CN103246776A - Contactor contact disjunction speed yield predicting method based on Monte Carlo simulation - Google Patents
Contactor contact disjunction speed yield predicting method based on Monte Carlo simulation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A contactor contact disjunction speed yield predicting method based on the Monte Carlo simulation belongs to the technical field of contactor detection. The method solves the problems of high design and test cost and long design period caused by the fact that processing and manufacturing of samples are required in the existing method for checking disjunction speed parameters in a contactor design process. The method includes determining three parameter design values affecting disjunction speed, an upper limit and a lower limit according to a contactor design file, adopting an independent identically distributed central-limit theorem to produce N groups of parameter combinations through the matrix laboratory (MATLAB), obtaining N groups of disjunction speed characteristic parameters according to the N groups of parameter combinations to further obtain a distribution characteristic of the disjunction speed parameters and finally obtaining the contactor disjunction speed yield according to the distribution characteristic and the disjunction speed design parameters of the contactor through a Simpson rule. The method is suitable to predict and analyze the contactor contact disjunction speed yield in a design link of the contactor and further provides a basis for a designer of the contactor to modify design parameters.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the contactor field, relate to a kind of contact breaking speed qualification rate computing method, just be based on the probe of contactor breaking speed yield analysis method of Monte Carlo simulation specifically.
Background technology
The contact breaking speed is the most important basic parameter of contactor, is the key factor that determines contactor electric current of make-and-break ability, and the consistance of this parameter has determined the degree of scatter of life of product to a certain extent.But in the product development of reality, because the complicacy of real mechanism, various parameters comprise that dimensional parameters, design parameter and adjustment parameter all can produce certain influence to the contact breaking speed, therefore need determine to influence the principal element of this parameter in the design phase, and can be by certain methods consistance with regard to its breaking speed of analog computation before actual product is produced, thereby pass through the consistance of the range of tolerable variance control breaking speed of change part factor, make the ILS of contactor reach maximum.
In the design process of existing contactor, be after the design drawing of contactor is handled, go out a plurality of samples according to the design drawing processing and fabricating, adopt testing apparatus to carry out the test of contact breaking speed to a plurality of samples of making then, and then whether the parameter that can verify design is reasonable, if unreasonable, just needs revisions on drawings, then again the processing and fabricating sample, do experiment again, this has just caused design cycle prolongation and design and testing cost than higher.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve in the design process of existing contactor, need come out to exist the method that the parameter of contact breaking speed is tested design cycle length and processing and fabricating sample to cause designing the problem high with testing cost sample making according to design drawing, the invention provides a kind of probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation.
The step of the probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation of the present invention is as follows:
Step 1: obtain dimensional parameters design load, the design parameter design load of contactor and adjust the range of tolerable variance of parameter designing value and each parameter according to design document and art work sheet, utilize MATLAB to produce the N group changes and meet normal distribution in range of tolerable variance dimensional parameters, design parameter and adjustment parameter three class parameter combinations according to independent identically distributed central limit theorem, Parameter N is the integer more than or equal to 1000;
Step 2: above N is organized three class parameter combinations successively as the input parameter of probe of contactor breaking speed acquisition module, obtain N group contact breaking speed characterisitic parameter;
Step 3: the N group contact breaking speed parameter that obtains is analyzed, calculated and obtain probability density function, parameter expectation and mean square deviation, and then obtain N group contact breaking speed parameter distributions characteristic;
Step 4: require to determine contact breaking speed differentiation boundary according to the performance index in the design parameter of contactor, the N group contact breaking speed parameter distributions property calculation probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate of utilizing the Simpson rule to obtain according to step 3.
Described probe of contactor breaking speed acquisition module adopts software engineering to realize, the course of work of this module comprises and the following is step:
Steps A, contactor model calculating parameter initialization characterisitic parameter is set;
Step B, ask the current time magnetic linkage by previous moment coil voltage, electric current and magnetic linkage integration;
Step C, obtain coil current by coil flux linkage, armature displacement check table;
Step D, the coil current, the armature displacement check table that are obtained by step C obtain electromagnetic attraction;
Step e, calculate the mechanical spring counter-force by the armature displacement;
Step F, employing fourth-order Runge-Kutta method are found the solution the mechanical motion differential equation group, and described mechanical motion differential equation group is:
Described Y represents armature displacement, speed column vector, expression formula be Y=(x, v)
TFollowing footnote n represents sampling instant;
t
nExpression n is time corresponding constantly;
G represents armature speed, acceleration column vector, and expression formula is
V represents armature speed, and F represents electromagnetic attraction; F represents counter-force; M represents the armature quality;
G (t
n, Y
n) middle t
nAnd Y
nIndependent variable for above-mentioned expression formula;
H represents step-length computing time;
The calculation result data of step G, preservation step F is also extracted contact breaking speed characterisitic parameter, and obtain contact breaking speed qualification rate according to the allowed band of the contact breaking speed in the design document from described calculation result data.
