CN103280083A - Remote-centralized meter reading system for residents and meter reading method for electricity consumption - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a remote centralized meter reading system for residents, which is composed of a main station, a collection terminal and an electric meter. The main station communicates with the collection terminal through a wireless public network, and the collection terminal and the electric meter are connected through a bus. A data receiving device and a data sending device are arranged on the bus, and a power adapter is installed in the data receiving device, and its improved design includes: a sampling circuit, a switching circuit, and a conversion reset circuit, wherein the bus is connected to In the data receiving device, the power adapter is connected to the circuit board in the data receiving device through a switch circuit. The invention utilizes the technical requirements of the low-voltage acquisition system, utilizes various functions of the terminal, the concentrator, the wireless collector, and the carrier collector to effectively carry out various tasks such as remote meter reading and load monitoring, and greatly reduces the cost of the low-voltage meter reading work. Pressure, the application of the low-voltage remote meter reading system can effectively guide and ensure the smooth implementation of various indicators of low-voltage power consumption management.

Description

Residential Remote Centralized Meter Reading System and Electricity Meter Reading Method

technical field

The embodiment of the present invention relates to a remote meter reading system and method for residents, which are used to solve remote meter reading for residents, abnormal analysis, and line loss in a station area.

Background technique

So far, the remote centralized meter reading system for residents has been promoted and used globally. Through the remote centralized meter reading system for residents, the low-voltage remote meter reading has been effectively solved, and the cost of personnel, materials and vehicles has been greatly reduced. Utilize the functions of the remote centralized meter reading system for residents to grasp the electricity consumption and energy meter operation status of low-voltage customers in real time, effectively analyze the abnormal situation of customers, and strengthen the management and high-quality services for customers; use the remote centralized meter reading system for residents to carry out The line loss of the station area is automatically calculated, and the operation situation of the station area and the line loss of the station area are understood in real time, and a targeted analysis of the line loss of the station area is carried out.

Contents of the invention

The embodiment of the present invention utilizes the technical requirements of the low-voltage acquisition system, uses the functions of the terminal, concentrator, wireless collector, and carrier collector to effectively carry out various tasks such as remote meter reading and load monitoring, and greatly reduces the cost of low-voltage reading. The pressure of meter work and the application of low-voltage remote meter reading system can effectively guide and ensure the smooth implementation of various indicators of low-voltage power consumption management.

The main station of the system and the acquisition terminal communicate remotely through the wireless public network. The bus communication is used between the acquisition terminal and the meter to form a meter reading network, and the digital acquisition terminal is connected to the meter through the bus.

Technical solution 1: Remote centralized meter reading system for residents, which is composed of a main station, a collection terminal and an electric meter. The main station communicates with the collection terminal through a wireless public network, and the collection terminal and the electric meter 3 are connected through a bus, wherein A data receiving device and a data sending device are set on the bus, and the data sending device is used for power support and active data transmission to the data receiving device, wherein a power adapter is installed in the data receiving device, and its improved design includes : Sampling circuit, used to sample the DC voltage on the bus within a time period T; switch circuit, connected to the sampling circuit, used to control the power on and off state of the data receiving device within the time period T; switch A reset circuit, coupled between the sampling circuit and the switch circuit, is used for controlling the on and off states of the switch circuit and compensating the voltage when the voltage V of the data receiving device exceeds a threshold V _THD . The bus is connected to the data receiving device through a sampling circuit, and the power adapter is connected to a circuit board in the data receiving device through a switch circuit.

In one embodiment, the data sending device is a collection terminal; or the data sending device is an electric meter; or the data sending device is an integrated composition of a collection terminal and an electric meter.

In one embodiment, the data receiving device is an electric meter.

In one embodiment, the bus is an M-BUS bus; or the bus is an RS485 twisted-pair bus.

In one embodiment, a resistance-capacitance circuit is further installed with the conversion reset circuit for connecting an additional +24V compensation voltage source and performing DC step-down conversion on it.

In one embodiment, the conversion reset circuit is further provided with a voltage feed circuit coupled with the resistance-capacitance circuit, which is used to forcibly stabilize the compensation voltage source after DC step-down at a value and feed it into the conversion reset circuit.

In one embodiment, the sampling circuit further includes an amplifying circuit connected to a switch circuit for amplifying the DC voltage.

In one embodiment, the conversion reset circuit further includes a control circuit connected to the switch circuit for regenerating an output voltage on the switch circuit within the time period T.

