CN103941679B - Roller compaction construction real-time quality monitoring method is filled out/poured to narrow deep river valley dam - Google Patents
Roller compaction construction real-time quality monitoring method is filled out/poured to narrow deep river valley dam Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种窄深河谷大坝填/浇筑碾压施工质量实时监控方法,通过监控终端实时采集碾压机的定位数据及激振力数据,并通过ZIGBEE坝区无线通讯网络及Internet网络传输至总控中心服务器端;总控中心服务器端实时分析定位数据的精度,根据分析结果通过Internet网络及ZIGBEE坝区无线通讯网络控制定位补偿站内的智能全站仪,采用智能全站仪跟踪碾压机的定位数据确保碾压机定位精度满足需求,现场分控站或总控中心监控终端计算机读取服务器端的碾压机定位数据及激振力数据,实时生成及显示监控结果,供现场监理和施工人员使用以对大坝填/浇筑碾压施工质量进行实时监控和管理。本发明确保碾压机械定位精度和大坝碾压施工质量实时监控系统能够正常运行和使用。
A real-time monitoring method for filling/pouring rolling construction quality of a narrow and deep valley dam. The positioning data and exciting force data of the rolling machine are collected in real time through the monitoring terminal, and are transmitted to the general control through the ZIGBEE dam area wireless communication network and the Internet network. The center server side; the master control center server side analyzes the accuracy of the positioning data in real time, controls the intelligent total station in the positioning compensation station through the Internet network and the ZIGBEE dam area wireless communication network according to the analysis results, and uses the intelligent total station to track the positioning of the rolling machine The data ensures that the positioning accuracy of the rolling machine meets the requirements. The on-site sub-control station or the monitoring terminal computer of the general control center reads the positioning data and excitation force data of the rolling machine on the server side, and generates and displays monitoring results in real time for on-site supervisors and construction personnel. Real-time monitoring and management of the construction quality of dam filling/pouring and rolling. The invention ensures that the positioning accuracy of the rolling machine and the real-time monitoring system of the rolling construction quality of the dam can be normally operated and used.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种水利水电工程大坝填(浇)筑碾压施工质量实时监控。特别是涉及一种窄深河谷大坝填/浇筑碾压施工质量实时监控方法。The invention relates to a real-time monitoring of the construction quality of filling (pouring) and rolling of dams in water conservancy and hydropower projects. In particular, it relates to a method for real-time monitoring of filling/pouring rolling construction quality of narrow and deep valley dams.
背景技术Background technique
随着筑坝技术的发展,200m级甚至300m级的高土石坝工程、碾压混凝土坝工程陆续涌现,高坝的出现对大坝填(浇)筑的施工质量控制提出了更高的要求。大坝填(浇)筑传统的质量控制方法包括监理旁站、试坑检测和核子密度仪检测等,这些传统的方法依赖于人力劳动,效率低下,容易受人为因素的影响,另一方面,试坑检测、核子密度仪检测属于现场抽样检测,无法真实反映整个碾压仓面的压实质量,容易造成不易被发现且无法弥补的质量缺陷。因此,依靠传统的监控方法已经无法满足日益提高的高坝施工质量控制要求。With the development of dam construction technology, 200m or even 300m high earth-rock dam projects and roller compacted concrete dam projects have emerged one after another. The emergence of high dams puts forward higher requirements for the construction quality control of dam filling (pouring). The traditional quality control methods of dam filling (pouring) include supervision of side stations, test pit inspection and nuclear density instrument inspection, etc. These traditional methods rely on human labor, are inefficient, and are easily affected by human factors. On the other hand, Test pit inspection and nuclear density meter inspection belong to on-site sampling inspection, which cannot truly reflect the compaction quality of the entire rolling chamber surface, and may easily cause quality defects that are difficult to be found and irreparable. Therefore, relying on traditional monitoring methods has been unable to meet the increasing quality control requirements of high dam construction.
大坝碾压施工质量监控系统从初步探索应用到成功应用于糯扎渡心墙堆石坝、龙开口碾压混凝土坝等国内高坝的施工过程中经过了一系列的创新和改进,目前实现了对碾压遍数、压实厚度、碾压机行进速度、激振力状态等施工参数的实时监控、分析及成果显示,从而实现了对大坝碾压施工过程的精细化、全天候的实时监控管理,弥补了传统的大坝填(浇)筑质量控制方法的不足,大大提高了大坝碾压施工的质量控制和管理水平。高土石坝、高碾压混凝土坝施工过程中引进大坝碾压施工质量监控系统加强大坝碾压施工质量控制已是大势所趋,然而,受地形的制约,对于建设于窄深河谷内的高土石坝、高碾压混凝土坝,会遇到GNSS定位精度时常无法满足需求、无运营商2G/3G网络覆盖的情况,导致仅采用GNSS定位、采用运营商2G/3G网络进行数据传输的大坝碾压施工质量监控系统已无法满足窄深河谷内高土石坝或高碾压混凝土坝的碾压施工质量监控的需求。因此,采取应用智能全站仪的定位补偿技术对GNSS定位进行补偿,建设ZIGBEE坝区无线网络进行数据传输对确保大坝填(浇)筑碾压施工质量实时监控系统正常工作而提高大坝碾压施工质量管理水平具有十分重要的意义。The dam roller compaction construction quality monitoring system has undergone a series of innovations and improvements in the construction process from initial exploration and application to successful application in the construction of Nuozhadu core rockfill dam, Longkou RCC dam and other domestic high dams. Real-time monitoring, analysis and result display of construction parameters such as the number of rolling passes, compaction thickness, rolling speed, and state of exciting force have been realized, thus realizing the refined and all-weather real-time monitoring of the dam rolling construction process. Monitoring and management makes up for the shortcomings of traditional dam filling (pouring) construction quality control methods, and greatly improves the quality control and management level of dam rolling construction. It is the general trend to introduce the dam rolling construction quality monitoring system to strengthen the quality control of dam rolling construction during the construction of high earth-rock dams and high roller compacted concrete dams. Dams and high roller compacted concrete dams often encounter the situation that the GNSS positioning accuracy cannot meet the demand and there is no operator 2G/3G network coverage, resulting in dams that only use GNSS positioning and use the operator 2G/3G network for data transmission. The rolling construction quality monitoring system has been unable to meet the needs of rolling construction quality monitoring of high earth-rock dams or high roller compacted concrete dams in narrow and deep river valleys. Therefore, adopting the positioning compensation technology of the intelligent total station to compensate the GNSS positioning, and building the wireless network in the ZIGBEE dam area for data transmission will ensure the normal operation of the real-time monitoring system for the quality of the dam filling (pouring) rolling construction and improve the quality of the dam rolling. It is of great significance to improve the level of construction quality management.
