CN114250769A - Large head compaction pile forming process - Google Patents
Large head compaction pile forming process Download PDFInfo
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- CN114250769A CN114250769A CN202111306101.8A CN202111306101A CN114250769A CN 114250769 A CN114250769 A CN 114250769A CN 202111306101 A CN202111306101 A CN 202111306101A CN 114250769 A CN114250769 A CN 114250769A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
- E02D5/38—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds
- E02D5/44—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds with enlarged footing or enlargements at the bottom of the pile
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
- E02D15/04—Placing concrete in mould-pipes, pile tubes, bore-holes or narrow shafts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/44—Bits with helical conveying portion, e.g. screw type bits; Augers with leading portion or with detachable parts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2250/00—Production methods
- E02D2250/0023—Cast, i.e. in situ or in a mold or other formwork
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a pile forming process for a large-head compaction pile. The existing pile-forming method has the problems of low bearing capacity of the pile end, small side friction resistance of the pile, low pile body strength, poor bottom layer adapting capability, incapability of meeting the requirement of environmental protection, low construction efficiency and the like to different degrees. The invention utilizes a bidirectional screw drill bit to reversely extrude soil to form a hole to reach the elevation of the hole bottom; the drill rod of the drilling tool is rotated in the forward direction to carry out double-pipe high-pressure rotary spraying, cement slurry wrapping high-pressure gas is sprayed to the hole wall in a high-pressure mode, the high-pressure cement slurry rotates to cut a soil body, and the hole diameter is expanded to form an expanded head; pumping concrete at the bottom of the hole for pressure irrigation to form the expanded head concrete compaction pile. The method solves the problem of the deficient soil at the bottom of the extruded soil cast-in-place pile, greatly improves the bearing capacity of a single pile, and obviously improves the integral bearing capacity of the foundation; the pile has compacted soil body, and the collapsibility of the soil between piles is eliminated at one time in collapsible loess areas; in the whole drilling process, the drill bit extrudes soil in the hole, the soil in the hole does not leave the hole, no waste soil is generated, the cost is saved, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of foundation engineering foundation treatment, in particular to a pile forming process of a large-head compaction pile.
Background
The foundation is the foundation of all kinds of foundation engineering construction, and the stability of foundation has decided the safe handling of superstructure, and the good foundation of condition itself generally hardly meets, and the bearing capacity of foundation can not satisfy the engineering demand in most times, consequently needs manual intervention, often needs to handle improper foundation often in the construction. The method of lime-soil compaction pile, concrete pile or reinforced concrete pile is adopted in the foundation reinforcement construction, at present, the pile-forming method adopted in China frequently comprises the following steps:
1. tamping and expanding the pile by the composite carrier: the process adopts heavy hammer tamping, the pile casing is drilled with holes, after the designed elevation is reached, the pile hammer is tamped out of the pile casing for a certain depth, then the materials are filled into the holes in batches, the pile hammer is tamped repeatedly, after the design requirement is reached, the dry and hard concrete is filled in and tamped to form a carrier, the pile hammer is lifted out of the pile casing, the concrete is filled in after a reinforcement cage is inserted, the pile casing is pulled out, and the composite carrier is used for tamping and expanding the pile. The drawbacks of this approach are: the depth of the reinforced foundation is not enough, the efficiency is low, and vibration is generated; the pile body concrete is shallow in ramming, the concrete is not compact, and the pile body strength is not enough.
2. Drilling high-pressure jet expanding press-cast concrete special-shaped pile (patent number ZL 02132652.5): the technology adopts the long screw pile machine to form a hole, after the hole is drilled to the elevation, when the drilling tool is lifted, high-pressure medium is sprayed to the side wall of the bottom of the pile hole from a nozzle arranged on the inner side of a drill bit flank, so that the diameter of the hole bottom is enlarged, and concrete is grouted under pressure to form a large-head pile. The drawbacks of this approach are: the soil between the piles has no compaction effect, the friction force of the side wall is small, and the bearing capacity is low; the earth is produced in the process of forming the hole, and the cost of transporting the residual earth is produced.