Technical solution 2: through the meter reading method for residents' electricity consumption based on the aforementioned remote centralized meter reading system for residents, which includes the steps:

Set up a data sending device and a data receiving device on the bus;

Power the data receiving device with 24V DC voltage through the data sending device;

Obtain the 24V DC voltage on the bus within a time period T through the sampling circuit;

The DC voltage signal is amplified by the amplification circuit, and the amplified signal is stabilized and filtered by the conversion reset circuit, and it is determined whether it exceeds a threshold V _THD ;

If the threshold value V _THD is exceeded, the switch circuit is cut off through the control circuit, an external compensation voltage source that has undergone DC step-down is obtained through the resistance-capacitance circuit, and the compensation voltage source is fed into the conversion reset circuit through the voltage feed-in circuit. make a judgment;

Regenerate a 12V DC voltage on the switch circuit to output to the data receiving device;

Send a meter reading request to the data receiving device through the data sending device;

Calculate the electricity consumption data of residents through the data receiving device, and feed it back to the data sending device;

Send data to the master station through the data sending device.

The technical effect of the embodiment of the present invention is obvious, and it solves the following problems: complete the remote meter reading work of all low-voltage users; utilize the remote meter reading system for residents to implement the remote meter reading work; use the remote centralized meter reading system for residents to understand the user's Electricity consumption and load conditions; using the remote centralized meter reading system for residents to curb the phenomenon of estimated reading and wrong reading; using the remote centralized meter reading system for residents can actively report that the seal of the device has been opened, the power of the display has dropped, parameters have been modified, power outages, Power on, power (power) differential, current transformer short circuit, open circuit, voltage reverse phase sequence, current reverse polarity, reactive power over compensation, reactive power under compensation, meter stop, power flying away, battery voltage is too low and other abnormal alarm information. It can analyze the phase failure criterion of various low-voltage conditions; use the remote centralized meter reading system for residents to solve the management of zero-power meters and faulty meters.

The system adopts dedicated line communication, the meter reading speed is fast, and the communication is reliable, which can ensure 24h real-time communication every day. It is the most stable and reliable system at present; the system adopts an integrated electric meter with high measurement accuracy, and the memory of the electric meter can be directly read during communication. Electric energy data, avoiding the secondary measurement of electric energy.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural principle diagram of the remote centralized meter reading system for residents of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of the power adapter of the data receiving device of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Referring to Fig. 1, the preferred embodiment of the remote centralized meter reading system for residents of the present invention is mainly composed of a master station 1, an acquisition terminal 2 and an electric meter 3, and the master station 1 passes through a wireless announcement network 4 (such as GPRS, ZIGBEE or WLAN) Communicate with the collection terminal 2 (preferably a data concentrator). The collection terminal 2 is connected to the electric meter 3 (preferably a low-voltage carrier pulse electric meter) through a bus 5 . On said bus 5, a data receiving device and a data sending device are arranged, and the working power support of the device itself is carried out by the data sending device to the data receiving device (for example, the devices that can be kept on the bus can be continuously powered on, and at this In this case, data can be read and written to devices on the bus at any time) and active data transmission.

Referring to FIG. 2 , the circuit of the main functional part is shown, but not all the circuits are composed, and for example, the resistors R1-R6 or the transistor D2 are only used as receiving components and need not be emphatically described. The data receiving device is equipped with a power adapter 21 (for the purpose of highlighting the drawing, it is separately shown on the bus 6, in fact, it is used as a data receiving component, such as a part of the circuit of the electric meter 3) and its improved design It includes: a sampling circuit 211, including a 1KΩ shunt sampling resistor 2112, used to sample the DC voltage on the bus 5 within a time period T; a switching circuit 212, preferably including a transistor Q2121 and a switching transistor Q2122 connected thereto. It is connected to the sampling circuit 211. In one embodiment, the bus 5 is connected to the internal circuit board of the data receiving device through the sampling shunt resistor 2112 and the switch tube Q2122, so as to control the power supply of the data receiving device within the time period T ON-OFF state: switching reset circuit 213, coupled between the sampling circuit 211 and the switch circuit 212, used to control the on and off of the switch circuit 212 when the voltage V of the data receiving device exceeds a threshold value V _THD status and voltage compensation; wherein the bus 5 is connected to the data receiving device through the sampling circuit 211, and the power adapter 21 is connected to the circuit board in the data receiving device through the switch circuit 212, such as an internal DSP chip, a communication circuit or monitor.

