CN114156866A - Fault simulation method and device for automatic power generation control system of power grid - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a fault simulation method and device for an automatic power generation control system of a power grid, and belongs to the technical field of information physical coupling analysis of power systems. Wherein the method comprises: setting a mapping function of each stage of the automatic voltage control system; in each round of simulation, taking system frequency, tie line power, plant station active power output and node active injection quantity as physical quantity, taking a plant station active power output set value as control quantity, and updating the current value of the control quantity through the mapping function according to the current value of the physical quantity; and updating the current value of the previous physical quantity according to the current value of the control quantity. The method and the device can realize quantitative analysis of the influence of information disturbance on the power grid, and are favorable for safe operation of the power grid.

Description

A fault simulation method and device for an automatic power generation control system in a power grid

technical field

The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of power system cyber-physical coupling analysis, and in particular relates to a fault simulation method and device for an automatic power generation control system of a power grid.

Background technique

With the application and development of measurement, communication, simulation and control technologies in the power system, the power system has become a typical cyber-physical system (CPS). The physical side of the cyber-physical system mainly refers to the primary power system, including various substations, power generation devices, loads and power grids, etc. The information side includes the measurement, communication, simulation and control of the power system, including phasor measurement Device (Phasor measurement units, PMU), energy management system (Energy management system, EMS) and wide area measurement system (wide area measurement system, WAMS).

The application of the information system in the power primary system makes the operation of the power system more automatic and intelligent, but it also increases the power system's dependence on the information system. The coupling of the information system and the physical system adds new risks to the stable operation of the power system. The disturbance on the information side may affect the normal operation of the power system. For the automatic generation control (AGC) system of the power grid, the frequency measurement error , tie-line power planning errors, command issuance delays, etc. may cause fluctuations and control errors in power grid frequency and plant output, posing challenges to the normal operation of the power system.

The information-side disturbance simulation of the automatic power generation control system can simulate the impact of different information-side disturbances on the operation of the power grid, which can help operators understand the potential risks of the power grid in the current operating state and the severity of different information disturbances, which can help reduce the power grid. potential operational risks. There is no cyber-physical coupling simulation method for AGC system at present.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present disclosure is to fill in the blank of the prior art, and to propose a fault simulation method and device for an automatic power generation control system of a power grid. The present disclosure can realize quantitative analysis of the influence of information disturbance on the power grid, and is helpful for the safe operation of the power grid.

The embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure provides a fault simulation method for an automatic power generation control system of a power grid, including:

Set the mapping function of each stage of the automatic voltage control system;

Take the system frequency, tie line power, plant and station active power output and node active power injection amount as physical quantities, take the set value of plant and station active power output as the control quantity, and update the control quantity through the mapping function according to the current value of the physical quantity the current value of ;

The current value of the physical quantity is updated according to the current value of the control quantity.

In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the method further includes: when the current values of the physical quantity and the control quantity are both updated once, a round of iteration ends; when the number of iteration rounds reaches a set upper limit, the simulation ends , and output the system frequency, the tie line power and the active power output of the plant obtained in each round of iterations.

In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the mapping function includes: a measurement stage mapping function, a decision stage mapping function, and an execution stage mapping function.

In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the initial values of the tie line power, the active power output of the plant and the active power injection amount of the node are obtained by performing power flow calculation under a set operating condition.

In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the power flow calculation further includes:

Calculate the tie-line-node injection power sensitivity:

为节点阻抗矩阵第i行k列的值，上标n表示为节点阻抗，

为节点i与节点j之间的联络线阻抗，上标l表示为联络线阻抗。in,

is the value of the i-th row and k-column of the node impedance matrix, and the superscript n represents the node impedance,

is the tie line impedance between node i and node j, and the superscript l represents the tie line impedance.

