CN103978862B - A kind of front suspension apparatus of wheel hub motor individual drive electronlmobil - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a front suspension device for an electric vehicle independently driven by a hub motor, which comprises a steering system assembly, a hydraulic adjustment device, a sub-frame assembly, a lower swing arm, a steering knuckle, a wheel system assembly, and a shock absorber assembly and the hydraulic cylinder, the steering system assembly is connected with the steering trapezoidal arm of the steering knuckle, the subframe assembly is connected with the lower end of the steering knuckle through the lower swing arm, the bracket at the upper end of the steering knuckle is connected with the shock absorber assembly, and the steering knuckle is fixed on the hub motor On the motor shaft, the front suspension device also includes a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic adjustment device. The cylinder block of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the electric vehicle. There is an oil port at both ends to connect the hydraulic adjustment device through the oil pipe. The piston in the hydraulic cylinder passes through the piston rod. It is fixedly connected with the shock absorber assembly. The invention can comprehensively and automatically adjust the caster angle of the automobile smoothly and automatically according to the automobile speed signal and the rotation angle signal, thereby ensuring the straight-line running stability and the flexibility of the electric automobile while making full use of the chassis space of the electric automobile.

Description

A front suspension device for an electric vehicle independently driven by a hub motor

technical field

The invention relates to a front suspension device of an automobile, in particular to a front suspension device for an electric automobile independently driven by a hub motor.

Background technique

With the development of social economy, automobiles have become an indispensable means of transportation in people's daily life, but at the same time, the rapid increase in the demand for oil resources and the serious negative impact on the environment brought about by the development of the automobile industry have aroused people's attention. s concern. Therefore, the research on electric vehicles with advantages of energy saving, environmental protection and low noise has become the internal requirement and development trend of today's automobile industry.

The hub motor independently drives the electric vehicle to integrate the motor and the hub, and the motor directly drives the wheel to rotate, which saves the traditional transmission system, cancels the clutch, transmission and other components, improves the transmission efficiency, saves the space of the car, and improves the performance of the car. Design flexibility.

The caster angle is one of the wheel alignment parameters, and its function is to increase the stability of the car when driving in a straight line and to make the front wheels automatically return to alignment after turning. The larger the caster angle, the better the directional stability, and the stronger the automatic return after steering, but the steering will be heavier; if the caster angle is too small, the steering will be flexible but the directional stability will be poor.

The caster angle of the current electric vehicle independently driven by the hub motor is fixed, which cannot guarantee that the steering flexibility and driving stability of the vehicle can be optimal at the same time; Most of the suspensions directly adopt the structure of traditional fuel vehicles, and the reserved chassis space has not been rationally utilized; in addition, the preload force of the shock absorbers and suspension springs of current electric vehicles is not large enough, which easily leads to nuts relaxation.

Contents of the invention

Technical problem: The present invention provides an electric motor that can smoothly adjust the caster angle according to the driving conditions of the car, strengthen the shock absorber and the pre-tightening force of the suspension spring, effectively prevent the nut from loosening, and reasonably utilize the wheel hub motor to drive independently. The in-wheel motor in the chassis space of the car independently drives the front suspension of the electric car.

Technical solution: The hub motor of the present invention independently drives the front suspension device of an electric vehicle, including a steering system assembly, a hydraulic adjustment device, a sub-frame assembly, a lower swing arm, a steering knuckle, a wheel system assembly, and a shock absorber assembly and hydraulic cylinders;

The steering knuckle is fixedly arranged on the motor shaft of the hub motor of the wheel system assembly, the steering tie rod of the steering system assembly is connected with the steering trapezoidal arm of the steering knuckle, the sub-frame assembly is connected with the lower end of the steering knuckle through the lower swing arm, and the steering The bracket at the upper end of the joint is connected to the bottom end of the shock absorber assembly, the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the upper end of the shock absorber assembly, the hydraulic adjustment device is connected to the hydraulic cylinder and provides hydraulic oil for it through the oil pipe;

The steering system assembly is equipped with a steering wheel angle signal sensor located under the steering wheel, and the steering wheel angle signal sensor is connected to the controller assembly through a signal line;

The wheel system assembly also includes a brake disc arranged between the steering knuckle and the hub motor, and a hub motor speed signal sensor arranged on the subframe assembly. There is a circle of rectangular equidistant grids on the brake disc, and the hub motor speed signal sensor The probe is aligned with the circumferential equidistant grid on the brake disc, and the wheel hub motor speed signal sensor is connected to the controller assembly through a signal line.

