the middle wheel is twice that of the equal-thickness wheels on both sides, and the phases of the two are staggered by 180°, which can realize dynamic balance;

(B) Back-to-back tapered roller eccentric bearings are used, and the radial clearance is adjusted to close to zero, which eliminates the vibration generated during the translation of the cycloid wheel;

(C) The cycloidal rim is ground and assembled with cast iron spoke finishing parts. The evenly distributed pin holes of the cast iron spokes can be fine-bored in a vertical machining center to obtain sufficient precision. In order to improve the service life of the surface of the low-hardness pin hole, a wear ring is slipped in the pin hole. The pin hole of the traditional cycloid wheel must be ground on a special grinding machine for the pin hole. Since the cycloid wheel is in a large eccentric position at this time, and the pin hole is small, it must be adjusted to a high static balance to meet the design requirements, and the processing efficiency is extremely low. And it needs to be equipped with special grinding machines for pin holes of various specifications;

(D) The present invention adopts the structural innovation of the double-set steel ball V-shaped groove device, the friction pair and the spring combination, wherein: the double-set steel ball V-shaped groove device is automatically pressurized according to the steel ball V-shaped groove in the mechanical continuously variable transmission Improved device (see page 90 of Ruan Zhongtang's "Mechanical Continuously Variable Transmission"): the first group consists of the active V-groove disc, the driven V-groove disc on one side of the middle disc, and the steel ball in the middle of the V-groove surface of the second disc. Among them, the middle disc is connected with the cone disc; the second group is composed of the active V-groove disc on the other side of the middle disc, the second driven V-groove disc and the steel balls in the middle of the V-groove surface of the second disc, and the steel balls are evenly distributed on the Keep on rack. Working principle: When the power is on, the first group of active V-groove faces the steel ball to generate positive pressure, and its axial component pushes the driven V-groove disc of the intermediate disc to separate the friction pair, the braking torque disappears, and its circumferential component force Drive the output shaft connected with the second set of driven V-shaped groove discs to do work; when the power is off, the input shaft stops, and the resistance torque makes the second driven V-shaped groove face the steel ball to generate positive pressure, and its axial component force The friction pair is pressed tightly, and the braking torque should be as large as possible.

[Beneficial effects] Compared with the invention patent "wind turbine yaw gearbox" (ZL200410064930.X), its creativity is reflected in:

(1) The single-stage reduction ratio can be as high as 143, with compact structure, convenient maintenance and short axial dimension;

(2) The teeth of the cycloidal gear will not be broken, so it has a larger load-carrying capacity and higher reliability than only three planetary gears;

(3) Light weight, 45-55% lower manufacturing cost.

Each wind farm pitch gearbox is worth (132×50,000/set) 6.6 million yuan, so 3.3 million yuan can be saved, and the interest of 3.3 million yuan is enough to pay the wages of 7-8 employees in the wind farm. According to China Wind Energy Association, in 2010, the installed capacity of new wind power was 189GW, equivalent to 380 (33×1.5MW) wind farms, and the value of yaw gearbox was 2.5 billion, so it could save 1.25 billion, far exceeding China's three major The sum of profits of wind power gear companies.

[Description of drawings] Figure 1. Structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention

Figures 2. and 3. are schematic diagrams of the force on the steel ball and the V-groove surface when power is off (braking) and power on (working)

[Specific embodiments] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

With reference to Fig. 1. A kind of wind power constant brake yaw cycloidal gearbox, is made up of planetary part, cycloidal part and braking member, and described planetary part comprises sun gear shaft 27, sun gear W, planetary gear G, internal gear N. The planet carrier 4 and the middle base 19, wherein the internal gear N is connected to the inner end surface of the middle base 19, the sun gear W is installed on the shaft extension end of the sun gear shaft 27, and the sun gear shaft 27 is supported on the inner hole of the end cover 23 by the bearing 24 , the end cover 23 is connected with the front frame 28, the front frame 28 is connected with the middle frame 19, the two sides of the planet carrier shaft 4 are respectively supported by bearings on the inner holes of the output shaft 3 and the middle frame 19, and the inner pendulum The linear components include a machine base 1, a cycloidal wheel assembly, an eccentric bearing mounted on the extension end of the planetary carrier shaft 4, a pin gear housing 22, a pin 36 and a pin-type output mechanism, and the pin-type output mechanism includes an output Shaft 3, column pin 16, column sleeves 8, 13 and first and second load sharing rings 11, 17, the output shaft 3 is supported on the inner hole of the base 1 by the first bearing 2, the base 1, pin teeth The shell 22 and the middle machine base 19 are sequentially connected together, the first load sharing ring 11 is placed between the cycloidal wheels, the second load sharing ring 17 is installed at the end of the column pin 16 and supported on the middle machine by the second bearing 18 On the outer circle of the inner flange of the seat 19, the column pin is a simply supported structure, which improves the bending capacity of the column pin, and is characterized in that:

