CN103857856A - Fluid Flow Hydrodynamic Separator with High Flow Bypass - Google Patents

Abstract

A system for separating waste material from a flowing stream of surface water includes a vertical cylindrical container (300) and a vertical structure (330) within the cylindrical container. The vertical structure includes an overflow structure having stacked filter elements (235, 240) and weirs (222, 224) sized to accommodate increased fluid flow both normal and due to abnormally high surface water flow conditions. The flow stream containing waste material under normal flow conditions enters the vessel and passes through a filtering wall (332) in the lower section of the vertical structure and exits through an effluent pipe (321). At higher flow conditions, the water flows through an overflow structure mounted on top of the lower cylindrical structure, which also filters some of the waste material from the surface water flow before being discharged into the effluent pipe.

Description

Fluid Flow Hydrodynamic Separator with High Flow Bypass

Cross References to Related Applications

This application claims the benefit of US Provisional Application 61/525650, filed August 19, 2011.

technical field

The present invention relates to hydrodynamic separator units designed to separate solid matter from surface water fluid flows into and through the unit under normal and abnormally high fluid flow conditions.

Background technique

An example of a prior art hydraulic separator is shown in US Patent No. 5,788,848. This patent shows a system comprising an inner and an outer non-concentric cylinder, the inner cylinder comprising a sieve section (sieve separator). The debris-laden stream is fed to the interior space within the inner cylindrical sieve separator; the material contained therein is retained inside and below the inner cylinder while the fluid flows from the inside of the inner sieve cylinder to the annular space between the inner and outer cylinders, and away from the surrounding outer cavity.

US 6241881 discloses a similar cylindrical waste separator comprising, on its upper part, an inlet for loaded inflow and an outlet for clean effluent. The separator comprises a cylindrical part, the lower part of which comprises a basket. The inflow stream containing solid matter flows in a rotational motion into the area inside the cylindrical section above the basket. Solid matter with a size larger than the mesh opening in the basket is retained within the cylinder and in the basket at the lower end of the cylinder, and a fluid with solid matter smaller than the mesh opening (called clean effluent) Out through the basket and cylinder wall. Clean effluent entering the peripheral region surrounding the basket and cylinder then flows upwards into the outlet pipe.

These arrangements have the disadvantage of clogging, as retained waste material (e.g. plastic bags, bottles, leaves, etc.) The inflow only flows through the upper part of the basket. Consequently, the large volume of waste clogging the walls of the basket reduces the flow capacity and separation efficiency of the liquid through the basket, and the inflow tends to bypass the separator and flow directly to the outlet through the weir.

U.S. Patent 6641720 shows a separator having a plurality of projecting sections adjacent to openings in the panel, each section extending from the surface of the panel at a location upstream of the respective opening so as to project into the fluid flow path, To form a substantially closed surface to liquid flowing over the screen, the intent is to prevent plugging of the openings in the screen.

An alternative hydraulic separator for municipal and industrial effluents is shown in EP Published Application 2181748, the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference, which comprises a tank with a centrally located cylindrical chamber , the cylindrical cavity has a cylindrical screen made of expanded or perforated metal in the space defined by the cylindrical cavity. In these separators, the fluid flowing into the separator circulates in the tank in the space outside the cylindrical chamber. The waste is trapped in a cyclone-like eddy that forms in the trough but outside the sieve cylinder and moves down to the bottom of the trough while the clean fluid flows through the side surface of the cylinder's expanded metal screen, and Exit from the bottom of the sieve chamber located in the middle.

The rotation of the peripheral effluent stream helps to avoid deposits of waste or particles on the screen so that the screen remains unclogged.

