CN103196647B - Human head impacting test device - Google Patents

Abstract

A human head impact test device includes a bracket, an impact mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a sample hanging basket, a head sling, and the like. There is a lifting mechanism on the top of the bracket, and the lifting mechanism is connected to the electromagnet through the lifting wire rope; the slider is nested on the upper beam of the bracket, and connected to the sample hanging basket suspended in the bracket; the travel switch and the speedometer are installed on the front beam of one side of the bracket; the base of the bracket The buffer energy-absorbing device is installed; the head sling is hung on the upper beam of the bracket; the impact mechanism uses two vertically installed guide columns on the bracket as the guiding mechanism to realize vertical impact. The invention is simple and reasonable in structure and easy to operate; after the impact object hits the head and collides with the buffer energy-absorbing device, the buffer energy-absorbing device can be automatically raised, thereby avoiding secondary collisions and making data collection more reliable; The frame and sling simulate the real load characteristics of the human body during impact, making the test results more valuable.

Description

Human head impact test device

technical field

The invention mainly relates to a human body injury biomechanical test equipment, in particular to a human head impact test device.

Background technique

Due to limitations in ethics, storage and transportation, etc., it is difficult to obtain human samples, and it is also difficult to carry out biomechanical tests in this area. How to use limited samples to obtain comprehensive and effective test data is very important.

At present, some human head impact tests have been carried out abroad, mainly by removing the head or fixing the torso. Yoganandan et al. (1995) removed the head and fixed it on the experimental equipment to conduct experiments with the impact head, and the head was fixed during the experiment; Verschueren et al. (2007) and Delye et al. (2007) are also The head is removed and installed on a freely rotating swing arm, and the impact head is used to hit the head. In the experiment, the head can rotate around the center of rotation with the swing arm; Hodgson et al. (1970) removed the head It is suspended and fixed with an elastic rope, and the impact head is used to hit the head. In the experiment, the head can overcome the elastic rope and move during the impact; Japanese patent (JP2010-91382A) uses a swing arm type drop hammer to impact the fixed human head.

The head experimental devices involved in the above-mentioned documents and patents can obtain the impact force on the head, and provide data support for the research on the damage mechanism and tolerance limit of the head. However, when these devices are tested, the load condition of the human head is not consistent with the free state of the human head in real traffic accidents, and the influence of the neck on the response of the head is also ignored. Therefore, the present invention provides a test device that can satisfy the load state of the human head in real traffic accidents to the greatest extent.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a human head impact test device, which can obtain parameters such as impact velocity and impact force during collision.

To achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

A human head impact test device, including a bracket fixed on the ground, a fixed pulley mechanism and a lifting mechanism installed on the top of the bracket, a speed control mechanism installed on a column of the bracket, and the lifting mechanism passes through a rope, a fixed pulley mechanism and an electromagnetic Iron lifting impact mechanism, characterized by:

The speed at which the impact mechanism hits the test object can be automatically controlled by the speed control mechanism and the electromagnet and the speed at the time of collision is measured;

The speed control mechanism takes the speed control plate as the base, and a vertical waist hole is opened on the upper and lower sides of the speed control plate, and is connected to a column of the bracket by adjusting the locking screw up and down, so that the position of the speed control mechanism can be adjusted up and down; There is a long waist hole inside the speed control mechanism. Use bolts to install a travel switch on the upper part of the long waist hole to adjust the travel switch up and down. Use bolts to install a non-contact photoelectric speedometer at the bottom of the long waist hole to adjust the non-contact photoelectric speed measurement up and down. instrument; height engraved on the inner side of the long waist hole.

Furthermore, two parallel guide rails are arranged at the front end of the bracket, and the impact mechanism moves up and down along the two parallel guide rails through a linear bearing.

Further, round holes are opened on the left and right sides of the impact plate and linear bearings are installed respectively, and the linear bearings slide on the two parallel guide rails at the front end of the bracket; a round hole is opened in the middle of the impact plate, and an impact hammer and an impact force sensor are installed; A counterweight is installed through a screw above the center of the impact plate, and a round hole is opened in the center of the counterweight to avoid the impact hammer; a speed control rod is installed through a screw on the side near the speed control mechanism at the front of the impact plate.

