CN103697089B - A kind of self-boosting type magnetic flow liquid braking device carrying out Brake energy recovery - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a self-energizing magneto-rheological fluid braking device capable of recovering braking energy, which is characterized in that it includes a driving gear fastened on the wheel axle, a driving gear fastened on the wheel The brake disc on the wheel shaft, a driven gear fastened to the driven shaft and meshed with the driving gear, a motor connected to one end of the driven shaft through a coupling, and a motor connected to the driven shaft in rotation. The magneto-rheological device at the other end of the driven shaft, a return spring connected between the spring base on the vehicle body and the housing of the magnetorheological device, one end ball hinged on the magnetorheological device A connecting rod on the housing, and a wedge-shaped self-energizing device with a ball hinged at the other end of the connecting rod. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, large braking torque, and can recover braking energy and reduce energy consumption. The invention can be widely used in the field of automobile braking.

Description

A self-energizing magneto-rheological fluid braking device capable of recovering braking energy

technical field

The invention relates to a vehicle braking device, in particular to a self-energizing magnetorheological fluid braking device capable of recovering braking energy.

Background technique

Magnetorheological fluid is a new type of intelligent material, which is a stable suspension liquid composed of ultrafine metal soft magnetic particles with high magnetic permeability and low magnetic hysteresis uniformly dispersed in a non-magnetic base fluid through a surfactant Tie. In the case of zero magnetic field, the viscosity is very low, and it appears as a free-flowing Newtonian fluid; under the action of an external magnetic field, it can be transformed into a high-viscosity, difficult-to-flow Bingham fluid within milliseconds, and this change is continuous. Instantaneous and reversible. At the same time, the shear stress of the magnetorheological fluid has a stable corresponding relationship with the magnitude of the applied magnetic field intensity (or current), which is easy to control. Based on these excellent properties of magnetorheological fluid, it has been widely used in military, automobile, construction, biological equipment and other fields. Magnetorheological fluid brake is an important branch of magnetorheological fluid application. Among them, the magnitude of the braking torque is an important index to measure the braking performance and scope of application of the magneto-rheological fluid brake. Therefore, how to improve the braking torque of magneto-rheological fluid brakes is also an important research direction in this field.

At present, measures to increase the braking torque can be mainly divided into two categories: 1) Increasing the braking torque by adopting a multi-disc structure or changing the shape of the brake disc. At present, many related studies have increased the number of brake discs, that is, double-disc or multi-disc magnetorheological fluid brakes. The double-disc or multi-disc structure can effectively increase the working area of magnetorheological fluid and achieve an increase in braking torque. In addition, the magneto-rheological fluid brake using the rotor as the impeller structure can also increase the braking torque. At this time, whether the rotor rotates with the wheel shaft can be controlled by cooperating with the clutch to avoid the relative motion of the impeller and the magneto-rheological fluid at zero magnetic field. resistance. There is also a method of amplifying the braking torque by using an electromagnetic clutch mechanism and a planetary speed increaser structure, and changing the braking torque by changing the speed-up ratio of the planetary speed-up mechanism. 2) When braking, the braking torque is increased by squeezing the solidified magnetorheological fluid. According to the characteristic that the shear yield stress of magnetorheological fluid can be effectively increased when it is under pressure, some studies add radial or axial pressure devices to magnetorheological fluid brakes to control the magnetorheological fluid during braking. Radial or axial pressure is carried out to increase the shear yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid, thereby increasing the braking torque. However, the above two methods for increasing the braking torque of the magneto-rheological fluid brake have certain deficiencies. Although the former can effectively increase the braking torque by increasing the number of brake discs or changing the structure of the brake disc, it also greatly increases the complexity of the brake structure, which is difficult to process and assemble, and has high requirements for the cooling system. Poor performance will have a great impact on the working performance of the magnetorheological fluid; the latter can increase the braking torque to a certain extent by squeezing the magnetorheological fluid, but the corresponding relationship between the magnitude of the squeezing force and the magnitude of the braking torque Complicated, it increases the difficulty of controlling the brake.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a self-energizing type with simple structure and assembly, which can recover braking energy and reduce energy consumption while effectively increasing the braking torque. Magneto-rheological fluid braking device.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a self-energizing magneto-rheological fluid braking device capable of recovering braking energy, characterized in that it includes a driving gear fastened to the wheel shaft , a brake disc fastened to the wheel shaft, a driven gear fastened to the driven shaft and meshed with the driving gear, and one end of the driven shaft to be rotatably connected to the driven shaft through a coupling A motor, a magneto-rheological device connected to the other end of the driven shaft, a return spring connected between the spring base on the vehicle body and the housing of the magnetorheological device, and a ball at one end A connecting rod hinged on the housing of the magneto-rheological device, and a wedge-shaped self-energizing device hinged at the other end of the connecting rod; wherein the magneto-rheological device includes a closed housing, the There is a circular groove in the airtight casing, and a shearing disc is arranged in the circular groove, and the driven shaft is fastened to the shearing disk after passing through the airtight casing; Filled with magnetorheological fluid; the periphery of the circular groove is provided with an annular coil; the wedge-shaped self-energizing device includes a moving wedge connected with the connecting rod, and the moving wedge is connected with the brake disc The adjacent side is connected with a brake lining; the other side of the moving wedge is a fixed wedge that fits with its wedge surface and is fixed on the car body. The rollers are in contact with the wedge faces of the moving wedges.

