CN103575228B - A kind of measurement apparatus of residual deformation of bolt after proof load test - Google Patents
A kind of measurement apparatus of residual deformation of bolt after proof load test Download PDFInfo
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- CN103575228B CN103575228B CN201310566241.8A CN201310566241A CN103575228B CN 103575228 B CN103575228 B CN 103575228B CN 201310566241 A CN201310566241 A CN 201310566241A CN 103575228 B CN103575228 B CN 103575228B
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 3
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of measurement apparatus of residual deformation of bolt after proof load test, including tool microscope and bolt to be measured, turnery processing is carried out to two end faces of bolt to be checked, positioning center hole is bored in machining end face.The present invention solves that big sized bolt appearance and size is larger, and Micro-residual-deformation accurately measures the technical barrier of presence, is that bolt ensures that load test and conformity assessment provide preferable method.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of measurement apparatus technical field of residual deformation, and in particular to a kind of that BIG SIZE BOLTS is carried out
Ensure after load test, the method for measuring bolt residual deformation belongs to mechanical property of materials detection means technical field.
Background technology
It is one of important mechanical test of bolt to ensure load test.Residual deformation characterizes bolt and is ensureing load work
With the change of rear bolt length, standard provides that the acceptability limit of residual deformation is ± 12.5 μm.Bolt is after load effect is ensured
It is on the occasion of standard is defined as positive and negative 12.5 μm, really provides the survey of residual deformation to generally produce micro elongation, i.e. residual deformation
Measure error allowed band.Because residual deformation is smaller, and big sized bolt appearance and size is larger, the accurate measurement of residual deformation
It is that bolt ensures load test and the key of conformity assessment.Presently relevant standard and open source literature there is no a kind of measurement side of specification
Method.Therefore, it is necessary to provide a kind of measuring method of residual deformation of bolt after proof load test, reduce measurement error, be bolt
Ensure that load test and conformity assessment provide accurate data.
The content of the invention
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, including tool microscope and bolt to be measured, to two ends of bolt to be checked
Face carries out turnery processing, and positioning center hole is bored in mach two end faces.Load is ensured using tool microscope measurement bolt
The difference of length before and after loading, as bolt ensure the residual deformation of load test.
The X of tool microscope can be moved along guide rail to two centrre rests of installation on slide unit, centrre rest and be fixed on appropriate position
Put.Two top positions and distance are adjusted according to bolt length, with two top clamping bolts, can steadily be turned after bolt clamping
It is dynamic.Bolt head end face（A ends）It is top be fixed on all the time X on slide unit, install or remove bolt when need to only unclamp screw thread end
End（B ends）Another is top.Optical orientation device is fixed on aligning microscope endoscope objective lenses.Bolt can with X to slide unit relative to
Optical orientation device is moved.
During measurement, lift microscope stand and mobile X is to slide unit, make optical orientation device gauge head gentle touchdown bolt B end face, light
Spot enters the definition of the double grooves of graticle three in eyepiece field of view, adjustment optical orientation device, and micro adjustment X makes rice to slide unit
The cross hairs of wordline graticle is enclosed on double groove centers, characterizes optical orientation device gauge head and is accurately positioned measurement position.Manual rotation
Bolt, double grooves will be moved relative to cross hairs, and moving range is B end face run-out deviations.The limit is moved to when making double grooves
Position, makees to indicate, characterizes measurement position W in B end faces and gauge head contact site1, fine setting X positions gauge head to slide unit, by digital Table X
Value is reset, i.e. measured value Z11For 0；Manual rotation bolt, makes double grooves be moved to another extreme position, in B end faces and gauge head
Contact site work indicates, characterizes measurement position W2, finely tune X and position gauge head, the digital Table X show value Z of record to slide unit21。
Bolt is removed, carries out ensureing tensile load experiment by standard regulation.Test rear bolt again clamping in X to slide unit
On, by above-mentioned steps positioning measurement position W1And W2And measure Z12And Z21Value.Residual deformation of bolt after proof load test △ L are pressed
Following formula is calculated：
Advantage of the present invention：Above-mentioned technical proposal is used, as long as bolt maximum gauge and length are in the maximum of tool microscope
Allow in clamping range, can complete the accurate measurement of residual deformation.It is not more than as 19JP types tool microscope can complete length
600mm, specification are not more than M64 bolt measurement.After micrometer calibration instrument, measurement error is not more than 1.5 microns.Have
The advantages of measurement range is big, measurement error is small, easy to operate, measurement efficiency is high.
Described positioning center hole is the hole of cone, and cone angle is 60 degree, and depth is 6 ~ 8mm.It is described at two
The central axis of the mach conical positioning center hole of end face is on same straight line.
The requirement that two end faces of described bolt carry out turnery processings is：Surface roughness Ra is 1.6 μm.