In the preferred solution of the present invention, the hydraulic cylinder includes a hydraulic cylinder body fixed on the electric vehicle body, a piston rod arranged in the hydraulic cylinder body and a piston fixed at both ends of the piston rod, the middle part of the piston rod and the shock absorber The screw rod at the upper end of the assembly is fixedly connected by welding, and the two ends of the cylinder block of the hydraulic cylinder are connected with the hydraulic oil circuit.

In the preferred solution of the present invention, the hydraulic adjustment device is installed on the sub-frame assembly, including a hydraulic pump, an electric motor driving the hydraulic pump, an oil tank and oil pipes connected with the hydraulic pump, and used to control the direction, pressure and flow of hydraulic oil One end of the oil pipe is connected to the hydraulic pump through the hydraulic control valve in the controller assembly, and the other end is connected to the end of the hydraulic cylinder.

In the preferred solution of the present invention, the shock absorber assembly includes a shock absorber and a suspension spring arranged outside the shock absorber, and the upper and lower sides of the suspension spring are respectively provided with an upper spring support and a lower spring fixed on the shock absorber. The support, the upper part of the spring upper support is provided with a double nut device for preloading the spring and the shock absorber.

Beneficial effect: compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

The invention can comprehensively adjust the caster angle in real time according to the wheel speed and the steering angle of the steering system when the vehicle is running through the hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic adjustment device, and can take into account the different requirements of the straight line running and steering of the vehicle on the caster angle, ensuring that the vehicle is always stable. Steering flexibility and driving stability are optimized at the same time during driving.

According to the angle adjustment requirements of the kingpin caster angle, the combination of the hydraulic cylinder independently designed and the hydraulic adjustment device including the oil tank, hydraulic pump, controller assembly and other components can adjust the kingpin caster angle steplessly by hydraulic means, which is more smooth and Stable, meeting the situation when the car is running normally.

The invention adopts a double nut device to fasten the suspension spring and the shock absorber, which greatly improves the pretightening force and effectively prevents the nut from loosening.

The hydraulic adjustment device can make full use of the chassis space reserved by the electric vehicle due to the independent drive of the hub motor.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic general diagram of the structure of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structure schematic diagram of steering system assembly, hydraulic adjustment device and wheel system assembly of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged structural schematic diagram of the wheel system assembly of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the hydraulic cylinder and spring shock absorber assembly of the present invention.

In the figure are: steering system assembly 10, steering wheel 11, steering wheel angle signal sensor 12, steering shaft 13, steering universal joint 14, steering transmission shaft 15, steering tie rod 16, hydraulic adjustment device 20, hydraulic pump 21, Electric motor 22, oil tank 23, oil pipe 24, sensor output signal line 25, sub-frame assembly 30, lower swing arm 40, steering knuckle 50, wheel system assembly 60, hub motor speed signal sensor 61, brake disc 62, hub motor 63 , hub 64, tire 65, shock absorber assembly 70, double nut assembly for preload spring and shock absorber 71, spring upper mount 72, suspension spring 73, shock absorber 74, spring lower mount 75 , Hydraulic cylinder 80, hydraulic cylinder cylinder 81, piston 82, piston rod 83.