The airtight casing of the magnetorheological device includes a first magnetorheological casing, a second magnetorheological casing and an end cover. The first magnetorheological casing is a circular groove structure with an integrated The annular boss divides the inner space of the first magnetorheological casing into a circular groove and an annular groove, and the coil is arranged in the annular groove of the first magnetorheological casing Inside, the shearing disc is set in the circular groove of the first magneto-rheological housing and keyed to the driven shaft, and the shearing disc passes through the positioning boss of the driven shaft and the stop ring for axial positioning; the second magneto-rheological housing is connected to the driven shaft on the side of the open end of the first magnetorheological housing through a deep groove ball bearing, and the The shape of the second magneto-rheological housing matches the shape of the first magnetorheological housing, and the second magnetorheological housing and the first magnetorheological housing are connected by several circumferentially arranged screws Tightly connected into one body; the end cover is sleeved on the driven shaft close to the second magneto-rheological housing, and the end cover and the second magnetorheological housing are passed through several circumferentially arranged screws Tightly connected into one.

An annular groove is formed on the annular boss and the inner wall of the end cover, and O-rings are arranged in the two annular grooves.

The motor is a flat motor.

One of the first magneto-rheological casing and the second magnetorheological casing is provided with an oil inlet hole and an oil outlet hole communicating with the inner sealed chamber.

Because the present invention adopts the above technical scheme, it has the following advantages: 1. The present invention adopts a single-disc magneto-rheological device combined with a wedge-shaped self-energizing device, and the magneto-rheological device and the wedge-shaped self-energizing device are connected through a connecting rod Mechanical connection, high transmission efficiency and easy to achieve accurate control. The wedge-shaped self-energizing device adopts a wedge-shaped moving wedge on one side to connect the brake lining, and the other side is a fixed wedge that is matched with its wedge surface and fixed on the vehicle body, and the two are connected by roller rolling. During the braking process, when the magneto-rheological device pushes the connecting rod to move the moving wedge in the wedge-shaped self-energizing device, the fixed wedge transmits the reaction force to the moving wedge through the roller, so that the brake lining connected with the moving wedge Compared with the input force of the connecting rod on the moving wedge, the pressing force on the brake disc is increased, and the braking torque is effectively improved. The structure of the invention is simple, easy to install and disassemble, and the heat dissipation performance of the single disc structure is better. . 2. In the present invention, a motor is connected to the driven shaft where the magneto-rheological device is located, and the braking energy can be recovered during braking, and the recovered electric energy can be used for vehicle power-consuming equipment (such as lights, music players, etc.) Electricity is required. The motor does not need to be arranged coaxially with the wheel shaft, but it can be realized by adding a driving gear and a driven gear between the wheel shaft and the driven shaft. This arrangement simplifies the structure and effectively saves energy consumption. In addition, by adjusting the load of the motor and the size of the coil current, the coupling control of regenerative braking and mechanical braking can also be realized. The invention can be widely used in the field of automobile braking.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention

Fig. 2 is the structure schematic diagram of magneto-rheological device of the present invention

detailed description

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes driving gear 1, brake disc 2, driven gear 3, driven shaft 4, motor 5, magneto-rheological device 6, return spring 7, connecting rod 8 and wedge-shaped self-energizing force device9.

The driving gear 1 and the brake disc 2 are sequentially keyed to the wheel shaft 10 , and the driving gear 1 meshes with the driven gear 3 keyed to the driven shaft 4 . One end of the driven shaft 4 is rotatably connected to the motor 5 through a coupling 11 , and the other end is rotatably connected to the magneto-rheological device 6 . One end of the return spring 7 is connected to the casing of the magneto-rheological device 6 , and the other end is connected to the spring base 12 fixed on the vehicle body. One end of the connecting rod 8 is also ball-hinged to the housing of the magneto-rheological device 6 , and the other end is ball-hinged to the wedge-shaped self-energizing device 9 . The wedge-shaped self-energizing device 9 includes a moving wedge 91 connected to the connecting rod 8 , and a brake lining 92 is connected to the side of the moving wedge 91 adjacent to the brake disc 2 . The other side of moving wedge 91 is the fixed wedge 93 that matches with its wedge surface and is fixed on the car body, and the wedge surface of fixed wedge 93 has a groove, and some rollers 94 are arranged in rotation in the groove, and roller 94 Contact with the wedge surface of the moving wedge 91.

