CN103346757B - High-voltage square-wave forming apparatus and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-voltage square wave forming device and method, and relates to the field of high-voltage electricity. The high-voltage square wave forming device includes: a pulse forming circuit and a delay cut-off circuit; the pulse forming circuit is used to form a step wave signal and is output to the delay cut-off circuit; the delay cut-off circuit is used to cut off the step wave signal to obtain High voltage square wave. The present invention proposes a new high-voltage square wave forming scheme. A step wave signal is formed by a pulse forming circuit, and the step wave signal is cut off by a delay cut-off circuit to obtain a high-voltage square wave. The scheme is simple and easy to implement.

Description

High voltage square wave forming device and method

technical field

The invention relates to the field of high-voltage electricity, in particular to a high-voltage square wave forming device and method with fast leading edge, wide pulse width and adjustable pulse width.

Background technique

At present, it is widely used to form a high-voltage square wave by using the pulse forming line method. For example, the output of a high-voltage square wave is realized by cascading multi-level pulse forming lines.

The implementation of the pulse forming line method is relatively complicated, the generated square wave amplitude voltage is low, and the square wave pulse width is limited. If you want to increase the square wave amplitude voltage, you must use a higher voltage level cable. If you want to increase the square wave pulse Wide, the length of the cable needs to be increased, which will increase the volume and cost of the square wave forming device and reduce the performance of the device.

In view of the various disadvantages of existing high-voltage square wave forming methods, it is necessary to propose a new high-voltage square wave forming method.

Contents of the invention

A technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to propose a new scheme for forming a high-voltage square wave, and the amplitude and pulse width of the high-voltage square wave can be easily adjusted.

An aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a high-voltage square wave forming device, including: a pulse forming circuit and a delay cut-off circuit; the pulse forming circuit is used to form a step wave signal and output to the delay cut-off circuit; the delay cut-off circuit The circuit is used to truncate the step wave signal in order to obtain a high voltage square wave.

The pulse forming circuit includes: the main capacitor, the main switch, the inductor and the load; the main capacitor, the main switch, the inductor and the load are connected in series to form a closed loop, and the connection between the main capacitor and the load is grounded; when the main capacitor is charged to a certain voltage, it passes through the main The switch and inductor discharge the load, forming a step wave signal.

The amplitude of the step wave signal is adjusted by changing the charging voltage of the main capacitor, so as to adjust the amplitude of the high-voltage square wave accordingly.

The delay cut-off circuit includes: a differential circuit, a delay circuit and a cut-off circuit; the differential circuit is used to collect the step wave signal formed by the pulse forming circuit and form a differential signal; the delay circuit is used to differentiate according to the pulse width of the high-voltage square wave The signal is delayed; the truncation circuit is used for triggering the delayed differential signal, and truncates the step wave signal so as to obtain a high-voltage square wave.

The differential circuit includes: differential capacitance and coaxial cable; wherein, the differential capacitance includes: the outer cylinder of the transmission line, the inner cylinder of the transmission line, the insulating nylon sleeve on the outer cylinder of the transmission line and the disc-shaped electrode on the insulating nylon sleeve; the disc-shaped electrode The end of the coaxial cable is connected to the inner core of the coaxial cable; when the step wave signal collected by the differential circuit is discharged to the inner cylinder of the transmission line, a differential signal is obtained at the end of the coaxial cable.

The cut-off circuit includes: insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT drive circuit, IGBT, pulse transformer and three-electrode switch; the delay differential signal triggers the IGBT drive circuit to drive the IGBT, the output of the IGBT is provided to the pulse transformer, and the pulse transformer closes the three-electrode switch. In order to cut off the step wave signal formed by the pulse forming circuit, a high voltage square wave is formed on the load of the pulse forming circuit.

The width of the high-voltage square wave is adjusted by changing the delay time of the delay circuit.

Another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a method for forming a high-voltage square wave, including: using a pulse forming circuit to form a step wave signal; using a delay cut-off circuit to cut off the step wave signal, so as to obtain a high-voltage square wave.

The pulse forming circuit includes: the main capacitor, the main switch, the inductor and the load; the main capacitor, the main switch, the inductor and the load are connected in series to form a closed loop, and the connection between the main capacitor and the load is grounded; when the main capacitor is charged to a certain voltage, it passes through the main The switch and the inductance discharge the load to form a step wave signal; the amplitude of the step wave signal is adjusted by changing the charging voltage of the main capacitor, so as to adjust the amplitude of the high voltage square wave accordingly.

