CN114052991B - Lung volume reduction device and method of use thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of medical device technology, and specifically relates to a lung volume reduction device and a method of using the same. The lung volume reduction device includes a support structure that is retractable and has a gripping state and an expanded state; it also includes a one-way valve structure that is retractable and has a gripping state and an expanded state; the one-way valve structure is connected to the support structure, the maximum outer diameter of the one-way valve structure is smaller than the outer diameter of the support structure, and the one-way valve structure is located outside or inside the support structure; the one-way valve structure includes: a closable component, the distal end of which is connected to the support structure, and the proximal end can be closed when impacted by airflow to prevent external airflow from passing through the proximal end and allow residual airflow in the lungs to pass through the closable component from the distal end. The present invention fixes the one-way valve structure at the target position in the airway through the radial support force of the support structure, and the closable component can allow the excess gas accumulated in the alveoli to be discharged from the lungs while preventing new gas from entering the patient's area, thereby achieving the purpose of lung volume reduction surgery.

Description

Lung volume reduction device and method of use thereof

Technical Field

The present invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular relates to a lung volume reduction device and a method of using the same.

Background technique

The lungs are important respiratory organs and hematopoietic organs in the human body. They are located in the chest cavity and realize gas exchange between the body and the external environment to maintain human life activities.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an obstructive lung disease characterized by persistent airflow limitation. Its main features are shortness of breath, cough and sputum, which are often mistaken for colds or asthma, so more than 80% of cases are already moderate to severe when diagnosed. COPD is a progressive disease that gradually worsens over time, and eventually even daily activities such as walking and dressing become difficult to carry out. The disease is irreversible, and studies have shown that the mortality rate of patients with acute pulmonary obstruction in hospital is 4%, while the mortality rate one year after discharge is as high as 22%.

Lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) was first proposed by Professor Otto C. in 1959 as a palliative treatment for COPD, and was officially used in clinical practice in the mid-1990s. However, compared with the walls of systemic blood vessels, the walls of the pulmonary trachea are more fragile, especially the pulmonary artery, which is prone to tearing during surgery, even causing severe air embolism and other complications such as cardiac arrest. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a gentler lung volume reduction device and method of use.

Summary of the invention

The present invention aims to provide a lung volume reduction device and a method for using the device in view of the technical problem that the lung volume reduction device in the prior art is not suitable for the fragile lung tracheal wall and is easily torn.

A lung volume reduction device comprises a support structure, which is retractable and has a compressed and gripped state and an expanded state;

It also includes a one-way valve structure, which is retractable and has a compressed state and an expanded state;

The one-way valve structure is connected to the supporting structure, the maximum outer diameter of the one-way valve structure is smaller than the outer diameter of the supporting structure, and the one-way valve structure is located outside or inside the supporting structure.

The one-way valve structure comprises:

A closable component, the distal end of which is in communication with the support structure, and the proximal end of which can be closed when impacted by airflow, so as to prevent external airflow from passing through the proximal end and allow residual airflow in the lungs to pass through the closable component from the distal end.

As a preferred solution, the support structure is a self-expanding support structure or a ball-expanding support structure.

As a preferred solution, the proximal end surface of the closable component is an inclined surface, and the inclination angle between the inclined surface and the horizontal plane is 10°-20°.

As a preferred solution, the one-way valve structure further includes:

a guide frame, which is a hollow cylindrical structure, in which the closable component is arranged and is fixedly connected to at least a part of the closable component;

A plurality of connecting rods, the proximal end of which is connected to the distal end of the guide frame, and the distal end of which is connected to the proximal end of the supporting structure.

As a preferred solution, the guide frame is coaxial with the support structure.

As a preferred solution, the distal end of the guide frame is located inside the proximal end of the support structure to fully utilize the space and reduce the axial length.

As a preferred solution, the guide frame includes a plurality of guide frames, each of which is an inverted V-shaped structure, and the proximal ends of the plurality of guide frames are smoothly connected in sequence to form the guide frame with a hollow ring structure.

As a preferred embodiment, the lung volume reduction device further comprises:

At least one conveyor connection portion is disposed at the proximal end of at least one of the guide brackets and has an axial length that is smaller than the axial length of the guide bracket;

The conveyor connecting portion is provided with a threaded hole or a clamping portion which is detachably connected to an external conveyor.