Contents of the invention

Units for the separation of particulate matter and solid waste, especially large-sized particles in flowing streams of surface water, consist of cylindrical filter structures over which the effluent stream flows. The filter structure separates solid waste of a specific size that cannot pass through the filter structure from a cleaning stream that flows through the filter to a downstream outlet chamber from which an effluent stream of retained solid waste cleans out. Solid waste particles of a size smaller than the pores of the sieve cylinder can also be captured by the eddy concentration, eddy separation and particle deposition processes inherent in flow conditions. The filter structure consists of a screen designed to be passed through by a flow stream, an inlet chamber and an outlet chamber, both contained in the groove. Large-sized solid waste that cannot pass through the filter structure is collected at the bottom of the inlet cavity. The separator unit also includes structure on top thereof designed to divert excess fluid flow beyond the designed capacity of the separator. This internal bypass structure consists of a combination of additional filter structures and overflow weirs to filter and direct the bypass of very large flows exceeding the design capacity of the main screen cylinder. This bypass structure provides screening treatment for large bypass flows, as well as barrier retention of floating solids.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a vertical axial cross-section showing a hydrodynamic separator described in EP 2181748, and Figure 2 is a horizontal cross-section.

Figure 3 is a vertical axial cross-sectional view of a separator incorporating features of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3 surrounded by circle B in FIG. 3 .

FIG. 5 is a top view of the separator taken along line 5-5 of FIG. 3 .

6 is a schematic diagram showing the left side of the bypass system shown in FIG. 4 and the flow path of fluid through the left side during high flow conditions.

Figure 7 is a perspective view in vertical section of the separator of Figure 3 prior to placement of the overflow structure.

FIG. 8 is a top view of the separator taken along line 8-8 of FIG. 7 .

Detailed ways

A hydraulic separator is described and illustrated herein for use in separating solid matter from liquid surface water streams, such as urban and industrial storm runoff containing waste materials. This structure is typically used to separate debris from an incoming stream before more delicate processing can be applied to the flowing stream. Separator 10 (shown in FIGS. 3-6 ) includes an upper extension 12 , referred to herein as a Quad Bypass Tower. This configuration is an improvement over prior art structures such as those shown in Figures 1 and 2 .

Referring to Figure 1, the barrier plate 333 comprises a solid walled hollow cylinder mounted on top of the main screen cylinder 332 which can be made by expanding, perforating, stamping, slotting or otherwise Porous to provide sieve material. The rise of the top of this cylinder is set such that there is a relative height of about 1 to 2 feet above the desired water rise for flow across the bypass weir 344 , which is in the separation transfer vault 340 . The transfer weir structure shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 includes an overflow weir plate 344 . The weir diverts the flow into the slot 300 under normal flow conditions. However, in the event of a high flow, a portion of this flow passes over the weir 344 and is discharged unfiltered directly to the discharge chamber 349 and thereafter to the effluent discharge 350 .

Separators consist of a hydraulic volume bounded by a tank with an inlet for an inflow stream containing waste and an outlet for an effluent stream from which large particles have been removed.

To achieve separation, the separator is divided into an inlet chamber and an outlet chamber, the screen is designed to retain large particles, which collect in front of the screen or at the bottom of the separator. The cleaning of the screen is achieved by the circular movement of the effluent stream inside the separator. Clean effluent flows through the screen without disturbing the screen and exits at the outlet.

The expanded, perforated, punched or slotted screen has a smooth metal separating face (eg stainless steel) with openings therethrough. The screen surface is mounted vertically inside the trough.

The effluent stream flowing along the separating face induces a circular motion of the stream and the larger sized waste (ie heavy solids) is carried in a circular motion towards the center to drop to the bottom of the separator below the screen. Through vortex concentration, vortex separation and sedimentation, solid waste particles whose size is smaller than the pores of the sieve cylinders can also be captured along with larger particles.