The delay cut-off circuit includes: a differential circuit, a delay circuit and a cut-off circuit; the differential circuit collects the step wave signal formed by the pulse forming circuit and forms a differential signal; the delay circuit delays the differential signal according to the pulse width of the high-voltage square wave The width of the high-voltage square wave is adjusted by changing the delay time of the delay circuit; the cut-off circuit is triggered by the delay differential signal, and the step wave signal is cut off to obtain a high-voltage square wave.

The present invention proposes a novel scheme for forming a high-voltage square wave. A step wave signal is formed by a pulse forming circuit, and the step wave signal is cut off by a time-delay cut-off circuit to obtain a high-voltage square wave. The scheme is simple and easy to implement; and , the amplitude of the high-voltage square wave can be adjusted by changing the charging voltage of the main capacitor in the pulse forming circuit, and the width of the high-voltage square wave can be adjusted by changing the delay time of the delay circuit in the delay circuit, without increasing the square wave formation The adjustment of square wave parameters can be realized conveniently without reducing the volume and cost of the device.

Other features of the present invention and advantages thereof will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the high-voltage square wave forming device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the high-voltage square wave forming device of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the differential circuit of the present invention.

4 is a schematic diagram of the output of the differential circuit when the charging voltage of the main capacitor of the present invention is 10 kV.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the output of the cut-off circuit when the voltage division ratio of the measuring resistor divider of the present invention is 700.

Fig. 6 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the method for forming a high-voltage square wave of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and in no way taken as limiting the invention, its application or uses. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the high-voltage square wave forming device of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1, the high-voltage square wave forming device of this embodiment includes: a pulse forming circuit 10 and a delay cut-off circuit 20; the pulse forming circuit 10 is used to form a step wave signal, and is output to the delay cut-off circuit 20; The timing cutoff circuit 20 is used to cut off the step wave signal so as to obtain a high voltage square wave.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the high-voltage square wave forming device of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the pulse forming circuit 10 includes: a main capacitor, a main switch, an inductor L and a load; the main capacitor, the main switch, the inductor and the load are sequentially connected in series to form a closed loop, and the connection between the main capacitor and the load is grounded. Wherein, the main capacitor may be a capacitor with low inductance and large capacitance. For example, the inductance of the main capacitor may be lower than 20nH, and the capacitance may be in the order of μF, such as 1 μF. The main switch can be a pneumatic gas switch. The load can be a resistor.

When the main capacitor is charged to a certain voltage, the load is discharged through the main switch and the inductance, forming a step wave signal. The charging voltage of the main capacitor is a high voltage on the order of kV, for example, the charging voltage of the main capacitor may be 10 kV. The step wave signal is a step wave signal with fast leading edge and adjustable voltage. For example, its rising edge can be less than 5ns, and its amplitude can exceed 10kV, for example, the amplitude can reach 80kV. In addition, the amplitude of the step wave signal is adjusted by changing the charging voltage of the main capacitor, so as to adjust the amplitude of the high-voltage square wave accordingly. Generally speaking, the greater the charging voltage of the main capacitor, the greater the amplitude of the step wave signal, and the greater the amplitude of the high-voltage square wave.

Delay cut-off circuit 20 can be further subdivided functionally, including: differential circuit, delay circuit and cut-off circuit; Differential circuit is used for collecting the step wave signal that pulse forming circuit forms, and forms differential signal; Time delay circuit is used for The differential signal is delayed according to the pulse width of the high-voltage square wave; the truncation circuit is used for triggering the delayed differential signal, and truncates the step wave signal so as to obtain a high-voltage square wave.

As shown in Figure 2, the differential circuit includes: differential capacitors and coaxial cables.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the differential circuit of the present invention. As shown in Figure 3, the differential capacitor includes: a transmission line outer cylinder 1, a transmission line inner cylinder 2, an insulating nylon sleeve 5 positioned on the transmission line outer cylinder 1 and a disc-shaped electrode 3 positioned on the insulating nylon sleeve 5, and may also include a The stainless steel base 4 at the bottom of the insulating nylon sheath 5. The end of the disk-shaped electrode 3 is connected to the inner core of the coaxial cable 6, and the wave impedance of the inner core of the coaxial cable 6 may be, for example, 50Ω. The shielding layer of the coaxial cable 6 can be connected with the outer cylinder 1 of the transmission line. When the step wave signal collected by the differential circuit discharges to the inner barrel of the transmission line, a differential signal is obtained at the end of the coaxial cable.