As a preferred embodiment, the connecting rod is arranged at an angle, and the inclination angle between the length direction of the connecting rod and the central axis of the guide frame is α, 75°≥α≥30°, α can be 35°, 40°, 45°, 50°, 55°, 60°, 65°, 70°, etc.

As a preferred solution, the connecting rods are evenly arranged in a circle around the central axis of the guide frame, and a plurality of the connecting rods are symmetrically distributed around the center.

As a preferred solution, the number of the connecting rods is 2-8.

As a preferred embodiment, the closable part is preferably a leaflet structure, which includes a plurality of leaflets, which are connected in sequence to form a valve body with an outer circumference of a circular ring structure, and the valve body is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the guide frame, and the middle part of the valve body can be opened and closed in one direction.

As a preferred solution, the leaflets are made of biological materials and/or polymer materials;

The thickness of the leaflet is 0.1mm-1mm, such as 0.2mm, 0.8mm, preferably 0.3-0.6mm, such as 0.4mm, 0.5mm.

As a preferred solution, the inner diameter of the support structure is larger than the maximum inner diameter of the one-way valve structure.

As a preferred solution, the support structure may include:

At least one layer of porous structure, having a plurality of first supports, wherein the first supports are quadrilateral structures, and the plurality of first supports are sequentially fixedly connected to form the porous structure in a hollow ring shape;

A supporting connection structure is a hollow annular structure, the distal end of which is axially adjacent to the porous structure, and the proximal end is connected to the one-way valve structure.

As a preferred solution, the first support body is rhombus-shaped, and the first support body comprises:

A supporting upper part, in the shape of an inverted V, with two adjacent sides of equal length;

A support lower part is in a V-shaped structure, the distal end of which is connected to the proximal end of the support upper part, and the two adjacent sides are equal in length.

As a preferred solution, the distal outer side of the first support body, the distal inner side of the first support body, and the proximal inner side of the first support body are all in the shape of a circular arc or an elliptical arc.

As a preferred embodiment, the supporting connection structure has a plurality of second supporting bodies, which are wavy, V-shaped, W-shaped or inverted Z-shaped structures, and the plurality of second supporting bodies are smoothly connected in sequence to form the supporting connection structure which is in a hollow ring shape.

As a preferred solution, a spacer is provided at the connection between two adjacent second supporting bodies to prevent the two adjacent second supporting bodies from being over-crimped during crimping.

As a preferred solution, the outer side of the proximal end of the second support body and the inner side of the proximal end of the second support body are both in the shape of a circular arc or an elliptical arc.

As a preferred solution, the support structure may further include at least one row of support ends, and the support ends include:

A plurality of supporting frame units are interconnected and are gyro-shaped hollow frame units, having a first protrusion and a second protrusion, wherein the first protrusion protrudes toward the distal direction along the axial direction of the supporting structure, and the second protrusion protrudes toward the proximal direction along the axial direction of the supporting structure;

A plurality of supporting connection areas are areas where two adjacent supporting frame units are connected to each other.

As a preferred solution, the support frame unit further comprises:

a first connection portion, located between the first protrusion and the corresponding support connection area;

a second connection portion, located between the second protrusion and the corresponding support connection area;

The width of the supporting connection area along the circumferential direction of the supporting structure is greater than twice the average value of the widths of the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion along the circumferential direction of the supporting structure.

As a preferred solution, the length of the supporting connection area along the axial direction of the supporting structure is one to three times the average value of the widths of the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion along the circumferential direction of the supporting structure.

As a preferred solution, the ratio of the distance between two adjacent supporting connection areas to the distance between the first protruding portion and the second protruding portion is 0.8-1.

The distal inner side of the first protrusion, the distal outer side of the first protrusion, and the proximal inner side of the second protrusion are all in the shape of a circular arc or an elliptical arc.

As a preferred solution, the support structure may adopt a mesh-like hollow annular structure, and the grids along the circumferential direction in the support structure may be single-layer or multi-layer, and the number of grids in one layer is 3-30, preferably 8-16.

As a preferred solution, the support structure is a hollow annular structure formed into a mesh by one or more methods of cutting, welding or weaving.

