CN103135428B - Time telling control device structure for ancient astronomical clock tower - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of astronomical instruments, in particular to a structure of a time-telling control device used for an ancient water astronomical instrument platform. Including the wooden pavilion, the sky wheel, the dial wheel, the drum wheel of the day clock, the correct wheel for the beginning of the hour, the engraved division wheel, the more chip wheel, the night arrow wheel, the timekeeping support and the timekeeping axis; the wooden pavilion is divided into three parts from top to bottom. The wooden pavilion is fixed on the frame of the model of the astronomical instrument platform. There are three doors on the first floor of the wooden pavilion, and one door is set on the second to fifth floors respectively; Connect the center of the sky wheel, tooth-setting machine wheel, day clock drum wheel, hour-beginning wheel, hour-revealing division wheel, more-chip wheel and night-arrow wheel in turn from bottom to bottom, and insert it into the time-telling support to fix it. The time-telling support is installed on It is mounted on the frame of the hydrometeor model and can be rotated, and the sky wheel is connected with the power output system of the hydrometeor model; the automatic timing demonstration function of the hydrometeor timekeeping device is completed through the design of the buckle bell mechanism.

Description

A time-telling control device structure used in the ancient water transport instrument and observatory

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of astronomical instruments, and in particular relates to a structure of a time-telling control device used for an ancient water transport instrument platform.

Background technique

The Water Transport Instrument and Observatory is a large-scale astronomical instrument designed by Su Song and others during the Yuanhu period of the Northern Song Dynasty (1086-1093 A.D.). It integrates automatic timing, astronomical observation and astrology demonstration, and represents ancient Chinese astronomical observation, machinery manufacturing and architecture. The highest level of engineering, etc., condenses the outstanding achievements in astronomy, calendar, metallurgy, casting, mechanical technology and construction engineering during the peak period of ancient Chinese science and technology. It is the most representative major invention in the history of ancient Chinese science and technology.

Due to the importance of time to agricultural production, China has a history of more than two thousand years of research and creation of timing devices. The invention of the Chinese timer went through a simple to complex process, from the sundial, the clepsydra to the time telling device on Zhang Heng's hydraulic astronomical instrument. Beginning in the Kaiyuan period of the Tang Dynasty, a fairly complex mechanical timing device was obviously installed on the hydraulic astronomical instruments, and the effect of automatic timekeeping was achieved by means of ringing bells, bells, drums, and puppet holding the stars. According to the "Xin Yixiang Fayao", the time telling device of the water transport Yixiang platform is composed of a wooden pavilion and seven time telling wheels. Among them, the wooden pavilion is divided into five floors. There are three doors on the first floor of the wooden pavilion. Whenever a certain hour starts, the red-clothed Sichen on the left door rings the bell. Whenever a certain moment comes, the green-clothed minister in the middle gate beats the drums. Every time in the middle of a certain hour, the purple-clothed minister at the right door strikes the bell. But, all do not provide for the realization process and concrete structure of ringing the bell, beating the drum and ringing the bell in the time-telling device of the water transport instrument and image platform recorded in "Xin Yi Xiang Fa Yao".

Contents of the invention

In order to realize the automatic timing demonstration function of the time-telling device recorded in "Xin Yi Xiang Fa Yao", the purpose of the present invention is to provide a structure of the time-telling control device used for the ancient water-carrying device, so as to realize the ringing bell, striking Actions like drums and bells.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:

Including the wooden pavilion, the sky wheel, the tooth wheel, the drum wheel of the day clock, the correct wheel for the beginning of the hour, the hour wheel, the watch wheel, the night arrow wheel, the time signal support and the time axis;

The wooden pavilion is divided into the first floor to the fifth floor from top to bottom. The wooden pavilion is fixed on the frame of the model of the astronomical instrument platform. The first floor of the wooden pavilion is equipped with three doors, and the second floor to the fifth floor are respectively equipped with doors. a door;

From top to bottom, the telling shaft is connected to the center of the sky wheel, tooth-setting machine wheel, day clock drum, hour-beginning wheel, hour-marking wheel, shifting chip wheel, and night arrow wheel, and is inserted into the time-telling support to fix the time. The support is installed on the frame of the hydrographic instrument platform model and can rotate, and the sky wheel is connected with the power output system of the hydrographic instrument platform model;