Further, the head sling is composed of a sling and a rubber rope, and is hung on the front end of the bracket through the rubber rope. The sling is made of soft fabric and has a shape close to the human head after being opened.

Further, the sample hanging basket is hung inside the bracket; four waist holes in the left and right directions are set on the bottom plate, side plates are installed vertically on the left and right sides, and fixed by side plate adjusting bolts; the side plates are vertically opened with waist holes. hole, through which the sample fixing rod passes, and is fixed by four width adjusting nuts; the pressure plate is fixed on the sample fixing rod, and the pressure plate is composed of a steel plate on the upper part and a soft large friction material on the lower part; Connected with the hanging basket spring, the lower end of the hanging basket steel wire rope is connected in series with the hanging basket spring, and the upper end is connected with the front and rear adjustment sliders; the front and rear adjustment sliders are nested in the dovetail groove of the upper beam of the bracket and can be locked by the slider The screws are locked tightly.

Further, a deceleration mechanism of the impact mechanism is installed on the bottom plate of the bracket.

As can be seen from the above, the present invention has the following advantages as a human head impact test device:

1. The present invention suspends the human body sample by means of a spring rope and a rubber rope, which can simulate the free state of the human body during impact, and is closer to the state of the human body in a real collision accident, making the test results more valuable;

2. The deceleration mechanism installed on the bottom plate in the present invention can automatically elongate after being impacted by the impact mechanism, which can avoid the secondary collision between the head and the impact mechanism in the test, so that the obtained impact force can accurately reflect the impact of the sample head. tolerance limit;

3. The impact track is fixed, which can ensure the repeatability and controllability of the experimental impact position;

4. The sample hanging basket of the present invention is connected with the bracket by a slider, which can fine-tune the placement position, height, and level of the test sample to ensure that it collides with the designated sample position;

5. The test operation is simple and repeatable.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural perspective view of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sample hanging basket;

Fig. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the assembly of the upper beam slider of the bracket;

Fig. 4 is a side view of the impact mechanism;

Fig. 5 is an axonometric view of the speed control mechanism;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the head sling.

in:

1. Bracket 2. Guide rail

3. Speed reduction mechanism 4. Head sling

5. Speed control mechanism 6. Impact mechanism

7. Fixed pulley mechanism 8. Lifting mechanism

9. Sample hanging basket 401. Sling

402. Rubber rope 501. Non-contact photoelectric speedometer

502. Speed control board 503. Height marking line

504. Travel switch 505. Up and down adjustment locking screw

601. Speed control lever 602. Impact plate

603. Linear bearing 604. Hanger

605. Electromagnet 606. Impact hammer

607. Compression spring 608. Large washer

609. Counterweight 610. Impact sensor

901. Side plate adjustment screw 902. Bottom plate

903, side plate 904, basket spring

905. Basket wire rope 906. Front and rear adjustment sliders

907. Slider locking screw 908. Pressing plate

909, sample fixing rod 910, width adjusting nut

Detailed ways

The specific technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawings 1-6.

As shown in Figure 1, the human head impact test device includes a support 1 fixed on the ground, a fixed pulley mechanism 7 and a lifting mechanism 8 installed on the top of the support 1, a speed control mechanism 5 installed on a column of the support; The sample hanging basket 9 inside the support 1 .

Wherein, lifting mechanism 8 lifts impact mechanism 6 through rope, fixed pulley mechanism 7 and electromagnet 605;

Two parallel guide rails 2 are arranged at the front end of the bracket 1, so that the impact mechanism 6 moves vertically up and down along the two parallel guide rails 2 through the linear bearing 603 under the action of the lifting mechanism 8, so as to ensure the repeatability and controllability of the impact position of the impact hammer 606 sex.