Detailed ways

In order to further clarify the technical solution, purpose and technical effect of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

The hub motor of the present invention independently drives the front suspension device of the electric vehicle, and its structure is as shown in Fig. Lower swing arm 40 , steering knuckle 50 , wheel system assembly 60 , shock absorber assembly 70 and hydraulic cylinder 80 . Wherein, the steering knuckle 50 is fixedly arranged on the motor shaft of the in-wheel motor 63 of the wheel system assembly 60, the steering tie rod 16 of the steering system assembly 10 is connected with the steering trapezoidal arm of the steering knuckle 50, and the subframe assembly 30 passes through the hem The arm 40 is connected with the lower end of the steering knuckle 50, the bracket at the upper end of the steering knuckle 50 is connected with the bottom end of the shock absorber assembly 70, the hydraulic cylinder 80 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the shock absorber assembly 70, and the hydraulic adjustment device 20 is connected with the hydraulic cylinder 80 is connected and supplied with hydraulic oil through the oil pipe 24.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the steering system 10 includes a steering wheel 11 , a steering wheel angle signal sensor 12 , a steering shaft 13 , a steering universal joint 14 , a steering transmission shaft 15 and a tie rod 16 . Wherein, the steering wheel angle signal sensor 12 is arranged under the steering wheel 11, detects the angle signal of the steering system in real time and transmits it to the controller assembly through the signal line.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , the wheel system assembly 60 includes an in-wheel motor wheel speed signal sensor 61 , a brake disc 62 , an in-wheel motor 63 , a wheel hub 64 and tires 65 . The hub motor 63 is fixedly installed in the hub 64 by bolts, and the brake disc 62 is installed between the steering knuckle 50 and the hub motor 63. There is a circle of rectangular equidistant grids on the brake disc 62, and the hub motor speed signal sensor 61 passes through a bow-shaped cantilever beam. Installed on the sub-frame assembly 30, and connected to the controller assembly through the signal line, the sensor probe is aimed at the circumferential equidistant grid on the brake disc 62, real-time detection of the number of grids passed per unit time, and the signal transmission Give the controller assembly, and then get the real-time speed of the hub motor.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the hydraulic adjustment device 20 includes a hydraulic pump 21 , a motor 22 , an oil tank 23 , an oil pipe 24 , a sensor signal line 25 and a controller assembly. The rotation speed signal of the in-wheel motor and the rotation angle signal of the steering system are transmitted to the controller assembly through the sensor output signal line 25. The controller assembly mainly includes a hydraulic control valve and a signal processing unit. The signal processing unit receives the signal from the steering wheel rotation angle sensor 12. and the signal of the wheel hub motor speed signal sensor 61, according to the existing algorithm, carry out comprehensive calculation, and control the hydraulic control valve, and then adjust the direction, pressure and flow of the hydraulic oil entering the hydraulic cylinder 80, and drive the shock absorber assembly 70 Swing relative to the lower swing arm 40, so that the caster angle of the kingpin can be adjusted in real time and kept stable.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the shock absorber assembly 70 includes a double nut device 71 for preloading the spring and shock absorber, a spring upper support 72 , a suspension spring 73 , a shock absorber 74 and a spring lower support 75 . The double nuts 71 used for the preloaded spring and the shock absorber can greatly increase the preloaded force of the suspension spring 73 and the shock absorber 74, and play a good anti-loosening effect. Of course, other anti-loosening devices can also be used. The lower end of the shock absorber 74 is fixed to the bracket at the upper end of the steering knuckle 50, and the upper end is welded together with the overhanging part of the piston rod 83 in the hydraulic cylinder 80, so that the hydraulic adjustment device 20 can drive the shock absorber assembly 70 relative to the hem The arm 40 rotates, thereby adjusting the magnitude of the caster angle.

As shown in Figure 4, there is an oil port at both ends of the hydraulic cylinder body 81. According to the amount of pressure oil in and out of the left and right oil ports, the piston 82 is used to push the piston rod 83 to drive the shock absorber assembly 70 relative to the hem. The arm 40 swings while the hydraulic cylinder block 81 is fixedly mounted on the electric vehicle.