Figures 7 and 8 show a hydrodynamic separator 10, similar to that shown in Figures 1 and 2, prior to including an upper extension 12 and incorporating features of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3 and better shown in FIG. 4, the main difference of the hydraulic separators of FIGS. 7 and 8 with respect to FIGS. Upper extension 12 (quadrilateral bypass tower). This upper extension 12 allows large flows to bypass the separation/screening chamber (eg as shown in Figure 6) while still undergoing screening and barrier treatment. In Figures 1 and 2, high flows will bypass over weir 344 (which is located in the separation structure upstream of separator 10) and these bypass flows will not receive screening or blocking treatment. The quadrilateral bypass column 12 allows the hydraulic separator 10 to be placed directly in the pipeline alignment, and directly in the flow path, without the need for a separate upstream weir structure (which makes surrounding the unit's high flow rate transfer).

Larger installations, such as municipal equipment, require separate structures to divert process flow. On the other hand, the quadrilateral bypass column 12 is suitable for installations in areas with medium-to-small flow rates and with flow domains of defined size. The bypass tower 12 allows this plant to accommodate projected flows from 25, 50 or 100 year storm events.

Referring to Figures 1, 2, 7 and 8, the separator includes a cylindrical treatment tank 300, 100 with a circular cross-section, and the cylindrical treatment tank 300, 100 has a cylindrical-shaped separation barrier 330, 130, which is installed In the center of the volume of the treatment tank 300,100. The dividing barrier 330, 130 comprises a solid wall lower portion 334, 134, a cylindrical separation screen 332, 132 on top of said lower portion, and a solid wall cylindrical separation screen 332, 132 on top of the separation screen 332, 132 surrounding the internal channel 320, 120 Shaped separation barriers 333,133.

The assembly formed by the lower part 334, 134, the screen 332, 132 and the upper part 333, 133 subdivides the processing tank 300, 100 into an outer inlet chamber 310, 110, which receives the loaded effluent, and an inner outlet chamber, from which the cleaned effluent is discharged. Mouth 320,120. The internal cavity 320 , 120 is connected to the effluent discharge by a tube 321 , 121 opening from the bottom of the internal cavity 320 , 120 . The effluent discharge pipe 321 , 121 also acts as an outlet siphon which minimizes the deposition of very fine suspended particles in the filtered liquid flowing through the screen 332 , 132 from accumulating in this part of the flow path.

The pipe 321 , 121 opens towards the bottom of the discharge chamber 349 , which is located below the input channel 341 , 141 through which the flow is sent to the treatment tank 300 , 100 . The inflow stream containing waste material flows sequentially through the inflow discharge openings 341, 141 to the transfer weir block 340 and then tangentially to the tanks 300, 100 as indicated by the arrows in FIG. The inflow then flows in a vortex inside the outer chamber 310 , 110 following the direction of rotation indicated by the two arrows F301 . Waste in the incoming stream is washed from the outer surfaces of the screens 332,132 as a result of the swirling flow. This allows cleaning effluent to flow through the screen, leaving macroscopic waste in the peripheral space outside the surface of the cylindrical screen, and the cleaning effluent is then discharged through the interior cavity 320, 120 and out through the effluent discharge ports 321, 121.

Typically, the hydraulic separators have a diameter of about 0.3 to about 10 meters and a height of about 0.6 to 15 meters, respectively. Access holes 302 on the cover 301 of the tank 300 provide access into the external unit 310 and also to the outside of the screen 332 .

In previous designs (for example in US Patent US 6241881), the loaded influent flowed into the space enclosed by the screen and was filtered by passing outward through the screen so that the removed solid material easily filled the space inside the cylindrical screen . In current separators, the feed stream is sent to the outside of the screen, and the stream is around the outer surface of the screen through which the inflow passes to provide a filtered stream from the space inside the cylindrical screen. leave.

Referring to Figures 3, 4 and 6, the screened, blocked and bypassed flow in a unit comprising a quadrilateral bypass tower exposed to high fluid flow is described below. This enhancement allows high fluid flows to bypass the main filtration system while still being processed in a single manhole configuration, making it proportional to the currently available manhole units shown in Figures 1 and 2 or such as in the existing manhole units described above. The inside-to-outboard flow splitter shown in the art is more versatile. The flow mentioned below is best shown in Figure 6. The hydraulics of this screened flow through the quadrilateral bypass column minimize clogging.