目前,智能全站仪应用方面的研究主要涉及变形观测(袁天奇,张冰.大坝外部变形监测技术现状与发展趋势[J].水力发电,2003,29(6):52-55)、控制测量(魏建飞.大隆水利枢纽工程施工测量的受控性和时效性[J].水利水电技术,2005,36(12):16-19;以及,白少云,肖成良.应用TCA2003全站仪对庙林电站工程控制网精度的误差分析.水利水电技术,2007,38(12):62-65)及厚度检测(王刚,石宝杰,李宏.全站仪在隧洞喷射混凝土厚度检测中的应用[J].水利水电技术,2009,40(6):80-82)等静态测量中,均未涉及智能全站仪对动态施工机械空间位置进行连续测量的研究,将智能全站仪应用于大坝碾压施工质量实时监控中的研究更是未见报道。以往的大坝碾压施工质量实时监控中数据的传输多采用运营商2G/3G网络,通过构建坝区ZIGBEE无线通讯网络进行数据传输的未见报道。At present, the research on the application of intelligent total stations mainly involves deformation observation (Yuan Tianqi, Zhang Bing. Current status and development trend of dam external deformation monitoring technology [J]. Hydropower, 2003,29(6):52-55), control Measurement (Wei Jianfei. The controllability and timeliness of the construction measurement of Dalong Water Conservancy Project[J]. Water Conservancy and Hydropower Technology, 2005, 36(12): 16-19; and Bai Shaoyun, Xiao Chengliang. Application of TCA2003 total station to the Error Analysis of Control Network Accuracy of Miaolin Hydropower Station. Water Conservancy and Hydropower Technology, 2007,38(12):62-65) and thickness detection (Wang Gang, Shi Baojie, Li Hong. Application of Total Station in Tunnel Shotcrete Thickness Detection[ J]. Water Conservancy and Hydropower Technology, 2009, 40(6): 80-82) and other static measurements, did not involve the research on the continuous measurement of the spatial position of dynamic construction machinery by intelligent total stations, and the application of intelligent total stations to large Research on real-time monitoring of dam rolling construction quality has not been reported. In the past, data transmission in the real-time monitoring of dam rolling construction quality mostly used the operator's 2G/3G network, and there is no report on data transmission through the construction of ZIGBEE wireless communication network in the dam area.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题是,提供一种在窄深河谷中GNSS定位精度时常不能满足需求、无运营商2G/3G网络覆盖的情况下,能够实现碾压机械定位精度满足需求,且实现数据无线传输的窄深河谷大坝填/浇筑碾压施工质量实时监控方法。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method that can realize the positioning accuracy of the rolling machine to meet the requirements and realize the data positioning accuracy in the narrow and deep valleys where the GNSS positioning accuracy often cannot meet the requirements and there is no operator 2G/3G network coverage. A method for real-time monitoring of filling/pouring and rolling construction quality of narrow and deep valley dams through wireless transmission.
本发明所采用的技术方案是:一种窄深河谷大坝填/浇筑碾压施工质量实时监控方法,通过安装于碾压机上的监控终端实时采集碾压机的定位数据及激振力数据,并通过ZIGBEE坝区无线通讯网络及Internet网络传输至总控中心服务器端;总控中心服务器端实时分析定位数据的精度,判断GNSS定位精度是否满足精度要求,然后根据分析结果通过Internet网络及ZIGBEE坝区无线通讯网络控制定位补偿站内的智能全站仪,采用智能全站仪跟踪碾压机的定位数据替代受窄深河谷地形因素制约而定位精度不能满足需求的GNSS定位数据,确保碾压机定位精度满足需求,现场分控站或总控中心监控终端计算机读取服务器端的碾压机定位数据及激振力数据,实时生成及显示监控结果,供现场监理和施工人员使用以对大坝填/浇筑碾压施工质量进行实时监控和管理。The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a method for real-time monitoring of the construction quality of narrow and deep river valley dam filling/pouring and rolling, in which the positioning data and excitation force data of the rolling machine are collected in real time through the monitoring terminal installed on the rolling machine, And through the ZIGBEE dam area wireless communication network and Internet network to transmit to the server of the general control center; the server of the general control center analyzes the accuracy of the positioning data in real time, judges whether the GNSS positioning accuracy meets the accuracy requirements, and then passes the Internet network and the ZIGBEE dam according to the analysis results. The district wireless communication network controls the intelligent total station in the positioning compensation station, and uses the intelligent total station to track the positioning data of the rolling machine to replace the GNSS positioning data that is restricted by the terrain factors of narrow and deep valleys and whose positioning accuracy cannot meet the requirements, so as to ensure the positioning of the rolling machine The accuracy meets the requirements. The on-site sub-control station or the monitoring terminal computer of the master control center reads the positioning data and exciting force data of the roller compactor on the server side, and generates and displays the monitoring results in real time, which are used by on-site supervisors and construction personnel to monitor the dam filling/ Real-time monitoring and management of pouring and rolling construction quality.