(1) described cycloidal wheel assembly is that the cycloidal rim connects the cast iron spokes with the seam pin, wherein: the cycloidal rims (10) on both sides connect the first cast iron spokes (7), and the cycloidal rims (21) in the middle ) to connect the assembly of the second cast iron spoke (20), so that the evenly distributed pin holes on the cast iron spoke can be fine-bored in a vertical machining center, which is more accurate than traditional pin holes on a special grinding machine, and the middle cycloidal rim ( 21) The thickness is twice that of the cycloidal rims (10) of equal thickness on both sides, and the phase difference between the middle cycloidal rim (21) and the cycloidal rims (10) on both sides is 180° to achieve dynamic balance and thus make the transmission more stable , the first wear-resistant ring (9) is slidably fitted in the evenly distributed pin holes on the first cast iron spoke (7), and the second wear-resistant ring (14) is slidably fitted in the evenly distributed pin holes on the second cast iron spoke (20) , Theoretical calculations show that due to the small equivalent radius of the wear ring and the pin hole, the contact stress between the wear ring and the pin hole is only one-twentieth of the allowable value, so the low hardness pin hole will not Premature wear, the material of the cast iron spokes is nodular cast iron or high-strength gray cast iron, because the two have good process performance, vibration absorption and casting performance;

(II) The shaft extension end of the planet carrier shaft (4) is provided with an eccentric bearing, and the eccentric bearing includes a first tapered roller bearing (6) and an eccentric sleeve (5) tightly matched to the inner hole, and the second tapered roller bearing ( 15) and the eccentric sleeve (12) tightly matched with the inner hole, the tapered roller bearing is two back-to-back bearing groups, and the radial clearance is controlled to close to zero during assembly;

(III) The input shaft 29 in the brake part is supported on the inner hole of the front frame 28 by bearings, and the inner cavity device connecting the front frame 28 and the middle frame 19 is equipped with a double set of V-groove disc mechanism, a friction pair and a return spring 26, of which:

(III-1) The friction pair includes an inner cone (32) and a cone (31), wherein the inner cone (32) is connected to the inner hole of the front frame (28), and the cone (31) and the double set V The intermediate disc (33) of the grooved disc mechanism is connected;

(III-2) In the double-set V-groove disc mechanism, the first active V-groove disc 30 is connected to the input shaft 29, the side of the intermediate disc 33 is the first driven V-groove disc, and the first active V-groove disc is There is a first steel ball 341 between the grooved disk 30 and the first driven V-shaped grooved disk, the second driven V-shaped grooved disk 35 is slidingly connected with the extension end of the outer spline shaft of the sun gear shaft 27, and the other side of the intermediate disk 33 is There is a second steel ball 34 between the second active V-shaped groove disc and the second driven V-shaped groove disc 35, and the number of evenly distributed steel balls is equal to the number of V-shaped grooves;

(III-3) One end of the return spring 26 is close to the inner bottom of the cup-shaped spring seat 25, and the other end is close to the end face of the second driven V-shaped groove plate 35. The return spring 26 makes the cone plate (31) and the inner cone 32 The friction pair is compressed, and the outer end surface of the cup spring seat 25 is close to the shoulder of the sun gear shaft 27, and there is a gap between the open end of the cup spring seat 25 and the end surface of the second driven V-shaped groove disc 35.

Working principle: When power is applied, the V-groove face of the first active V-groove disc connected to the input shaft generates positive pressure on the steel ball: the axial component pushes the intermediate disc to separate the friction pair, and the braking torque disappears; the circumferential component force Drive the sun gear shaft splined with the second driven V-groove disc to rotate and perform work. Obviously, the function of the V-groove device of the first group of steel balls is a clutch, and the function of the V-groove device of the second group of steel balls is a coupling; when the power is cut off, the input shaft stops, and the resistance torque makes the second driven V-groove The V-shaped groove of the V-shaped groove faces the steel ball to generate positive pressure, and its axial component forces the friction pair to be pressed tightly, so the braking torque can be as large as possible, as long as the friction pair has a sufficiently large allowable specific pressure p to ensure that the gearbox is in high reliability. braking status.