In one embodiment, the data sending device is preferably the collection terminal 2; or the data sending device can also be the electric meter 3; or the data sending device is an integrated composition of the collection terminal 2 and the electric meter 3, such as two The coupled use of different types of electrical devices can achieve data processing multiples and expansion of more functions.

In one embodiment, the data receiving device is an electric meter 3 . The structural principle of the present invention is to perform data exchange processing in the form of a bus, and among the devices connected to the bus, set a device with the highest level, and other devices need to provide working voltage through this advanced device (in one embodiment Select a DC voltage of 10V ~ 40V), and respond to the data request sent by the advanced equipment on the bus, as an effective real-time communication, in any case, set a preset receiving cycle T, in this cycle T The data receiving device work, and at other times, for example, for the purpose of reducing power consumption, set the data receiving device on the bus to a sleep state.

In one embodiment, the bus 5 is an M-BUS bus. When the M-BUS bus is selected, the data sending device (such as the collection terminal 2) sends the carrier data through a DC voltage of 24V to 36V, preferably 24V As a digital logic 0 signal, 36V as a digital logic 1 signal, that is, the MCU of the acquisition terminal 2 sends a periodic square wave signal to the M-BUS bus); or the bus 5 is an RS485 twisted-pair bus, when the RS485 bus is selected, the voltage Choose 10V as the logic 0 level and 16V as the logic 1 level.

With reference to Fig. 2, in one embodiment, select M-BUS bus line to implement, further install a resistance-capacitance circuit 214 with conversion reset circuit 213, resistance-capacitance circuit 214 preferably comprises a 100KΩ resistance 2141 and 20nF safety regulation electric capacity 2142, uses To connect an additional +24V compensation voltage source and convert it to DC. In another embodiment, it further includes a filter capacitor 2145 that acts on the 24V compensation voltage source, and a reference source 2143 (preferably a voltage sensitive diode) and a switch tube Q2144 connected to both ends thereof.

In one embodiment, the conversion reset circuit 213 is further provided with a voltage feed circuit 215 coupled with the resistance-capacitance circuit 214, preferably including a capacitor 2151 and a switch tube Q2152, which are used for compensation after the DC step-down The voltage source is forced to stabilize at a value of 24V and feeds the switching circuit 212 .

In one embodiment, the sampling circuit 211 further includes an amplifying circuit 2111 connected to the switch circuit 212 for amplifying the DC voltage, wherein the nodes N2 and N3 on the bus 5 are set as positive terminals and negative terminals respectively. The terminal is connected to the amplifier circuit 2111.

In one embodiment, the conversion reset circuit 213 further includes a control circuit 2121 (preferably an 8-bit DSP chip) connected to the switch circuit 212 for resetting the switch circuit 212 within the time period T. produces an output voltage of 12V. Of course, the skilled person should understand that this control circuit 2121 can be used as a clock circuit, which controls the switching off of the switching tube Q2122 during a period of time in the cycle T, and turns off the switching circuit in another period of time. 212 to re-transmit a 12V voltage. For example, when the voltage of node N1 drops (such as a short circuit), a compensation circuit is required, but 12V voltage is selected instead of 24V voltage. Through calculation, it is known that the meter selects 12V voltage at this time for the lowest power consumption and the best work. The 24V voltage ensures the real-time monitoring on the ammeter 3 and the acquisition terminal 2. If the bus fails, the working voltage of the ammeter 3 and the data will not be lost. The skilled person should understand that the working voltage on the DSP chip 2121 should be stable at 24V and the stability of the voltage should be ensured through its internal eg step-down circuit or comparator circuit.

After a certain time period T', the control circuit 2121 will control the switch Q2121 to be turned on, and then Q2122 will be further turned on, so that the meter 3 is connected to the M-BUS bus 5 for a preset time period T, and it is judged whether there is data suspension or Power failure and short circuit etc. (T'<T). If it is still found that there is a fault within the period T, it is necessary to switch the reset circuit 213 to connect the switch circuit 212 at this time, and further control the action of the resistance-capacitance circuit 214 .