3. A method for forming piles by spraying wings and sinking pipes (patent number ZL 96109873.2): the technology is that a pipe-sinking pile machine is adopted to sink to a designed elevation, then steel reinforcement cage lowering and concrete pouring are completed, high-pressure cement slurry is sprayed outwards through four nozzles arranged on the outer wall of a pile pipe to form a plate-shaped ash soil body while a steel pipe is lifted, and after pipe drawing is completed, the plate-shaped ash soil body is connected with concrete in the pipe to form a side wing concrete pile. The drilling tool is not rotated, the diameter of the bottom of the hole cannot be increased by high-pressure jet grouting cement paste once, and therefore the bearing capacity of the pile end cannot be greatly improved. In addition, the method has high noise when the vibration pipe-sinking pile machine is used for construction, and the construction in urban areas cannot meet the environmental protection requirement.
4. The pipe sinking method is mostly adopted for the lime-soil compaction pile, and the method comprises the steps of sinking a steel pipe with the same diameter as a pile hole into soil by vibration or hammering, pulling out the pipe pile hole, and then carrying out lime-soil tamping filling to form the lime-soil compaction pile. The drawbacks of this approach are: the smoke, noise and vibration generated in the construction process do not meet the requirement of environmental protection, and the process is gradually eliminated.
The pile-forming method has the problems of low bearing capacity of the pile end, small side friction resistance of the pile, low strength of the pile body, poor bottom layer adapting capability, incapability of meeting the requirement of environmental protection, low construction efficiency and the like in different degrees.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pile forming process for a large-head compaction pile, which overcomes the defects of the prior art, solves the problem of the deficient soil at the pile bottom of the concrete pile based on a double-helix compaction hole-forming means, and solves the problem that the diameter of the large head is difficult to meet the design requirement due to the attenuation of the injection pressure of other devices by utilizing a double-pipe high-pressure rotary spraying means.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the pile forming process of the big-end compaction pile is characterized in that:
the process comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: reversely compacting soil body by using a bidirectional screw drill to form a hole until the hole bottom elevation is reached;
step two: the drill rod of the drilling tool is rotated in the forward direction to carry out double-pipe high-pressure rotary spraying, cement slurry wrapping high-pressure gas is sprayed to the hole wall in a high-pressure mode, the high-pressure cement slurry rotates to cut a soil body, and the hole diameter is expanded to form an expanded head;
step three: pumping concrete at the bottom of the hole for pressure irrigation to form the expanded head concrete compaction pile.
In the first step, the outer wall of the bidirectional screw drill is sequentially provided with a helical blade, a reverse thread and a forward thread from bottom to top.
The bidirectional screw drill is characterized in that a guide pipe is arranged in the bidirectional screw drill, a double-pipe nozzle is arranged at the edge of the bottom surface of the spiral blade, the guide pipe is connected with the double-pipe nozzle, and cement slurry wrapping high-pressure gas enters the double-pipe nozzle through the guide pipe and is sprayed out.
The guide pipe is internally provided with a high-pressure air pipe and a high-pressure slurry pipe, and the high-pressure air pipe and the high-pressure slurry pipe are connected into a double-pipe nozzle.
The middle shaft of the bidirectional screw drill bit is a concrete filling pipe, an interlayer is arranged between the concrete filling pipe and the outer wall of the drill bit, and the guide pipe is positioned in the interlayer.
The bottom of the bidirectional screw drill is provided with a concrete discharge hole, and the concrete filling pipe is connected with the concrete discharge hole.
In the second step, the cement slurry is cement slurry with a water-cement ratio of 0.6-1.0, and the cement is ordinary Portland cement with a strength grade of 42.5.
In the second step, the pressure of a slurry pump for spraying the cement slurry is 20-25 MPa, and the pressure of an air compressor is 1-1.2 MPa.