In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the updating of the current value of the control quantity through the mapping function according to the current value of the physical quantity includes:

1) Calculate the virtual measurement signal according to the mapping function of the measurement stage;

x→z=E(x)

(i,j)∈N_T、各厂站有功出力

k∈N_g；z表示x中的各个物理量经过量测阶段后到达调度中心时的虚拟量测信号；N_T为电网联络线集合，N_b为电网中母线的集合，N_g为发电厂站所在节点集合；Among them, E represents the mapping function in the measurement stage, and x represents the physical quantity to be measured, including: the system frequency f, the power of each tie line

(i,j) _∈NT , the active power output of each plant

k∈N _g ; z represents the virtual measurement signal when each physical quantity in x reaches the dispatch center after the measurement stage; N _T is the set of grid tie lines, N _b is the set of bus bars in the power grid, and N _g is the power plant station The set of nodes where it is located;

2) Calculate the control instructions according to the mapping function in the decision-making stage:

z→y=Φ(z)

Among them, Φ represents the mapping function in the decision-making stage, and y represents the control instruction;

3) Calculate the grid control variables according to the execution stage mapping function:

y→u=Ω(y)

k∈N_g。Among them, Ω represents the mapping function of the execution stage, u is the control quantity, and the control quantity u is the set value of the active power output of each plant and station

k∈N _g .

In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the simulation updating the value of the current physical quantity according to the value of the current control quantity includes:

1) According to the current system frequency and the set value of the active power output of each plant, calculate the change of the active power injection power of the node:

Among them, the active injection power variation ΔP ^{k of node k} is:

为k节点的有功负荷变化量，

为k节点的厂站有功出力变化量；In the formula,

is the variation of active load at node k,

is the variation of the active power output of the plant station of node k;

According to the variation of the active injection power of node k and the active injection power P ^k (iter) of node k at step iter of the current iteration, update the active injection power of node k at iter+1 step:

P ^k (iter+1)=P ^k (iter)+ΔP ^k ,k∈N _b

Among them, iter is the round sequence number of the current iteration;

更新第iter+1步的k节点的厂站有功出力：According to the change of the active power output of the k node and the active power output of the k node in the iter step of the current iteration

Update the active power output of the k node of the iter+1 step:

2) Calculate the power change of each tie line by using the tie line-node injection power sensitivity according to the change of the active power injection power of the node;

Among them, the power variation of the tie line between node i and node j is:

更新第iter+1步的联络线功率：According to the change of the tie line power between node i and node j and the tie line power of the iter step of the current iteration

Update the tie-line power of step iter+1:

3) Calculate the change of the total unbalanced power of the grid according to the change of the active power injection of the node:

According to the change of the total unbalanced power of the grid and the total unbalanced power P _sur (iter) of the current iteration step iter, update the total unbalanced power of the grid at the iter+1 step:

_Psur (iter+1)= _Psur (iter)+ _ΔPsur

4) Calculate the system frequency variation:

In the formula, H is the system inertia, t _step is the simulation step size, P _sur =P _sur (iter+1);

According to the frequency change and the system frequency of the current iteration step iter, update the system frequency of the iter+1 step:

f(iter+1)=f(iter)+Δf.

The embodiment of the second aspect of the present disclosure provides a fault simulation device for an automatic power generation control system of a power grid, including:

The mapping function building module is used to set the mapping function of each stage of the automatic voltage control system;

The control quantity update module is used to use the system frequency, the power of the tie line, the active power output of the plant and the node as the physical quantity, and the set value of the active power output of the plant as the control quantity. According to the current value of the physical quantity, through the The mapping function updates the current value of the control quantity;

A physical quantity updating module, configured to simulate and update the current value of the physical quantity according to the current value of the control quantity.

An embodiment of a third aspect of the present disclosure provides an electronic device, including:

at least one processor; and, a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor;

Wherein, the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are configured to execute the above-mentioned method for simulating a fault in an automatic power generation control system of a power grid.

Embodiments of the fourth aspect of the present disclosure provide a computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to cause the computer to execute the foregoing method for simulating a fault in an automatic power generation control system of a power grid.

Features and beneficial effects of the present disclosure:

The present disclosure realizes the system state simulation after the information side disturbance by alternately performing the step-by-step simulation of the information system and the physical system, wherein the physical system simulation is realized based on the tie-line-node injection power sensitivity, and can be realized with a small amount of calculation on the basis of the ground-state power flow System frequency simulation can analyze the potential impact of various information system disturbances on the power grid, which helps dispatchers to better understand the risk of power grid operation.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is an overall flow chart of a fault simulation method for an automatic power generation control system of a power grid in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed ways

The present disclosure proposes a fault simulation method and device for an automatic power generation control system of a power grid. The present disclosure will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

The embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure proposes a fault simulation method for an automatic power generation control system of a power grid. The overall process is shown in FIG. 1 and includes the following steps:

1) According to the power grid structure and the given operating conditions, the initial power flow is obtained by calculating the power flow, and the injected power sensitivity of each tie line-node is calculated.