As shown in Figure 2-3, the sample hanging basket 9 is suspended inside the bracket 1; four waist holes in the left and right directions are set on the bottom plate 902, and side plates 903 are vertically installed on the left and right sides, and the bolts 901 are adjusted by the side plates. fixed; the side plate 903 is vertically provided with a waist hole, through which the sample fixing rod 909 passes, and is fixed by four width adjusting nuts 910; The steel plate and the soft large friction material of the lower part are composed; the sample hanging basket 9 can adjust the relevant structure according to the size of the sample body to more stably fix the torso of the sample.

The upper corners of the two side plates 903 are all connected with the hanging basket spring 904, the lower end of the hanging basket steel wire rope 905 is connected in series with the hanging basket spring 904, and the upper end is connected with the front and rear adjustment slider 906 to simulate the free state of the human body during the collision.

The front and rear adjustment slider 906 is nested in the dovetail groove of the upper beam of the support 1, and the sample hanging basket 9 can be adjusted back and forth to a suitable position to ensure that the impact hammer 606 can collide with the designated position of the sample head; , can be locked by the slider locking screw 907;

The deceleration mechanism 3 of the impact mechanism 6 is installed on the bottom plate of the support 1, and the deceleration mechanism 3 can extend a certain length after colliding with the impact mechanism 6, so as to prevent the impact mechanism 6 from colliding with the sample head again.

As shown in Figure 4, round holes are symmetrically opened on the left and right sides of the impact plate 602 and linear bearings 603 are installed respectively; the linear bearings 603 slide vertically on the two parallel guide rails 2 at the front end of the bracket 1; Open a round hole in the middle, install the impact hammer 606 and the impact force sensor 610, and the impact hammer 606 with different impact shapes can be replaced according to the needs; the screw holes are evenly arranged around the round hole of the impact plate 602, so as to replace the matching with different quality according to the impact quality. A weight 609 ; a round hole is opened in the center of the counterweight 609 to avoid the impact hammer 606 .

The speed control rod 602 is installed by screws on the side near the speed control mechanism 5 at the front of the impact plate 602. According to the width of the speed control rod 602 and the time it passes through the non-contact photoelectric speedometer 501, the speed control rod 602 can be calculated. The speed when passing through the non-contact photoelectric velocimeter 501.

As shown in Figures 5-6, the speed control mechanism 5 uses the speed control plate 502 as the base, and a vertical waist hole is opened on the upper and lower sides of the speed control plate 502, and is connected to the upper and lower adjustment locking screws 505. On a column of the support 1, the position of the speed control mechanism 5 can be adjusted up and down; a long waist hole is arranged on the inner side of the speed control mechanism 5, and a travel switch 504 is installed on the top of the long waist hole by a bolt to adjust the travel switch 504 up and down to realize The electromagnet 605 is separated from the hanger 604 at the required height; the non-contact photoelectric speedometer 501 is installed at the bottom of the long waist hole by bolts, and the non-contact photoelectric speedometer 501 is adjusted up and down to ensure that the impact mechanism 6 is measured at the moment of collision. The speed of the speed; engraved on the inside of the long waist hole height score line 503, to facilitate the adjustment of the height of the impact mechanism 6.

The head sling 4 is made up of a sling 401 and a rubber cord 402, and is hung on the front end of the support 1 by the rubber cord 402. The sling 401 is a soft fabric and has a shape close to the head of a human body when opened; the pulling force of the rubber cord 402 Slightly larger than the gravity of the head, but the collision force will be far greater than the gravity of the head, that is, far greater than the pulling force of the rubber cord 402, so the rubber cord 402 will not have a great impact on the collision force while maintaining the head orientation.

Experimental process of the present invention is as follows:

Before the experiment, by adjusting the side plate adjustment bolt 901 and the sample fixing rod 909 in the sample hanging basket 9, the test body is fixed in the sample hanging basket 9, and the slider 906 is adjusted before and after moving, so that the head of the sample is at the position required by the impact hammer 606. Position, and fixed by the slider lock screw 907.

Before the experiment, the height of the deceleration mechanism 4 should be adjusted to be slightly lower than the highest point of the head of the test body by 3-8cm, so as to avoid interference with the test and prevent secondary impacts at the same time.

According to the needs of the test, the counterweight 609 of specified quality is not installed or selected. The impact hammer 606 in the impact mechanism 6 can be pulled down for a certain distance, so as to load and unload the counterweight 609 .