Claims (1)

1. A cycloidal gear box for wind power constant braking yaw, made up of planetary parts, cycloidal parts and braking parts, described planetary parts include sun gear shaft (27), sun gear (W), planetary gear (G ), the internal gear (N), the planet carrier shaft (4) and the middle frame (19), wherein the internal gear (N) is connected to the inner end face of the middle frame (19), and the sun gear (W) is mounted on the sun gear shaft ( 27) The shaft extension end, the sun gear shaft (27) is supported in the inner hole of the end cover (23) by the bearing (24), the end cover (23) is connected with the front frame (28), and the front frame (28) is connected with the middle frame (19) connection, the two sides of the planet carrier shaft (4) are respectively supported by bearings on the output shaft (3) and the inner hole of the middle frame (19), and the cycloidal parts include the frame (1), cycloid wheel assembly, an eccentric bearing mounted on the shaft extension end of the planet carrier shaft (4), a pin gear housing (22), a pin (36) and a pin shaft type output mechanism, and the pin shaft type output mechanism includes an output shaft (3 ), column pin (16), column sleeve (8, 13) and the first load sharing ring (11), the output shaft (3) of the second load sharing ring (17) is supported on the machine with the first bearing (2) The inner hole of the base (1), the base (1), the pin gear housing (22) and the middle base (19) are sequentially connected together, and the first load sharing ring (11) is placed between the cycloidal wheels , the second load sharing ring (17) is mounted on the end of the column pin (16) and is supported on the outer circle of the inner flange of the middle base (19) by the second bearing (18). The column pin is a simply supported structure, which is characterized in that : (1) described cycloidal wheel assembly is that the cycloidal rim connects the cast iron spokes with the seam pin, wherein: the cycloidal rims (10) on both sides connect the first cast iron spokes (7), and the cycloidal rims (21) in the middle ) to connect the assembly of the second cast iron spoke (20), the thickness of the middle cycloidal rim (21) is twice that of the equal-thickness cycloidal rim (10) on both sides, the middle cycloidal rim (21) and the two sides The wire rim (10) has a phase difference of 180°, the first wear-resistant ring (9) is slipped in the evenly distributed pin holes on the first cast iron spoke (7), and the evenly distributed pin holes on the second cast iron spoke (20) Slidingly match the second wear ring (14); (II) The shaft extension end of the planet carrier shaft (4) is provided with an eccentric bearing, and the eccentric bearing includes a first tapered roller bearing (6) and an eccentric sleeve (5) tightly matched to the inner hole, and the second tapered roller bearing ( 15) and the eccentric sleeve (12) tightly matched with the inner hole, the tapered roller bearing is two back-to-back bearing groups; (III) The input shaft (29) of the brake part is supported by bearings in the inner hole of the front frame (28), and the inner cavity device connecting the front frame (28) and the middle frame (19) is double set of V-shaped grooves Disk mechanism, friction pair and return spring (26), wherein: (III-1) The friction pair includes an inner cone (32) and a cone (31), wherein the inner cone (32) is connected to the inner hole of the front frame (28), and the cone (31) and the double set V The intermediate disc (33) of the grooved disc mechanism is connected; (III-2) In the double-set V-groove disc mechanism, the first active V-groove disc (30) is connected to the input shaft (29), and the side of the intermediate disc (33) is the first driven V-groove disc, the first driving V-groove disc (30) and the first driven V-groove disc have a first steel ball (341), the second driven V-groove disc (35) and the sun gear shaft (27) The extension end of the key shaft is slidingly connected, and the other side of the middle plate (33) is the second active V-shaped groove plate, and there is a second steel ball ( 34), the number of uniformly distributed steel balls is equal to the number of V-shaped grooves; (III-3) One end of back-moving spring (26) is close to the inner bottom of cup-shaped spring seat (25), and the other end is close to the end face of the second driven V-shaped groove disc (35), and back-moving spring (26) makes cone disc (31 ) and the friction pair of the inner cone (32), the outer end surface of the cup-shaped spring seat (25) is close to the shoulder of the sun gear shaft (27), and the open end of the cup-shaped spring seat (25) is connected to the second driven V-shaped There is a gap on the end face of the grooved disc (35).