CN103216486A - Hydraulic cylinder - Google Patents
Hydraulic cylinder Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103216486A CN103216486A CN2013101350722A CN201310135072A CN103216486A CN 103216486 A CN103216486 A CN 103216486A CN 2013101350722 A CN2013101350722 A CN 2013101350722A CN 201310135072 A CN201310135072 A CN 201310135072A CN 103216486 A CN103216486 A CN 103216486A
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- cylinder
- hydraulic cylinder
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- pressure relief
- plunger case
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- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 244000208734 Pisonia aculeata Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010727 cylinder oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003305 oil spill Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009993 protective function Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a hydraulic cylinder, which consists of an end cover, a cylinder body, a piston rod, a piston and a sealing piece. A pressure relief groove is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder at a position corresponding to the end of the travel of the piston, is evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall of the cylinder body and is an inclined groove. The bottom of the pressure relief groove and the axis of the cylinder body form an included angle of 8-15 degrees. A pull-back cylinder is used for stopping a plunger type cylinder at the end of the travel of the piston. When the piston gets close to the end of the travel, pressure oil on the piston side of the hydraulic cylinder is drained through the pressure relief groove, so as to reduce the pushing force of the hydraulic cylinder and protect the hydraulic cylinder. The pressure relief groove does not damage a sealing ring; and when the sealing ring is drawn back together with the piston, the sealing ring can be well guided back into a sealing groove and is not damaged.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hydraulic equipment, is a kind of oil hydraulic cylinder.
Background technique
Common oil hydraulic cylinder is made up of end cap, cylinder body, piston rod, piston, seal ring spare as shown in Figure 1.The general method that prevents ultralimit is a backstop.In the accompanying drawing 1 end cap by bolt with or cylinder body link together, form backstop, can limit the oil hydraulic cylinder range.Also have the mode of electrical equipment interlock protection to prevent ultralimit in addition.But oil hydraulic cylinder is in debugging and running, under unusual conditions such as misoperation, non-loaded or apparatus failure, oil hydraulic cylinder stretch out or be withdrawn into the limit after continue to apply oil pressure, thrust hydraulic cylinder or pulling force exceed the mechanical connection intensity of end cap and cylinder body, will go out extreme limit of travel.The damage of this burst often causes the equipment significant trouble and can't recover for a long time, and we need a kind of device to protect oil hydraulic cylinder, and can recover proper functioning rapidly after unusual condition is eliminated.
For example the plunger case of metallurgy industry heavy plate mill automatic thickness control employing is shown in accompanying drawing 2, accompanying drawing 3.It is that external force such as weight is regained that plunger case relies on retract cylinder and roller on its four angles.The general diameter 500～1600mm of oil hydraulic cylinder that present heavy plate mill is adopted, hydraulic cylinder works pressure is up to about 280bar, and thrust hydraulic cylinder is maximum above 6000 tons.Because this plunger case area is very big, very little oil pressure will produce very big thrust on oil hydraulic cylinder, so often be difficult to be provided with common mechanical limits such as end cap protection.The thrust of plunger case is considerably beyond retracting the limit that cylinder can bear.So the simple method that retracts cylinder restriction plunger case stroke that adopts is unworkable, plunger case is often gone out the limit and is damaged.Through collecting the broken fragments analysis, seal ring is bearing pressure and is deviating from the cylinder sleeve short time set, and part is extruded the seal groove on the piston, can't restore.Cut off by piston and cylinder sleeve in plunger case pressure release falling process then, this is the direct source of damage.Iff preventing the oil hydraulic cylinder ultralimit by spacing measures such as backstops according to the conventional method, then backstop must consider to bear the thrust hydraulic cylinder under the maximum system pressure.Therefore the backstop that needs can be very huge, and be subjected to spatial constraints, large-scale backstop can't be set herein.In case similar fault takes place, it is long not only to overhaul the replacing time, and oil hydraulic cylinder maintenance expenses height.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide a kind of oil hydraulic cylinder that can eliminate above-mentioned prior art defective, can realize oil hydraulic cylinder overtravel limit protection.
Technological scheme of the present invention:
Oil hydraulic cylinder is made up of end cap, cylinder body, piston rod, piston, seal ring, it is characterized in that: open gas pressure relief slot at inboard wall of cylinder block corresponding to the piston stroke terminal position.
Gas pressure relief slot is along the inboard wall of cylinder block circumference uniform distribution, and gas pressure relief slot is a valley gutter, and the bottom becomes 8～15 ° of angles with the cylinder body axis.
