CN114122462B - Fuel cell cold blowing method - Google Patents
Fuel cell cold blowing method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114122462B CN114122462B CN202010867181.3A CN202010867181A CN114122462B CN 114122462 B CN114122462 B CN 114122462B CN 202010867181 A CN202010867181 A CN 202010867181A CN 114122462 B CN114122462 B CN 114122462B
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- Prior art keywords
- starting
- state
- fuel cell
- single low
- purging
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000003211 malignant effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 33
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04302—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during start-up
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04544—Voltage
- H01M8/04552—Voltage of the individual fuel cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04664—Failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04671—Failure or abnormal function of the individual fuel cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04664—Failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04679—Failure or abnormal function of fuel cell stacks
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a cold blowing method of a fuel cell, which comprises the steps of starting up, pulling load to a target current A, setting stable operation time t1, and if A and t1 are simultaneously satisfied, successful starting up; if the lowest single chip Vmin is lower than the lower limit value V1 of the single chip of the fuel cell in the operation process, the starting-up fails, if the loading current in the single low state is lower than or equal to the low density, and the standard deviation state of the single low front cell stack is higher than or equal to a preset value, the single low failure is judged to be caused by the membrane drying, the purging state is not entered, and the secondary starting-up state is immediately entered; repeating the operation, and if the starting is single-low fault in three continuous starting times, entering a purging shutdown state; according to the application, through the judgment of the loading current and the standard deviation, the malignant cycle of the galvanic pile sinking into the membrane dry caused by excessive repeated purging is avoided; if the film is judged to be dry, the system is given a second restarting opportunity; the fault rate can be reduced to a certain extent, and the customer experience is enhanced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a cold blowing method of a fuel cell.
Background
The proton exchange membrane fuel cell is widely applied to the fields of new energy automobiles, military industry, ships and the like by virtue of the advantages of high energy conversion rate, no pollution, low noise, zero emission and the like.
The water content is an important parameter in fuel cells. Proton conductivity is closely related to water content, and good output performance corresponds to a fully wetted proton exchange membrane. Too much or too little water content inside the fuel cell can have an adverse effect on the performance of the fuel cell. When the internal water content is too high, flooding phenomenon can occur, and excessive water prevents the transmission of the reaction gas, so that the gas shortage list is low. Insufficient water content can lead to dry failure of the film. The proton conductivity decreases, resulting in a decrease in the output voltage of the system and a decrease in efficiency. Severe membrane dry failure can even lead to membrane tearing, with prolonged membrane dry conditions severely affecting fuel cell output performance and remaining life.
The operation and purge conditions of the fuel cell system have a great influence on the water content. If the running state or the purging is improper, the next starting up is seriously affected. In particular, in winter, the purged high Wen Shiqi generally condenses and freezes after the galvanic pile is reduced to the ambient temperature, which results in blockage of the catalytic layer and the diffusion layer, and prevents the reaction from proceeding when the galvanic pile is restarted, and the volume change caused by water freezing also damages the structure of the membrane electrode assembly, resulting in performance attenuation. To avoid this problem, a longer cold purge is typically performed. Excessive cold purging may result in overdry of the fuel cell.
As shown in fig. 1, if the fuel cell fails to start, the whole vehicle is usually purged and powered off, and then is repeatedly started. Not only can overdry vicious circle be generated, but also the customer experience is extremely bad. Therefore, how to judge whether the membrane is overdry or not by the state of the operation parameters of the fuel cell at the time of starting up can effectively avoid such vicious circle through the strategy.
The prior patent cn200510126365.X is to judge the dry and wet state of the fuel cell membrane by the ac impedance method. The alternating current impedance method is mainly used for measuring an ideal internal resistance Nyqiust diagram of the fuel cell under different operation conditions. And secondly, in the whole vehicle running process, the internal resistance of the electric pile is detected in real time by using an alternating current impedance method, and the dry and wet degree of the film is judged by comparing the internal resistance with an ideal internal resistance diagram. And the real-time water content is adjusted by corresponding operation according to the dry and wet degree.
In order to ensure safe operation and test effectiveness of the fuel cell, the amplitude of sinusoidal alternating current required for testing the internal resistance is controlled within 10% of the direct current of the fuel cell (5% is optimal), otherwise, the disturbance to the fuel cell is too large, and the normal operation of the fuel cell is affected. But in the whole vehicle running process, the direct current is changed in real time according to the whole vehicle requirement. Especially in the process of large load change of the whole vehicle, the direct current span is larger, and the test accuracy is seriously affected. Therefore, in the whole vehicle running process, the internal resistance of the fuel cell cannot be accurately tested.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the application are as follows: the fuel cell cold-blowing method is used for judging whether the engine is in a membrane dry state or not through the starting performance of the fuel cell, so that the vicious circle of blowing-starting caused by the membrane dry in the starting process is avoided as much as possible.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application adopts the following technical scheme: a fuel cell cold-blowing method includes
Starting, namely pulling up the load to the target current A, setting the stable operation time t1, and if the A and the t1 are simultaneously met, successful starting;
if the lowest single chip Vmin is lower than the lower limit value V1 of the single chip of the fuel cell in the operation process, the starting-up fails, if the loading current in the single low state is lower than or equal to the low density, and the standard deviation state of the single low front cell stack is higher than or equal to a preset value, the single low failure is judged to be caused by membrane drying, the purging state is not entered, and the secondary starting-up state is immediately entered after the single low state;
repeating the operation, if the starting is single low fault in three continuous times, reporting single low fault by the system, and entering a purging shutdown state.