The described table of comparisons be the coil flux linkage of contactor about the bivariate table of coil current and armature displacement, this table of comparisons obtains by following step:
Step H, in UG software, set up the electromagnetic mechanism three-dimensional model according to the design drawing of the electromagnetic mechanism of contactor;
Step I, by software finite element software FLUX according to the three-dimensional model of electromagnetic mechanism, calculate the coil current, armature displacement, electromagnetic attraction and the magnetic linkage that obtain many windings tentaculum;
Step J, the coil current, armature displacement, electromagnetic attraction and the magnetic linkage parameter that obtain many windings tentaculum according to step I make up the table of comparisons.
Step I is described by the three-dimensional model of software finite element software FLUX according to electromagnetic mechanism, and the process of calculating the coil flux linkage, coil current and the armature displacement that obtain many windings tentaculum is:
Step I1, employing finite element software FLUX set up geometric model according to the three-dimensional model of electromagnetic mechanism, and this geometric model are divided finite element grid;
Step I2, the physical attribute of each finite element grid among the step I1 is set according to the real physical characteristics of electromagnetic mechanism;
Step I3, the geometric model that sets up physical attribute is carried out static characteristics emulation, the coil current values of the many groups of input and corresponding dimensional parameters during emulation, described current value is obtained divided by the coil resistance in the design parameter of contactor by voltage; Obtain armature displacement, electromagnetic attraction and the magnetic linkage of every group of coil current value and dimensional parameters correspondence by emulation.
The process that the N that utilizes the Simpson rule to obtain according to step 3 described in the step 4 organizes contact breaking speed parameter distributions property calculation probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate is: the expectation and the variance that at first calculate N group contact breaking speed data, determine that according to existing contact breaking speed acceptability limit the Simpson rule calculates required upper lower limit value then, adopt described rule to divide in the upper lower limit value inner product at last and obtain probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate.
Method of the present invention is applied to the design link of contactor, can just carry out quantitative assessment and judgement to the rationality of its parameter in the design link, when shortening trial-produce period, reducing testing cost, improves reliability of products.
Method of the present invention was applicable in the contactor design phase carries out forecast analysis to the qualification rate of probe of contactor breaking speed, and then the foundation of correction design parameter is provided for the deviser of contactor.
This method is based on Monte Carlo simulation and proposes, and Monte Carlo (Monte Carlo) simulation is a kind of by setting stochastic process, rise time sequence repeatedly, and the calculating parameter estimator, and then study the method for its distribution characteristics.The principle of Monte Carlo simulation method is when problem or object itself have probability characteristics, can produce sampling results with the method for computer simulation, according to the value of sample calculation statistic or parameter; Along with increasing of simulation number of times, the method that can be averaging by the estimated value to each time statistic or parameter obtains stablizing conclusion.
The present invention is in the design phase of contactor, the dimensional parameters, design parameter and the adjustment parameter tolerances scope that provide according to art work sheet, utilize the approximate probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate that obtains of thought of Monte Carlo Analogue Method, can allow manufacturing enterprise that the manufacturing of contactor is had the assurance of an overall situation, lay the foundation for further improving the contactor qualification rate simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the method for the invention; Fig. 2 is the fundamental diagram of probe of contactor breaking speed acquisition module; Fig. 3 is certain model contactor construction synoptic diagram, and wherein 1 is shell, and 2 is connecting rod, and 3 is coil, and 4 is armature, and 5 is reaction spring, and 6 is iron core, and 7 is yoke, and 8 is rebound spring, and 9 is moving contact, and 10 is static contact; Fig. 4 is certain model probe of contactor breaking speed distribution curve and differentiates boundary that wherein the vertical line perpendicular to horizontal ordinate is the differentiation boundary.Fig. 5 is that the present invention calculates the schematic diagram that obtains contact breaking speed qualification rate.
