CN103083684B - 一种提高肝片吸虫Cat L1(FhCat L1)DNA疫苗免疫保护率的方法 - Google Patents
一种提高肝片吸虫Cat L1(FhCat L1)DNA疫苗免疫保护率的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种提高肝片吸虫Cat L1(FhCat L1)DNA疫苗免疫保护率的方法,所述方法从提高其抗原在树突状细胞中的呈递作用入手,利用树突状细胞(DC)的表面分子的DEC-205的单链抗体scFvNLDC-145能靶向DC细胞的重要作用机理,提高Spragae-Dawley大鼠在免疫编码FhCat L1的DNA疫苗后对肝片吸虫感染的抵抗力,从而提高FhCat L1的DNA疫苗的免疫保护率。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种提高抗肝片吸虫FhCat L1 DNA疫苗免疫保护率的方法。具体涉及利用树突状细胞(DC)表面分子DEC-205的单链抗体scFvNLDC-145靶向DC细胞,提高Spragae-Dawley大鼠在免疫编码FhCat L1基因的DNA疫苗后对肝片吸虫感染的抵抗力,从而提高抗肝片吸虫Cat L1 DNA疫苗的免疫保护率。
背景技术
肝片吸虫是一种寄生性蠕虫,能引起牛、羊等反刍动物及人的严重吸虫病[1]。在世界范围内,肝片吸虫病直接影响着畜牧业的发展和人类健康,据估计每年可造成约20亿美元的经济损失[2],是一种不可忽视的重要人畜共患寄生虫病。对此病的防治一般采用三氯苯咪唑等化学药物,但这些药物只对早期的未成熟虫体或成虫具有良好效果,对感染后期的治疗不佳。最近发现,家畜已对三氯苯咪唑等化学药物产生耐药性[3-5]。同时,人们对畜产品中化学药物残留量的要求也越来越严格,这给利用化学药物控制吸虫病带来极大困难。因此,防治吸虫病急切需要一种能替代化学药物的治疗方法, 这就给疫苗发展带来了良好契机[6]。
事实上,到目前为止,有很多肝片吸虫的疫苗候选分子如谷胱甘肽S转移酶(GST), 亮氨酸氨肽酶(LAP), 脂肪酸结合蛋白(FABP)及组织蛋白酶 L(Cat L)被用于开发诸如重组蛋白疫苗及DNA疫苗,虽然这些疫苗能在实验动物和大动物上产生一定的免疫保护[7,8],但至今仍没有一种商品化疫苗能投入到临床生产,这在很大程度上受制于疫苗的保护率低下的现状,而这种现状与如何提高抗原的呈递有着密切的关系[9-12]。理想的疫苗应能够刺激机体产生特异性的免疫反应,并能诱导长期持久的免疫记忆以保护机体免受疾病侵袭。作为一种成功的疫苗,其抗原可被抗原提呈细胞 (antigen presentingcells,APC)所提呈,并激活机体免疫系统引起抗原特异性免疫反应。树突状细胞(DC)是已知体内最强的专职抗原提呈细胞,其最大的特点是能够刺激初始T细胞增殖和启动机体免疫反应。单链抗体是一种分子量小,穿透力强,可避免非特异性细胞毒性及免疫原性,目前被认为是最为理想的具有体内特异性导向作用的载体片段[13,14]。DEC205 作为小鼠 DC 表面特异性标志,DEC205 抗体 NLDC-145具有特异靶向 DC 的作用,是体内 DC 修饰的理想载体。所以抗DEC205 的单链抗体可将特定抗原定向呈递给DC,激活初始免疫细胞,使抗原提呈给T细胞,引起有效的抗原特异性免疫反应。
组织蛋白酶L是一种半胱氨酸蛋白酶,通常情况下这种酶以非活性状态存在于分泌囊泡的肠上皮细胞中[15,16],当前体酶活化并被释放后, 寄生虫即可利用活化的组织蛋白酶行使多种重要的功能,如能在肝脏中将蛋白分解为多肽从而利于营养的吸收、降解基质蛋白从而有利于寄生虫从肠道迁移到肝脏[17,18]。研究还表明,组织蛋白酶L还在免疫逃避和免疫调节中发挥重要作用。它可分解宿主的免疫球蛋白从而破坏宿主的免疫攻击,并能介导和调节巨噬细胞的活性、抑制Th1免疫反应[19-21]。
目前,对肝片吸虫组织蛋白酶L的疫苗开发主要集中在重组蛋白疫苗和DNA疫苗的研究上。有研究表明重组肝片吸虫组织蛋白酶L具有与天然蛋白相似的功能[22],且在荷斯坦牛身上免疫后获得了48.2%的减虫率和显著升高的总IgG [23]。在DNA疫苗的研究中,肝片吸虫Cat LDNA疫苗免疫大鼠能获得70%的免疫保护 [24]。然而,要想开发出高效率的抗肝片吸虫的疫苗,这样的免疫保护率仍显不足。因此,如何提高疫苗的保护率就成了目前疫苗开发的热点。
本发明正是着眼于提高肝片吸虫Cat L1 DNA疫苗的免疫保护率,从提高其抗原在树突状细胞中的呈递作用入手,利用树突状细胞(DC)的表面分子DEC-205的单链抗体scFvNLDC-145能靶向DC细胞的重要作用机理,提高Spragae-Dawley大鼠在免疫编码FhCat L1基因的DNA疫苗后对肝片吸虫感染的抵抗力,从而提高肝片吸虫Cat L1 DNA疫苗的免疫保护率。
发明内容
针对肝片吸虫疫苗保护率和疫苗抗原呈递效率低下的现状,本发明主要着眼于提供一种利用DC特异性单链抗体提高肝片吸虫Cat L1(FhCat L1)DNA疫苗免疫保护率的新方法,用于指导抗肝片吸虫DNA疫苗的研发。
本发明采取的技术方案是:
一种提高肝片吸虫Cat L1(FhCat L1)免疫保护率的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
1.运用反转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)扩增目的基因,将扩增得到的Cat L1基因回收后连接入pMD18-T载体,得到pMD-Cat L1(SEQID NO.2);
2.利用大肠杆菌工程菌(Escherichia coli)和真核细胞Cos7表达目的蛋白;
3.Cat L1多克隆抗体的制备;
4.纯化和鉴定目的蛋白;
5.设计合成单链抗体scFvNLDC-145的核苷酸序列(SEQ ID NO.1):用单链抗体片断scFvNLDC-145序列,在其5'和3'分别加入CACC碱基和BamH I序列后进行全基因合成,合成片断命名为SF, 同时合成SF的isotype 序列;
6.构建并鉴定编码scFvNLDC-145及目的蛋白的真核表达质粒:将pVAX1和合成的SF进行体外连接后转化大肠杆菌TOP10,然后提取质粒进行鉴定,测序正确的阳性重组质粒pVAX1- SF及步骤1中获得的pMD-Cat L1分别用BamH I酶切,回收到的目的片段以T4 DNA连接酶连接过夜,连接产物转化到感受态细胞JM109中,提取质粒并进行测序鉴定后获得阳性pVAX1-SF- Cat L1重组质粒(SEQ ID NO.3);
7.动物免疫及感染试验;
8.动物体液及细胞免疫评价;
9.免疫保护率评价。
本发明利用树突状细胞(DC)的表面分子的DEC-205的单链抗体scFvNLDC-145靶向DC细胞,提高Spragae-Dawley大鼠在免疫编码FhCat L1的DNA疫苗后对肝片吸虫感染的抵抗力,从而提高FhCat L1的DNA疫苗的免疫保护率,其优点在于:
1、与非DC靶向DNA疫苗相比,所采用的DC特异性单链抗体能靶向DC细胞,可特异性提高抗原的呈递效率,从而提高免疫保护率(83.1%)。
2、采用的骨架质粒pVAX1为真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1的升级构件,具有更多的技术优势。
3、pVAX1-SF-Cat L1质粒免疫后获得的免疫保护率显著高于对照组,且获得了较pcDNA-Cat L1疫苗(36.3%)高的免疫保护率,也较别的学者以Cat L1为抗原研究的DNA疫苗保护率(70%)高。
本发明技术具有针对性强、效率高、易于操作、效果明显等特点。该技术为肝片吸虫DNA疫苗的开发提供了一种新的方法,适宜在其他肝片吸虫候选疫苗分子上引申应用,对抗肝片吸虫疫苗的研发和生产及肝片吸虫病的免疫防控具有重要的指导意义和应用价值。
附图说明
图1是本发明所构建的疫苗质粒及其结构。
图 2是pVAX1-SF- Cat L1质粒及其isotype的结构。图中scDEC即SF, targetprotein即Cat L1。DEC-H,DEC-L分别为SF的重链和轻链。
图3是单链抗体scFvNLDC-145的核苷酸序列组成(SEQ ID NO.1)。加粗斜体分别为CACC接头序列和BamH I酶切位点;下划线为序列的信号肽 SP,该序列广泛应用于真核表达系统,可促进目的基因表达;斜体下划线序列为Linker(G4S)3;Linker 前为重链 VH,后为轻链 VL(见图2)。
图4是PCR检测scFvNLDC-145,Cat L1及二者连接后的质粒正确性。A为CatL1PCR电泳图,目标长度为720bp。B为scFvNLDC-145PCR电泳图,目标长度为819bp。C为scFvNLDC-145连接Cat L1后PCR电泳图,目标长度为1539bp。
图5中A是 pET32a-Cat L1在大肠杆菌中的表达结果。M为蛋白标准分子量。1,pET32a- Cat L1阳性质粒在BL21(DE3)感受态细胞中的表达,所用条件是37℃1.0mM IPTG诱导4h。2,pET32a空载体;
B是 Cat L1蛋白纯化后SDS-PAGE电泳结果。M为蛋白标准分子量。1-4为纯化后蛋白条带。
图 6中A是 pVAX1-Cat L1转染Cos7细胞后Western blotting结果,1-3为目标蛋白,大小为26.1kD,4为空白对照pVAX1质粒。
B是 pVAX1-SF转染Cos7细胞后Western blotting结果,1-3为目标蛋白,大小为29.6kD,4为空白对照pVAX1质粒。
图7是质粒中目标序列的测序结果(SEQ ID NO.2和SEQ ID NO.3)。
图 8是大鼠免疫后血清中抗体水平。与pVAX1-Cat L1及pcDNA-CatL1相比,pVAX1-SF-Cat L1能刺激大鼠产生显著高水平的IgG1。*,**分别代表与pVAX1-SF-Cat L1组相比差异显著和极显著(p<0.05,p<0.01)。
图 9是外周血细胞因子IL4、IL5和IFNγ的含量。与pVAX1-Cat L1及pcDNA-Cat L1相比,pVAX1-SF-Cat L1能刺激大鼠产生显著高水平的IL4和IL5。*, **分别代表与pVAX1-SF-Cat L1组相比差异显著和极显著(p<0.05,p<0.01)。