The application has the beneficial effects that: the method and the device have the advantages that the judgment is carried out through the current loading state and the standard deviation, so that the problem that the film is excessively dry and lacks sufficient water and cannot be loaded to large current is avoided, and the problem that the consistency of the cell stack performance is poor due to the film being excessively dry is also avoided; therefore, through the judgment of loading current and standard deviation, the malignant cycle that the galvanic pile falls into the membrane dry due to excessive repeated purging is avoided; if the film is judged to be dry, the cold purging is canceled, and the system is given a second restarting opportunity; the fault rate can be reduced to a certain extent, and the customer experience is enhanced. The cold blowing strategy of the application not only meets the requirements of the galvanic pile on cold blowing, but also meets the requirements of the circulating pump on cold blowing, so that the circulating pump can normally start up and rotate during cold starting.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art fuel cell power-on single low strategy flow;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a cold purge method for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to describe the technical contents, the achieved objects and effects of the present application in detail, the following description will be made with reference to the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
A fuel cell cold-blowing method includes
Starting, namely pulling up the load to the target current A, setting the stable operation time t1, and if the A and the t1 are simultaneously met, successful starting;
if the lowest single chip Vmin is lower than the lower limit value V1 of the single chip of the fuel cell in the operation process, the starting-up fails, if the loading current in the single low state is lower than or equal to the low density, and the standard deviation state of the single low front cell stack is higher than or equal to a preset value, the single low failure is judged to be caused by membrane drying, the purging state is not entered, and the secondary starting-up state is immediately entered after the single low state;
repeating the operation, if the starting is single low fault in three continuous times, reporting single low fault by the system, and entering a purging shutdown state.
From the above description, the application avoids the problem that the excessive drying of the membrane lacks sufficient water and cannot be loaded to large current by judging through the current loading state and standard deviation, and also avoids the problem that the uniformity of the cell stack performance is poor due to the excessive drying of the membrane; therefore, through the judgment of loading current and standard deviation, the malignant cycle that the galvanic pile falls into the membrane dry due to excessive repeated purging is avoided; if the film is judged to be dry, the cold purging is canceled, and the system is given a second restarting opportunity; the fault rate can be reduced to a certain extent, and the customer experience is enhanced. The cold blowing strategy of the application not only meets the requirements of the galvanic pile on cold blowing, but also meets the requirements of the circulating pump on cold blowing, so that the circulating pump can normally start up and rotate during cold starting.
Further, the water temperature is waited to be reduced to 5-20 ℃ before the purging and shutdown state is entered.
From the above description, the low-temperature purging is performed by waiting for the water temperature to be reduced to 5-20 ℃ before entering the purging shutdown state, so that the minimum purging time for starting up and turning up the circulating pump is ensured.
Further, a warning is issued when it is judged that the single low failure is caused by film drying.
Examples
Referring to fig. 2, a fuel cell cold purge method includes
Starting, namely pulling load to a target current A (whole vehicle requirement), setting stable operation time t1, and if A and t1 are met at the same time, successful starting;
if the lowest single chip Vmin is lower than the lower limit value V1 of the single chip of the fuel cell in the operation process, the start-up fails, if the loading current in the single low state is lower than or equal to the low density (low density), and the standard deviation state of the single low front cell stack is higher than or equal to a preset value (n), the single low fault is judged to be caused by the dry membrane, the purging state is not entered, and meanwhile, the warning is sent; entering a secondary starting state immediately after single-low;
repeating the operation, if the starting is single low fault in three continuous starting, reporting single low fault in the system, and entering a purging shutdown state, wherein the water temperature is waited to be reduced to 5-20 ℃ before entering the purging shutdown state.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the application, and all equivalent changes made by the specification and drawings of the present application, or direct or indirect application in the relevant art, are included in the scope of the present application.
Claims (3)
1. A fuel cell cold-blowing method is characterized by comprising the following steps of
Starting, namely pulling up the load to the target current A, setting the stable operation time t1, and if the A and the t1 are simultaneously met, successful starting;
if the lowest single chip Vmin is lower than the lower limit value V1 of the single chip of the fuel cell in the operation process, the starting-up fails, if the loading current in the single low state is lower than or equal to the low density, and the standard deviation state of the single low front cell stack is higher than or equal to a preset value, the single low failure is judged to be caused by membrane drying, the purging state is not entered, and the secondary starting-up state is immediately entered after the single low state;
repeating the operation, if the starting is single low fault in three continuous times, reporting single low fault by the system, and entering a purging shutdown state.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the waiting for the water temperature to drop to 5 ℃ to 20 ℃ before entering the purge shutdown state.
3. The fuel cell cold purge method according to claim 1, wherein a warning is issued when it is judged that the single low failure is caused by film drying.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010867181.3A CN114122462B (en) | 2020-08-26 | 2020-08-26 | Fuel cell cold blowing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010867181.3A CN114122462B (en) | 2020-08-26 | 2020-08-26 | Fuel cell cold blowing method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114122462A CN114122462A (en) | 2022-03-01 |
| CN114122462B true CN114122462B (en) | 2023-08-25 |
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| CN202010867181.3A Active CN114122462B (en) | 2020-08-26 | 2020-08-26 | Fuel cell cold blowing method |
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| CN117334961B (en) * | 2023-12-01 | 2024-01-30 | 广东云韬氢能科技有限公司 | Start control method and device for fuel cell system, electronic equipment and medium |
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