具体包括如下步骤:Specifically include the following steps:
(1)开启总控中心服务器端;(1) Open the server side of the master control center;
(2)实时接收各碾压机GNSS定位数据及激振力数据;(2) Receive GNSS positioning data and exciting force data of each rolling machine in real time;
(3)判断是否开始对碾压仓面进行实时监控,否,进入步骤(2),是,进入步骤(4);(3) Determine whether to start real-time monitoring of the rolling chamber surface, if no, go to step (2), if yes, go to step (4);
(4)服务器端实时分析各碾压机的GNSS定位数据,并判断碾压机GNSS定位数据精度是否满足要求,是,进入步骤(5),否则进入步骤(6);(4) The server side analyzes the GNSS positioning data of each rolling machine in real time, and judges whether the accuracy of the GNSS positioning data of the rolling machine meets the requirements, if yes, go to step (5), otherwise go to step (6);
(5)判断是否已有智能全站仪跟踪安装在该台碾压机上的360°全向棱镜,进行定位补偿,是,进入步骤(7),否则进入步骤(11);(5) Judging whether there is an intelligent total station tracking the 360° omnidirectional prism installed on the rolling machine for positioning compensation, if yes, go to step (7), otherwise go to step (11);
(6)判断是否已有智能全站仪跟踪安装在该台碾压机上的360°全向棱镜,进行定位补偿,是,进入步骤(9),否则进入步骤(8);(6) Judging whether there is an intelligent total station tracking the 360° omnidirectional prism installed on the rolling machine for positioning compensation, if yes, go to step (9), otherwise go to step (8);
(7)停止定位补偿,取消智能全站仪跟踪该台碾压机;(7) Stop positioning compensation and cancel the tracking of the rolling machine by the intelligent total station;
(8)启用智能全站仪,搜索并锁定安装在碾压机上的360°全向棱镜,开启定位补偿;(8) Enable the intelligent total station, search and lock the 360° omnidirectional prism installed on the rolling machine, and start the positioning compensation;
(9)服务器端实时接收、存储智能全站仪定位数据;(9) The server receives and stores the positioning data of the intelligent total station in real time;
(10)现场分控站或总控中心监控终端计算机实时读取智能全站仪定位数据和激振力数据;(10) The monitoring terminal computer of the on-site sub-control station or the master control center reads the positioning data and exciting force data of the intelligent total station in real time;
(11)现场分控站或总控中心监控终端计算机实时读取GNSS定位数据和激振力数据;(11) On-site sub-control station or master control center monitoring terminal computer reads GNSS positioning data and exciting force data in real time;
(12)现场分控站或总控中心监控终端计算机实时生成及显示监控结果;(12) On-site sub-control station or master control center monitoring terminal computer generates and displays monitoring results in real time;
(13)判断碾压仓面碾压施工是否结束,是,结束对该仓面进行实时监控,否则返回步骤(3)。(13) Determine whether the rolling construction of the surface of the rolling warehouse is over, if yes, end the real-time monitoring of the surface of the warehouse, otherwise return to step (3).
在施工现场架立ZIGBEE数据接收装置,以及设置由依次连接的卫星天线、GNSS接收机、差分电台和差分信号发送天线组成的定位基准站;在各碾压机上都设置有碾压机监控终端,所述碾压机监控终端是由连接有卫星天线和差分信号接收天线的GNSS接收机和与所述的GNSS接收机通过ZIGBEE DTU相连的安装在碾压机的滚轮上的振动传感器组成;Erect the ZIGBEE data receiving device at the construction site, and set up a positioning reference station composed of sequentially connected satellite antennas, GNSS receivers, differential radio stations and differential signal transmitting antennas; each rolling machine is equipped with a rolling machine monitoring terminal, The monitoring terminal of the rolling machine is composed of a GNSS receiver connected with a satellite antenna and a differential signal receiving antenna and a vibration sensor connected to the GNSS receiver through the ZIGBEE DTU and installed on the rollers of the rolling machine;
步骤(2)所述的实时接收各碾压机GNSS定位数据及激振力数据的实现方法是:ZIGBEE数据接收装置实时接收碾压机上ZIGBEE DTU发送的GNSS定位数据及激振力数据,并通过Internet网络传输至服务器端;所述GNSS定位数据是指碾压机监控终端中的GNSS接收机按照设定的时间间隔定位碾压机当前位置,并应用RTK技术,通过差分信号接收天线接收基准站发送的差分信息,修正GNSS定位数据。The realization method of receiving the GNSS positioning data and exciting force data of each rolling machine in real time in step (2) is: the ZIGBEE data receiving device receives the GNSS positioning data and exciting force data sent by the ZIGBEE DTU on the rolling machine in real time, and passes The Internet network is transmitted to the server side; the GNSS positioning data refers to the GNSS receiver in the rolling machine monitoring terminal locating the current position of the rolling machine according to the set time interval, and applying RTK technology to receive the reference station through the differential signal receiving antenna The sent differential information corrects the GNSS positioning data.
步骤(4)所述的判断碾压机定位精度是碾压机监控终端内的GNSS接收机输出PTNL,GGK格式的定位数据,数据中包括定位质量指标和精度衰减因子,判断定位质量指标是否为RTK固定解算,且精度衰减因子是否小于4.0,是则GNSS接收机定位数据满足精度要求,否则GNSS接收机定位数据不满足精度要求。The determination of the positioning accuracy of the rolling machine described in step (4) is that the GNSS receiver in the monitoring terminal of the rolling machine outputs the positioning data in the PTNL and GGK formats. The data includes the positioning quality index and the accuracy attenuation factor, and it is judged whether the positioning quality index is RTK fixed calculation, and whether the accuracy attenuation factor is less than 4.0, if yes, the positioning data of the GNSS receiver meets the accuracy requirements; otherwise, the positioning data of the GNSS receiver does not meet the accuracy requirements.