图 10是脾细胞增殖反应结果。与pVAX1-Cat L1及pcDNA-Cat L1相比,pVAX1-SF-Cat L1能刺激大鼠脾细胞显著增殖。*代表与pVAX1-SF-Cat L1组相比差异显著(p<0.05)。
图 11是疫苗免疫后受囊蚴感染攻击后成活的虫体数量。与pVAX1-Cat L1及pcDNA-Cat L1相比,pVAX1-SF-Cat L1使大鼠中虫体成活数量较pVAX1组显著降低。*代表与pVAX1组相比差异显著(p<0.05)。
具体实施方式
本发明具体的方法按如下步骤操作:
1. 运用反转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)扩增目的基因
根据GenBank收录的肝片吸虫Cathepsin L1(登录号AY573569.1)序列(序列ORF总长720bp,蛋白大小26.1KDa),应用Oligo 5.0设计特异性克隆(P1,P2)。P1- 5' CCGGATCCGTA CTG ACT ATT GGA TTGTG3', P2-5' CC GAATTCTCA CGG AAA TCG TGC CAC CA 3', 在克隆引物P1,P2的上下游分别引入BamH I和EcoR I酶切位点(划线部分)。肝片吸虫Cat L1的总RNA提取采用Trizol试剂盒进行,反转录后进行PCR扩增。反应条件为:95℃预变性5min,95℃ 40s,55℃ 45s,72℃ 60s,30个循环。 最后72℃延伸10min。每次PCR设阳性和空白对照。将扩增得到的Cat L1基因回收后连接入pMD18-T载体(pMD-Cat L1),转化入大肠杆菌感受态细胞JM109中,培养后提取质粒进行初步1.0%琼脂糖凝胶电泳鉴定后测序确定序列的正确性。
2. 利用大肠杆菌工程菌(Escherichia coli)表达和纯化目的蛋白
应用Oligo 5.0设计特异性表达引物Pe1, Pe2,Pe1-5' GGGAATTCCATATGGTA CTG ACT ATT GGA TTG TG 3', Pe2-5`-CGG CTCGAG TCA CGG AAA TCG TGC CAC CA 3', 并在其上下游分别引入Nde I和Xho I酶切位点(划线部分)。以阳性质粒pMD-Cat L1为模板,用表达引物Pe1, Pe2进行扩增, 反应条件为:95℃预变性5min,95℃45s,56℃ 40s,72℃ 60s,30个循环。 最后72℃延伸10min。将扩增得到的带酶切位点的Cat L1基因回收后进行Nde I和 Xho I酶切,所得片断与同样经Nde I和 Xho I酶切的pET32a载体连接过夜(4℃),构建pET32a- Cat L1表达质粒。转化阳性质粒入BL21(DE3)感受态细胞,培养后提取质粒进行测序鉴定。选取经PCR鉴定为阳性的质粒转化大肠杆菌后进行体外IPTG诱导表达。当转化后的细菌在37℃生长至OD600nm的浓度为0.6时加入1mM IPTG诱导4小时,将所得细菌6000g离心30min后获取沉淀并称重。然后按1g/5ml His-Tag结合缓冲液的比例加入缓冲液后作用20min,然后用超声波反复作用30次(条件为24KHz, 30sec开, 30sec关)。将处理后产物于6000g离心30min,取上清,并利用His-Tag融合蛋白纯化试剂盒进行纯化, 然后用PBS缓冲液透析24小时后备用。蛋白浓度测定采用Coomasie proteinassay测定。
3.Cat L1多克隆抗体的制备
将5只6-7周龄雌性SD大鼠分别后腿肌肉注射30μg/只的纯化后的CatL1蛋白,总共进行3次免疫,每次间隔1周,最后1次免疫后1周采血分离血清备用。抗体的浓度测定采用Coomasie protein assay测定。
4.Western blotting鉴定目的蛋白
将步骤2中利用His-Tag融合蛋白纯化试剂盒纯化后的蛋白进行SDS-PAGE(30V, 1h)电泳后转至尼龙膜上进行Western blotting鉴定。将膜用15ml 1×TBS清洗2次后加入5%脱脂奶粉TBS液封闭未结合蛋白位点。经过2次1×TTBS再清洗后,将尼龙膜抚育在多克隆抗体中1h,用所获得的Cat L1多克隆血清(1:300稀释),再经2次1×TTBS清洗后加入羊抗鼠IgG(1:5000) 孵育8h,经2次1×TTBS清洗后加入发光底物Chemi Glow,然后进行成像处理以鉴定蛋白的表达情况。
5.设计合成单链抗体scFvNLDC-145的核苷酸序列(SEQ ID NO.1)
根据文献[25]报道的单链抗体片断scFvNLDC-145序列,在其5'和3'分别加入CACC碱基和BamH I序列后进行全基因合成,合成片断命名为SF, 同时合成SF的isotype 序列。
6.质粒pVAX1- SF-Cat L1的构建
将pVAX1和合成的SF进行体外连接后转化大肠杆菌TOP10,然后提取质粒进行鉴定,测序正确的阳性重组质粒pVAX1- SF及方法1中获得的pMD-Cat L1分别用BamH I酶切,回收到的目的片段以T4 DNA连接酶连接过夜,连接产物转化到感受态细胞JM109中,利用质粒提取试剂盒(QIANGEN)提取质粒并进行测序鉴定后获得阳性pVAX1-SF- Cat L1重组质粒。疫苗的设计和构建示意图见图1,2。