This technology is accurately positioned measurement position using optical orientation device and surveyed using conical centre bore bolt position
The micro length change of bolt is measured, the purpose for improving measurement accuracy is reached.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is measuring principle schematic diagram of the invention；
Bolt end face processing and measurement position schematic diagram of the Fig. 2 for the present invention；
Fig. 3 is optical orientation device measuring principle schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 4 is setting circle conical central hole diagrammatic cross-section of the invention；
In figure：1- bases, 2-X revolves to slide unit, 3- centrre rest tightening knobs, 4- centrre rests, 5- tail spindles, the top fastenings of 6-
Button, 7- positioning gauge heads, 8- optical orientation devices, 9- micro objectives, 10- eyepiece focus knobs, 11- microscope stands, 12- screw threads
Distal end faces, 13- bolts, 14- bolt heads, 15- bolt head end faces, 16- is top, 17- digital display meters, 18- grating scales, 19-
Rice wordline graticle, the double grooves of 20-, 21- cross hairs, 22- positions W2Mark, 23- positioning center holes, 24- positions W1Mark.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not any limitation as in any way, base
In present invention teach that any conversion or replacement made, belong to protection scope of the present invention.
The measurement apparatus of residual deformation of bolt after proof load test of the present invention, including tool microscope and spiral shell to be measured
Two end faces of bolt to be checked are carried out turnery processing, positioning center hole are bored in mach two end faces by bolt.
Described positioning center hole is conical hole.
The surface circular radius of described positioning center hole is 4 ~ 5mm.
The cone angle of described positioning center hole is 60 degree.
The depth of described positioning center hole is 6 ~ 8mm.
The requirement that described two end faces carry out turnery processing is：Surface roughness Ra is 1.6 μm.
The described conical shaft center line in mach two end faces is on same straight line.
Two top positions and distance are adjusted according to bolt length during described measurement device, with two top clamping spiral shells
After bolt, bolt clamping can smooth rotation, bolt head end face is fixed on slide unit, install or remove bolt when need to only unclamp screw thread
Another is top for end.
1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are described to the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
This bolt length for being used to test is 435mm, a diameter of 48mm.It is micro- that bolt produces number after load effect is ensured
Rice is to the micro elongation of some tens of pm, and its precision of slide measure direct measurement is generally 20 μm, it is impossible to meet standard requirement, therefore
Turnery processing is carried out to two end faces of bolt to be checked.As shown in Fig. 2 the surface roughness Ra of processing rear end face is 1.6 μm, institute
The central axis in the mach conical positioning center hole of two end faces stated is on same straight line.Bored in machining end face
The positioning center hole of cone, the radius of conical its surface circular of hole is 4 ~ 5mm, and cone angle is 60 degree, depth for 6 ~
8mm。
Such as Fig. 1, X is to slide unit 2 on the base 1 of tool microscope, and X is to the sliding position of slide unit 2 by being fixed on
The measurement of grating scale 18 of base 1 and digital display meter 17 show that the least count of digital display meter 17 is 0.5 μm.X installs two on slide unit 2
Individual centrre rest 4, centrre rest 4 can along X to slide unit 2 on guide rail move and be secured in place with centrre rest tightening knob 3.Root
Position and distance according to the length adjustment two top 16 of bolt 13, with two top 16 clamping bolts 13, after the clamping of bolt 13
Can smooth rotation.The bolt head end face 15 of bolt head 14（A ends）Centrre rest 4 be fixed on all the time X on slide unit 2, installing or
Screw tip end face 12 need to be only unclamped when removing bolt 13（B ends）Another top 16.Optical orientation device 8 is fixed on aiming
On micro objective 9.Bolt 13 can be moved with X to slide unit 2 relative to optical orientation device 8.
Measurement process such as Fig. 3, lifts microscope stand 11 and mobile X is to slide unit 2, makes the positioning gauge head 7 of optical orientation device 8 light
Micro- contact screw tip end face 12, hot spot enters the clear of double grooves 20 of graticle three in eyepiece field of view, adjustment optical orientation device 8
Clear degree, micro adjustment X makes a meter cross hairs for wordline graticle 19 21 be enclosed on double grooves 20 and hit exactly, characterize optical alignment to slide unit 2
The positioning gauge head 7 of device 8 is accurately positioned measurement position.Manual rotation bolt 13, double grooves 20 will be moved relative to cross hairs 21, be moved
Dynamic scope is the bounce deviation of screw tip end face 12.When double grooves are moved to extreme position, screw tip end face 12 with
Make position W in positioning gauge head 7 contact site2Mark 24, characterizes measurement position W1, fine setting X positions gauge head 7 to slide unit 2, by digital display meter
17 X values are reset, i.e. measured value Z11For 0；Manual rotation bolt 13, makes double grooves 20 be moved to another extreme position, in spiral shell
Line distal end faces 12 make position W with positioning gauge head 7 contact site1Mark 22, characterizes measurement position W2, finely tune X and positioned to slide unit 2
Gauge head 7, records the X show values Z of digital display meter 1721For 0.1875mm.