步骤(5)、步骤(6)所述的判断方法是:服务器端统计已被全站仪跟踪定位的所有碾压机,分析被跟踪的所有碾压机中是否包括有步骤(4)中所述的碾压机,如果有,说明所述的该台碾压机已有智能全站仪跟踪定位,否则,该台碾压机没有智能全站仪跟踪定位。The judgment method described in step (5) and step (6) is: the server side counts all the compactors that have been tracked and positioned by the total station, and analyzes whether all the tracked compactors include the ones mentioned in step (4). The rolling machine described above, if there is, it means that the said rolling machine has an intelligent total station tracking and positioning, otherwise, this rolling machine does not have an intelligent total station tracking and positioning.
步骤(9)所述的智能全站仪定位数据,是指智能全站仪对安装在碾压机上的360°全向棱镜的连续跟踪,按设定的时间间隔定位碾压机当前位置。The positioning data of the intelligent total station described in step (9) refers to the continuous tracking of the 360° omnidirectional prism installed on the rolling machine by the intelligent total station, and the current position of the rolling machine is located according to the set time interval.
步骤(10)、(11)所述现场分控站或总控中心监控终端计算机实时读取定位数据和激振力数据的方法:通过对访问服务器端的IP和端口的设置,实现现场分控站或总控中心监控终端计算机对服务器端定位数据和激振力数据的实时读取。In steps (10) and (11), the on-site sub-control station or the master control center monitoring terminal computer reads the positioning data and exciting force data in real time: by setting the IP and port of the access server, the on-site sub-control station is realized Or the real-time reading of server-side positioning data and exciting force data by the monitoring terminal computer of the master control center.
步骤(12)所述的实时生成及显示监控结果是:现场分控站或总控中心监控终端计算机实时显示碾压机的行进速度、振动状态和碾压遍数,以及实时生成碾压仓面的碾压遍数、轨迹、高程和厚度的图形报告。The real-time generation and display monitoring results described in step (12) are: the monitoring terminal computer of the on-site sub-control station or the master control center displays the traveling speed, vibration state and number of rolling times of the rolling machine in real time, and generates the rolling surface in real time Graphical report of roll passes, trajectory, elevation and thickness.
步骤(13)所述判断碾压监控仓面的碾压施工是否结束,是判断该碾压监控仓面所完成的控制参数指标是否满足对该仓面设定的控制参数要求。In step (13), judging whether the rolling construction of the rolling monitoring warehouse surface is completed is to judge whether the completed control parameter indicators of the rolling monitoring warehouse surface meet the control parameter requirements set for the warehouse surface.
本发明的窄深河谷大坝填/浇筑碾压施工质量实时监控方法,利用智能全站仪可人为控制不受地形遮挡的优势及能够实现连续跟踪定位的特点来弥补受地形因素制约碾压机械时常无法精确定位的不足,确保了大坝碾压施工质量监控系统在全天候运行中的碾压机械定位精度均能够满足要求。同时,采用ZIGBEE技术建设坝区无线网络,实现无运营商2G/3G网络覆盖情况下的无线数据传输,从而保证了大坝碾压施工质量实时监控系统能够正常运行和使用。The method for real-time monitoring of the rolling construction quality of narrow and deep valley dam filling/pouring and rolling construction utilizes the advantage that the intelligent total station can be artificially controlled without being blocked by the terrain and can realize continuous tracking and positioning to make up for the constraints of the rolling machinery due to terrain factors The lack of accurate positioning often ensures that the positioning accuracy of the rolling machinery of the dam rolling construction quality monitoring system can meet the requirements during all-weather operation. At the same time, ZIGBEE technology is used to build a wireless network in the dam area to realize wireless data transmission without operator 2G/3G network coverage, thus ensuring the normal operation and use of the real-time monitoring system for the quality of dam rolling construction.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明窄深河谷大坝填/浇筑碾压施工质量实时监控方法使用的系统结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the system structure schematic diagram that the present invention narrow deep river valley dam fills/casts rolling construction quality real-time monitoring method to use;
图2是本发明的窄深河谷大坝填/浇筑碾压施工质量实时监控方法的流程图;Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the method for real-time monitoring of construction quality of narrow and deep valley dam filling/pouring and rolling;
图3是应用智能全站仪进行定位补偿前的碾压机行进轨迹图;Fig. 3 is the trajectory diagram of the rolling machine before the positioning compensation is performed by using the intelligent total station;
图4是应用智能全站仪进行定位补偿后的碾压机行进轨迹图。Fig. 4 is the trajectory diagram of the roller compactor after positioning compensation by using the intelligent total station.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合实施例和附图对本发明的窄深河谷大坝填/浇筑碾压施工质量实时监控方法做出详细说明。The method for real-time monitoring of filling/pouring and rolling construction quality of narrow and deep valley dams of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings.
