CN114124194A - Satellite flexible switching system and method based on digital channelized beam forming - Google Patents
Satellite flexible switching system and method based on digital channelized beam forming Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
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- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0408—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas using two or more beams, i.e. beam diversity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
- H04B7/0837—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using pre-detection combining
- H04B7/0842—Weighted combining
- H04B7/086—Weighted combining using weights depending on external parameters, e.g. direction of arrival [DOA], predetermined weights or beamforming
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于数字信道化波束形成的星上柔性交换系统及方法，属于卫星通信技术领域。其采用信道化、波束形成、交换一体化架构，完成对接收信号的精确滤波、电路交换和波束形成操作，能够完成用户信号任意跨波束、跨频带的灵活互换，以支持多场景下对卫星移动通信的传输需求，具有灵活的“空域/频域”资源处理机制，可以使同一星载平台能够适应不同体制的传输需求，提高卫星资源的利用效率。
The invention discloses an on-board flexible switching system and method based on digital channelization beam forming, and belongs to the technical field of satellite communication. It adopts an integrated architecture of channelization, beamforming, and switching to complete accurate filtering, circuit switching and beamforming operations for received signals, and can complete flexible exchange of user signals across beams and frequency bands to support satellites in multiple scenarios. The transmission demand of mobile communication has a flexible "airspace/frequency domain" resource processing mechanism, which can enable the same satellite-borne platform to adapt to the transmission requirements of different systems and improve the utilization efficiency of satellite resources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of satellite communication, and particularly relates to an on-satellite flexible switching system and method based on digital channelized beam forming.
Background
Thanks to the development of phased array antenna technology, the multi-beam satellite communication load is increasingly paid more attention and applied with the advantages of high antenna gain, multi-beam coverage, supporting frequency reuse among beams and the like. In order to adapt to cellular simultaneous multi-point multi-beam coverage and fully utilize precious satellite resources, the satellite load begins to develop from traditional bent pipe type forwarding to processing exchange, the flexible space domain and frequency domain resource allocation capability is achieved, and a foundation is laid for end-to-end single-hop communication.
At present, in a structure in which beam forming and subsequent processing and forwarding processing of a transponder of most satellite systems are processed separately, after beam forming, technologies such as a multi-channel filter bank and a multi-phase filter are adopted to realize a narrowband signal exchange function with a fixed bandwidth, and the requirements of different satellite mobile communication systems on beam and subband width scheduling of a satellite-borne platform cannot be supported.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an on-satellite flexible switching system and method based on digital channelized beam forming, aiming at solving the problem of flexible space domain and frequency domain resource allocation of satellite loads.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
a satellite flexible switching system based on digital channelized beam forming comprises a user feed source and radio frequency front end module, an A/D conversion and frequency band splitting module, a receiving beam forming and sub-band splitting module, a service grouping and space-frequency switching module, a sub-band splicing and transmitting beam forming module and a frequency band splicing and D/A conversion module;
the user feed source and the radio frequency front end module receive the array signal and send the array signal to the A/D conversion and frequency band splitting module;
the A/D conversion and frequency band splitting module carries out A/D conversion on input signals, splits a frequency band into signals of different wave beam domains by taking the minimum bandwidth of a user sub-band signal as a unit, and then sends the signals to the receiving wave beam forming and sub-band splitting module;
the receiving beam forming and sub-band splitting module carries out receiving beam forming and sub-band splitting to obtain a basic user sub-band, and the basic user sub-band is sent to the service grouping and space-frequency switching module;
the service grouping and space-frequency switching module is used for completing intra-satellite single-hop service, gateway station feed service and inter-satellite link service grouping, completing channel exchange of any cross-beam and cross-frequency band, and sending a user side signal to the sub-band splicing and transmitting beam forming module;
the sub-band splicing and transmitting beam forming module carries out sub-band splicing and transmitting beam forming on the input signal and then sends the input signal to the frequency band splicing and D/A conversion module;
the frequency band splicing and D/A conversion module carries out frequency band splicing and D/A conversion on the input signal, then the input signal is sent to the user feed source and the radio frequency front end module, and the signal is transmitted out from the user feed source through the radio frequency front end in the user feed source and radio frequency front end module.