As a preferred solution, when the support structure is a self-expanding support structure, the support structure preferably uses a self-expanding memory alloy;

When the support structure is a ball expansion type support structure, the support structure is preferably made of cobalt-chromium alloy.

As a preferred solution, the wall thickness of the support structure is 0.1 mm-1 mm, such as 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, preferably 0.2 mm-0.6 mm, such as 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, etc.

As a preferred solution, the diameter of the support structure is 5 mm-20 mm, preferably 6 mm-15 mm, more preferably 7 mm-10 mm;

The diameter of the guide frame is 1 mm-6 mm, preferably 2 mm-5 mm, and more preferably 3 mm-4 mm;

The total height of the lung volume reduction device is 6 mm-15 mm.

As a preferred embodiment, the lung volume reduction device further comprises:

A sealing film is located inside the supporting structure and is an integral structure with the closable component.

As a preferred embodiment, the lung volume reduction device further comprises:

A covering film is at least located on the outer side of the supporting structure, and a drug coating is provided on the outer side.

As a preferred embodiment, the drug coating is an anti-inflammatory drug, specifically at least one anti-inflammatory drug selected from dexamethasone (DXM), methylprednisolone or bisphosphonate liposomes.

As a preferred embodiment, the sealing film and the covering film are made of one or more of silicone, PET, polyurethane, PTFE or e-PTFE;

The thickness of the sealing film and the covering film are both 0.01 mm-1 mm.

As a preferred embodiment, the lung volume reduction device further comprises:

At least one anchoring structure is in the shape of a spike and is arranged on the outer side of the supporting structure.

As a preferred solution, the material of the anchoring structure is one or more of polymer materials, biological tissues or metals.

As a preferred solution, the anchoring structure and the supporting structure are made integrally.

A method for using a lung volume reduction device, using the lung volume reduction device of the present invention, comprises the following steps:

S1, placing the lung volume reduction device in the lumen of a delivery device, and passing the delivery device through a working channel of a bronchoscope to a target position;

S2, releasing the support structure of the lung volume reduction device to fit closely to the bronchial wall;

S3, releasing the one-way valve structure of the lung volume reduction device;

S4, evacuate the conveying device.

As a preferred solution, before step S1, the method further includes:

S0, insert the bronchoscope through the trachea into the trachea to the target location;

After step S4, the method further includes:

S5, adjusting the bronchoscope to the position of other patients, and repeating steps S1-S4 until all lung volume reduction devices are released;

S6, withdraw the bronchoscope from the body.

The positive and progressive effect of the present invention is that the present invention adopts a lung volume reduction device and a method of using the same, fixes the one-way valve structure at a target position in the airway through the radial support force of the support structure, and protects the closable component through the guide frame. The closable component can allow the excess gas accumulated in the alveoli to be discharged from the lungs while preventing new gas from entering the affected area, thereby achieving the purpose of lung volume reduction surgery.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of the present invention with a sealing film and a coating;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a structure with a sealing film according to the present invention;

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of one side of FIG2 ;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of the present invention without a sealing film and a covering film;

FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of one side of FIG4;

FIG6 is an enlarged schematic diagram of point A in FIG5 ;

FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of another side of FIG4 ;

FIG8 is a top view of FIG4;

FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a sealing film and a closable member of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an application of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further described below with reference to specific illustrations.

1 to 9 , a lung volume reduction device includes a support structure 100 , a one-way valve structure 200 , at least one conveyor connection portion 300 , a sealing membrane 400 , a covering membrane 500 , and at least one anchoring structure.

The support structure 100 is retractable and has a compressed state and an expanded state. The inner diameter of the support structure 100 is greater than the maximum inner diameter of the one-way valve structure 200. The support structure 100 is used to support the entire lung volume reduction device, and the outer wall of the support structure 100 fits on the wall of the lung bronchus. The diameter of the support structure 100 can be adjusted according to the size of the bronchus to better fit and fix on the lung bronchus.