The quadrilateral bypass column in the preferred embodiment includes a first filter structure screen 235 , preferably a metal screen, attached to the base 202 on top of a barrier plate 333 . Above the first filter structure is a second filter structure which in a preferred embodiment comprises upwardly extending spaced apart rods. In a further preferred embodiment, the rods are arranged in a conical manner. Above the second filter structure is a cylindrical vertical wall 222 which acts as a first weir so that excess fluid input flows across its top. Extending above and below the top of the cylindrical vertical wall 222 is a cylindrical suspension baffle 224 having a diameter greater than the diameter of the cylindrical vertical wall 222 . The cylindrical suspended baffle 224 also acts as a weir, over the top of which the larger excess input fluid flows to accommodate very high bypass flow conditions. Although the first filter structure 235 and the second filter structure 240 are shown as a metal screen and a rod screen, respectively, those skilled in the art will recognize that other alternative filter structures could be utilized. The intent is to provide a filtering function to remove at least a portion of the waste material in an overflow situation while allowing the same or greater flow of clean (i.e., less waste-containing) flow through the filter structure and from the interior cavity 320, 120 into the intermediately located exit. For example, any combination of screens, meshes, rods or porous flow barriers can be used.

In the event of a high flow situation, the first bypass flow 200 passes through a first filter structure (perforated, punched, slotted or expanded metal screen) 235 mounted on the base 202 . It acts as a non-blocking screen, like the primary separator screen 132 in the lower cylinder as described above.

As the flow rate increases, the second bypass flow 210 passes through a second filter structure (rod screen) 240 . The rod screen 240 can comprise vertically oriented spaced apart rods, but in a preferred arrangement it is configured as a cone as shown. The second bypass flow 210 is intended to handle larger volumes of fluid as the influent flow rate increases. Because a bar screen tends to cause waste material to pin against its surface, this tendency to pin is mitigated by placing the bars at a downwardly sloping angle in a conical configuration. With this configuration, trapped material readily slides down off the surface of the rod.

As the flow rate increases further, the unscreened third bypass flow 220 is allowed to overflow across the top 223 of the cylindrical vertical wall 222 (acting as a weir) and into the center of the interior cavity 120 . However, some waste blocking is provided by the cylindrical suspended baffle plate 224, which retains the flotage and also acts as another weir.

Bypass flow 230 occurs if very high traffic is encountered. The flow continues, unfiltered, up outside the top of the cylindrical suspended baffle 224 , and then across the top, and into the interior cavity 120 . In this flow condition, the first, second and third bypass flows 200 , 210 , 220 are at maximum flow and all of the flow enters the center of the internal cavity 120 .

The separator 10 may also be configured to include a discharge pipe (not shown) passing through the wall of the unit, the inlet of which is positioned at the same height as the top of the suspended baffle. The inclusion of this additional drain is governed by hydraulic conditions and is intended to drain fluid only under the most severe flow conditions, which far exceed the normal design capacity of the separator 10 .

The various components of the system are sized with respect to each other to allow acceptable flow through the system without any internal flow obstruction. Referring to Figure 4 (not drawn to exact dimensions, but for ease of illustration of the feature), the following dimensions are provided as an example of the first embodiment, which has a 24" ID inlet tube, and are not intended to be critical to the present disclosure. Scope limitation.