本发明的窄深河谷大坝填/浇筑碾压施工质量实时监控方法,是用于如图1所示的系统中。所述的系统包括:定位补偿站3,碾压机监测终端2,与碾压机监测终端2进行差分通信的定位基准站1,所述的定位补偿站3和碾压机监测终端2各自依次通过ZIGBEE坝区无线通讯网络和Internet网络与总控中心服务器端7进行数据通信,总控中心服务器端7通过Internet网络分别与总控中心监控终端计算机6和现场分控站监控终端计算机8进行数据通信,所述的总控中心监控终端计算机6和现场分控站8分别生成和显示监控结果9,所述的生成监控结果包括有生成仓面碾压遍数、轨迹、高程、厚度等图形报告10;所述的显示监控结果包括有显示碾压机行进速度、振动状态和碾压遍数等11。The method for real-time monitoring of filling/pouring and rolling construction quality of narrow and deep valley dams according to the present invention is used in the system shown in FIG. 1 . The system includes: a positioning compensation station 3, a rolling machine monitoring terminal 2, a positioning reference station 1 that performs differential communication with the rolling machine monitoring terminal 2, and the positioning compensation station 3 and the rolling machine monitoring terminal 2 are each sequentially Through ZIGBEE dam area wireless communication network and Internet network, data communication is carried out with the server terminal 7 of the general control center, and the server terminal 7 of the general control center communicates with the monitoring terminal computer 6 of the general control center and the monitoring terminal computer 8 of the on-site sub-control station respectively through the Internet network Communication, the monitoring terminal computer 6 of the master control center and the on-site sub-control station 8 generate and display the monitoring results 9 respectively, and the generating monitoring results include generating graphics reports such as the number of rolling times, trajectory, elevation, and thickness of the warehouse surface 10. The display monitoring results include displaying the traveling speed, vibration state and number of rolling times of the rolling machine, etc. 11.
本发明通过安装于碾压机上的监控终端实时采集碾压机的定位数据及激振力数据,并通过ZIGBEE坝区无线通讯网络及Internet网络传输至总控中心服务器端;总控中心服务器端实时分析定位数据的精度,判断GNSS定位精度是否满足精度要求,然后根据分析结果通过Internet网络及ZIGBEE坝区无线通讯网络控制定位补偿站内的智能全站仪,采用智能全站仪跟踪碾压机的定位数据替代受窄深河谷地形因素制约而定位精度不能满足需求的GNSS定位数据,确保碾压机定位精度满足需求,现场分控站或总控中心监控终端计算机读取服务器端的碾压机定位数据及激振力数据,实时生成及显示监控结果,供现场监理和施工人员使用以对大坝填/浇筑碾压施工质量进行实时监控和管理。The present invention collects the positioning data and exciting force data of the rolling machine in real time through the monitoring terminal installed on the rolling machine, and transmits the data to the server end of the general control center through the ZIGBEE dam area wireless communication network and the Internet network; the server end of the general control center real-time Analyze the accuracy of the positioning data, judge whether the GNSS positioning accuracy meets the accuracy requirements, and then control the intelligent total station in the positioning compensation station through the Internet network and ZIGBEE dam area wireless communication network according to the analysis results, and use the intelligent total station to track the positioning of the rolling machine The data replaces the GNSS positioning data whose positioning accuracy cannot meet the requirements due to the constraints of narrow and deep valley terrain factors, so as to ensure that the positioning accuracy of the roller compactor meets the requirements. Exciting force data, real-time generation and display of monitoring results, used by on-site supervisors and construction personnel to monitor and manage the construction quality of dam filling/pouring and rolling in real time.
如图2所示,本发明窄深河谷大坝填/浇筑碾压施工质量实时监控方法具体包括如下步骤:As shown in Figure 2, the method for real-time monitoring of construction quality of narrow and deep valley dam filling/pouring and rolling compaction of the present invention specifically includes the following steps:
(1)开启总控中心服务器端;(1) Open the server side of the master control center;
服务器由市电供电,同时备有UPS备用电源,能够实现在市电电力中断或不稳定时切换至UPS供电,确保服务器端是处于长期运行的状态。The server is powered by mains power and is equipped with UPS backup power supply, which can switch to UPS power supply when the mains power is interrupted or unstable, ensuring that the server is in a long-term running state.
(2)实时接收各碾压机GNSS定位数据及激振力数据;(2) Receive GNSS positioning data and exciting force data of each rolling machine in real time;
在施工现场架立ZIGBEE数据接收装置,以及设置由依次连接的卫星天线、GNSS接收机、差分电台和差分信号发送天线组成的定位基准站;在各碾压机上都设置有碾压机监控终端,所述碾压机监控终端是由连接有卫星天线和差分信号接收天线的GNSS接收机和与所述的GNSS接收机通过ZIGBEE DTU相连的安装在碾压机的滚轮上的振动传感器组成,其中所述的ZIGBEE DTU还连接ZIGBEE数据传输天线,GNSS接收机采用能够接收美国GPS、俄罗斯GLONASS、中国北斗卫星的GNSS接收机,通过输出12V直流电的稳压电源对该接收机进行供电;卫星天线安装在碾压机顶部距离碾压机滚轮两侧距离相等的中间位置,且尽可能的靠近滚轮一侧,通过连接线将接收到的卫星定位数据传输至接收机;电台差分天线通过吸盘连接线与接收机连接,安装于碾压机顶部接收基准站发送的差分信号;振动传感器通过自带磁铁吸附固定于碾压机滚轮的扶臂上,能够实时采集碾压机振动的振幅和频率,从而实现对碾压机的激振力数据进行实时采集。ZIGBEE数据接收装置,通过ZIGBEE坝区无线网络接收碾压机上ZIGBEE DTU发送的GNSS实时定位数据及激振力数据,并通过Internet网络传输至服务器端。Erect the ZIGBEE data receiving device at the construction site, and set up a positioning reference station composed of sequentially connected satellite antennas, GNSS receivers, differential radio stations and differential signal transmitting antennas; each rolling machine is equipped with a rolling machine monitoring terminal, The monitoring terminal of the rolling machine is composed of a GNSS receiver connected to a satellite antenna and a differential signal receiving antenna and a vibration sensor connected to the GNSS receiver through ZIGBEE DTU and installed on the rollers of the rolling machine, wherein the The ZIGBEE DTU described above is also connected to the ZIGBEE data transmission antenna, and the GNSS receiver adopts a GNSS receiver capable of receiving American GPS, Russian GLONASS, and Chinese Beidou satellites, and supplies power to the receiver through a regulated power supply that outputs 12V DC; the satellite antenna is installed on The top of the rolling machine is in the middle of the same distance from the two sides of the roller of the rolling machine, and it is as close to the side of the roller as possible, and the received satellite positioning data is transmitted to the receiver through the connection line; the radio differential antenna is connected to the receiver through the suction cup connection line. It is connected to the rolling machine and installed on the top of the rolling machine to receive the differential signal sent by the reference station; the vibration sensor is fixed on the support arm of the rolling machine roller through its own magnet adsorption, which can collect the vibration amplitude and frequency of the rolling machine in real time, so as to realize The exciting force data of the rolling machine is collected in real time. The ZIGBEE data receiving device receives the GNSS real-time positioning data and excitation force data sent by the ZIGBEE DTU on the rolling machine through the wireless network of the ZIGBEE dam area, and transmits them to the server through the Internet network.