Adjust the position of the non-contact photoelectric velocimeter 501 so that its lower end is level with the highest point of the sample head. When the speed control rod 601 passes over the non-contact photoelectric velocimeter 501, the speed information at the moment of impact can be collected.

The invention installs a lifting mechanism 6 composed of an electric motor and a winch wheel on the top of the support 1. The lifting mechanism 8 lifts the impact mechanism 6 through a rope, a fixed pulley mechanism 7 and an electromagnet 605. The speed at which the impact mechanism 6 hits the test object can pass the speed. The control mechanism 5 and the electromagnet 605 automatically control and measure the speed of the collision. When the speed control rod 601 bumps into the travel switch 504, the electromagnet 605 is powered off, and the impact mechanism 6 falls to complete an impact test.

Although the present invention has been disclosed in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that these descriptions are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the application of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims, and may include various changes, modifications and equivalent solutions for the invention without departing from the protection scope and spirit of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a human body head impact test apparatus, comprise the support (1) being fixed on ground, the fixed pulley mechanism (7) being arranged on support (1) top and hoisting gear (8), the speed control mechanism (5) be arranged on support one root post, hoisting gear (8) promotes beater mechanism (6) by rope, fixed pulley mechanism (7) and electromagnet (605), it is characterized in that:

The speed of beater mechanism (6) impact test object can Negotiation speed control gear (5) and electromagnet (605) control and measure speed when colliding automatically;

Speed control mechanism (5) with speeds control plate (502) for matrix, upper and lowerly a vertical waist hole is respectively opened in speeds control plate (502) outside, be connected on a root post of support (1) by up-down adjustment lock-screw (505), can the position of up-down adjustment speed control mechanism (5); A long lumbar hole is provided with in speed control mechanism (5) inner side, utilize bolt long lumbar hole top install travel switch (504) with up-down adjustment travel switch (504), utilize bolt bottom long lumbar hole equipped with non-contact light electric tachometer (501) with up-down adjustment non-contact type photoelectricity knotmeter (501); Height groove (503) is carved with inside long lumbar hole;

Head hangs pocket (4) by hanging pocket (401) and elastic string (402) forms, be suspended on support (1) front end by elastic string (402), hang the shape of pocket (401) for soft fabric and after opening and human body head close;

It is inner that sample hanging basket (9) hangs on described support (1); Sample hanging basket is used for the trunk of fixed sample, and ensures that ram hammer can collide with sample header assigned address, thus the free state of human sample in simulated crash process; Base plate (902) is offered the waist hole of four left and right directions, in left and right sides at right angle setting side plate (903), fixed by side plate adjusting bolt (901); (903) vertically have waist hole to described side plate, and sample fixed bar (909) extends there through, and are fixed by four width adjusting nuts (910); Pressing plate (908) is fixed on described sample fixed bar (909), and described pressing plate (908) is made up of the steel plate on top and the large friction material of the softness of bottom; Two pieces of upper angles of side plate (903) are all connected with hanging basket spring (904), and connect with described hanging basket spring (904) in hanging basket wire rope (905) lower end, upper end is connected with front and back adjusting slider (906); Described front and back adjusting slider (906) are nested in described support (1) upper beam dovetail groove, lock by slider locking screw (907).

2. human body head impact test apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: arrange two parallel guide rails (2) in support (1) front end, beater mechanism (6) is moved up and down along two parallel guide rails (2) by linear bearing (603).

3. human body head impact test apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: offer circular hole in shock plate (602) left and right sides and install linear bearing (603) respectively, the two piece closed slides (2) of described linear bearing (603) in support (1) front end are upper to be slided; Offer circular hole in the center of shock plate (602), ram hammer (606) and shock sensors (610) are installed; Install balancing weight (609) in top, shock plate (602) center by screw, described balancing weight (609) center is opened circular hole and is avoided ram hammer (606); Screw installation rate control lever (601) is passed through in the anterior side near speed control mechanism (5) of shock plate (602).

4. human body head impact test apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the reducing gear (3) support (1) base plate being provided with beater mechanism (6).