The support structure 100 can be a self-expanding support structure or a ball-expanding support structure. When the support structure is a ball-expanding support structure, since the support structure does not have the characteristic of self-expansion, a balloon that cooperates with the support structure 100 is also provided on the conveyor. In the initial state, the support structure 100 is sleeved on the balloon for compression and gripping. When no medium is injected into the balloon, the balloon is in a contracted state and is gathered together with the support structure 100 in the lumen of the external conveying device and conveyed to the target position. Then, a medium is injected into the balloon, and the support structure 100 is gradually expanded in the process of expanding the balloon, thereby realizing that the one-way valve structure 200 is in an expanded state. The medium injected into the balloon can be saline or a mixed liquid of saline and contrast agent. During the injection of the contrast agent, the shape of the support structure 100 can be observed from time to time by an external developing device to judge the expansion effect of the support structure 100. When the support structure 100 is a self-expanding support structure, there is no need to add a balloon. However, for better support, a balloon can also be provided to enable the support structure 100 to better present the overall shape of the expanded state, so as to better support the entire lung volume reduction device.

When the support structure 100 is a self-expanding support structure, the support structure 100 preferably uses a self-expanding memory alloy, such as nickel-titanium, nickel-titanium-based, copper-based, iron-based, etc. When the support structure 100 is a ball-expanding support structure, the support structure 100 preferably uses a cobalt-chromium alloy.

1 to 7 , the support structure 100 may include at least one layer of a porous structure 110 and a support connection structure 120 .

The porous structure 110 has a plurality of first supports 111. As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the first supports 111 are quadrilateral structures, and the plurality of first supports 111 are sequentially fixedly connected to form a hollow ring-shaped porous structure 110. The first supports 111 are preferably rhombus-shaped, and the first supports 111 include an upper support portion 1111 and a lower support portion 1112. The upper support portion 1111 is an inverted V-shaped structure, and the two adjacent sides of the upper support portion 1111 are equal in length. The lower support portion 1112 is a V-shaped structure, and the distal end of the lower support portion 1112 is connected to the proximal end of the upper support portion 1111, and the two adjacent sides of the lower support portion 1112 are equal in length. The distal outer side of the first support body 111, the distal inner side of the first support body 111, and the proximal inner side of the first support body 111 are all circular arc or elliptical arc, and the arc of the circular arc or elliptical arc is 130°-150°, and can be 130°, 140° or 150°. As a result, two adjacent sides on the distal inner side of the first support body 111 and the proximal inner side of the first support body 111 form an outward expansion portion, and the outward expansion angle b of the outward expansion portion is 10°-30°.

The support connection structure 120 is a hollow annular structure, the distal end of the support connection structure 120 is axially adjacent to the porous structure 110, and the proximal end of the support connection structure 120 is connected to the one-way valve structure 200. The support connection structure 120 has a plurality of second support bodies 121, and the second support bodies 121 are wavy, V-shaped, W-shaped or inverted Z-shaped structures. The plurality of second support bodies 121 are smoothly connected in sequence to form a hollow annular support connection structure 120. There is a spacing section 122 at the connection between two adjacent second support bodies 121 to prevent the two adjacent second support bodies 121 from being over-gripped when being gripped. The outer side of the proximal end of the second support body 121 and the inner side of the proximal end of the second support body 121 are both circular arc or elliptical arc, and the shape of the circular arc or elliptical arc is the same as that of the first support body 111, so that the two adjacent sides on the inner side of the proximal end of the second support body 121 form the same outward expansion portion.

1 to 7 , the support structure 100 of the present invention preferably includes a layer of porous structure 110 and a circle of support connection structure 120. The porous structure 110 includes eight rhombus-shaped first support bodies 111, and the support connection structure 120 includes eight V-shaped second support bodies 121, and the distal ends of the second support bodies 121 are connected to the proximal ends of the first support bodies 111, and the connection portions have spacer segments 122.

The support structure 100 may further include at least one row of support ends, and multiple rows of axially adjacent support ends may be provided according to the axial length requirements of the support structure 100. The support end includes a plurality of support frame units and a plurality of support connection areas.

Several support frame units are connected to each other. The support frame units are gyro-shaped hollow frame units. The support frame units have a first protrusion and a second protrusion. The first protrusion protrudes toward the distal direction along the axial direction of the support structure 100, and the second protrusion protrudes toward the proximal direction along the axial direction of the support structure 100. The support frame unit also has a first connection portion and a second connection portion. The first connection portion is located between the first protrusion and the corresponding support connection area. The second connection portion is located between the second protrusion and the corresponding support connection area. The width of the support connection area along the circumference of the support structure 100 is greater than twice the average value of the width of the first connection portion and the second connection portion along the circumference of the support structure 100.