7.质粒的体外转染及鉴定
经过柱分离纯化后的阳性重组子pVAX1-SF-Cat L1,pVAX1-ISOSF-Cat L1及pVAX1空质粒,分别用质体介导法转染至70-85%单层Cos7细胞, 即准备两个Eppendorf 管,在第一管中加入1.25μg质粒和500μl Opti-MEM I(invitrogrn)。在第二管中加入2μl lipofectamine和500μl Opti-MEM I。5min后将两管混合并再作用20min后,将此1000μl混合液与3ml70-85%单层Cos7细胞(含有10%FCS的RMPI1640)混合并孵育5min。将细胞清洗2次后于1100g离心1min,然后再与3ml10%FCS的RMPI1640 37℃孵育48h。收集细胞培养液,12,000g 离心5min后分别收集上清和细胞沉淀。上清液经离心沉淀后,用所获得的Cat L1多克隆血清(1:300稀释)或SF抗体(1:500),羊抗鼠IgG(1:5000) 发光底物Chemi Glow进行Western Blotting鉴定质粒的表达情况。
8.DNA质粒的大量制备
将阳性质粒转染至大肠杆菌后接种500ml 含有50μg/ml氨苄西林的LB培养基中,37℃培养16h。将培养物于4℃ 6000g离心30min后收集沉淀,并按照QIAGEN-tip 500试剂盒说明进行质粒的大量提取。获得的质粒用UV260nm测定其浓度后储存于4℃备用。
9.肝片吸虫囊蚴的获取
从自然感染肝片吸虫的牛粪便中收集虫卵并置于平皿中于室温孵育18天,然后将虫卵暴露在光线下刺激2h以获取毛蚴。将2只毛蚴感染1只截口土蜗,然后正常饲喂截口土蜗68天。此后即可收集囊蚴。将收集到的囊蚴置于透明玻璃纸,于4℃储存备用。
10.动物免疫,感染试验及保护率评估
将70只6-8周龄雌性SD大鼠随机分成7组,每组10只,分别在腿部肌肉注PBS 空白对照,40μg/只pVAX1空质粒,pVAX1-Cat L1,pVAX1-SF,pVAX1-ISOSF-Cat L1,pVAX1-SF-Cat L1和pcDNA-Cat L1(对照质粒,由实验室保存)质粒,总共进行2次免疫,每次间隔7天。第2次免疫后14天将其中35只大鼠采血1次进行抗体水平测定,同时将其中的35只(每组5只)用作囊蚴感染,每只大鼠经口感染30个囊蚴,在感染后63天即可处死大鼠,根据最后获得的肝片吸虫数量来评估疫苗保护率。
11.动物体液免疫评估
采用间接ELISA对肝片吸虫特异性IgG1和IgG2a进行测定,即应用本试验pET32a表达载体表达的CatL1蛋白(5mg/ml,50μl/孔)包被96孔ELISA平板,于4℃过夜。 然后用200μl 4%BSA PBS/孔孵育,在进行2次TBST洗涤后加入50μl/孔的倍比系列稀释的血清(起始浓度1:100),于4℃孵育过夜。将平板洗涤后加入1:6000稀释的IgG1或1:4000稀释的IgG2a,并于室温孵育2h,然后加入50μl/孔的50% TMB-50%H2O2显色,当出现蓝色时加入50μl/孔1MmH2SO4终止反应并于450nm读数OD值。抗体效价的判定标准为:取大于标准差3倍的O.D值所对应的最大稀释度为抗体效价。
12.动物细胞免疫评估
采用夹心ELISA对肝片吸虫感染引起的外周血中细胞因子水平进行测定,所用试剂均为商品试剂盒。分别于96孔板加入50μl/孔的捕获抗体(IL4,1:500;IL5,1:500;IFNγ,1:250)进行抗体包被,并于4℃过夜。在用200μl 4%BSA PBS/孔孵育2h后分别加入50μl/孔倍比倍稀释的标准抗体(起始浓度IL4,8ng/ml;IL5,10ng/ml;IFNγ,50ng/ml)及50μl/孔的血清样品,并于4℃过夜。洗涤3次后加入生物素标记的抗体(终浓度IL4,IL5,IFNγ1μg/ml),于室温孵育1h后加入AMDEX链霉亲和素孵育30min。洗涤3次后加入50μl/孔50% TMB-50%H2O2显色,当出现蓝色时加入50μl/孔1MmH2SO4终止反应并于450nm读数OD值。
13.T细胞增殖试验
于大鼠第二次免疫后14天获取大鼠脾脏,在无菌条件下获取脾单细胞培养物,用红细胞裂解液处理后重悬细胞,以106/孔的细胞密度在96孔板上培养脾细胞(培养液为Sigma 公司的RPMI-1640)。然后分别加入重组表达的CatL1蛋白(10μg/ml),刀豆蛋白A (ConA, 1μg/ml)进行体外刺激培养。以RPMI基础培养基作为对照组。培养48小时后,加入10% Alamar Blue(Invitrogen)后24小时于540nm读取OD值,以此测定T细胞的体外增殖情况。
注:所有数据采用Graphpad Prism 4.0软件进行处理,使用ANOVA方法并结合Mann Whitney U test进行分析处理, P≤0.05判为差异显著,P≤0.001判为差异极显著。
实验例:
本发明主要分为两大板块。一是设计并构建实验所需质粒,一是对疫苗免疫大鼠的效果评价。以下将结合附图进行详细阐述:
一、设计并构建实验所需质粒
首先,为获取候选疫苗基因FhCat L1,将从牛体肝脏中获取的新鲜虫体用于提取mRNA(具体提取方法见QIAGEN mRNA试剂盒)。然后将用RT-PCR方法获取FhCat L1基因的cDNA及所需要的ORF片断,并将其连接到pMD-18克隆载体中,形成pMD-Cat L1质粒,然后进行PCR测序鉴定(见图4),测序结果见图7(SEQ ID NO.2),与预期结果完全吻合。
接下来就进行FhCat L1 ORF片断的表达,此时可用设计好的引物(Pe1,Pe2)以pMD-Cat L1为模板,扩增目标基因片断,构建表达质粒pET32a- Cat L1,经测序等鉴定为阳性质粒后转化入大肠杆菌感受态细胞BL21(DE3),在37℃和适当浓度IPTG的刺激下获得高度表达的Cat L1蛋白,然后将此蛋白经His-Tag柱纯化后透析,最后收获蛋白,蛋白浓度为1.54mg/ml。整个蛋白的表达见图5,其中A为蛋白在1mMIPTG刺激下获得的SDS-PAGE蛋白条带,B为过柱纯化后获得的片断SDS-PAGE蛋白条带,所有条带大小均符合蛋白预期分子量。
在运用western blotting方法鉴定此蛋白前,需要获得Cat L1的多克隆抗体,为此,将5只6-7周龄雌性SD大鼠分别后腿肌肉注射30μg/只的纯化后的Cat L1蛋白,总共进行3次免疫,每次间隔1周,最后1次免疫后1周采血分离血清 用于western blotting。
在获得Cat L1的多克隆抗体后,将方法2中利用His-Tag融合蛋白纯化试剂盒纯化后的蛋白进行SDS-PAGE(30V, 1h)电泳后转至尼龙膜上进行Western blotting鉴定。将膜用15ml 1×TBS清洗2次后加入5%脱脂奶粉TBS液封闭未结合蛋白位点。经过2次1×TTBS再清洗后,将尼龙膜抚育在多克隆抗体中1h,用所获得的CatL1多克隆血清(1:300稀释),再经2次1×TTBS清洗后加入羊抗鼠IgG(1:5000) 孵育8h,经2次1×TTBS清洗后加入发和光底物Chemi Glow,然后进行成像处理以鉴定蛋白的表达情况。结合在真核细胞Cos7中的表达(图 6A)并进行的Western blotting鉴定,可以确定所获得的目的蛋白为正确的FhCat L1蛋白。
然后设计合成单链抗体scFvNLDC-145的核苷酸序列。根据文献报道的单链抗体片断scFvNLDC-145序列,在其5'和3'分别加入CACC碱基和BamH I序列后进行全基因合成,合成片断命名为SF, 同时合成SF的isotype 序列。其中的isotype 序列是SF的同形异构体,不具有特异结合DEC205的功能。具体的结构见图3,其中加粗红色斜体分别为CACC接头序列和BamHI酶切位点;下划线为序列的信号肽 SP,该序列广泛应用于真核表达系统,可促进目的基因表达;黄色序列为Linker(G4S)3;Linker前为重链 VH,后为轻链 VL(见图2)。
合成scFvNLDC-145的核苷酸序列后即可构建质粒pVAX1- SF-Cat L1。将pVAX1和合成的SF进行体外连接后转化大肠杆菌TOP10,然后提取质粒进行鉴定,测序正确的阳性重组质粒pVAX1- SF及方法1中获得的pMD-Cat L1分别用BamH I酶切,回收到的目的片段以T4 DNA连接酶连接过夜,连接产物转化到感受态细胞JM109中,利用质粒提取试剂盒(QIANGEN)提取质粒并进行测序鉴定后获得pVAX1-SF- Cat L1阳性质粒。然后PCR鉴定(见图3),并进行序列测定(见图7(SEQ ID NO.3)),所得结果证明序列完全正确,获得pVAX1- SF-Cat L1阳性质粒,与此质粒同时构建的还有其他几个质粒(见图1),分别都进行了鉴定后宣告本实验所需要的所有质粒构建完成。接下来要进行动物试验,其前提是要获得足够的质粒,所以进行了DNA质粒的大量制备方法是将阳性质粒转染至大肠杆菌后接种500ml 含有50μg/ml氨苄西林的LB培养基中,37℃培养16h。将培养物于4℃ 6000g离心30min后收集沉淀,并按照QIAGEN-tip 500试剂盒说明进行质粒的大量提取。获得的质粒用UV260nm测定其浓度后储存于4℃备用。
二、对疫苗免疫大鼠的效果评价
在获得大量质粒后,需要对大鼠进行免疫,并对免疫效果进行评价。在获得大量肝片吸虫囊蚴后(见方法9),本试验将将70只6-8周龄雌性SD大鼠随机分成7组,每组10只,分别在腿部肌肉注PBS 空白对照,40μg/只pVAX1空质粒,pVAX1-Cat L1,pVAX1- SF,pVAX1-ISOSF-Cat L1,pVAX1-SF-Cat L1和pcDNA-Cat L1(对照质粒,由实验室保存)质粒,总共进行2次免疫,每次间隔7天。第2次免疫后14天将其中35只大鼠采血1次进行抗体水平测定,同时将其中的35只(每组5只)用作囊蚴感染,每只大鼠经口感染30个囊蚴,在感染后63天即可处死大鼠,采集血液和脾脏以备实验。