In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the power grid structure: includes the connection relationship between nodes and branches in the power grid, and the location of the power plant station; the operating condition refers to the operating state of the power grid, including: the active power output of the power grid, the active power injection amount of the node, Node load, grid frequency, etc.

节点k上有功注入记为P^k(其中，节点k为任一节点，其可与节点i或j相同)，则节点i与节点j之间的联络线功率对节点k上有功注入的灵敏度

计算表达式如下：The tie-to-node injected power sensitivity represents the rate of change of tie-line power when the net injected active power of the node changes. Denote the power of the tie line between node i and node j as

The active power injection on node k is denoted as P ^k (where node k is any node, which can be the same as node i or j), then the sensitivity of the tie line power between node i and node j to the active power injection on node k

The calculation expression is as follows:

为节点阻抗矩阵第i行k列的值，上标n表示为节点阻抗，

为节点i与节点j之间的联络线阻抗，上标l表示为联络线阻抗。In the formula,

is the value of the i-th row and k-column of the node impedance matrix, and the superscript n represents the node impedance,

is the tie line impedance between node i and node j, and the superscript l represents the tie line impedance.

2) Let the initial iteration round number iter=0;

3) Set the mapping functions E, Φ and Ω of each stage of the AGC system according to the given information system fault; where E represents the mapping function of the measurement stage, Φ represents the mapping function of the decision stage of the dispatch center, and Ω represents the mapping function of the control instruction execution stage function.

In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the information system failure includes: frequency measurement error, tie-line power planning error, command delivery delay, and the like.

4) According to the current value of each physical quantity, carry out the single-step simulation of the AGC system, and update the value of the current control quantity;

(i,j)∈N_T、各厂站有功出力

k∈N_g、各节点有功注入量P^k,k∈N_b；N_T为电网联络线集合，N_b为电网中母线的集合，N_g为发电厂站所在节点集合。所述控制量为各厂站的有功出力设定值

k∈N_g。Wherein, the physical quantities include: system frequency f, power of each tie line

(i,j) _∈NT , the active power output of each plant

k∈N _g , the active power injection amount of each node P ^k ,k∈N _b ; N _T is the set of grid tie lines, N _b is the set of bus bars in the power grid, and N _g is the set of nodes where the power plant station is located. The control quantity is the set value of the active power output of each plant and station

k∈N _g .

Further, when iter=0, the current value of the physical quantity is the set initial value; wherein, the initial value of the system frequency is specified by the user, and the initial values of the remaining physical quantities are obtained from the initial power flow solution in 1) , and then each physical quantity is updated by step 4) system frequency simulation method.

The input physical quantities required by the AGC system (that is, the physical quantities to be measured) include: system frequency, power of each tie line, active power output of each plant, and each input physical quantity may include the measurement information of one or more measurement points as enter. The single-step simulation method of the AGC system information system specifically includes the following steps:

4-1) Calculate the virtual measurement signal according to the set measurement stage mapping function;

x→z=E(x) (2)

(i,j)∈N_T、各厂站有功出力

k∈N_g；z表示x中的各个物理量经过量测阶段后到达调度中心时的虚拟量测信号。Among them, x represents the physical quantity to be measured in the power grid, including: the system frequency f, the power of each tie line

(i,j) _∈NT , the active power output of each plant

k∈N _g ; z represents the virtual measurement signal when each physical quantity in x reaches the dispatch center after passing through the measurement stage.

In the embodiment of the present disclosure, for the AGC system, each physical quantity to be measured may have multiple measurement points.

4-2) According to the set decision-making stage mapping function, calculate the issued control instructions:

z→y=Φ(z) (3)

Among them, y represents the control command issued by the dispatch center;

In the embodiment of the present disclosure, for the AGC system, the control instruction includes the target power of each plant within its jurisdiction.