Referring to Figure 6:

d ₀ = diameter (Φ) of inlet pipe 345 24 in

d ₁ = Diameter (Φ) of sieve cylinder 235 20 in

d ₂ = top diameter (Φ) of rod screen cylinder 240 28 in

d ₃ = Diameter (Φ) of the cylindrical suspension baffle 224 34 in

h ₁ = height of sieve cylinder 235 8 in

_h2 = height of rod screen cylinder 240 8 in

_h3 = height of cylindrical vertical wall 222 20 in

_h4 = sinking depth of cylindrical vertical wall 222 20 in

_h5 = height of suspended barrier cylinder 224 20 in

Opening area (α) of perforated, stamped, slotted or expanded screens 0.33%,

Opening area of conical rod sieve (β) 0.5%

First bypass flow rate 200, (Q) 10.15 ft ³ /s

Circumferential weir length of cylindrical overflow weir 222, (L=π·d ₂ ) 7.33-ft,

q = 1.385(ft ³ /s)/ft, = Q/L, (unit weir flow rate)

D _c =0.390-ft, (q ² /g) ^1/3 (critical depth of circular weir) =4.7-in

H _m = 0.586-ft, 3/2·D _c , minimum hydraulic head above circular weir = 7.0-in.

While can be projected for 25, 50 and 100 year storm events and represents a possible set of sizes for a four bypass system, those skilled in the art can readily base on more or less normal flow conditions based on the teachings herein and excess traffic to adjust these dimensions.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the disclosure set forth herein is not limited to the specific embodiments shown or described herein. It should also be appreciated that the bypass systems described herein are not limited to outside-to-inside flow hydraulic separators, but can be readily adapted to be added to inside-to-outside flow configurations as shown in the prior art, e.g. as above.

Claims (10)

1. the improved system for the mobile stream separate waste material from surface water, within described system comprises vertical hydrostatic column and is positioned at the inwall of described hydrostatic column and vertical cylindrical structural with interval, described system is sized to the normal fluid flow that adapts to planning, and is arranged to comprise the mobile stream of the waste materials that enters described container:

A. flow in the inwall of described hydrostatic column and the peripheral space between described cylindrical structural wherein,

B. described mobile stream is through the perforated wall part of described cylindrical structural, and

C. the outflow property management at the part place, bottom by being positioned at the central space that is enclosed in described cylindrical structural is left,

Described improvement comprises the flow structure being arranged in described hydrostatic column and on the top section of described cylindrical structural, described flow structure comprises the combination on one or more upwardly extending filtrations and one or more weirs, the combination on described one or more upwardly extending filtrations and one or more weirs is sized to and receives the flow of the normal fluid flow that exceeds described planning at least a portion from waste materials described in the described traffic filtering exceeding, and be sized to this flow exceeding is directed to described outflow property management, wherein:

A. exceeding first the increasing under flow rate of normal fluid flow of described planning, the amount of the described increase of flow is through the first overflow filtration,

B. increase second of flow rate and increase under flow rate exceeding described first, the described second amount increasing of flow is through the second overflow filtration,

C. under the 3rd increase flow rate that exceeds described the second increase flow rate, the described the 3rd amount increasing of flow strides across weir, and

D. under the 4th increase flow rate that exceeds described the 3rd increase flow rate, the described the 4th amount increasing of flow strides across the second weir,

Pass described flow structure to exceed whole fluid flows of the normal fluid flow of the described planning that enters described improved system, and leave described improved system by effluent passage.

2. improved system according to claim 1, wherein, described one or more upwardly extending filtrations comprise the excellent barrier that sieves or interval separate.

3. improved system according to claim 2, wherein, described one or more upwardly extending filtrations comprise two filtrations, the first filtration comprises perforated metal sieve, and the second filtration comprises the excellent opening barrier that interval separates.

4. improved system according to claim 3, wherein, described the first filtration comprises the cylindrical metal sieve being vertically oriented.

5. improved system according to claim 3, wherein, described the second filtration comprises the excellent opening barrier that the interval of layout separates with circular cone configuration, the top diameter of described circular cone configuration is greater than the base diameter of described circular cone configuration.