在接下来的动物体液免疫评估中,采用间接ELISA对肝片吸虫特异性IgG1和IgG2a进行测定,即应用本试验pET32a表达载体表达的CatL1蛋白(5mg/ml,50μl/孔)包被96孔ELISA平板,于4℃过夜。 然后用200μl 4%BSA PBS/孔孵育,在进行2次TBST洗涤后加入50μl/孔的倍比系列稀释的血清(起始浓度1:100),于4℃孵育过夜。将平板洗涤后加入1:6000稀释的IgG1或1:4000稀释的IgG2a,并于室温孵育2h,然后加入50μl/孔的50% TMB-50%H2O2显色,当出现蓝色时加入50μl/孔1MmH2SO4终止反应并于450nm读数OD值。抗体效价的判定标准为:取大于标准差3倍的O.D值所对应的最大稀释度为抗体效价。所得的抗体效价见图8,结果显示pVAX1-SF-Cat L1免疫可刺激机体产生高滴度的IgG1,且IgG1的水平较IgG2a高。pVAX1空质粒,pVAX1-Cat L1,pVAX1-SF,pVAX1-ISOSF-Cat L1和pcDNA-Cat L1免疫大鼠后产生的IgG1均显著低于pVAX1-SF-Cat L1,但在IgG2a上,组间无统计学差异。
动物细胞免疫评估采用夹心ELISA对肝片吸虫感染引起的外周血中细胞因子水平进行测定,所用试剂均为商品试剂盒。分别于96孔板加入50μl/孔的捕获抗体(IL4,1:500;IL5,1:500;IFNγ,1:250)进行抗体包被,并于4℃过夜。在用200μl 4%BSA PBS/孔孵育2h后分别加入50μl/孔倍比倍稀释的标准抗体(起始浓度IL4,8ng/ml;IL5,10ng/ml;IFNγ,50ng/ml)及50μl/孔的血清样品,并于4℃过夜。洗涤3次后加入生物素标记的抗体(终浓度IL4,IL5,IFNγ1μg/ml),于室温孵育1h后加入AMDEX链霉亲和素孵育30min。洗涤3次后加入50μl/孔50% TMB-50%H2O2显色,当出现蓝色时加入50μl/孔1MmH2SO4终止反应并于450nm读数OD值。结果见图9,显示pVAX1-SF-CatL1能刺激大鼠产生IL4和IL5,且较pVAX1空质粒,pVAX1-Cat L1,pVAX1-SF和pcDNA-Cat L1显著增加,而IFNγ的规律却与IL4和IL5不同,各组间无明显差异。
为进行T细胞增殖试验,于大鼠第二次免疫后14天获取大鼠脾脏,在无菌条件下获取脾单细胞培养物,用红细胞裂解液处理后重悬细胞,以106/孔的细胞密度在96孔板上培养脾细胞(培养液为Sigma 公司的RPMI-1640)。然后分别加入重组表达的CatL1蛋白(10μg/ml),刀豆蛋白A (ConA, 1μg/ml)进行体外刺激培养。以RPMI基础培养基作为对照组。培养48小时后,加入10% Alamar Blue(Invitrogen)后24小时于540nm读取OD值,以此测定T细胞的体外增殖情况。图10表明,与pVAX1-Cat L1及pcDNA-Cat L1相比,pVAX1-SF-Cat L1能刺激大鼠脾细胞显著增殖。
最后,本研究对疫苗的保护效率进行了直观评价,于第2次免疫后14天将将其中的35只(每组5只)用作囊蚴感染,每只大鼠经口感染30个囊蚴,在感染后63天即可处死大鼠,根据最后获得的肝片吸虫数量来评估疫苗保护率。保护率的计算按照(pVAX1空质粒免疫组的虫体数量减去pVAX1-SF-Cat L1或pcDNA-Cat L1免疫组虫体的数量)除以pVAX1空质粒免疫组的虫体数量的百分数来记录。试验结果(见图11),pVAX1-SF-Cat L1获得83.1%保护率,而对照组pcDNA-Cat L1却只获得36.3%减虫率。
本发明利用树突状细胞(DC)的表面分子DEC-205的单链抗体scFvNLDC-145靶向DC细胞,提高了Spragae-Dawley大鼠在免疫编码FhCat L1的DNA疫苗后对肝片吸虫感染的抵抗力,从而提高了FhCat L1 DNA疫苗的免疫保护率,且与常用的以pcDNA3.1为骨架且无DC靶向的疫苗(本研究为pcDNA--Cat L1)相比,具有很大的技术优势,可用于我国抗肝片吸虫病DNA疫苗的开发。
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SEQ ID NO.1
<110> 西南大学
<120> 一种提高肝片吸虫Cat L1(FhCat L1)DNA疫苗免疫保护率的方法
<160> 3
<170> PatentIn version 3.5
<210> 1
<211> 814
<212> DNA
<213> scFvNLDC-145 with CACC and BamH I
caccgccgcc accatggatt ttcaggtgca gattttcagc ttcctgctaatcagtgcctc 60
agtcataata tccagaggag aggtgaagct gcagcagtct ggaactgaagtggtaaagcc 120
tggggcttca gtgaagttgt cctgcaaggc ttctggctac atcttcacaagttatgaata 180
gactgggtga ggcagacgcc tgaacaggga cttgagtgga ttggatggatttttccggag 240