Make backstop with retracting cylinder at the piston stroke end.
After inboard wall of cylinder block was opened gas pressure relief slot, seal ring can not damage after back and forth by gas pressure relief slot.Near the hydraulic cylinder travel latter end time, the pressure oil in the oil hydraulic cylinder is let out and removed, thereby thrust hydraulic cylinder is reduced to be no more than the safety range of end cap or backstop ability to bear by gas pressure relief slot.
The gas pressure relief slot bottom becomes 8～15 angles with the cylinder body axis; so not only help the seal ring of slightly deformed in the pressure leak process is led back groove on the piston; and put from pressure release and can realize between the limit travel that the pressure release flow becomes positive correlation with displacement; it is enough low that oil hydraulic cylinder oil pressure after surpassing pressure release point can be dropped to rapidly, with the protection oil hydraulic cylinder.
Be to eliminate deflection, thereby make the circumferential gap between piston and the cylinder barrel even, prevent that seal ring is extruded groove on the piston from the slit larger part, the piston of oil hydraulic cylinder and piston rod will have good guiding and the basic deflection of eliminating in whole pressure leak process.
The oil pressure of oil hydraulic cylinder remnants need be provided with mechanical stop at the piston stroke latter end during for the opposing pressure release.This backstop can stop it to continue motion when hydraulic cylinder piston reaches end of travel.This backstop can be that the part of oil hydraulic cylinder itself also can be other device of oil hydraulic cylinder outside.With retract cylinder at the piston stroke end to plunger case as a kind of backstop, have better cushioning effect.
The present invention has the following advantages: offers gas pressure relief slot, near the stroke latter end time, the pressure oil of hydraulic cylinder piston side let out and removed, thereby reduce thrust hydraulic cylinder, be no more than the backstop limit by gas pressure relief slot, thus the protection oil hydraulic cylinder; Gas pressure relief slot itself can not damage seal ring, and the intact importing of seal ring can be returned seal groove when seal ring is regained with piston, and is unlikely damage.Just, exceed working stroke, oil hydraulic cylinder is protected automatically; Get back to working stroke, oil hydraulic cylinder can recover proper functioning voluntarily.
Description of drawings
The common hydraulic cylinder structure schematic representation of Fig. 1.
Fig. 2 is a plunger case profile schematic representation.
Fig. 3 is the plunger case structure diagram.
Fig. 4 is plunger case of the present invention and gas pressure relief slot structural representation.
Fig. 5 is for retracting the cylinder structure schematic representation.
Among the figure: 1-end cap, 2-cylinder body, 3-piston rod, 4-piston, 5-hydraulic cylinder sealing circle, 6-retract cylinder, 7-plunger case, 8-plunger, 9-gas pressure relief slot, 10-pressing plate, 11-plunger case seal ring, 12-cylinder sleeve, 13-retract the cylinder piston, 14-retract cylinder end cap, 15-distance ring, 16-retract the cylinder cylinder sleeve, 17-retract the cylinder piston.
Embodiment
Oil hydraulic cylinder comprises by end cap (1), cylinder body (2), piston rod (3), piston (4), hydraulic cylinder sealing circle (5) and forming.Stretch out corresponding to piston (4) or gas pressure relief slot (9) is opened in the end of travel position of regaining at cylinder body (2) inwall.The valley gutter of gas pressure relief slot (9) for leaving on cylinder body (2) inwall, circumference uniform distribution, and all corner angle are smooth.Like this, plunger case seal ring (11) back and forth can not damage afterwards by gas pressure relief slot (9).Near the hydraulic cylinder travel latter end time, the pressure oil in the oil hydraulic cylinder is let out and removed, thereby thrust hydraulic cylinder is reduced to be no more than the safety range of backstop ability to bear by gas pressure relief slot (9).
Gas pressure relief slot (9) bottom becomes 8～15 ° of little angles with cylinder body (2) axis.So not only help the plunger case seal ring (11) of slightly deformed in the pressure leak process is led back groove on the piston (4); and put from pressure release and can realize between the limit travel that the pressure release flow becomes positive correlation with displacement; it is enough low that oil hydraulic cylinder oil pressure after surpassing pressure release point can be dropped to rapidly, with the protection oil hydraulic cylinder.
For eliminating deflection, thereby make the circumferential gap between piston (4) and the cylinder barrel (2) even, prevent that sealing is extruded groove on the piston (4) from the slit larger part, the piston of oil hydraulic cylinder (4) and piston rod (3) will have good guiding and basic elimination deflection in whole pressure leak process.