In the above embodiments, the motor 5 is a flat motor.

As shown in Figure 2, the magnetorheological device 6 includes a first magnetorheological housing 61, a coil 62, a shear disk 63, a deep groove ball bearing 64, a second magnetorheological housing 65, an end cover 66 and a magneto-rheological Change liquid67.

The first magneto-rheological casing 61 is a circular groove-shaped structure, and has an integrally arranged annular boss inside it, and the annular boss divides the inner space of the first magnetorheological casing 61 into a circular groove and an annular groove, Moreover, an annular groove is provided on the annular boss, and an O-ring 13 is embedded in the annular groove. The coil 62 is arranged in the annular groove of the first magneto-rheological casing 61, the shear disk 63 is arranged in the circular groove of the first magnetorheological casing 61 and keyed to the driven shaft 4, and the shear disk The driven shafts 4 on both sides of the 63 are respectively provided with a positioning boss and a retaining ring 14 to axially position the shearing disc 63 . The second magneto-rheological casing 65 is connected to the driven shaft 4 on the other side of the annular boss through a deep groove ball bearing 64, and the shape of the second magnetorheological casing 65 is consistent with that of the first magnetorheological casing 61. The shapes match, and the second magneto-rheological housing 65 and the first magneto-rheological housing 61 are tightly connected into one body by a plurality of circumferentially arranged screws. The end cover 66 is sheathed on the driven shaft 4 close to the second magneto-rheological housing 65 , and the end cover 66 and the second magnetorheological housing 65 are tightly connected into one body by a plurality of circumferentially arranged screws. The inner wall of the end cover 66 has an annular groove, and an O-ring 15 is embedded in the annular groove. The magnetorheological fluid 67 is arranged in a sealed chamber formed by the first magnetorheological casing 61 , the second magnetorheological casing 65 and the end cover 66 . Both the O-ring 13 and the O-ring 15 are used to prevent the magneto-rheological fluid 67 in the closed space formed by the first magneto-rheological casing 61 , the second magnetorheological casing 65 and the end cap 66 from flowing out.

In the above embodiments, the first magnetorheological casing 61 or the second magnetorheological casing 65 is provided with an oil inlet hole and an oil outlet hole (not shown in the figure) communicating with its internal sealed chamber, and the magnetorheological The liquid 67 can be added or flowed out of the sealed chamber from the oil inlet or outlet hole, and the magnetorheological fluid 67 fills up the cavity and seals the oil inlet.

Take the counterclockwise rotation of the wheel shaft 10 as an example below to illustrate the working principle of the present invention:

When the vehicle is running normally, the coil 62 is not charged, so the magneto-rheological fluid 67 behaves as a Newtonian fluid, and the brake lining 92 in the wedge-shaped self-energizing device 9 does not contact the brake disc 2 . The rotation of the wheel shaft 10 drives the driving gear 1 and the brake disc 2 sleeved thereon to rotate counterclockwise, the rotation of the driving gear 1 drives the meshing driven gear 3 to rotate, and the driven gear 3 drives the shaft coupling 11, the motor 5 and the magnet. The shear disk 63 in the rheological device 6 rotates clockwise synchronously. At this time, the resistance of the magnetorheological fluid 67 to the shearing disk 63 is only a small resistance caused by the viscosity of the liquid, so the influence of the resistance on the rotation of the shearing disk 63 can be ignored.