所述ZIGBEE坝区无线网络是一种应用ZIGBEE技术建立的抗干扰能力强,稳定性高,复杂程度低,对水电工程复杂环境适应能力强的近距离双向无线通信网络。ZIGBEE坝区无线网络包括有在碾压机和定位补偿站分别安装的ZIGBEE DTU和ZIGBEE数据传输天线,施工现场架立的ZIGBEE数据接收装置组成。碾压机上安装的ZIGBEE DTU能够实现GNSS定位数据及碾压机激振力数据的整合,由输出24V直流电的稳压电源供电;碾压机ZIGBEE数据传输天线通过吸盘连接线与碾压机ZIGBEE DTU连接,安装于碾压机顶部用于数据的发送;定位补偿站ZIGBEE DTU和ZIGBEE数据传输天线,能够实现对智能全站仪定位数据的发送及对服务器端操作智能全站仪命令的接收,由室电供电,同时备有UPS备用电源。The ZIGBEE dam area wireless network is a short-distance two-way wireless communication network with strong anti-interference ability, high stability, low complexity and strong adaptability to the complex environment of hydropower projects established by applying ZIGBEE technology. The ZIGBEE dam area wireless network consists of ZIGBEE DTU and ZIGBEE data transmission antenna installed at the rolling machine and positioning compensation station respectively, and ZIGBEE data receiving device erected on the construction site. The ZIGBEE DTU installed on the rolling machine can realize the integration of GNSS positioning data and the exciting force data of the rolling machine, and is powered by a regulated power supply outputting 24V DC; the ZIGBEE data transmission antenna of the rolling machine is connected to the ZIGBEE DTU of the rolling machine through the suction cup connection line It is connected and installed on the top of the rolling machine for data transmission; the positioning compensation station ZIGBEE DTU and ZIGBEE data transmission antenna can realize the transmission of the positioning data of the intelligent total station and the reception of the command of the intelligent total station on the server side. Room power supply, and UPS backup power supply is also available.
步骤(2)所述的实时接收各碾压机GNSS定位数据及激振力数据的实现方法是:ZIGBEE数据接收装置实时接收碾压机上ZIGBEE DTU发送的GNSS定位数据及激振力数据,并通过Internet网络传输至服务器端;所述GNSS定位数据是指碾压机监控终端中的GNSS接收机按照设定的时间间隔(如1s)定位碾压机当前位置,并应用RTK技术,通过差分信号接收天线接收基准站发送的差分信息,修正GNSS定位数据。The realization method of receiving the GNSS positioning data and exciting force data of each rolling machine in real time in step (2) is: the ZIGBEE data receiving device receives the GNSS positioning data and exciting force data sent by the ZIGBEE DTU on the rolling machine in real time, and passes The Internet network is transmitted to the server; the GNSS positioning data refers to the GNSS receiver in the rolling machine monitoring terminal locating the current position of the rolling machine according to the set time interval (such as 1s), and applying RTK technology to receive through the differential signal The antenna receives the difference information sent by the reference station, and corrects the GNSS positioning data.
(3)判断是否开始对碾压仓面进行实时监控,否,进入步骤(2),是,进入步骤(4);(3) Determine whether to start real-time monitoring of the rolling chamber surface, if no, go to step (2), if yes, go to step (4);
开启碾压仓面实时监控的实现方法是:根据现场的碾压仓面范围坐标建立碾压监控仓面,根据设计要求设定碾压控制参数,再根据现场情况将计划在该仓面内进行碾压作业的碾压机分配到该仓面,待现场准备就绪后,现场分控站或总控中心的监控终端计算机开始对碾压仓面进行实时监控;The realization method of opening the real-time monitoring of the rolling chamber surface is as follows: establish the rolling monitoring chamber surface according to the coordinates of the rolling chamber surface range on site, set the rolling control parameters according to the design requirements, and then carry out the plan in the chamber surface according to the site conditions. The rolling machine for the rolling operation is assigned to the warehouse surface. After the site is ready, the monitoring terminal computer of the on-site sub-control station or the master control center starts to monitor the rolling warehouse surface in real time;
(4)服务器端实时分析各碾压机的GNSS定位数据,并判断碾压机GNSS定位数据精度是否满足要求,是,进入步骤(5),否则进入步骤(6);(4) The server side analyzes the GNSS positioning data of each rolling machine in real time, and judges whether the accuracy of the GNSS positioning data of the rolling machine meets the requirements, if yes, go to step (5), otherwise go to step (6);
所述的判断碾压机定位精度是碾压机监控终端内的GNSS接收机输出PTNL,GGK格式的定位数据,数据中包括定位质量指标和精度衰减因子(DOP),所述的定位质量指标由0,1,2,3,4构成,其中所述的定位质量指标为3时表示GNSS定位数据满足RTK固定解算,所述的精度衰减因子表示GNSS定位精度的强弱度,所述的精度衰减因子越小,则GNSS定位精度越高。The determination of the positioning accuracy of the rolling machine is that the GNSS receiver in the monitoring terminal of the rolling machine outputs the positioning data in the PTNL and GGK formats. The data includes positioning quality indicators and precision decay factors (DOP), and the positioning quality indicators are determined by 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, wherein when the positioning quality index is 3, it means that the GNSS positioning data meets the RTK fixed solution, and the accuracy attenuation factor indicates the strength of the GNSS positioning accuracy, and the accuracy The smaller the attenuation factor, the higher the GNSS positioning accuracy.