Specifically, for the AGC system, the dispatch center first calculates the area control error (ACE), which is the unbalanced power value within the jurisdiction, and then uses the PI controller to obtain the control command. The target value of the ACE in the PI controller is set to Set as 0 (it should be noted that the PI controller is a very classic controller, its input includes the target value of ACE and ACE, and the output is the target power of each plant, that is, the control command). For multiple dispatching centers that control different regional plants, the control instructions of each dispatching center need to be calculated separately.

4-3) Execute the stage mapping function according to the set control instruction, and calculate the power grid control amount;

y→u=Ω(y) (4)

where u is the grid control quantity.

k∈N_g，其中

为k节点厂站有功出力设定值(即目标功率)，N_g为发电厂站所在节点集合。In the embodiment of the present disclosure, for the AGC system, the power grid control quantity is the target power of each plant (it should be noted that the command output by the control center needs to be transmitted through the information system and the command execution can be finally reflected on the control quantity, normal In terms of the value of the command and the control value, the difference is not big, but there may be a big difference in the case of a fault in the information system. This difference is reflected by the function Ω), which is recorded as

k∈N _g , where

is the set value (ie target power) of the active power output of the k-node power plant, and N _g is the set of nodes where the power plant is located.

k∈N_g)，进行系统频率仿真，并更新各物理量的值；其中，系统频率的单步仿真具体包括以下步骤：5) Obtained according to the value of the current control amount (ie step 4)

k∈N _g ), carry out the system frequency simulation, and update the value of each physical quantity; wherein, the single-step simulation of the system frequency specifically includes the following steps:

5-1) According to the current system frequency, the frequency dynamic characteristics of each node load and generator, and the set value of each node’s active power output, calculate the change in active power injection power of each node;

(该变化量为与系统频率相关)，将k节点的厂站有功出力变化量记为

(该变化量与系统频率及该节点厂站有功出力设定值相关)，则k节点的有功注入功率变化量ΔP^k为：Among them, the change of active load of node k is recorded as

(The change is related to the system frequency), and the change of the active power output of the plant at node k is recorded as

(The change is related to the system frequency and the set value of the active power output of the node plant), then the active injection power change ΔP ^{k of node k} is:

According to the variation of the active injection power of node k and the active injection power P ^k (iter) of node k at step iter, update the active injection power of node k at iter+1 step:

P ^k (iter+1)=P ^k (iter)+ΔP ^k ,k∈N _b (6)

更新第iter+1步的k节点的厂站有功出力：According to the change of the active power output of the k node and the active power output of the k node in the iter step

Update the active power output of the k node of the iter+1 step:

和

对应的函数关系保持不变，但是其函数值随f和

的值变化。It should be noted that in each iteration,

and

The corresponding functional relationship remains unchanged, but its function value varies with f and

value changes.

5-2) Calculate the power variation of each tie line by using the tie line-node injection power sensitivity according to the variation of the active power injection power of each node.

In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the power variation of the tie line between node i and node j is:

更新According to the change of tie line power between node i and node j and the tie line power of step iter

renew

The power of the tie line in step iter+1:

5-3) Calculate the variation ΔP _sur of the total unbalanced power P _sur of the grid according to the variation of the active injection power of each node:

According to the change of the total unbalanced power of the grid and the total unbalanced power of the grid P _sur (iter) at the iter step, update the total unbalanced power of the grid at the iter+1 step:

P _sur (iter+1)=P _sur (iter)+ΔP _sur (11)

5-4) Calculate the system frequency variation:

In the formula, H is the inertia of the system, t _step is the simulation step size, and P _sur =P _sur (iter+1). In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the simulation step size may be 0.1 seconds.

According to the frequency change and the system frequency of the iter step, update the system frequency of the iter+1 step:

f(iter+1)=f(iter)+Δf (13)

6) Let the number of iteration rounds iter=iter+1, and determine:

If the number of iteration rounds reaches the preset maximum number of iteration rounds, the simulation will be terminated, and the system frequency, tie-line power and active power output of each plant in each round of the iteration process will be output to obtain the system frequency curve, tie-line power curve and each station’s active output. The active power output curve of the plant station is for the operator's reference; otherwise, return to 4) to continue the calculation. In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the simulation step size can be 0.1 seconds, the total simulation time is 100 seconds, and the maximum number of iteration rounds is 1000

In order to realize the above embodiments, the second aspect of the present disclosure provides a fault simulation device for an automatic power generation control system of a power grid, including:

The mapping function building module is used to set the mapping function of each stage of the automatic voltage control system;

The control quantity update module is used to use the system frequency, the power of the tie line, the active power output of the plant and the node as the physical quantity, and the set value of the active power output of the plant as the control quantity. According to the current value of the physical quantity, through the The mapping function updates the current value of the control quantity;

A physical quantity updating module, configured to simulate and update the current value of the physical quantity according to the current value of the control quantity.