With reference to Fig. 1 and 2, in the second embodiment of the present invention, by the resident electricity consumption meter reading method according to the aforementioned resident remote centralized meter reading system, it is characterized in that comprising steps:

Set up a data sending device and a data receiving device on the bus 5;

Power the data receiving device with 24V DC voltage through the data sending device;

Obtain the 24V DC voltage on the bus 5 within a time period T through the sampling circuit 211;

The DC voltage signal is amplified by the amplifying circuit 2111, and the amplified signal is stabilized and filtered by the conversion reset circuit 213, which is preferably realized by selecting the filter capacitors 2142 and 2145 of a resistance-capacitance circuit 214, and determining whether it exceeds a Threshold V _THD ;

If the threshold value V _THD is exceeded, the switch circuit 212 is cut off by the control circuit 2111, an external compensation voltage source through a DC step-down is obtained through the resistance-capacitance circuit 214, and the compensation voltage source is fed into the switch reset circuit 213 to make a decision;

Regenerate a 12V DC voltage on the switch circuit 212 to output to the data receiving device;

Send a meter reading request to the data receiving device through the data sending device;

Calculate the electricity consumption data of residents through the data receiving device, and feed it back to the data sending device;

Send data to the master station 1 through the data sending device.

In one embodiment, the voltage of the node N1 is collected, and when the voltage reaches a preset voltage threshold V _THD , the switch tube Q2144 is turned on, thereby further turning on the Q2152 through the resistor 2141, and thus further connected through the resistor R5 The base of Q2121 turns it off and thus turns off switch Q2122 on the bus. Under normal circumstances, Q2152 is off, while both Q2121 and Q2122 are on, so a switch is realized.

Claims (9)

1. resident's remote auto meter reading system, it is made up of main website, acquisition terminal and ammeter, described main website is by wireless public network and acquisition terminal communication in addition, acquisition terminal is connected with the mode of ammeter by a bus, it is characterized in that: be provided with data sink and data sending device in described bus, carry out electric power support and active data transmission by data sending device to data sink, wherein be equiped with power supply adaptor in described data sink, it improves design and has comprised:

Sample circuit is used in a period of time T DC voltage on the bus being sampled;

On-off circuit is connected in sample circuit, is used for the on/off state at described period of time T inner control data sink;

The switch back circuit is coupled between described sample circuit and the on-off circuit, is used for exceeding a threshold value V at the voltage V of described data sink _THDThe conducting of time control on-off circuit and off-state and voltage compensated;

Wherein bus inserts described data sink by sample circuit, and described power supply adaptor is by the circuit board in the on-off circuit access data sink.

2. resident's remote auto meter reading system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described data sending device is acquisition terminal; Perhaps described data sending device is ammeter; Perhaps described data sending device is the integrated composition of acquisition terminal and ammeter.

3. resident's remote auto meter reading system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described data sink is ammeter.

4. resident's remote auto meter reading system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described bus is the M-BUS bus; Perhaps described bus is RS485 multiple twin bus.

5. resident's remote auto meter reading system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: further with resistance-capacitance circuit of switch back circuit installing, be used for connecting an extra compensating voltage source and it is carried out the DC decompression conversion.

6. resident's remote auto meter reading system according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described switch back circuit further is provided with a voltage feed-in circuit that is coupled with resistance-capacitance circuit, the compensating voltage source that is used for carrying out behind the DC decompression is forced to be stabilized in a numerical value, and the described switch back circuit of feed-in.

7. resident's remote auto meter reading system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described sample circuit further comprises the amplifying circuit that inserts on-off circuit, is used for described DC voltage is amplified.

8. resident's remote auto meter reading system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described switch back circuit further comprises the control circuit that is connected with on-off circuit, is used for producing again on described on-off circuit in described period of time T an output voltage.

9. by the power consumption meter register method of resident's remote auto meter reading system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that comprising step:

Set up data sending device and data sink in bus;

By data sending device to data sink energising 24V DC voltage;

In a period of time T, obtain 24V DC voltage on the bus by sample circuit;

By amplifying circuit d. c. voltage signal is amplified, by the switch back circuit signal after amplifying is carried out voltage stabilizing and filtering, and judge whether it exceeds a threshold value V _THD

If exceed described threshold value V _THD, then cut off on-off circuit by control circuit, obtain an outside compensating voltage source through DC decompression by resistance-capacitance circuit, by voltage feed-in circuit with the described switch back circuit of this compensating voltage source feed-in to judge;

On described on-off circuit, produce a 12V DC voltage again to export to data sink;

Send the request of checking meter by data sending device to data sink;

Calculate the electricity consumption of resident data by data sink, feed back to data sending device;

Send data by data sending device to main website.

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