Embodiment
Embodiment one, referring to Fig. 1 present embodiment is described.The described a kind of probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation of present embodiment, this method comprises the steps:
Step 1: obtain dimensional parameters design load, the design parameter design load of contactor and adjust the range of tolerable variance of parameter designing value and each parameter according to design document and art work sheet, utilize MATLAB to produce the N group changes and meet normal distribution in range of tolerable variance dimensional parameters, design parameter and adjustment parameter three class parameter combinations according to independent identically distributed central limit theorem, Parameter N is the integer more than or equal to 1000;
Step 2: above N is organized three class parameter combinations successively as the input parameter of probe of contactor breaking speed acquisition module, obtain N group contact breaking speed characterisitic parameter;
Step 3: the N group contact breaking speed parameter that obtains is analyzed, calculated and obtain probability density function, parameter expectation and mean square deviation, and then obtain N group contact breaking speed parameter distributions characteristic;
Step 4: require to determine contact breaking speed differentiation boundary according to the performance index in the design parameter of contactor, the N group contact breaking speed parameter distributions property calculation probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate of utilizing the Simpson rule to obtain according to step 3.
The described independent identically distributed central limit theorem of step 1, namely row dimension one Edward Lindberg theorem is a kind of special shape of the central limit theorem in the statistics, has than widespread use in practice.
The specific implementation method of above-mentioned independent identically distributed central limit theorem in MATLAB is in MATLAB, by limiting the mode of expectation value and variance, adopt function of random variable Random to generate N group number, then this N group numerical value directly satisfies row dimension one Edward Lindberg theorem.Wherein, expectation value is the design centre value, and variance is then determined by the range of tolerable variance of design.
Embodiment two, referring to Fig. 2 present embodiment is described.The difference of the described a kind of probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation of present embodiment and embodiment one is, described probe of contactor breaking speed acquisition module adopts software engineering to realize, the course of work of this module comprises and the following is step:
Steps A, contactor model calculating parameter initialization characterisitic parameter is set;
Step B, ask the current time magnetic linkage by previous moment coil voltage, electric current and magnetic linkage integration;
Step C, obtain coil current by coil flux linkage, armature displacement check table;
Step D, the coil current, the armature displacement check table that are obtained by step C obtain electromagnetic attraction;
Step e, calculate the mechanical spring counter-force by the armature displacement;
Step F, employing fourth-order Runge-Kutta method are found the solution the mechanical motion differential equation group, and described mechanical motion differential equation group is:
Described Y represents armature displacement, speed column vector, expression formula be Y=(x, v)
TFollowing footnote n represents sampling instant;
t
nExpression n is time corresponding constantly;
G represents armature speed, acceleration column vector, and expression formula is
V represents armature speed, and F represents electromagnetic attraction; F represents counter-force; M represents the armature quality;
G (t
n, Y
n) middle t
nAnd Y
nIndependent variable for above-mentioned expression formula;
H represents step-length computing time;
The calculation result data of step G, preservation step F is also extracted contact breaking speed characterisitic parameter, and obtain contact breaking speed qualification rate according to the allowed band of the contact breaking speed in the design document from described calculation result data.
The difference of the described a kind of probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation of embodiment three, present embodiment and embodiment two is, the described table of comparisons be the coil flux linkage of contactor about the bivariate table of coil current and armature displacement, this table of comparisons obtains by following step:
Step H, in UG software, set up the electromagnetic mechanism three-dimensional model according to the design drawing of the electromagnetic mechanism of contactor;
Step I, by software finite element software FLUX according to the three-dimensional model of electromagnetic mechanism, calculate the coil current, armature displacement, electromagnetic attraction and the magnetic linkage that obtain many windings tentaculum;
Step J, the coil current, armature displacement, electromagnetic attraction and the magnetic linkage parameter that obtain many windings tentaculum according to step I make up the table of comparisons.