As shown in Figure 2, the blocking circuit includes: IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) drive circuit, IGBT, pulse transformer T and three-electrode switch G. Wherein, the three-electrode switch G may be a trigger pin type three-electrode switch.

The delay differential signal triggers the IGBT drive circuit to drive the IGBT, and the output of the IGBT is provided to the pulse transformer T, and the pulse transformer T closes the three-electrode switch G, so as to cut off the step wave signal formed by the pulse forming circuit and form it on the load of the pulse forming circuit High voltage square wave.

Wherein, the width of the high-voltage square wave can be adjusted, and the width of the high-voltage square wave can be adjusted by changing the delay time of the delay circuit. Generally, the longer the delay time of the delay circuit, the larger the width of the high voltage square wave.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the cut-off circuit can be further provided with a rectification circuit between the IGBT and the pulse transformer T for converting alternating current into direct current.

The new high-voltage square wave forming device proposed in the above-mentioned embodiment forms a step wave signal through a pulse forming circuit, and cuts off the step wave signal by a delay cut-off circuit to obtain a high-voltage square wave. This scheme is simple and easy to implement. Moreover, the amplitude of the high-voltage square wave can be adjusted by changing the charging voltage of the main capacitor in the pulse forming circuit, and the width of the high-voltage square wave can be adjusted by changing the delay time of the delay circuit in the delay circuit, without increasing the square wave The adjustment of square wave parameters can be realized conveniently without reducing the volume and cost of the device.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the output of the differential circuit when the charging voltage of the main capacitor is 10kV. Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the output of the cut-off circuit when the voltage division ratio of the measuring resistor divider is 700. As shown in Figure 5, the cut-off circuit outputs a high-voltage square wave with a pulse width of about 10 μs.

The high-voltage square wave generated by the invention can be used to calibrate a voltage divider (such as a sensor for fast transient overvoltage VFTO measurement), and the fast leading edge of the high-voltage square wave can be used to calibrate the high-frequency response of the voltage divider.

Fig. 6 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the method for forming a high-voltage square wave of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 6, the high-voltage square wave forming method of this embodiment includes the following steps:

Step 601, using a pulse forming circuit to form a step wave signal.

Wherein, as shown in FIG. 2 , the pulse forming circuit may include: a main capacitor, a main switch, an inductor and a load; the main capacitor, the main switch, the inductor and the load are sequentially connected in series to form a closed loop, and the connection between the main capacitor and the load is grounded.

When the main capacitor is charged to a certain voltage, the load is discharged through the main switch and the inductance, forming a step wave signal. The amplitude of the step wave signal is adjusted by changing the charging voltage of the main capacitor, so as to adjust the amplitude of the high-voltage square wave accordingly. Generally speaking, the greater the charging voltage of the main capacitor, the greater the amplitude of the step wave signal, and the greater the amplitude of the high-voltage square wave.

Step 602, using a delay cut-off circuit to cut off the step wave signal, so as to obtain a high-voltage square wave.

Wherein, the delay cut-off circuit includes: a differential circuit, a delay circuit and a cut-off circuit, and the specific implementation of each part can refer to FIG. 2 . The differential circuit collects the step wave signal formed by the pulse forming circuit and forms a differential signal; the delay circuit delays the differential signal according to the pulse width of the high-voltage square wave, and adjusts the high-voltage square wave by changing the delay time of the delay circuit. Width, usually, the longer the delay time of the delay circuit, the larger the width of the high-voltage square wave; the cut-off circuit is triggered by the delay differential signal, and cuts off the step wave signal to obtain a high-voltage square wave.

As shown in Figure 2, the differential circuit includes: a differential capacitor and a coaxial cable, both of which are connected in series. When the step wave signal collected by the differential circuit discharges to the inner barrel of the transmission line, a differential signal is obtained at the end of the coaxial cable.