In the second step, in the stage of forming the expanded head, the lifting speed of the drill rod is 35cm/min, and the rotating speed of the drill rod is 6 r/min.
And after the second step is finished, reversely inserting a reinforcement cage into the formed expanded head concrete compaction pile to form the reinforced concrete large-head pile.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention solves the problem of the deficient soil at the bottom of the extruded soil cast-in-place pile, greatly improves the bearing capacity of a single pile and obviously improves the integral bearing capacity of the foundation.
2. The pile formed by the process has compacted soil, and the collapsibility of the soil between piles is eliminated at one time in collapsible loess areas.
3. In the whole drilling process, the drill bit extrudes soil in the hole, no hole exists in the soil in the hole, no waste soil is generated, the cost is saved, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings of the embodiments can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of example 1.
FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of example 2.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a bi-directional screw drill bit.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the guide tube arrangement.
Fig. 5 is a sectional view a-a' in fig. 4.
The labels in the figure are:
the method comprises the following steps of 1-forward thread, 2-reverse thread, 3-helical blade, 4-double pipe nozzle, 5-concrete discharge port, 6-guide pipe, 7-high pressure air pipe, 8-high pressure grout pipe, 9-concrete pouring pipe, 10-drill pipe, 11-drill pipe and concrete pouring pipe interlayer.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
The invention provides a big-end compaction pile forming process, which is a concrete big-end pile process with bidirectional screw threads, reverse compaction pore-forming and double-pipe high-pressure rotary spraying expansion big ends, and specifically comprises the following steps (embodiment 1):
the method comprises the following steps: and reversely compacting soil body by using a bidirectional screw drill to form a hole to the elevation of the hole bottom.
The bidirectional screw drill bit has a special structure, and the outer wall of the bidirectional screw drill bit is sequentially provided with a helical blade 3, a reverse thread 2 and a forward thread 1 from bottom to top. The bidirectional screw drill bit is positioned at the bottom end of the drill rod 10, the bidirectional screw drill bit and the drill rod 10 are both of a hollow structure, a concrete pouring pipe 9 which is communicated up and down is arranged on a central axis, an interlayer is arranged between the concrete pouring pipe 9 and the outer wall (the drill rod and the drill bit), a guide pipe 6 is arranged in the interlayer, a high-pressure air pipe 7 and a high-pressure slurry pipe 8 are arranged in the guide pipe 6, a double-pipe nozzle 4 is arranged at the edge of the bottom surface of the helical blade 3, the high-pressure air pipe 7 and the high-pressure slurry pipe 8 in the guide pipe 6 are connected with the double-pipe nozzle 4, and cement slurry wrapping high-pressure gas can enter the double-pipe nozzle 4 through the guide pipe 6 to be sprayed out. The bottom of the bidirectional screw drill is also provided with a concrete discharge port 5, and a concrete filling pipe 9 is connected into the concrete discharge port 5.
Step two: and (3) carrying out double-pipe high-pressure rotary spraying by forward rotation of a drill rod of the drilling tool, jetting cement slurry wrapping high-pressure gas to the hole wall at high pressure, and carrying out rotary cutting on the soil body by the high-pressure cement slurry to expand the hole diameter to form an expanded head.
The cement slurry is cement slurry with a water-cement ratio of 0.6-1.0, and the cement is ordinary Portland cement with a strength grade of 42.5. The pressure of a slurry pump for spraying the cement slurry is 20-25 MPa, and the pressure of an air compressor is 1-1.2 MPa. In the stage of forming the expanded head, the lifting speed of the drill rod is 35cm/min, and the rotating speed of the drill rod is 6 revolutions/min.
Step three: pumping concrete to the hole bottom through the concrete discharge port 5 for pressure irrigation to form the expanded head concrete compaction pile.