aggggagtac tgaatacaat gagaagttca agggcagggc cacactgagtgtagacaagt 300
cctccagcac agcctatatg gagctcacta ggctgacatc tgaggactctgctgtctatt 360
tctgtgctag aggggactac tataggcgct actttgactt gtggggccaagggaccacgg 420
tcaccgtctc ctcaggcggc ggtggatcag gtggcggagg ttctggcggt ggtgggtccg 480
acatccagat gacccagagc ccctccttcc tctctaccag tctgggcaactccatcacca 540
tcacctgcca cgccagccag aacatcaagg gctggctggc ctggtaccacaaaagagcgg 600
caacgccccc cagctgctca tctacaaggc cagctccctg cagtccggcgtgcccagccg 660
cttctccggc tctggttctg gcaccgacta catcttcacc atctccaacctccagcccga 720
ggacatcgcc acctactatt gccagcacta ccagtccttc ccctggaccttcggcggtgg 780
aaccaagctg gagatcaagc gcgccgctgg atcc814
SEQ ID NO.2
<210> 2
<211> 726
<212> DNA
<213> Cat-L1 in pM-Cat-L1 plasmid
atgccacgcg cgtccgatat actctcacac ggtatcccgt atgaggcgaacaaccgtgcc 60
gtacccgaca aaattgactg gcgtgaatct ggttatgtga cgggggtgaaagatcaggga 120
aactgtggtt cctgttgggc tttctcaaca accggtacta cggagggacagtatatgaaa 180
aacgagagaa ctagtatttc attctctgag caacaactgg tcgattgtagcggtccttgg 240
ggaaataatg gttgcggtgg tggattgatg gaaaatgcat atgaatatttgaaacaattt 300
ggattggaaa ccgaatcctc ttatccgtac acggctgtag aaggtcagtgtcgacacagt 360
aagcagttag gagttgccaa agtgactggc tactacactg tgcattctggcagtgaggta 420
gaattgaaaa atctagtcgg tgccgaaaga cctgccgcgg tcgctgtggatgtggaatct 480
gacttcatga tgtacaggag tggtatttat cagagccaaa cttgttcaccgcttagtgtg 540
aatcatgcag tcttggctgt cggttatgga acacagggtg gtactgactattggattgtg 600
aaaaatagtt ggggattgtc gtggggtgag cgcggttaca ttcgaatggttaggaaccga 660
ggtaacatgt gtggaattgc ttcgctggcc agtctcccga tggtggcacgatttccgtga 720
gaattc726
SEQ ID NO.3
<210> 3
<211> 1542
<212> DNA
<213> SF-Cat L1 in pVAX1- SF-Cat L1 plasmid
aagcttgccg ccaccatgga ttttcaggtg cagattttca gcttcctgctaatcagtgcc 60
tcagtcataa tatccagagg agaggtgaag ctgcagcagt ctggaactgaagtggtaaag 120
cctggggctt cagtgaagtt gtcctgcaag gcttctggct acatcttcacaagttatgat 180
atagactggg tgaggcagac gcctgaacag ggacttgagt ggattggatggatttttcct 240
ggagagggga gtactgaata caatgagaag ttcaagggca gggccacactgagtgtagac 300
aagtcctcca gcacagccta tatggagctc actaggctga catctgaggactctgctgtc 360
tatttctgtg ctagagggga ctactatagg cgctactttg acttgtggggccaagggacc 420
acggtcaccg tctcctcagg cggcggtgga tcaggtggcg gaggttctggcggtggtggg 480