In order to realize the above embodiments, an embodiment of the third aspect of the present disclosure provides an electronic device, including:

at least one processor; and, a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor;

Wherein, the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are configured to execute the above-mentioned method for simulating a fault in an automatic power generation control system of a power grid.

In order to realize the above-mentioned embodiments, the fourth aspect of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to make the computer execute the above-mentioned automatic power generation from a power grid Control system fault simulation method.

It should be noted that the computer-readable medium mentioned above in the present disclosure may be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium, or any combination of the above two. The computer-readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus or device, or a combination of any of the above. More specific examples of computer readable storage media may include, but are not limited to, electrical connections with one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), erasable Programmable read only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optics, portable compact disk read only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In this disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In the present disclosure, however, a computer-readable signal medium may include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave with computer-readable program code embodied thereon. Such propagated data signals may take a variety of forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. A computer-readable signal medium can also be any computer-readable medium other than a computer-readable storage medium that can transmit, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device . Program code embodied on a computer readable medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium including, but not limited to, electrical wire, optical fiber cable, RF (radio frequency), etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

The above-mentioned computer-readable medium may be included in the above-mentioned electronic device; or may exist alone without being assembled into the electronic device. The computer-readable medium carries one or more programs, and when the one or more programs are executed by the electronic device, causes the electronic device to execute the method for simulating a fault in an automatic power generation control system of a power grid according to the foregoing embodiment.

Computer program code for carrying out operations of the present disclosure may be written in one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages—such as Java, Smalltalk, C++, but also conventional Procedural programming language - such as the "C" language or similar programming language. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer, or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any kind of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (eg, using an Internet service provider through Internet connection).

In the description of this specification, description with reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples", etc., mean specific features described in connection with the embodiment or example , structure, material or feature is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of the different embodiments or examples, without conflicting each other.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature delimited with "first", "second" may expressly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless expressly and specifically defined otherwise.

Any description of a process or method in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, segment or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function or step of the process , and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present application includes alternative implementations in which the functions may be performed out of the order shown or discussed, including performing the functions substantially concurrently or in the reverse order depending upon the functions involved, which should It is understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present application belong.

The logic and/or steps represented in flowcharts or otherwise described herein, for example, may be considered an ordered listing of executable instructions for implementing the logical functions, may be embodied in any computer-readable medium, For use with, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from and execute instructions from an instruction execution system, apparatus, or apparatus) or equipment. For the purposes of this specification, a "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or apparatus. More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of computer readable media include the following: electrical connections with one or more wiring (electronic devices), portable computer disk cartridges (magnetic devices), random access memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Erasable Editable Read Only Memory (EPROM or Flash Memory), Fiber Optic Devices, and Portable Compact Disc Read Only Memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program may be printed, as may be done, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, interpretation, or other suitable means as necessary process to obtain the program electronically and then store it in computer memory.

It should be understood that various parts of this application may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above-described embodiments, various steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one or a combination of the following techniques known in the art: Discrete logic circuits, application specific integrated circuits with suitable combinational logic gates, Programmable Gate Arrays (PGA), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA), etc.

Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps carried by the methods of the above embodiments can be completed by instructing relevant hardware through a program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the program can be executed when the program is executed. , including one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiment.

In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one module. The above-mentioned integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware, and can also be implemented in the form of software function modules. If the integrated modules are implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as independent products, they may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

The above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and the like. Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limitations to the present application. Embodiments are subject to variations, modifications, substitutions and variations.