As shown in Figure 2, the blocking circuit includes: IGBT drive circuit, IGBT, pulse transformer T and three-electrode switch G. The delay differential signal triggers the IGBT driving circuit to drive the IGBT, and the output of the IGBT is provided to the pulse transformer, and the pulse transformer closes the three-electrode switch G, so as to cut off the step wave signal formed by the pulse forming circuit and form a high voltage square on the load of the pulse forming circuit. Wave.

In the new high-voltage square wave forming method proposed in the above embodiment, a step wave signal is formed by a pulse forming circuit, and the step wave signal is cut off by a delay cut-off circuit to obtain a high-voltage square wave. This scheme is simple and easy to implement. Moreover, the amplitude of the high-voltage square wave can be adjusted by changing the charging voltage of the main capacitor in the pulse forming circuit, and the width of the high-voltage square wave can be adjusted by changing the delay time of the delay circuit in the delay circuit, without increasing the square wave The adjustment of square wave parameters can be realized conveniently without reducing the volume and cost of the device.

Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps for implementing the above embodiments can be completed by hardware, and can also be completed by instructing related hardware through a program. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The above-mentioned The storage medium mentioned may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and the like.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within range.

Claims (8)

1. a high-voltage square-wave forming apparatus, comprising:

Pulse shaping circuit and time delay cut off circuit;

Pulse shaping circuit for the formation of step ripple signal, and outputs to time delay cut off circuit;

Time delay cut off circuit is used for step ripple signal cutout, to obtain high-voltage square-wave;

Wherein, time delay cut off circuit comprises: differential circuit, delay circuit and cut off circuit;

Differential circuit is used for the step ripple signal that acquisition pulse forms circuit formation, and forms differential signal;

Delay circuit is used for carrying out time delay according to the pulsewidth of high-voltage square-wave to differential signal;

Cut off circuit is used for the triggering through time delay differential signal, by step ripple signal cutout, to obtain high-voltage square-wave.

2. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, pulse shaping circuit comprises: main capacitance, main switch, inductance and load; Main capacitance, main switch, inductance and load are connected the junction ground connection of formation one closed-loop path, main capacitance and load successively;

When main capacitance is charged to certain voltage by main switch and inductance to load discharge, form step ripple signal.

3. device according to claim 2, is characterized in that,

The amplitude of this step ripple signal is regulated, so that the amplitude of corresponding adjustment high-voltage square-wave by the charging voltage changing main capacitance.

4. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, differential circuit comprises: differential capacitance and coaxial cable;

Wherein, differential capacitance comprises: transmission line urceolus, transmission line inner core, the insulated nylon be positioned on transmission line urceolus overlap and be positioned at the disc-shaped electrode that insulated nylon puts;

The end of disc-shaped electrode is connected with the inner core of coaxial cable;

When the step ripple signal that differential circuit gathers discharges to transmission line inner core, obtain a differential signal at the end of coaxial cable.

5. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, cut off circuit comprises: insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT drive circuit, IGBT, pulse transformer and three electrode switch;

Time delay differential signal triggers IGBT drive circuit and drives IGBT, the output of IGBT is supplied to pulse transformer, pulse transformer makes three electrode switch close, to block the step ripple signal of pulse shaping circuit formation, the load of pulse shaping circuit forms high-voltage square-wave.

6. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is regulated the width of high-voltage square-wave by the delay time changing delay circuit.

7. a high-voltage square-wave formation method, comprising:

Pulse shaping circuit is adopted to form step ripple signal;

Adopt time delay cut off circuit by step ripple signal cutout, to obtain high-voltage square-wave;

Wherein, time delay cut off circuit comprises: differential circuit, delay circuit and cut off circuit;

Differential circuit acquisition pulse forms the step ripple signal that circuit is formed, and forms differential signal;

Delay circuit carries out time delay according to the pulsewidth of high-voltage square-wave to differential signal, is regulated the width of high-voltage square-wave by the delay time changing delay circuit;

Cut off circuit through the triggering of time delay differential signal, by step ripple signal cutout, to obtain high-voltage square-wave.

8. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, pulse shaping circuit comprises: main capacitance, main switch, inductance and load; Main capacitance, main switch, inductance and load are connected the junction ground connection of formation one closed-loop path, main capacitance and load successively;

When main capacitance is charged to certain voltage by main switch and inductance to load discharge, form step ripple signal;

The amplitude of this step ripple signal is regulated, so that the amplitude of corresponding adjustment high-voltage square-wave by the charging voltage changing main capacitance.