The first floor of the wooden pavilion is opposite to the position of the drum of the day clock. There are three wooden figures on the first floor of the wooden pavilion, namely Feisichen at the left gate, Lvsichen at the middle gate and Zisichen at the right gate; Twelve middle pins of 46-50 mm are evenly installed along the circumference of the drum to correspond to the time-reporting Zhengsichen of the Shichuzheng wheel, triggering the bell of Feisichen at the left door on the first floor of the wooden pavilion; 12 long pins of 62-65mm are evenly installed to correspond to the beginning of the clock and the beginning of the time, triggering the Zisi Chen buckle bell at the right door on the first floor of the wooden pavilion 1, the middle pins and the long pins are staggered, and the adjacent The central angles between the two middle pins and the long pins are equal; 100 short pins of 30-40 mm are evenly installed along the circumference on the day clock drum to correspond to the engraved hours of the engraved wheel, triggering the first moment of the wooden pavilion. The green minister at the middle gate on the first floor beats the drum; when a certain hour begins, the red minister at the left gate rings the bell, and at the end of a certain moment, the green minister at the middle gate beats the drum; , the purple-clothed minister at the right door strikes the bell;

The second floor of the wooden pavilion is opposite to the position of the Shichu positive wheel. There are 24 time-reporting divisions on the Shichu correcting wheel, which are respectively opposite to the positions of the middle pin and the long pin;

The third floor of the wooden pavilion is opposite to the position of the time-reporting division wheel, and 100 time-reporting divisions are set on the division division wheel, corresponding to the positions of the short pins;

The fourth floor of the wooden pavilion is opposite to the position of Gengchalun. There are 38 Genchipun pins on the Genqilun. , Five Watches and sunrise, the time-telling chen in the wooden door on the fourth floor hits the golden gong; by adjusting the position and angle of the watch wheel, the time difference caused by different seasons can be corrected;

The fifth floor of the wooden pavilion is opposite to the position of the night arrow wheel. There are 38 time-telling divisions on the night-arrow wheel. time;

The bell is fixed on the first floor of the wooden pavilion, the fixed structure is fixed on the wooden pavilion, the trigger structure and the fixed structure are connected by pins, and at the same time, the two ends of the spring are respectively fixed on the trigger structure and the fixed structure; the trigger structure is located on the second floor of the wooden pavilion. Above the horizontal level of the first floor, higher than the middle pin and not higher than the long pin, it is matched with the long pin; when the spring is in a non-deformed state, the bell hammer on the trigger structure is in contact with the inner surface of the clock, and when the wheel rotates, the wheel The pin on the trigger contacts the trigger structure, compresses the spring, and the hammer on the trigger structure is separated from the clock. When the wheel rotates through a certain angle, the trigger structure is separated from the latch, and the spring is released, driving the trigger structure to reset, making the trigger structure The bell hammer and the bell complete the knocking process;

Drums, bells, and gongs use the same striking structure as bells; the triggering structures of the drums are respectively located above the horizontal plane of the first floor of the wooden pavilion, not higher than the height of the short pins, and cooperate with the short pins; the triggering structures of the bells are respectively located on the first floor of the wooden pavilion. Above the horizontal level of the first floor, it is higher than the short bolt and not higher than the middle bolt, and cooperates with the middle bolt; the gong is located on the fourth floor of the wooden pavilion, and cooperates with the Gengcholun bolt.

Described sky wheel, tooth-setting machine wheel, day clock drum wheel, the beginning of the hour positive wheel, the division division hour wheel, more chip wheel and night arrow wheel are all parallel to the ground.

The diameters of the long pin, the middle pin and the short pin circle on the described day clock drum are different, the short pin is on the outermost circle, the middle pin is on the middle circle, and the long pin is on the innermost circle.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the automatic timing demonstration function of the timekeeping device of the water transport instrument and image platform recorded in "Xin Yi Xiang Fa Yao" can be completed through the joint action of the trigger structure, the spring, the fixing structure and the bolt, and is suitable for popular science teaching.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention.

Accompanying drawing 2 is the structural representation of the time telling wheel of the present invention.

Accompanying drawing 3 is the schematic diagram of the structural principle of the striking bell of the present invention.

Accompanying drawing 4 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the day clock drum pins of the present invention.

Labels in the figure:

1- wooden pavilion; 2- sky wheel; 3- tooth-setting machine wheel; 4- day clock drum wheel; ;

Detailed ways

The present invention provides a structure of a timekeeping control device used in an ancient water transport instrument station. The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

Referring to Fig. 1, the structure includes a wooden pavilion 1, a sky wheel 2, a tooth-setting machine wheel 3, a daytime clock drum wheel 4, a regular wheel 5 at the beginning of time, a 6-hour report and engraved wheel, a 7-chip wheel, and an 8-night arrow wheel. Timekeeping support 9 and timekeeping shaft 10.

The wooden pavilion 1 is divided into the first floor to the fifth floor from top to bottom. The wooden pavilion 1 is fixed on the frame of the model of the water transport instrument platform. The first floor of the wooden pavilion 1 is provided with three doors, and the second floor to the fifth floor Each layer has a door.