When the vehicle needs to be braked (the driver depresses the pedal to brake), the current passing through the coil 62 is controlled according to the required braking torque, and the coil 62 generates a magnetic field to instantly transform the magnetorheological fluid 67 into a solid-like state, driving the magnetorheological The device 6 rotates clockwise together with the driven shaft 4 . Now, the connecting rod 8 arranged on the housing of the magneto-rheological device 6 pushes the moving wedge 91 to rotate clockwise, and the moving wedge 91 is a wedge-shaped structure. When the reaction force is higher, the pressing force of the brake lining 92 on the brake disc 2 is increased compared with the input force of the connecting rod 8 on the moving wedge 91, and the braking torque is improved, which drives it to be fixedly connected with the moving wedge 91. The brake lining 92 presses the brake disc 2 to realize braking. Wherein, the roller 94 can effectively reduce the frictional force between the fixed wedge 93 and the moving wedge 91 during braking. During the braking process, the motor 5 recovers the braking energy, and the recovered electric energy can be used for the electric energy required by the power consumption equipment used in the vehicle. In addition, by adjusting the magnitude of the energized current on the coil 62, the rotational torque of the magneto-rheological fluid 67 to rotate the magnetorheological device 6 with the driven shaft 4 can be accurately controlled, and then the torque of the magnetorheological device 6 connected to the magnetorheological device 6 through the connecting rod 8 can be controlled. The magnitude of the braking force of the wedge-shaped self-energizing device 9 on the brake disc 2 . In addition, by adjusting the load of the motor 5 and the magnitude of the energized current of the coil 62, the coupling control of the regenerative braking and the mechanical braking can also be realized.

When the vehicle turns to normal running, the coil 62 is powered off, and the magneto-rheological fluid 67 is instantly transformed into a Newtonian fluid with low viscosity and high fluidity. The magneto-rheological device 6 rotates counterclockwise under the action of the return spring 7 provided on its housing, and then drives the connecting rod 8 to pull the moving wedge 91 to rotate counterclockwise. Since the pre-tightening force of the return spring 7 is relatively small, the influence on the magnitude of the braking torque during the braking process can be ignored.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, wherein the structure, connection mode and manufacturing process of each component can be changed to some extent, and any equivalent transformation and improvement carried out on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention should not excluded from the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. one kind can be carried out the self-boosting type magnetic flow liquid braking device of Brake energy recovery, its feature exists: it comprises one and is fastenedly connected the driving gear on wheel axle, one is fastenedly connected the brake disc on described wheel axle, one is fastenedly connected the driven gear engaged on driven shaft and with described driving gear, one is rotationally connected the motor of described driven shaft one end by coupling, one magnetorheological device being rotatably connected on the described driven shaft the other end, one is connected to the return spring between spring pedestal on car body and the housing of described magnetorheological device, the one wherein connecting rod of one end ball-joint on the housing of described magnetorheological device, and one ball-joint at the wedge shape self energizing effort device of the described connecting rod the other end,

Wherein, described magnetorheological device comprises a closed shell, has a circular trough in described closed shell, is provided with a shearing disk in described circular trough, is fastenedly connected after described driven shaft runs through described closed shell with described shearing disk; Also magnetic flow liquid is marked with in described circular trough; The periphery of described circular trough is provided with a circular coil;

Described wedge shape self energizing effort device comprises a mobile voussoir be connected with described connecting rod, and the side that described mobile voussoir is adjacent with described brake disc is connected with a brake lining; The opposite side of described mobile voussoir is match with its wedge surface and be fixed on the fixing voussoir on car body, and the wedge surface of described fixing voussoir rotates and arranges some rollers, described roller contacts with the wedge surface of described mobile voussoir.

2. a kind of self-boosting type magnetic flow liquid braking device carrying out Brake energy recovery as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the closed shell of described magnetorheological device comprises the first magnetorheological housing, second magnetorheological housing and end cap, described first magnetorheological housing is circle bathtub construction, its inside has the annular boss be wholely set, described first magnetorheological enclosure interior space is divided into a circular trough and a circular groove by described annular boss, described circular coil is arranged in the circular groove of described first magnetorheological housing, the interior also key of circular trough that described shearing disk is arranged on described first magnetorheological housing is connected on described driven shaft, and described shearing disk carries out axially locating by the positioning boss of described driven shaft and back-up ring, described second magnetorheological housing is connected on the described driven shaft of described first magnetorheological housing open-mouth end side by a deep groove ball bearing, and the matching form of the shape of described second magnetorheological housing and described first magnetorheological housing closes, the screw fastening that described second magnetorheological housing and described first magnetorheological housing are arranged by some circumferences links into an integrated entity, described end cap is set on the described driven shaft of described second magnetorheological housing, and the screw fastening that described end cap and the second magnetorheological housing are arranged by some circumferences links into an integrated entity.

3. a kind of self-boosting type magnetic flow liquid braking device carrying out Brake energy recovery as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described annular boss all offers an annular groove with described end cap inwall, in annular groove described in two, is provided with O RunddichtringO.

4. a kind of self-boosting type magnetic flow liquid braking device carrying out Brake energy recovery as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, is characterized in that: described motor is flat electric machine.

5. a kind of self-boosting type magnetic flow liquid braking device carrying out Brake energy recovery as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, is characterized in that: described first magnetorheological housing offers with on one of second magnetorheological housing the oil inlet hole and oil outlet that are communicated with its interior sealed chamber containing.