An on-satellite flexible switching method based on digital channelized beam forming uses the system to carry out on-satellite flexible switching, array signals input from a user feed source and a radio frequency front end module are Q broadband signals, the array signals comprise a plurality of beam signals of frequency division and space division multiplexing, the signals comprise three types of services of intra-satellite user single hop, gateway station feeder links and inter-satellite links, and any beam crossing and frequency band crossing switching and multi-beam forming at a user side need to be completed among the three types of services; the method comprises the following steps:
and step 3: completing the formation of a receiving beam corresponding to the wave position covering scheme, the beam domain signal with the split Q channel and the corresponding weight; then, according to the dyeing scheme covered by the wave position of the user, grouping and filtering the sub-carriers according to the sub-bands occupied by each user;
and 4, step 4: according to three service types of intra-satellite user single hop, gateway station feeder link and inter-satellite link, performing service grouping, space domain and frequency domain exchange on each sub-band signal;
and 5: splicing signals of different user sub-bands of the same beam together again, wherein an inter-satellite link and a feed link are respectively treated as a beam;
step 6: according to a dyeing scheme covered by a user wave position, signals of the same frequency, which need to be sent by the same feed source, are mutually superposed, signals of different frequency bands are spliced together, and then full-frequency band IFFT processing is carried out to change the signals into time domain signals;
and 7: the data of each section are spliced and connected in the time domain, are converted into analog signals through D/A conversion of corresponding channels, and finally are transmitted out through a radio frequency front end by a user feed source.
Further, in step 1 and step 2, both the time domain segmentation interception and the FFT processing are linear convolution processing.
Further, in step 6 and step 7, the IFFT and time domain data splicing process corresponds to the linear convolution process in step 1 and step 2.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention adopts an integrated architecture of channelization, beam forming and exchange, can finish the operations of accurate filtering, circuit exchange and beam forming of received signals, and can support the requirements of different satellite mobile communication systems on beam and subband width scheduling of satellite-borne platforms, thereby supporting the transmission requirements of satellite mobile communication in multiple scenes and improving the utilization efficiency of satellite resources.
2. The invention takes FFT processing as a core to carry out digital channelized beam forming, and because each subcarrier can be separately processed and routed, the mode can adapt to flexible beam setting of various signal bandwidths.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a general configuration diagram of an on-board flexible switching system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of an on-board flexible switching method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the wave position covering dyeing in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of frequency domain subcarriers of a feed and a beam in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of cross-beam and cross-band switching of user subcarriers in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
A satellite flexible switching system based on digital channelized beam forming comprises a user feed source and a radio frequency front end, A/D conversion and frequency band splitting, receiving beam forming and sub-band splitting, service grouping and space frequency switching, sub-band splicing and transmitting beam forming, frequency band splicing and D/A conversion.
The array signal received by the user feed source is subjected to A/D conversion, the frequency band is split into signals of different wave beam domains by taking the minimum bandwidth of a user sub-band signal as a unit, then the signals are subjected to receiving wave beam forming and sub-band splitting into basic user sub-bands, service grouping and space-frequency exchange are carried out to complete single-hop service, gateway station feed service and inter-satellite chain service grouping in the network, any cross-wave beam and cross-frequency band channel exchange is completed, the user side signal is subjected to frequency band splicing and D/A conversion after sub-band splicing and transmitting wave beam forming, and finally the signals are sent to the user feed source through the radio frequency front end to be transmitted out.
A satellite flexible exchange method based on digital channelized beam forming inputs Q broadband time domain signals from a user feed source, comprises a plurality of beam signals of frequency division and space division multiplexing, the signals mainly comprise three types of services of intra-satellite user single hop, gateway station feeder link and inter-satellite link, and any beam crossing and frequency band crossing exchange among the three types of services and multi-beam forming of a user side are required to be completed. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: and carrying out A/D conversion on the Q channel array signal received by the user feed source, and carrying out time domain segmentation interception processing according to the minimum bandwidth delta B of the user sub-band signal.
Step 2: and performing full-band M-point FFT on the time domain signal of the Q channel, and splitting the time domain signal into a plurality of beam domain signals in a frequency domain according to a wave position covering dyeing scheme.
And step 3: completing the formation of a receiving beam corresponding to the wave position covering scheme, the beam domain signal with the split Q channel and the corresponding weight; and then, according to the dyeing scheme covered by the wave position of the user, grouping and filtering the sub-carriers according to the sub-bands occupied by each user.
And 4, step 4: and carrying out service grouping, space domain and frequency domain switching on each sub-band signal according to three service types of intra-satellite user single hop, gateway station feeder link and inter-satellite link.
And 5: and splicing the signals of different user sub-bands of the same beam together again, wherein the inter-satellite link and the feed link are respectively treated as one beam. For the user side signal, because of the multi-beam frequency multiplexing, the transmission beam forming is needed to generate the Q channel signal.
Step 6: according to the dyeing scheme covered by the user wave position, signals of the same frequency, which need to be sent by the same feed source, are mutually superposed, signals of different frequency bands are spliced together, and then full-frequency-band IFFT is carried out to change the signals into time-domain signals.