As shown in Figures 2 and 4, the reporting shaft 10 is sequentially connected from top to bottom with the sky wheel 2, the tooth setting machine wheel 3, the day clock drum wheel 4, the beginning of the hour wheel 5, the hour marker wheel 6, and the chip wheel 7 and the center of night arrow wheel 8 are inserted into the timekeeping support 10 and are fixed, and each wheel is all parallel to the ground; The PTO connection of the elephant platform model.

The first floor of the wooden pavilion 1 is opposite to the drum 4 of the day clock. There are three wooden figures on the first floor of the wooden pavilion 1, which are Feisichen at the left gate, greensichen at the middle gate, and Zisichen at the right gate; On the day clock drum 4, 12 middle pins of 46-50mm are evenly installed along the circumference to correspond to the time-reporting Zhengsichen of the first wheel 5 at the beginning of the day, triggering the bell of the left door Feisichen on the first floor of the wooden pavilion 1; 12 long bolts of 62-65mm are evenly installed along the circumference on the clock drum 4, corresponding to the first hour of the first positive wheel 5, triggering the Zisichen buckle bell on the right door of the first floor of the wooden pavilion 1, the middle bolt and the long bolt. The pins are distributed in a staggered manner, and the center angles between the two adjacent middle pins and the long pins are equal; 100 short pins of 30-40 mm are evenly installed along the circumference on the drum 4 of the day clock and the engraving of the engraved wheel 6 Corresponding to the Sichen, trigger the green Sichen at the middle door on the first floor of Muge 1 to beat the drum; , the green-clothed minister at the middle gate beats the drum, and every time in the middle of a certain hour, the purple-clothed minister at the right gate strikes the bell.

The second floor of the wooden pavilion 1 is opposite to the Shichu positive wheel 5. There are 24 time-reporting divisions on the Shichu correcting wheel 5, which are respectively opposite to the positions of the middle pin and the long pin;

The third floor of the wooden pavilion 1 is opposite to the position of the time-reporting division wheel 6, and 100 time-reporting divisions are arranged on the division division wheel 6, corresponding to the positions of the short bolts respectively.

The fourth floor of the wooden pavilion 1 is opposite to the position of the more chips wheel 7. There are 38 more chips on the wheel 7. On the fourth floor of the wooden pavilion 1, there are 38 time-telling clocks corresponding to the more chips. , every time at sunset, five watch and sunrise, the timekeeper in the wooden door on the fourth floor strikes the golden gong; by adjusting the position and angle of the watch wheel, the time difference caused by different seasons can be corrected.

The fifth floor of the wooden pavilion 1 is opposite to the position of the night arrow wheel 8, and the night arrow wheel 8 is provided with 38 time-telling divisions, each of which corresponds to the timing division in the fourth floor of the wooden pavilion 1. Show specific time of night.

As shown in Figure 3, the clock 12 is fixed on the first floor of the wooden pavilion 1, the fixed structure 14 is fixed on the wooden pavilion 1, the trigger structure 13 is connected with the fixed structure 14 by a pin 18, and at the same time, the two ends of the spring 15 are respectively fixed On the trigger structure 13 and the fixed structure 14; the trigger structure 13 is located above the level of the first floor of the wooden pavilion 1, higher than the middle pin and not higher than the long pin, and cooperates with the long pin.

Drums, bells, and gongs use the same striking structure as Bell 12; the triggering structures of the drums are respectively located above the level of the first floor of the wooden pavilion, not higher than the height of the short pins, and cooperate with the short pins; the triggering structures of the bells are respectively located in the wooden pavilion Above the horizontal level of the first floor, it is higher than the short bolt and not higher than the middle bolt, and cooperates with the middle bolt; the gong is located on the fourth floor of the wooden pavilion, and cooperates with the Genchoulun bolt.