6. improved system according to claim 1, wherein, the first weir comprises cylindrical barrier, described cylindrical barrier is installed to the top of described the second overflow filtration.

7. improved system according to claim 1, wherein, the second weir comprises cylindrical barrier, described cylindrical barrier on the top on the first weir and under extend, the second weir has the diameter larger than the diameter on described the first weir, so that outside and inside on described the second weir all exist flow channel, the flow channel of described inside is in the outside on described the first weir.

8. the system for the mobile stream separate waste material from surface water, described system comprises vertical hydrostatic column and vertical structure, within described vertical structure comprises the inwall that is positioned at described hydrostatic column and stacking filter element and weir with interval, described system is sized to the situation of the normal fluid flow that adapts to planning and the situation due to the planning fluid flow of the increase of abnormal high surface water flow, and described system is configured to make to comprise the mobile stream of the waste materials that enters described container:

A. flow in the peripheral space between the inwall of described hydrostatic column and the described vertical structure in described hydrostatic column,

B. described mobile stream is through the filter wall part of described vertical structure, and

C. the outflow property management at the part place, bottom by being positioned at the central space that is enclosed in described cylindrical structural inside is left,

Described system comprises cylindrical structural and flow structure, described cylindrical structural is in the hydrostatic column of normal discharge that is designed to adaptation planning, described flow structure is arranged in described hydrostatic column and on the top section of described cylindrical structural, described cylindrical structural comprises at least one vertical cylinder shape filtering element, and described flow structure comprises the combination on one or more upwardly extending filtrations and one or more weirs, the combination on described one or more upwardly extending filtrations and one or more weirs is sized to and receives the flow of the normal fluid flow that exceeds described planning at least a portion from waste materials described in the described traffic filtering exceeding, and be sized to this flow exceeding is directed to described outflow property management.

9. system according to claim 8, wherein, described flow structure comprises:

A. the first overflow filtration, it is sized to the first increase flow rate of filtering the normal fluid flow that exceeds described planning,

B. the second overflow filtration, it is sized to and filters the second increase flow rate that exceeds described the first increase flow rate,

C. the first weir, it is attached to the top of described the second overflow filtration, described the first weir is sized to and adapts to further flow and increase, and the top that strides across described the first weir by flowing is provided to toward being enclosed in entering of central space in described vertical structure, and

D. the second weir, its on described the first weir crest portion and under extend,

So that the whole fluid flows in the normal abnormal fluid flow with planning of planning all enter described system, and leave described system by described effluent passage, and at least a portion of described waste materials is filtered and is stopped by multiple filtrations, to do not leave described structure by described effluent passage.

10. the system for the mobile stream separate waste material from surface water, described system comprises vertical hydrostatic column and vertical structure, within described vertical structure comprises the inwall that is positioned at described hydrostatic column and stacking filter element and weir with interval, described system is sized to the situation of the normal fluid flow that adapts to planning and the situation due to the planning fluid flow of the increase of abnormal high surface water flow, and described system is configured to make to comprise the mobile stream of the waste materials that enters described container:

A. flow at the inwall of described hydrostatic column and be arranged in the space within the described vertical structure of described hydrostatic column,

B. described mobile stream is through the filter wall part of described vertical structure, and

C. the outflow property management at the part place, bottom by being positioned at described hydrostatic column is left,

Described system comprises cylindrical structural and flow structure, described cylindrical structural is in the hydrostatic column of normal discharge that is designed to adaptation planning, described flow structure is arranged in described hydrostatic column and on the top section of described cylindrical structural, described cylindrical structural comprises at least one vertical cylinder shape filtering element, and described flow structure comprises the combination on one or more upwardly extending filtrations and one or more weirs, the combination on described one or more upwardly extending filtrations and one or more weirs is sized to and receives the flow of the normal fluid flow that exceeds described planning at least a portion from waste materials described in the described traffic filtering exceeding, and be sized to this flow exceeding is directed to described outflow property management.

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