The support connection area is the area where two adjacent support frame units are connected to each other. The length of the support connection area along the axial direction of the support structure 100 is one to three times the average value of the width of the first connection part and the second connection part along the circumferential direction of the support structure 100. The ratio of the distance between two adjacent support connection areas to the distance between the first protrusion and the second protrusion is 0.8-1. The distal inner side of the first protrusion, the distal outer side of the first protrusion, and the proximal inner side of the second protrusion are all circular arc or elliptical arc.

The support structure 100 may also adopt a mesh-like hollow annular structure, and the grids in the support structure 100 along the circumferential direction may be single-layer or multi-layer, and the number of grids in one layer is 3-30, preferably 8-16. The support structure 100 is a mesh-like hollow annular structure formed by one or more methods of cutting, welding or weaving. The shape of the grid is not limited, and may be a square frame, a Z shape, a diamond shape, etc.

1 to 5 and 7 to 9, the one-way valve structure 200 is retractable and has a compression state and an expansion state. The one-way valve structure 200 includes a closable member 210, a guide frame 220, and a plurality of connecting rods 230. The size of the one-way valve structure 200 does not change with the size of the bronchus, so as to simplify the one-way valve structure 200, especially the production of the closable member 210, and improve the stability of the closable member 210.

The distal end of the closable member 210 is connected to the support structure 100, and the proximal end of the closable member 210 can be closed when impacted by airflow to prevent external airflow from passing through the proximal end and allow residual airflow in the lungs to pass through the closable member 210 from the distal end. When the closable member 210 is expanded and opened, its cross section can be circular or elliptical. As shown in Figures 2 and 9, the proximal end face of the closable member 210 is an inclined surface, and the inclination angle c between the inclined surface and the horizontal plane is 10°-20°. The horizontal plane is the horizontal plane where the radial direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the support structure 100 is located. The closable member 210 is preferably a leaflet structure, which includes a plurality of leaflets, which are sequentially connected to form a valve body with an outer circumference of a circular ring structure, and the valve body is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the guide frame 220, and the middle part of the valve body can be opened and closed in one direction. The leaflets are made of biological materials and/or polymer materials, and the thickness of the leaflets is 0.1mm-1mm, such as 0.2mm, 0.8mm, preferably 0.3-0.6mm, such as 0.4mm, 0.5mm.

The guide frame 220 is a hollow cylindrical structure, and the guide frame 220 is preferably made of a self-expanding memory alloy. A closable member 210 is arranged inside the guide frame 220, and the guide frame 220 is fixedly connected to at least part of the closable member 210. The guide frame 220 is preferably coaxial with the support structure 100. The distal end of the guide frame 220 is located inside the proximal end of the support structure 100 to make full use of the space, and on the basis of meeting the axial length of the guide frame 220 and the support structure 100, the axial length of the lung volume reduction device is minimized. Preferably, the distal end of the guide frame 220 is located inside the support connection structure 120 of the support structure 100. The guide frame 220 includes a plurality of guide brackets 221, and the guide bracket 221 is an inverted V-shaped structure. The proximal ends of the plurality of guide brackets 221 are sequentially and smoothly connected to form a guide bracket 220 with a hollow annular structure. Preferably, the inner and outer sides of the distal ends of the guide bracket 221 are both smooth transition surfaces.

The connecting rod 230 is used to connect the guide frame 220 and the support structure 100. The connecting rod 230 is preferably made of self-expanding memory alloy. The proximal end of the connecting rod 230 is connected to the distal end of the guide frame 220, and the distal end of the connecting rod 230 is connected to the proximal end of the support structure 100. Preferably, the connecting rod 230, the guide frame 220 and the support structure 100 are made as one piece. The number of connecting rods 230 is 2-8, and the number of connecting rods 230 is preferably the same as the number of guide brackets 221. The proximal end of each connecting rod 230 is connected to the distal crest of the guide bracket 221, and the distal end of the connecting rod 230 is connected to the distal crest of the support connection structure 120. The connecting rod 230 is tilted, as shown in FIG7 , the tilt angle between the length direction of the connecting rod 230 and the central axis of the guide frame 220 is α, 75°≥α≥30°, α can be 35°, 40°, 45°, 50°, 55°, 60°, 65°, 70°, etc. The connecting rod 230 is evenly arranged in a circle around the central axis of the guide frame 220, and a plurality of connecting rods 230 are symmetrically distributed around the center.