The working principle of the front suspension device of the in-wheel motor independently driving the electric vehicle is as follows: when the car runs straight at high speed, the controller assembly reads information from the in-wheel motor speed signal sensor 61 and the steering wheel angle signal sensor 12, and adjusts the drive of the hydraulic control valve. The hydraulic pump 21 delivers hydraulic oil to the oil port at the left end of the hydraulic cylinder 81, and at the same time, the oil at the right end of the hydraulic cylinder flows out of the oil port and flows into the oil tank 23, so that the hydraulic oil pushes the piston 82 to drive the piston rod 83 to make the spring shock absorber assembly 70 Rotate clockwise relative to the lower swing arm 40 to increase the kingpin caster angle to ensure good driving stability; Get the information, adjust the hydraulic control valve to drive the hydraulic pump 21 to deliver pressure oil to the oil port at the right end of the hydraulic cylinder 81, and at the same time, the oil port at the left end of the hydraulic cylinder flows out of the oil and flows to the oil tank 23, so that the pressure oil pushes the piston 82 to drive the piston rod 83 The shock absorber assembly 70 is rotated counterclockwise relative to the lower swing arm 40 to reduce the caster angle of the kingpin to ensure flexibility when turning.

The above description is only the preferred implementation mode of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical concept of the present invention, several improvements and equivalent replacements can be made. Technical solutions obtained by making improvements and equivalent replacements also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. the front suspension apparatus of a wheel hub motor individual drive electronlmobil, it is characterized in that, this device comprises steering swivel system assembly (10), hydraulic regulating device (20), subframe assembly (30), lower swing arm (40), steering swivel (50), Wheeling System assembly (60), vibration damper assembly (70) and hydraulic actuating cylinder (80);

Described steering swivel (50) is fixedly installed on the motor shaft of wheel hub motor (63) of Wheeling System assembly (60), the tierod (16) of described steering swivel system assembly (10) is connected with the steering trapezoidal arm of steering swivel (50), described subframe assembly (30) is connected by the lower end of lower swing arm (40) with steering swivel (50), the support of steering swivel (50) upper end is connected with the bottom of vibration damper assembly (70), described hydraulic actuating cylinder (80) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of vibration damper assembly (70), described hydraulic regulating device (20) is connected with hydraulic actuating cylinder (80) and passes through oil pipe (24) provides hydraulic oil for it,

Be provided with the steering wheel angle signal transducer (12) being positioned at steering handwheel (11) below in described steering swivel system assembly (10), described steering wheel angle signal transducer (12) is connected with control assembly by signal wire (SW);

Described Wheeling System assembly (60) also comprises and is arranged on the brake disc (62) between steering swivel (50) and wheel hub motor (63), the wheel hub motor rotary speed signal sensor (61) be arranged on subframe assembly (30), described brake disc (62) there is a circle rectangle equidistant grid, circumference equidistant grid on the alignment probe brake disc (62) of described wheel hub motor rotary speed signal sensor (61), wheel hub motor rotary speed signal sensor (61) is connected with control assembly by signal wire (SW);

Described hydraulic actuating cylinder (80) comprises the hydraulic cylinder body (81) be fixed on electronlmobil car body, be arranged on the piston rod (83) in described hydraulic cylinder body (81) and be fixed on the piston (82) at described piston rod (83) two ends, the middle part of described piston rod (83) is welded and fixed with the screw rod of vibration damper assembly (70) upper end and is connected, and hydraulic cylinder body (81) two ends are connected with hydraulic circuit.

2. the front suspension apparatus of a kind of wheel hub motor individual drive electronlmobil according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described hydraulic regulating device (20) is arranged on subframe assembly (30), comprise Hydraulic Pump (21), drive the electrical motor (22) of described Hydraulic Pump (21), the fuel tank (23) be communicated with described Hydraulic Pump (21) and oil pipe (24), and in order to the direction of hydraulic control oil, the control assembly of pressure and flow, described oil pipe (24) one end is communicated with Hydraulic Pump (21) by the fluid control valve in control assembly, the other end is connected with hydraulic cylinder body (81) end.

3. the front suspension apparatus of a kind of wheel hub motor individual drive electronlmobil according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described vibration damper assembly (70) comprises bumper (74), is arranged on the outside axle spring (73) of bumper (74), described axle spring (73) upper and lower sides is respectively arranged with and is fixed on upper bracket of the spring (72) on bumper (74) and spring lower support (75), and the top of described upper bracket of the spring (72) is provided with the Double-nut device (71) for preloading spring and bumper.