The oil pressure of oil hydraulic cylinder remnants need be provided with mechanical stop at piston (4) stroke latter end during for the opposing pressure release.This backstop can stop it to continue motion in hydraulic cylinder piston (4) when reaching end of travel.This backstop can be that the part of oil hydraulic cylinder itself also can be other devices of oil hydraulic cylinder outside.For example the end cap of accompanying drawing 1 (1) is exactly one type a backstop.The cylinder (6) that retracts of present embodiment such as accompanying drawing 3 forms a kind of backstop at end of travel to plunger case (7).
Below for the example of a major diameter plunger case.The major diameter plunger case is an extreme example in the oil hydraulic cylinder.It is simple that other common hydraulic cylinder structure is wanted, the easier enforcement of this device.
Plunger case structure such as accompanying drawing 4: form by plunger (8), pressing plate (10), plunger case seal ring (11), cylinder sleeve (12).Stretch out the end of travel position at cylinder sleeve (12) corresponding to plunger (8) and open gas pressure relief slot (9).Gas pressure relief slot (9) become very little angle with cylinder sleeve (12) axis, and all corner angle is smooth for the groove of the circumference uniform distribution left on the cylinder sleeve (12).Like this, plunger case seal ring (11) back and forth can not damage afterwards by gas pressure relief slot (9).Near plunger case stroke latter end the time, the pressure oil of plunger case is let out and removed, be no more than the safety range that retracts the cylinder end cap ability to bear thereby thrust hydraulic cylinder is reduced to by gas pressure relief slot (9).
Because gas pressure relief slot (9) is the groove of leaving on the cylinder sleeve (12), most of circumferential inner wall of cylinder sleeve (12) still can form the complete relative closure space that holds plunger case seal ring (11) with the sealed groove on the plunger (8), makes plunger case seal ring (11) can not come off from the groove on the plunger (8).
In the implementation case, employing retracts cylinder (6) as mechanical stop, retract cylinder (6) and plunger case (7) and be connected on the same block of plate, plunger case (7) retracts cylinder (6) and also reaches extreme limit of travel simultaneously and play mechanical stop effect (accompanying drawing 3) when reaching extreme limit of travel.Also can adopt for common oil hydraulic cylinder and to retract cylinder end cap (14) or other mechanical structure as backstop.
As shown in Figure 5, retract cylinder (6) by retracting cylinder piston rod (13), retract cylinder end cap (14), distance ring (15), retracting cylinder cylinder sleeve (16), retract cylinder piston (17) and form.Near plunger case stroke latter end, retract the corresponding position of cylinder (6) by calculating, and adjust the thickness that retracts distance ring (15) in the cylinder (6), make plunger case (7) when reaching extreme limit of travel, 4 retract cylinder (6) and also reach extreme limit of travel simultaneously.The end cap (14) that retracts cylinder (6) has like this stopped the motion that retracts cylinder piston (17) by distance ring (15), has also just stopped the motion of plunger case (7) piston simultaneously.Because four retract cylinder (6) and reach the limit of simultaneously, and active force is distributed on four angles of plunger case (7), so also just eliminated the deflection of plunger case (7), guaranteed that more plunger case seal ring (11) can not come off.
Specific design and processing scheme normally use range to determine according to the effective travel and the milling train of oil hydraulic cylinder.Illustrate as follows:
The design automatic decompression device of 1450mm diameter plunger cylinder (7).According to field assay and actual measurement, oil hydraulic cylinder maximum machine stroke 200mm, the actual maximum effective travel 175mm that uses, design as follows:
A. plunger case (7) cylinder sleeve (12) inwall.Stretch out the end of travel position at cylinder sleeve (12) corresponding to plunger (8) and open gas pressure relief slot (9).This gas pressure relief slot (9) becomes 8～15 degree angles with cylinder sleeve (12) axis, along the wide groove of cylinder barrel circumferencial direction 15～20mm, and uniform 8～12 of symmetry.Make plunger case seal ring (11) just enter gas pressure relief slot (9) when plunger stroke 175mm, the hydraulic oil of plunger case (7) lining begins to flow out the oil hydraulic cylinder pressure release by the slit between plunger case seal ring (11) and the gas pressure relief slot (9).If oil hydraulic cylinder continues to stretch out, then stroke is the closer to the limit, and gas pressure relief slot (9) is dark more, and pressure release area is big more, and the pressure release flow is big more.The orthodrome that all cusped edge reciprocal radius 10mm of gas pressure relief slot (9) are above, smooth transition (accompanying drawing 4).