The difference of the described a kind of probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation of embodiment four, present embodiment and embodiment three is, step I is described by the three-dimensional model of software finite element software FLUX according to electromagnetic mechanism, and the process of calculating the coil flux linkage, coil current and the armature displacement that obtain many windings tentaculum is:
Step I1, employing finite element software FLUX set up geometric model according to the three-dimensional model of electromagnetic mechanism, and this geometric model are divided finite element grid;
Step I2, the physical attribute of each finite element grid among the step I1 is set according to the real physical characteristics of electromagnetic mechanism;
Step I3, the geometric model that sets up physical attribute is carried out static characteristics emulation, the coil current values of the many groups of input and corresponding dimensional parameters during emulation, described current value is obtained divided by the coil resistance in the design parameter of contactor by voltage; Obtain armature displacement, electromagnetic attraction and the magnetic linkage of every group of coil current value and dimensional parameters correspondence by emulation.
Embodiment five, the difference of the described a kind of probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation of present embodiment and embodiment one is, the process that the N that utilizes the Simpson rule to obtain according to step 3 described in the step 4 organizes contact breaking speed parameter distributions property calculation probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate is: the expectation and the variance that at first calculate N group contact breaking speed data, determine that according to existing contact breaking speed acceptability limit the Simpson rule calculates required upper lower limit value then, adopt described rule to divide in the upper lower limit value inner product at last and obtain probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate.
Illustrate that referring to Fig. 5 present embodiment calculating obtains the principle of contact breaking speed qualification rate, among Fig. 5, curve is represented contact breaking speed family curve, and horizontal ordinate is represented the contact breaking speed, and ordinate is represented probability density, and vertical curve is represented boundary, then according to formula
Can obtain the probability of contact breaking speed.
Embodiment six, present embodiment are concrete cases of a kind of probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation of the present invention, and in the present case, described step is as follows:
Step 1: the parameter ginseng that obtains dimensional parameters design load, the design parameter design load of contactor and adjust the range of tolerable variance of parameter designing value and each parameter according to the design document of certain model contactor construction shown in Figure 3 and art work sheet is shown in Table 1:
Table 1
| Code name | Meaning | Scope | Design load |
| x1 | Coil resistance (Ω) | 5.50±0.55 | 5.50 |
| x2 | Clearance between open contacts (mm) | 1.30±0.13 | 1.3 |
| x3 | Armature travel (mm) | 2.20±0.06 | 2.20 |
| x4 | Rebound spring decrement (mm) | 0.45±0.03 | 0.45 |
| x5 | Reaction spring decrement (mm) | 8.54±0.10 | 8.54 |
| x6 | Rebound spring rigidity (kN/m) | 16.27±0.30 | 16.27 |
| x7 | Reaction spring rigidity (kN/m) | 0.250±0.019 | 0.250 |
| x8 | Moving contact quality (g) | 7.74±0.74 | 7.74 |
| x9 | Armature quality (g) | 8.88±0.18 | 8.88 |
| x10 | Contact colliding stiffness (10 9N/m） | 4.20±0.84 | 4.20 |
| x11 | The contact collision punishment degree of depth (mm) | 0.10±0.01 | 0.10 |
| x12 | Contact collisional damping (10 4Ns/m） | 3.5±0.7 | 3.5 |
Utilize MATLAB to produce the N group changes and meet normal distribution in range of tolerable variance dimensional parameters, design parameter and adjustment parameter three class parameter combinations according to independent identically distributed central limit theorem, Parameter N is the integer more than or equal to 1000;
Step 2: above N is organized three class parameter combinations successively as the input parameter of probe of contactor breaking speed acquisition module, obtain N group contact breaking speed characterisitic parameter;
Step 3: the N group contact breaking speed parameter to acquisition is analyzed, and calculate and obtain probability density function, parameter expectation and mean square deviation, and then acquisition N group contact breaking speed parameter distributions characteristic is N (1.14594,0.014287);
Step 4: require to determine that according to the performance index in the design parameter of contactor contact breaking speed differentiation boundary is the specification product that are less than 0.95m/s, the N group contact breaking speed parameter distributions property calculation probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate of utilizing the Simpson rule to obtain according to step 3, as shown in Figure 4, curve is the distribution curve of contact breaking speed among the figure, the vertical line vertical with horizontal ordinate is that breaking speed is the differentiation boundary of 0.95m/s, and utilizing the Simpson rule to calculate probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate is 95.92%.