And 7: the data of each section are spliced and connected in the time domain, are converted into analog signals through D/A conversion of corresponding channels, and finally are transmitted out through a radio frequency front end by a user feed source.
In step 1 and step 2, the time domain segmentation and FFT processing need to be linear convolution results. Accordingly, in step 6 and step 7, the IFFT and time domain data splicing processes must correspond to the methods adopted in step 1 and step 2.
The following is a more specific example:
as shown in fig. 1, a satellite flexible switching system based on digital channelized beam forming includes a user feed source and a radio frequency front end, a/D conversion and band splitting, receive beam forming and sub-band splitting, service grouping and space-frequency switching, sub-band splicing and transmit beam forming, band splicing and D/a conversion. The Q channel array signals received by a user feed source and a radio frequency front end are respectively subjected to A/D conversion, a frequency band is split into signals of different wave beam domains in a time domain by taking the minimum bandwidth of a user sub-band signal as a unit, then the signals are split into basic user sub-bands through receiving wave beam forming and sub-band splitting, service grouping and space-frequency exchange are carried out to complete single-hop service, gateway station feed service and inter-satellite link service grouping in a network, channel exchange of any cross-wave beam and cross-frequency band is completed, a user side signal is subjected to frequency band splicing and D/A conversion after sub-band splicing and transmitting wave beam forming, and finally the signals are transmitted out by the user feed source through the radio frequency front end.
A satellite flexible exchange method based on digital channelized beam forming inputs Q broadband time domain signals from a user feed source, wherein the Q broadband time domain signals comprise a plurality of beam signals of frequency division multiplexing and space division multiplexing, each beam comprises a plurality of user sub-band signals of frequency division multiplexing, the sub-band signals mainly comprise three types of services of intra-satellite user single hop, gateway station feeder links and inter-satellite links, and any beam crossing, band crossing exchange and multi-beam forming of a user side need to be completed among the three types of services. As shown in fig. 2, the method specifically includes the following steps:
step 1: and carrying out A/D conversion on the Q channel array signal received by the user feed source, and carrying out time domain segmentation interception processing according to the minimum bandwidth delta B of the user sub-band signal.
Step 2: the time domain signals of the Q channel are each subjected to full-band M-point FFT, and are split into a plurality of beam domain signals in the frequency domain according to the wave position coverage dyeing scheme shown in fig. 3.
Suppose that as shown in fig. 4, the 5 th beam is received by the 2 nd, 3 rd, 4 th and 5 th feeds on the 1 st to 4 th sub-carriers, using V5Representing feeds and subcarrier sets associated with the 5 th beamAnd (3) closing:
and step 3: forming a plurality of receiving wave beams by using the wave beam domain signals split by the Q channel and the weight corresponding to each wave position wave beam; taking the 5 th beam as an example, the beamforming recovers the 1 st to 4 th subcarriers of the 5 th beam: { r51，r52，r53，r54}。
Suppose that as shown in the left diagram of fig. 5, the 5 th beam includes two users, user 1 occupies sub-carriers 1 and 2, and user 2 occupies sub-carriers 3 and 4, using UuA set of subcarriers representing the u-th user subband, then:
U1＝{r51，r52}
U2＝{r53，r54}
and then, according to the user frequency multiplexing rule, grouping and filtering the sub-carriers according to the sub-bands occupied by each user.
And 4, step 4: and according to three service types of the intra-satellite user single hop, the gateway station feeder link and the inter-satellite link, carrying out grouping, space domain and frequency domain exchange on each sub-band signal.
Suppose that the 5 th beam contains two users U1，U2After switching to the 1 st beam, as shown in fig. 5, after the space-frequency switching, the 1 st user occupies the 7 th and 8 th sub-carriers of the 1 st beam, and the 2 nd user occupies the 5 th and 6 th sub-carriers of the 1 st beam, so that the signal of the 1 st beam is formed by splicing the signals of the two users together.
U1＝{r17，r18}
U2＝{r15，r16}
And 5: and splicing the signals of different user sub-bands of the same beam together again, wherein the inter-satellite link and the feed link are respectively treated as one beam. For the user side signal, because of the existence of multi-beam frequency multiplexing, the signals of a plurality of beams need to be subjected to transmission beam forming to generate a Q channel signal.
Still taking fig. 4 as an example, the 1 st beam is transmitted by the 4 th, 5 th, 6 th and 7 th feeds on the 5 th to 8 th sub-carriers, using V1Representing the set of feeds and subcarriers associated with the 1 st beam, then:
step 6: according to the dyeing scheme covered by the user wave position, signals of the same frequency, which need to be sent by the same feed source, are mutually superposed, and signals of different frequency bands are spliced together. Then, the full frequency band is subjected to M-point IFFT to become a time domain signal.