Claims (10)

1. A fault simulation method for an automatic power generation control system of a power grid is characterized by comprising the following steps:

setting a mapping function of each stage of the automatic voltage control system;

taking the system frequency, the tie line power, the plant station active power output and the node active injection quantity as physical quantities, taking a plant station active power output set value as a control quantity, and updating the current value of the control quantity through the mapping function according to the current value of the physical quantity;

and updating the current value of the physical quantity according to the current value of the control quantity.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: when the current values of the physical quantity and the control quantity are updated once, one round of iteration is finished; and when the iteration round number reaches a set upper limit, ending the simulation, and outputting the system frequency, the tie line power and the station active power output obtained by each iteration round.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the mapping function comprises: a measurement phase mapping function, a decision phase mapping function, and an execution phase mapping function.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the initial values of the tie line power, the plant station active power output and the node active injection amount are obtained by performing a power flow calculation under a set operation condition.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the power flow calculation further comprises:

calculating the tie-line-node injection power sensitivity:

wherein,

the value of k column in the ith row of the node impedance matrix, the superscript n is the node impedance,

the superscript l is the tie-line impedance between node i and node j.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the updating the current value of the control quantity by the mapping function according to the current value of the physical quantity comprises:

1) calculating a virtual measurement signal according to a mapping function of a measurement stage;

x→z＝E(x)

wherein, E represents a mapping function of a measurement stage, x represents a physical quantity to be measured, and the method comprises the following steps: system frequency f, power of each tie line

Active power output of each station

z represents a virtual measurement signal when each physical quantity in x reaches a dispatching center after passing through a measurement stage; n is a radical of_TFor a set of grid lines, N_bAs a collection of busbars in the grid, N_gThe node is a node set where the power plant station is located;

2) calculating a control instruction according to a decision stage mapping function:

z→y＝Φ(z)

wherein phi represents a decision stage mapping function, and y represents a control instruction;

3) calculating a power grid control variable according to the execution stage mapping function:

y→u＝Ω(y)

wherein, Ω represents an execution stage mapping function, u is a control quantity, and the control quantity u is an active output set value of each station

k∈N_g。

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the simulation updating the value of the current physical quantity according to the value of the current control quantity includes:

1) calculating the active injection power variation of the node according to the current system frequency and the active output set value of each station:

wherein, the active injection power variation quantity delta P of the k node^kComprises the following steps:

in the formula,

is the active load variation of the k node,

the station active output variation of the k node is obtained;

according to the active injection power variation of the k node and the active injection power P of the k node in the iter step of the current iteration^k(iter), updating the active injection power of the k node in the iter +1 step:

P^k(iter+1)＝P^k(iter)+ΔP^k,k∈N_b

wherein iter is the sequence number of the current iteration;

according to the station active output variation of the k node and the station active output of the k node of the current iteration iter step

And updating the station active power output of the k node in the iter +1 step:

2) calculating the power variation of each tie line by utilizing the sensitivity of the tie line-node injection power according to the active injection power variation of the node;

wherein, the tie line power variation between the node i and the node j is:

according to the call wire power variable quantity between the node i and the node j and the call wire power of the current iteration iter step

Updating the power of the tie line in the iter +1 step:

3) calculating the variable quantity of the total unbalanced power of the power grid according to the variable quantity of the active injection power of the node:

according to the variable quantity of the total unbalanced power of the power grid and the total unbalanced power P of the power grid in the iter step of the current iteration_sur(iter), updating the total unbalanced power of the power grid in the iter +1 step:

P_sur(iter+1)＝P_sur(iter)+ΔP_sur

4) calculating the system frequency variation:

wherein H is the system inertia, t_stepFor simulation step size, P_sur＝P_sur(iter+1)；

Updating the system frequency of the iter +1 step according to the frequency variation and the system frequency of the iter step of the current iteration:

f(iter+1)＝f(iter)+Δf。

8. the utility model provides a power grid automatic generation control system fault simulation device which characterized in that includes:

the mapping function construction module is used for setting mapping functions of all stages of the automatic voltage control system;

the control quantity updating module is used for taking the system frequency, the tie line power, the plant station active output and the node active injection quantity as physical quantities, taking a plant station active output set value as a control quantity, and updating the current value of the control quantity through the mapping function according to the current value of the physical quantity;

and the physical quantity updating module is used for simulating and updating the current value of the physical quantity according to the current value of the control quantity.

9. An electronic device, comprising:

at least one processor; and a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor;

wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, the instructions being arranged to perform the method of any of the preceding claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1-7.

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