判断定位质量指标是否为RTK固定解算,且精度衰减因子(DOP)是否小于4.0,是则GNSS接收机定位数据满足精度要求,否则GNSS接收机定位数据不满足精度要求。Judging whether the positioning quality index is RTK fixed solution, and whether the DOP of precision (DOP) is less than 4.0, then the positioning data of the GNSS receiver meets the accuracy requirements, otherwise the positioning data of the GNSS receiver does not meet the accuracy requirements.
(5)判断是否已有智能全站仪跟踪安装在该台碾压机上的360°全向棱镜,进行定位补偿,是,进入步骤(7),否则进入步骤(11);所述的判断方法是:服务器端统计已被全站仪跟踪定位的所有碾压机,分析被跟踪的所有碾压机中是否包括有步骤(4)中所述的碾压机,如果有,说明所述的该台碾压机已有智能全站仪跟踪定位,否则,该台碾压机没有智能全站仪跟踪定位。(5) Judging whether there is an intelligent total station tracking the 360° omnidirectional prism installed on the rolling machine for positioning compensation, if yes, go to step (7), otherwise go to step (11); the judging method described Yes: The server side counts all the rolling machines that have been tracked and positioned by the total station, and analyzes whether all the rolling machines that are tracked include the rolling machine mentioned in step (4), and if so, explain the A rolling machine has an intelligent total station for tracking and positioning, otherwise, the rolling machine does not have an intelligent total station for tracking and positioning.
(6)判断是否已有智能全站仪跟踪安装在该台碾压机上的360°全向棱镜,进行定位补偿,是,进入步骤(9),否则进入步骤(8);所述的判断方法是:服务器端统计已被全站仪跟踪定位的所有碾压机,分析被跟踪的所有碾压机中是否包括有步骤(4)中所述的碾压机,如果有,说明所述的该台碾压机已有智能全站仪跟踪定位,否则,该台碾压机没有智能全站仪跟踪定位。(6) Judging whether there is an intelligent total station tracking the 360° omnidirectional prism installed on the rolling machine for positioning compensation, if yes, go to step (9), otherwise go to step (8); the judging method described Yes: The server side counts all the rolling machines that have been tracked and positioned by the total station, and analyzes whether all the rolling machines that are tracked include the rolling machine mentioned in step (4), and if so, explain the A rolling machine has an intelligent total station for tracking and positioning, otherwise, the rolling machine does not have an intelligent total station for tracking and positioning.
(7)停止定位补偿,取消智能全站仪跟踪该台碾压机;其中,取消智能全站仪跟踪该台碾压机的命令由服务器端发出,通过Internet网络或ZIGBEE坝区无线网络传输至智能全站仪。智能全站仪是通过设置的ZIGBEE DTU装置接收ZIGBEE坝区无线网络的信号。(7) Stop positioning compensation and cancel the tracking of the rolling machine by the intelligent total station; among them, the command to cancel the tracking of the rolling machine by the intelligent total station is issued by the server and transmitted to Intelligent Total Station. The intelligent total station receives the signal of the ZIGBEE dam area wireless network through the set ZIGBEE DTU device.
(8)启用智能全站仪,搜索并锁定安装在碾压机上的360°全向棱镜,开启定位补偿;(8) Enable the intelligent total station, search and lock the 360° omnidirectional prism installed on the rolling machine, and start the positioning compensation;
智能全站仪安装在定位补偿站内,所述的智能全站仪和固定于碾压机顶部的360°全向棱镜组成定位补偿装置。定位补偿站需选择大坝填筑范围之外能够通视大坝填筑面、距离大坝填筑面尽可能近且受外界影响较小的位置修建,面朝大坝侧采用透明玻璃窗,保证智能全站仪能通视大坝;360°全向棱镜固定于碾压机顶部距离碾压机滚轮两侧距离相等的中间位置,且尽可能的靠近滚轮一侧,通过输出7.5V直流电的稳压电源供电,360°全向棱镜可根据所处碾压机的编号设置不同的ID(例如:1号碾压机顶部360°全向棱镜ID设定为1;2号碾压机顶部360°全向棱镜ID设定为2)。The intelligent total station is installed in the positioning compensation station, and the intelligent total station and the 360° omnidirectional prism fixed on the top of the rolling machine form a positioning compensation device. The positioning compensation station needs to be built at a location outside the dam filling range that can see the dam filling surface, is as close as possible to the dam filling surface, and is less affected by the outside world. Transparent glass windows are used on the side facing the dam. Ensure that the intelligent total station can see through the dam; the 360° omnidirectional prism is fixed on the top of the rolling machine at an equal distance from both sides of the roller of the rolling machine, and as close to the side of the roller as possible, through the output of 7.5V DC Powered by a regulated power supply, the 360° omnidirectional prism can be set with different IDs according to the number of the rolling machine (for example: the ID of the 360° omnidirectional prism on the top of the No. 1 rolling machine is set to 1; the top of the No. 2 rolling machine is 360 ° omnidirectional prism ID is set to 2).