Bolt 13 is removed, bolt 13 is carried out by standard regulation to ensure tensile load experiment.Experiment rear bolt 13 is filled again
X is clipped in on slide unit 2, by above-mentioned steps positioning measurement position W1And measure Z12For 0.0085mm, positioning measurement position W2And survey
Measure Z22For 0.1980mm.Residual deformation of bolt after proof load test △ L are calculated as follows：
This measurement bolt appearance and size is larger, and the residual deformation measured value of micro elongation is 9.5 μm, is met no more than
12.5 μm of regulation, it is qualified for can determine that residual deformation of bolt after proof load test parameter, and implementation result is good, solves big rule
Lattice bolt appearance and size is larger, and Micro-residual-deformation accurately measures the technical barrier of presence.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of measurement apparatus of residual deformation of bolt after proof load test, including tool microscope, it is characterized in that：Instrument is micro-
The base of mirror（1）Upper setting X is to slide unit（2）, the two is slidably matched；Base（1）Upper setting grating scale（18）, cunning from X to slide unit 2
Dynamic position passes through grating scale（18）Measure and pass through digital display meter（17）Display；X is to slide unit（2）Upper setting two has centrre rest tight
Gu knob（3）Centrre rest（4）, centrre rest（4）With X to slide unit（2）It is slidably matched；Two centrre rests（4）It is respectively provided with tail spindle
（5）, tail spindle（5）Penetrate centrre rest（4）And pass through top tightening knob（6）It is fixed, two tail spindles（5）Coaxial correspondence；Work
Has microscopical micro objective（9）Upper setting optical orientation device（8）, optical orientation device（8）Positioning gauge head is set（7）；Treat
Two end faces for examining bolt carry out turnery processing, positioning center hole are bored in two end faces, with two top clamping bolts to be checked；Survey
During amount, lift microscope stand and move X to slide unit（2）, make optical orientation device（8）Positioning gauge head（7）Gentle touchdown screw thread end
Hold end face（12）, hot spot enters eyepiece field of view, adjusts optical orientation device（8）The definition of the interior double grooves of graticle three, it is micro
X is adjusted to slide unit（2）, a meter cross hairs for wordline graticle is enclosed on double groove centers, characterize positioning gauge head（7）It is accurately positioned survey
Measure position；Manual rotation bolt, double grooves will be moved relative to cross hairs, and moving range is screw tip end face（12）Jump
Dynamic deviation；When making double grooves be moved to extreme position, in screw tip end face（12）Make to indicate with positioning gauge head 7 contact site,
Characterize measurement position W1, X is finely tuned to slide unit（2）, positioning gauge head（7）, by digital display meter（17）X values reset, i.e. measured value Z11For
0；Manual rotation bolt, makes double grooves be moved to another extreme position, in screw tip end face（12）With positioning gauge head（7）Connect
Contact portion position work indicates, characterizes measurement position W2, finely tune X and position gauge head to slide unit, record digital display meter（17）X show values Z21；Take
Lower bolt, tensile load experiment ensure by standard regulation, experiment rear bolt again clamping in X to slide unit（2）On, by above-mentioned
Step positioning measurement position W1And W2And measure Z12And Z21Value；Residual deformation of bolt after proof load test △ L are calculated as follows：
。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310566241.8A CN103575228B (en) | 2013-11-13 | 2013-11-13 | A kind of measurement apparatus of residual deformation of bolt after proof load test |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310566241.8A CN103575228B (en) | 2013-11-13 | 2013-11-13 | A kind of measurement apparatus of residual deformation of bolt after proof load test |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103575228A CN103575228A (en) | 2014-02-12 |
| CN103575228B true CN103575228B (en) | 2017-08-01 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR101659271B1 (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2016-09-23 | 일륭기공(주) | Inspection device for imprints of the spline shaft |
| CN112556630A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-03-26 | 上海大学 | Intelligent high-precision measuring device for guaranteeing micro-deformation of load test by fastener |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101303450A (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2008-11-12 | 大连理工大学 | Multifunctional loading device for microscope stage |
| CN101806568A (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2010-08-18 | 温州市冠盛汽车零部件集团股份有限公司 | Tool for checking compressed length of vehicle driving shaft assembly |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4124700C2 (en) * | 1991-07-25 | 1993-11-18 | Schenck Ag Carl | Device for measuring deformations and / or crack lengths on samples or test specimens in testing machines |
| JP4051872B2 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2008-02-27 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | Measuring method of processing part and processing method |
| CN201322595Y (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2009-10-07 | 江苏罡阳动力转向器厂 | Symmetry degree detection tool for axial groove on surface of shaft part |
| CN201455750U (en) * | 2009-07-17 | 2010-05-12 | 襄樊福达东康曲轴有限公司 | Synchronous transmission device for crankshaft connecting rod journal grinding |
| CN201579842U (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2010-09-15 | 南京农业大学 | Micro woodworking lathe device |
| CN101839699B (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2011-11-30 | 清华大学 | Method for measuring residual deformation of micro-nano metallic interconnect |
| CN202141647U (en) * | 2011-06-24 | 2012-02-08 | 赵宏伟 | Cross-scale micro-nano-stage normal-position three-point bending mechanics performance testing platform |
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2013
- 2013-11-13 CN CN201310566241.8A patent/CN103575228B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101303450A (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2008-11-12 | 大连理工大学 | Multifunctional loading device for microscope stage |
| CN101806568A (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2010-08-18 | 温州市冠盛汽车零部件集团股份有限公司 | Tool for checking compressed length of vehicle driving shaft assembly |
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