A preferred structure of the present invention is: the wall thickness of the support structure 100 is 0.1mm-1mm, such as 0.8mm, 0.9mm, preferably 0.2mm-0.6mm, such as 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, etc., which has the best strength and toughness performance. The diameter of the support structure 100 is 5mm-20mm, preferably 6mm-15mm, and more preferably 7mm-10mm. The wall thickness of the guide frame 220 is 0.1mm-1mm, preferably 0.2mm-0.6mm. The diameter of the guide frame 220 is 1mm-6mm, preferably 2mm-5mm, and more preferably 3mm-4mm. The total height of the lung volume reduction device is 6mm-15mm.

A radiopaque indicator may be provided on the support structure 100 , the guide frame 220 , or the connecting rod 230 . The design of the indicator may facilitate the positioning of the device for intraoperative and postoperative inspection.

The conveyor connection part 300 is arranged at the proximal end of the guide bracket 221, and the axial length of the conveyor connection part 300 is less than the axial length of the guide bracket 221. The conveyor connection part 300 can be one or more, as shown in Figures 1, 2, 4 and 5, there are two conveyor connection parts 300, and the two conveyor connection parts 300 are symmetrically arranged. The conveyor connection part 300 is used to connect the lung volume reduction device and the external conveyor, and the conveyor connection part 300 is provided with a threaded hole or a clamping part that is detachably connected to the external conveyor.

2 and 3 , the sealing film 400 is located inside the supporting structure 100 , and the sealing film 400 and the closable member 210 are an integral structure.

1 , the coating 500 is at least located on the outside of the support structure 100, and preferably the surface of the lung volume reduction device is provided with the coating 500. A drug coating is provided on the outer surface of the coating 500. The drug coating is an anti-inflammatory drug, specifically at least one anti-inflammatory drug selected from dexamethasone (DXM), methylprednisolone or bisphosphonate liposomes.

The materials of the sealing film 400 and the covering film 500 are one or more of silicone, PET, polyurethane, PTFE or e-PTFE. The thickness of the sealing film 400 and the covering film 500 is 0.01mm-1mm. When the sealing film 400 and the covering film 500 are both made of PTFE, they can be connected by mutual bonding inside and outside at high temperature. When the sealing film 400 and the covering film 500 are both made of silicone, the liquid silicone can be directly adhered to the lung volume reduction device and then solidified without suturing, which will not damage the integrity of the sealing film 400 and the covering film 500 and can ensure the bonding degree.

The anchoring structure is in the shape of a spike and is disposed on the outer surface of the support structure 100. The material of the anchoring structure is one or more of a polymer material, a biological tissue or a metal. The anchoring structure is preferably made integrally with the support structure 100.

The present invention further provides a method for using a lung volume reduction device, using the lung volume reduction device 600 of the present invention, comprising the following steps:

S0, insert the bronchoscope through the trachea into the trachea to the target location;

The bronchoscope in this step can be any existing bronchoscope.

S1, placing the lung volume reduction device 600 in the lumen of the delivery device, and passing the delivery device through the working channel of the bronchoscope to the target position;

S2, releasing the support structure 100 of the lung volume reduction device 600 so that it is closely attached to the wall of the bronchus 700;

In this step, when the support structure 100 is released, the axial direction of the support structure 100 can be allowed to be non-parallel to the axial direction of the bronchus 700, that is, the axial direction of the support structure 100 and the axial direction of the bronchus 700 are allowed to have a preset angle, and the preset angle should preferably be no greater than 30°.

S3, releasing the one-way valve structure 200 of the lung volume reduction device 600;

S4, evacuate the conveying device.

S5, adjust the bronchoscope to the position of other patients, and repeat steps S1-S4 until all lung volume reduction devices 600 are released;

S6, withdraw the bronchoscope from the body.