tccgacatcc agatgaccca gagcccctcc ttcctctcta ccagtctgggcaactccatc 540
accatcacct gccacgccag ccagaacatc aagggctggc tggcctggtaccagcaaaag 600
agcggcaacg ccccccagct gctcatctac aaggccagct ccctgcagtccggcgtgccc 660
agccgcttct ccggctctgg ttctggcacc gactacatct tcaccatctccaacctccag 720
cccgaggaca tcgccaccta ctattgccag cactaccagt ccttcccctggaccttcggc 780
ggtggaacca agctggagat caagcgcgcc gctgaattcc cacgcgcgtccgatatactc 840
tcacacggta tcccgtatga ggcgaacaac cgtgccgtac ccgacaaaattgactggcgt 900
gaatctggtt atgtgacggg ggtgaaagat cagggaaact gtggttcctgttgggctttc 960
tcaacaaccg gtactacgga gggacagtat atgaaaaacg agagaactagtatttcattc 1020
tctgagcaac aactggtcga ttgtagcggt ccttggggaa ataatggttgcggtggtgga 1080
ttgatggaaa atgcatatga atatttgaaa caatttggat tggaaaccgaatcctcttat 1140
ccgtacacgg ctgtagaagg tcagtgtcga cacagtaagc agttaggagttgccaaagtg 1200
actggctact acactgtgca ttctggcagt gaggtagaat tgaaaaatctagtcggtgcc 1260
gaaagacctg ccgcggtcgc tgtggatgtg gaatctgact tcatgatgtacaggagtggt 1320
atttatcaga gccaaacttg ttcaccgctt agtgtgaatc atgcagtcttggctgtcggt 1380
tatggaacac agggtggtac tgactattgg attgtgaaaa atagttggggattgtcgtgg 1440
ggtgagcgcg gttacattcg aatggttagg aaccgaggta acatgtgtggaattgcttcg 1500
ctggccagtc tcccgatggt ggcacgattt ccgtgagaat tc1542
Claims (1)
1.一种提高肝片吸虫Cat L1(FhCat L1)DNA疫苗免疫保护率的疫苗pVAX1-
SF-Cat L1,所述疫苗pVAX1- SF-Cat L1采用以下步骤制备:
1)运用反转录聚合酶链式反应RT-PCR扩增目的基因肝片吸虫Cat L1,将扩增得到的Cat L1基因回收后连接入pMD18-T载体,获得pMD-Cat L1, pMD-Cat-L1 中 Cat-L1 序列为SEQ ID NO.2;
2)利用大肠杆菌工程菌(Escherichia
coli)和真核细胞Cos7表达目的蛋白;
3) 制备 Cat L1多克隆抗体;
4) 纯化和鉴定目的蛋白;
5) 设计合成单链抗体scFvNLDC-145的核苷酸序列SEQ ID NO.1:用单链抗体片段scFvNLDC-145序列,在其5'加入CACC碱基,在3'加入BamH I序列后进行全基因合成,合成片段命名为SF, 同时合成SF的isotype 序列;
6) 构建并鉴定编码scFvNLDC-145及目的蛋白的真核表达质粒:将pVAX1和合成的SF进行体外连接后转化大肠杆菌TOP10,然后提取质粒进行鉴定,测序正确的阳性重组质粒pVAX1- SF及步骤1中获得的pMD-Cat L1分别用BamH I酶切,回收到的目的片段以T4 DNA连接酶连接过夜,连接产物转化到感受态细胞JM109中,提取质粒并进行测序鉴定后获得pVAX1-SF- Cat L1阳性质粒,pVAX1- SF-Cat L1中SF-Cat L1序列为SEQ ID NO.3。
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| 李晓娟 等.肝片吸虫组织蛋白酶L基因的克隆、表达和免疫原性分析.《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》.2009,第27卷(第3期),195-199. |
| 肝片吸虫组织蛋白酶L基因的克隆、表达和免疫原性分析;李晓娟 等;《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》;20090630;第27卷(第3期);195-199 * |
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