And 7: each channel splices and connects each segment of data in time domain, and the data is converted into analog signals after D/A conversion of the corresponding channel, and finally the analog signals are transmitted out by a user feed source through a radio frequency front end.
In summary, the invention provides a digital channelized beam forming method taking FFT processing as a core, which adopts an integrated architecture of channelized, beam forming and exchange, completes accurate filtering, circuit exchange and beam forming operations on received signals, can complete flexible exchange of user signals across beams and across frequency bands at will, so as to support transmission requirements on satellite mobile communication in multiple scenes, has a flexible "space domain/frequency domain" resource processing mechanism, can enable the same satellite-borne platform to adapt to transmission requirements of different systems, and improves utilization efficiency of satellite resources.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A satellite flexible switching system based on digital channelized beam forming is characterized by comprising a user feed source and radio frequency front end module, an A/D conversion and frequency band splitting module, a receiving beam forming and sub-band splitting module, a service grouping and space frequency switching module, a sub-band splicing and transmitting beam forming module and a frequency band splicing and D/A conversion module;
the user feed source and the radio frequency front end module receive the array signal and send the array signal to the A/D conversion and frequency band splitting module;
the A/D conversion and frequency band splitting module carries out A/D conversion on input signals, splits a frequency band into signals of different wave beam domains by taking the minimum bandwidth of a user sub-band signal as a unit, and then sends the signals to the receiving wave beam forming and sub-band splitting module;
the receiving beam forming and sub-band splitting module carries out receiving beam forming and sub-band splitting to obtain a basic user sub-band, and the basic user sub-band is sent to the service grouping and space-frequency switching module;
the service grouping and space-frequency switching module is used for completing intra-satellite single-hop service, gateway station feed service and inter-satellite link service grouping, completing channel exchange of any cross-beam and cross-frequency band, and sending a user side signal to the sub-band splicing and transmitting beam forming module;
the sub-band splicing and transmitting beam forming module carries out sub-band splicing and transmitting beam forming on the input signal and then sends the input signal to the frequency band splicing and D/A conversion module;
the frequency band splicing and D/A conversion module carries out frequency band splicing and D/A conversion on the input signal, then the input signal is sent to the user feed source and the radio frequency front end module, and the signal is transmitted out from the user feed source through the radio frequency front end in the user feed source and radio frequency front end module.
2. An on-board flexible switching method based on digital channelized beam forming is characterized in that the system of claim 1 is used for on-board flexible switching, array signals input from a user feed source and a radio frequency front end module are Q broadband signals, the array signals comprise a plurality of beam signals of frequency division multiplexing and space division multiplexing, the signals comprise three types of services, namely intra-satellite user single hop, gateway station feeder link and inter-satellite link, and any beam crossing, band crossing switching and multi-beam forming at a user side need to be completed among the three types of services; the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, the Q channel array signal received by the user feed source is A/D converted and the minimum bandwidth of the sub-band signal of the user is used
Performing time domain segmentation interception processing to obtain a time domain signal of a Q channel;
step 2, performing full-band M-point FFT on the time domain signal of the Q channel, and splitting the time domain signal into a plurality of beam domain signals in a frequency domain according to a wave position covering dyeing scheme;
and step 3: completing the formation of a receiving beam corresponding to the wave position covering scheme, the beam domain signal with the split Q channel and the corresponding weight; then, according to the dyeing scheme covered by the wave position of the user, grouping and filtering the sub-carriers according to the sub-bands occupied by each user;
and 4, step 4: according to three service types of intra-satellite user single hop, gateway station feeder link and inter-satellite link, performing service grouping, space domain and frequency domain exchange on each sub-band signal;
and 5: splicing signals of different user sub-bands of the same beam together again, wherein an inter-satellite link and a feed link are respectively treated as a beam;
step 6: according to a dyeing scheme covered by a user wave position, signals of the same frequency, which need to be sent by the same feed source, are mutually superposed, signals of different frequency bands are spliced together, and then full-frequency band IFFT processing is carried out to change the signals into time domain signals;
and 7: the data of each section are spliced and connected in the time domain, are converted into analog signals through D/A conversion of corresponding channels, and finally are transmitted out through a radio frequency front end by a user feed source.
3. The satellite-borne flexible switching method based on digital channelized beam forming according to claim 2, characterized in that in step 1 and step 2, time domain segmentation interception and FFT processing are linear convolution processing.
4. The satellite-borne flexible switching method based on digital channelized beam forming according to claim 3, wherein in steps 6 and 7, IFFT and time domain data splicing process correspond to the linear convolution process in steps 1 and 2.
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