10 , after the lung volume reduction device 600 of the present invention is placed in the bronchus 700, the proximal end of the lung volume reduction device 600 can be closed when impacted by airflow to prevent external airflow from passing through the proximal end, as shown by the arrow in FIG10 , allowing the residual airflow in the lung to pass through the lung volume reduction device 600 from the distal end. The support structure 100 of the lung volume reduction device 600 is fixed inside the airway of the bronchus 700 due to its own retractable radial support force, and the support structure 100 is covered with a film 500 on the surface, so that the damage caused by the support structure 100 to the human body is minimized; the guide frame 220 is responsible for protecting the closable component 210, thereby ensuring the effectiveness of the device and extending the use time of the device.

The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims (8)

1. A lung volume reduction device, comprising a support structure, which is retractable and has a compressed state and an expanded state; The invention is characterized in that it also includes a one-way valve structure, which is retractable and has a squeezed state and an expanded state; the one-way valve structure is connected to the support structure, the maximum outer diameter of the one-way valve structure is smaller than the outer diameter of the support structure, and the one-way valve structure is located inside the support structure; The one-way valve structure comprises: A closable component, the distal end of which is in communication with the support structure, and the proximal end of which can be closed when impacted by airflow, so as to prevent external airflow from passing through the proximal end and allow residual airflow in the lungs to pass through the closable component from the distal end; A guide frame, which is a hollow cylindrical structure, has the closable component disposed therein and is fixedly connected to at least a portion of the closable component, wherein the distal end of the guide frame is located inside the proximal end of the support structure to fully utilize the space and reduce the axial length; A plurality of connecting rods are arranged obliquely, wherein the proximal ends are connected to the distal ends of the guide frame, and the distal ends are connected to the proximal ends of the supporting structures. 2. The lung volume reduction device according to claim 1, characterized in that the support structure is a self-expanding support structure or a ball-expanding support structure. 3. The lung volume reduction device according to claim 1, characterized in that the proximal end surface of the closable member is an inclined surface, and the inclination angle between the inclined surface and the horizontal plane is 10°-20°. 4. The lung volume reduction device according to claim 1, wherein the guide frame is coaxial with the support structure; The guide frame comprises a plurality of guide frames, each of which is an inverted V-shaped structure, and the proximal ends of the plurality of guide frames are smoothly connected in sequence to form the guide frame of a hollow ring structure; The lung volume reduction device further comprises: At least one conveyor connection portion is disposed at the proximal end of at least one of the guide brackets and has an axial length that is smaller than the axial length of the guide bracket; The conveyor connection portion is provided with a threaded hole or a clamping portion which is detachably connected to an external conveyor; The inclined angle between the length direction of the connecting rod and the central axis of the guide frame is α, 75°≥α≥30°; The connecting rods are evenly arranged in a circle around the central axis of the guide frame, and a plurality of the connecting rods are symmetrically distributed around the center. 5. The lung volume reduction device as described in claim 1 is characterized in that the closable component is a leaflet structure, which includes a plurality of leaflets, which are sequentially connected to form a valve body with an outer circumference of a circular ring structure, the valve body is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the guide frame, and the middle part of the valve body can be opened and closed in one direction. 6. The lung volume reduction device according to claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the support structure is larger than the maximum inner diameter of the one-way valve structure; The support structure comprises: At least one layer of porous structure, having a plurality of first supports, wherein the first supports are quadrilateral structures, and the plurality of first supports are sequentially fixedly connected to form the porous structure in a hollow ring shape; a supporting connection structure in the form of a hollow annular structure, with a distal end axially adjacent to the porous structure and a proximal end connected to the one-way valve structure; or, The support structure comprises at least one row of support ends, the support ends comprising: A plurality of supporting frame units are interconnected and are gyro-shaped hollow frame units, having a first protrusion and a second protrusion, wherein the first protrusion protrudes toward the distal direction along the axial direction of the supporting structure, and the second protrusion protrudes toward the proximal direction along the axial direction of the supporting structure; A plurality of supporting connection areas, which are areas where two adjacent supporting frame units are connected to each other; or, The support structure adopts a net-like hollow annular structure, and the grids in the support structure along the circumferential direction are single-layer or multi-layer. 7. The lung volume reduction device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lung volume reduction device further comprises: a sealing membrane, located inside the supporting structure and integral with the closable member; A covering film is at least located on the outer side of the supporting structure, and a drug coating is provided on the outer side. 8. The lung volume reduction device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lung volume reduction device further comprises: At least one anchoring structure is in the shape of a spike and is arranged on the outer side of the supporting structure.