B. the backstop of plunger case (7) is with partially anti-.This backstop reality retracts cylinder (6) by four on (7) four angles of plunger case and finishes jointly.Backstop restriction plunger case (7) stroke is no more than 200mm, and can not produce deflection when 200mm.Adjust each and retract distance ring (15) thickness in the cylinder (6), when guaranteeing that plunger case (7) reaches the 200mm extreme limit of travel, each of its four angles retracts cylinder (6) and also reaches extreme limit of travel simultaneously.See accompanying drawing 3 and accompanying drawing 5 for details.Guaranteed to remain in the seal groove of plunger (8) from structure like this, but can realize becoming positively related pressure release again with stroke at the stroke range inner prop plug cylinder seal ring (11) of 175～200mm.
C. since plunger case (7) when reaching the limit its thrust reality bear by four end caps that retract cylinder (6), go out 4 and retract the ultimate tension that cylinder (6) end cover structure can bear, the maximum remaining thrust that allows after this plunger case (7) pressure release just according to retracting cylinder (6) Structure Calculation.Because plunger case (7) area is huge, obviously retracts cylinder (6) device and can't bear plunger case (7) maximum thrust this moment.We only need to adjust the quantity of the gas pressure relief slot of opening, and the thrust of guaranteeing plunger case (7) inner remaining oil pressure generation when the range pressure release is no more than 4 and retracts the maximum pull sum that the cylinder end cap structure can bear and get final product.
After more than improving, the protective function that plunger case (7) self has had ultralimit.In field adjustable and the use; oil hydraulic cylinder begins pressure release when surpassing effective travel; pressure release flow between maximum effective travel and maximum machine stroke becomes positive correlation with stroke; and in the maximum machine travel point; system has enough protective capabilities, does not damage plunger case seal ring (11) and plunger case (7).Because the angle of gas pressure relief slot (9) is less, and the orthodrome smooth transition.Even retract cylinder seal ring (11) slightly distortion under pressure, also can not damage.The plunger case seal ring (11) of distortion can be directed to prop drawing seal groove beyond the Great Wall when oil hydraulic cylinder fell after rise, and oil cylinder recovers proper functioning at once.Can collect the oil drum from the relief hole or the spiracle of this oil hydraulic cylinder from the plunger case oil spill.
Claims (2)
1. oil hydraulic cylinder, be made up of end cap, cylinder body, piston rod, piston, seal ring, it is characterized in that: open gas pressure relief slot at inboard wall of cylinder block corresponding to the piston stroke terminal position, gas pressure relief slot is along the inboard wall of cylinder block circumference uniform distribution, gas pressure relief slot is a valley gutter, and the bottom becomes 8～15 ° of angles with the cylinder body axis.
2. according to the oil hydraulic cylinder of claim 1, it is characterized in that: make backstop at the piston stroke end with retracting cylinder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013101350722A CN103216486A (en) | 2013-04-18 | 2013-04-18 | Hydraulic cylinder |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013101350722A CN103216486A (en) | 2013-04-18 | 2013-04-18 | Hydraulic cylinder |
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| CN103216486A true CN103216486A (en) | 2013-07-24 |
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| CN2013101350722A Pending CN103216486A (en) | 2013-04-18 | 2013-04-18 | Hydraulic cylinder |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109667810A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-04-23 | 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 | A kind of plunger type load cylinder with end of travel automatic protection functions |
| CN112855657A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2021-05-28 | 廖富爱 | Large-diameter hydraulic oil cylinder and using method thereof |
| CN113090607A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-07-09 | 湖南联诚轨道装备有限公司 | High-pressure hydraulic oil cylinder and method for prolonging sealing life of high-pressure hydraulic oil cylinder |
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2013
- 2013-04-18 CN CN2013101350722A patent/CN103216486A/en active Pending
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109667810A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-04-23 | 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 | A kind of plunger type load cylinder with end of travel automatic protection functions |
| CN112855657A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2021-05-28 | 廖富爱 | Large-diameter hydraulic oil cylinder and using method thereof |
| CN113090607A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-07-09 | 湖南联诚轨道装备有限公司 | High-pressure hydraulic oil cylinder and method for prolonging sealing life of high-pressure hydraulic oil cylinder |
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Application publication date: 20130724 |
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