所述的启用智能全站仪,搜索并锁定安装在碾压机上的360°全向棱镜,以及开启定位补偿的命令是由服务器端发出,通过Internet网络或ZIGBEE坝区无线网络传输至智能全站仪。实现方法是:服务器端根据碾压机的编号确定该台碾压机顶部的360°全向棱镜的ID号,将搜索该360°全向棱镜的ID号的指令发送给所有未被使用的智能全站仪,智能全站仪收到指令后,自动搜索具有该ID号的360°全向棱镜,直至搜索到具有该ID号的360°全向棱镜,锁定成功后,开始对该台碾压机进行定位补偿。The commands for enabling the intelligent total station, searching for and locking the 360° omnidirectional prism installed on the rolling machine, and enabling positioning compensation are issued by the server and transmitted to the intelligent total station through the Internet network or ZIGBEE dam area wireless network instrument. The implementation method is: the server side determines the ID number of the 360° omnidirectional prism on the top of the rolling machine according to the number of the rolling machine, and sends the command to search for the ID number of the 360° omnidirectional prism to all unused smart phones The total station, the intelligent total station will automatically search for the 360° omnidirectional prism with the ID number after receiving the instruction, until it finds the 360° omnidirectional prism with the ID number, after the lock is successful, it will start rolling the prism The machine performs positioning compensation.
(9)服务器端实时接收、存储智能全站仪定位数据;(9) The server receives and stores the positioning data of the intelligent total station in real time;
所述的智能全站仪定位数据,是指智能全站仪对安装在碾压机上的360°全向棱镜的连续跟踪,按设定的时间间隔(如1s)定位碾压机当前位置。智能全站仪实时定位的数据具有一定的精度,其精度是指智能全站仪对360°全向棱镜跟踪测量的精度,利用光学原理进行测量定位,该精度可达毫米级,满足大坝填筑碾压施工质量监控的要求。利用智能全站仪定位数据代替不满足要求的GNSS定位数据后,碾压机定位精度能满足监控要求。在没有应用智能全站仪进行定位补偿时,所监控到的碾压机行进轨迹如图3所示,轨迹波动大,与实际碾压施工情况不符。应用智能全站仪进行定位补偿后,所监控到的碾压机行进轨迹如图4所示,轨迹平滑,与实际碾压施工情况相符。The intelligent total station positioning data refers to the continuous tracking of the intelligent total station on the 360° omnidirectional prism installed on the rolling machine, and the current position of the rolling machine is located according to the set time interval (eg 1s). The real-time positioning data of the intelligent total station has a certain accuracy. The accuracy refers to the accuracy of the intelligent total station for 360° omnidirectional prism tracking measurement. The optical principle is used for measurement and positioning. The accuracy can reach millimeter level and meet the requirements of dam filling. Requirements for construction quality monitoring of rolling and compaction. After using the positioning data of the intelligent total station to replace the GNSS positioning data that does not meet the requirements, the positioning accuracy of the rolling machine can meet the monitoring requirements. When the intelligent total station is not used for positioning compensation, the monitored trajectory of the rolling machine is shown in Figure 3, and the trajectory fluctuates greatly, which is inconsistent with the actual rolling construction situation. After using the intelligent total station for positioning compensation, the track of the roller compactor monitored is shown in Figure 4. The track is smooth and consistent with the actual rolling construction conditions.
(10)现场分控站或总控中心监控终端计算机实时读取智能全站仪定位数据和激振力数据;(10) The monitoring terminal computer of the on-site sub-control station or the master control center reads the positioning data and exciting force data of the intelligent total station in real time;
所述现场分控站或总控中心监控终端计算机实时读取智能全站仪定位数据和激振力数据的方法:通过对访问服务器端的IP和端口的设置,实现现场分控站或总控中心监控终端计算机对服务器端全站仪定位数据和激振力数据的实时读取。The method for the on-site sub-control station or the main control center monitoring terminal computer to read the positioning data and exciting force data of the intelligent total station in real time: by setting the IP and port of the access server end, the on-site sub-control station or the main control center can be realized. The monitoring terminal computer reads the positioning data and exciting force data of the server-side total station in real time.
(11)现场分控站或总控中心监控终端计算机实时读取GNSS定位数据和激振力数据;(11) On-site sub-control station or master control center monitoring terminal computer reads GNSS positioning data and exciting force data in real time;
所述现场分控站或总控中心监控终端计算机实时读取GNSS定位数据和激振力数据的方法:通过对访问服务器端的IP和端口的设置,实现现场分控站或总控中心监控终端计算机对服务器端GNSS定位数据和激振力数据的实时读取。The method of reading GNSS positioning data and exciting force data in real time by the on-site sub-control station or the general control center monitoring terminal computer: by setting the IP and port of the access server end, realizing the on-site sub-control station or the general control center monitoring terminal computer Real-time reading of server-side GNSS positioning data and exciting force data.
(12)现场分控站或总控中心监控终端计算机实时生成及显示监控结果;(12) On-site sub-control station or master control center monitoring terminal computer generates and displays monitoring results in real time;
所述的实时生成及显示监控结果是:现场分控站或总控中心监控终端计算机实时显示碾压机的行进速度、振动状态和碾压遍数,以及实时生成碾压仓面的碾压遍数、轨迹、高程和厚度的图形报告。The real-time generation and display monitoring results are: the monitoring terminal computer of the on-site sub-control station or the general control center displays the traveling speed, vibration state and number of rolling times of the rolling machine in real time, and generates the rolling times of the rolling warehouse surface in real time. Graphical reports of number, track, elevation and thickness.
(13)判断碾压监控仓面的碾压施工是否结束,是,结束对该仓面进行实时监控,否则返回步骤(3)。所述判断碾压监控仓面的碾压施工是否结束,是判断该碾压监控仓面所完成的控制参数指标是否满足对该仓面设定的控制参数要求。(13) Determine whether the rolling construction of the surface of the rolling monitoring warehouse is over, if yes, end the real-time monitoring of the surface of the warehouse, otherwise return to step (3). The said judging whether the rolling construction of the rolling monitoring warehouse surface is completed is to judge whether the completed control parameter index of the rolling monitoring warehouse surface satisfies the control parameter requirements set for the warehouse surface.
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