Claims (5)
1. probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation, it is characterized in that: step is as follows:
Step 1: obtain dimensional parameters design load, the design parameter design load of contactor and adjust the range of tolerable variance of parameter designing value and each parameter according to design document and art work sheet, utilize MATLAB to produce the N group changes and meet normal distribution in range of tolerable variance dimensional parameters, design parameter and adjustment parameter three class parameter combinations according to independent identically distributed central limit theorem, Parameter N is the integer more than or equal to 1000;
Step 2: above N is organized three class parameter combinations successively as the input parameter of probe of contactor breaking speed acquisition module, obtain N group contact breaking speed characterisitic parameter;
Step 3: the N group contact breaking speed parameter that obtains is analyzed, calculated and obtain probability density function, parameter expectation and mean square deviation, and then obtain N group contact breaking speed parameter distributions characteristic;
Step 4: require to determine contact breaking speed differentiation boundary according to the performance index in the design parameter of contactor, the N group contact breaking speed parameter distributions property calculation probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate of utilizing the Simpson rule to obtain according to step 3.
2. a kind of probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described probe of contactor breaking speed acquisition module adopts software engineering to realize, the course of work of this module comprises and the following is step:
Steps A, contactor model calculating parameter initialization characterisitic parameter is set;
Step B, ask the current time magnetic linkage by previous moment coil voltage, electric current and magnetic linkage integration;
Step C, obtain coil current by coil flux linkage, armature displacement check table;
Step D, the coil current, the armature displacement check table that are obtained by step C obtain electromagnetic attraction;
Step e, calculate the mechanical spring counter-force by the armature displacement;
Step F, employing fourth-order Runge-Kutta method are found the solution the mechanical motion differential equation group, and described mechanical motion differential equation group is:
Described Y represents armature displacement, speed column vector, expression formula be Y=(x, v)
TFollowing footnote n represents sampling instant;
t
nExpression n is time corresponding constantly;
G represents armature speed, acceleration column vector, and expression formula is
V represents armature speed, and F represents electromagnetic attraction; F represents counter-force; M represents the armature quality;
G (t
n, Y
n) middle t
nAnd Y
nIndependent variable for above-mentioned expression formula;
H represents step-length computing time;
The calculation result data of step G, preservation step F is also extracted contact breaking speed characterisitic parameter, and obtain contact breaking speed qualification rate according to the allowed band of the contact breaking speed in the design document from described calculation result data.
3. a kind of probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the described table of comparisons be the coil flux linkage of contactor about the bivariate table of coil current and armature displacement, this table of comparisons obtains by following step:
Step H, in UG software, set up the electromagnetic mechanism three-dimensional model according to the design drawing of the electromagnetic mechanism of contactor;
Step I, by software finite element software FLUX according to the three-dimensional model of electromagnetic mechanism, calculate the coil current, armature displacement, electromagnetic attraction and the magnetic linkage that obtain many windings tentaculum;
Step J, the coil current, armature displacement, electromagnetic attraction and the magnetic linkage parameter that obtain many windings tentaculum according to step I make up the table of comparisons.
4. a kind of probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: step I is described by the three-dimensional model of software finite element software FLUX according to electromagnetic mechanism, and the process of calculating the coil flux linkage, coil current and the armature displacement that obtain many windings tentaculum is:
Step I1, employing finite element software FLUX set up geometric model according to the three-dimensional model of electromagnetic mechanism, and this geometric model are divided finite element grid;
Step I2, the physical attribute of each finite element grid among the step I1 is set according to the real physical characteristics of electromagnetic mechanism;
Step I3, the geometric model that sets up physical attribute is carried out static characteristics emulation, the coil current values of the many groups of input and corresponding dimensional parameters during emulation, described current value is obtained divided by the coil resistance in the design parameter of contactor by voltage; Obtain armature displacement, electromagnetic attraction and the magnetic linkage of every group of coil current value and dimensional parameters correspondence by emulation.
5. a kind of probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the process that the N that utilizes the Simpson rule to obtain according to step 3 described in the step 4 organizes contact breaking speed parameter distributions property calculation probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate is: the expectation and the variance that at first calculate N group contact breaking speed data, determine that according to existing contact breaking speed acceptability limit the Simpson rule calculates required upper lower limit value then, adopt described rule to divide in the upper lower limit value inner product at last and obtain probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate.
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| CN106599356A (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2017-04-26 | 上海宇航系统工程研究所 | Reliability assessment method for spring separation device |
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