Taking the bell ringing action as an example, the working principle of the present invention is: when the spring 15 is in a non-deformed state, the bell hammer on the trigger structure 13 is in contact with the inner surface of the bell 12, and when the wheel disc 17 rotates, the hammer on the wheel disc 17 The latch 16 is in contact with the trigger structure 13, compresses the spring 15, and the hammer on the trigger structure 13 is separated from the bell. When the wheel 17 turns over a certain angle, the trigger structure 13 is separated from the latch 16, and the spring 15 is released, driving the trigger structure 13 Reset, make the bell hammer on the trigger structure 13 and the bell complete the knocking process.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of timekeeping control structure that is used for the astronomical instrument platform model is characterized in that, comprises wooden pavilion (1), sky wheel (2), set tooth machine wheel (3), day clock drum wheel (4), time The first positive wheel (5), the timekeeping wheel (6), the more chips wheel (7), the night arrow wheel (8), the timekeeping support (9) and the timekeeping shaft (10); The wooden pavilion (1) is divided into the first floor to the fifth floor from top to bottom, and the wooden pavilion (1) is fixed on the frame of the water transport instrument platform model, and the first floor of the wooden pavilion (1) is provided with three doors, There is a door on each of the second floor to the fifth floor; The telltale shaft (10) is sequentially connected with the sky wheel (2), the tooth-setting machine wheel (3), the day clock drum wheel (4), the correct wheel for the beginning of the hour (5), the clock wheel (6), and the clock wheel (6) from top to bottom. The center of the chip wheel (7) and night arrow wheel (8) is inserted into the time reporting shaft (10) and is fixed, and the time reporting shaft (10) is installed on the frame of the hydroplane model, and can rotate, and the sky wheel (2 ) is connected with the power output system of the instrument platform model of the hydrometer; The first floor of the wooden pavilion (1) is opposite to the day clock drum (4), and three wooden figures are set on the first floor of the wooden pavilion (1), namely Feisichen at the left gate, Lusichen at the middle gate, and Lusichen at the middle gate. Right door Zisi Chen; 12 middle pins of 46-50 mm are evenly installed along the circumference on the day clock drum (4) to correspond to the time-reporting Zhengsi Chen of the correct wheel (5) at the beginning of the day, triggering the wooden pavilion (1) first The left door of the first floor is ringing bells; 12 long bolts of 62-65 mm are evenly installed along the circumference on the day clock drum (4) to correspond to the beginning of the hour with the first wheel (5), triggering the wooden pavilion ( 1) On the right door of the first floor, the Zisi Chen buckle bell, the middle pins and long pins are distributed alternately, and the central angles between the two adjacent middle pins and long pins are equal; on the day clock drum (4) along the circumference Install 100 short pins of 30-40mm on average to correspond to the hourly hour of the hourly hour wheel (6), triggering the drumming of the green hour of the middle door on the first floor of the wooden pavilion (1); when a certain hour starts At the hour, the red-clothed minister at the left door rings the bell, and at the end of a certain moment, the green-clothed minister at the middle door beats the drum, and at the middle of a certain hour, the purple-clothed minister at the right door rings the bell; The second floor of the wooden pavilion (1) is opposite to the correct wheel (5) at the beginning of time. There are 24 time-reporting clocks on the correct wheel (5), which are respectively opposite to the positions of the middle pin and the long pin; sometimes; The third floor of the wooden pavilion (1) is opposite to the position of the time-reporting division wheel (6), and 100 time-reporting divisions are arranged on the division division wheel (6), corresponding to the positions of the short pins respectively; The fourth floor of the wooden pavilion (1) is opposite to the chip-changing wheel (7) position, 38 chip-changing wheel bolts are set on the chip-changing wheel (7), and 38 chip-changing wheel pins are set on the fourth floor of the wooden pavilion (1). The time-telling chen corresponding to the pin of the wheel, every sunset, five watch and sunrise, the time-telling chen in the wooden door on the fourth floor hits the golden gong; by adjusting the position and angle of the wheel, it can be corrected due to different seasons. time difference; The fifth floor of the wooden pavilion (1) is opposite to the position of the night arrow wheel (8). There are 38 time-telling divisions on the night-arrow wheel (8). Corresponding to the hours and hours, it is used to display the specific time at night; Bell (12) is fixed on the first floor of wooden pavilion (1), and fixed structure (14) is fixed on the wooden pavilion (1), trigger structure (13) is connected with fixed structure (14) by pin (18), simultaneously , the two ends of the spring (15) are fixed on the trigger structure (13) and the fixed structure (14) respectively; Bolt, cooperate with the long bolt; Drums, bells, and gongs adopt the same striking structure as the bell (12); the triggering structures of the drums are respectively located above the horizontal plane of the first floor of the wooden pavilion, not higher than the height of the short pins, and cooperate with the short pins; the triggering structures of the bells are respectively located at Above the horizontal level of the first floor of the wooden pavilion, it is higher than the short pins and not higher than the middle pins, and cooperates with the middle pins; the gong is located on the fourth floor of the wooden pavilion, and cooperates with the gengcholun pins. 2. a kind of timekeeping control structure for the astronomical instrument platform model according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described sky wheel (2), tooth setting machine wheel (3), day clock drum wheel (4) , the first positive wheel (5) at the beginning of time, the hourly hour wheel (6), the more chip wheel (7) and the night arrow wheel (8) are all parallel to the ground. 3. a kind of timekeeping control structure for the astronomical instrument platform model according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the diameter of the long pin on the described day clock drum (4), middle pin and short pin place circumference Different, the short pin is on the outermost circle, the middle pin is on the middle circle, and the long pin is on the innermost circle.