And (3) lowering the drill bit to the bottom of the hole, and performing pressure-grouting on concrete bottom sealing from the bottom of the drill bit to the bottom of the hole through a hollow drill rod to replace cement-soil slurry at the bottom to the top surface of the concrete. In the whole drilling lifting process, the concrete surface is ensured to be not less than 50cm higher than the bottom of the discharge hole. Along with the lifting of the drilling tool and the rising of the concrete surface, the cement-soil slurry is carried out until the hole is formed, and the problem of the bottom loose soil of the double-spiral compaction hole is effectively solved.
After the second step of the method is completed, a reinforcement cage may be inserted in the formed enlarged footing concrete compaction pile in a reverse direction, so as to form a reinforced concrete large-headed pile (embodiment 2).
The present invention has been described in terms of specific examples, which are provided to aid understanding of the invention and are not intended to be limiting. For a person skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions, modifications or substitutions may be made according to the idea of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The pile forming process of the big-end compaction pile is characterized in that:
the process comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: reversely compacting soil body by using a bidirectional screw drill to form a hole until the hole bottom elevation is reached;
step two: the drill rod of the drilling tool is rotated in the forward direction to carry out double-pipe high-pressure rotary spraying, cement slurry wrapping high-pressure gas is sprayed to the hole wall in a high-pressure mode, the high-pressure cement slurry rotates to cut a soil body, and the hole diameter is expanded to form an expanded head;
step three: pumping concrete at the bottom of the hole for pressure irrigation to form the expanded head concrete compaction pile.
2. The pile-forming process of the large-head compaction pile according to claim 1, wherein:
in the first step, the outer wall of the bidirectional screw drill is sequentially provided with a helical blade (3), a reverse thread (2) and a forward thread (1) from bottom to top.
3. The pile-forming process of the large-head compaction pile as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
the bidirectional screw drill is internally provided with a guide pipe (6), the edge of the bottom surface of the spiral blade (3) is provided with a double-pipe nozzle (4), the guide pipe (6) is connected with the double-pipe nozzle (4), and cement slurry wrapping high-pressure gas enters the double-pipe nozzle (4) through the guide pipe (6) to be sprayed out.
4. The pile-forming process of the large-head compaction pile as claimed in claim 3, wherein:
a high-pressure air pipe (7) and a high-pressure slurry pipe (8) are arranged in the guide pipe (6), and the high-pressure air pipe (7) and the high-pressure slurry pipe (8) are connected into the double-pipe nozzle (4).
5. The pile-forming process of the large-head compaction pile as claimed in claim 4, wherein:
the middle shaft of the bidirectional screw drill bit is a concrete pouring pipe (9), an interlayer is arranged between the concrete pouring pipe (9) and the outer wall of the drill bit, and the guide pipe (6) is positioned in the interlayer.
6. The pile-forming process of the large-head compaction pile as claimed in claim 5, wherein:
the bottom of the bidirectional screw drill is provided with a concrete discharge hole (5), and a concrete filling pipe (9) is connected into the concrete discharge hole (5).
7. The pile-forming process of the large-head compaction pile as claimed in claim 6, wherein:
in the second step, the cement slurry is cement slurry with a water-cement ratio of 0.6-1.0, and the cement is ordinary Portland cement with a strength grade of 42.5.
8. The pile-forming process of the large-head compaction pile as claimed in claim 7, wherein:
in the second step, the pressure of a slurry pump for spraying the cement slurry is 20-25 MPa, and the pressure of an air compressor is 1-1.2 MPa.
9. The pile-forming process of the large-head compaction pile as claimed in claim 8, wherein:
in the second step, in the stage of forming the expanded head, the lifting speed of the drill rod is 35cm/min, and the rotating speed of the drill rod is 6 r/min.
10. The pile-forming process of the large-head compaction pile as claimed in claim 9, wherein:
and after the second step is finished, reversely inserting a reinforcement cage into the formed expanded head concrete compaction pile to form the reinforced concrete large-head pile.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111306101.8A CN114250769A (en) | 2021-11-05 | 2021-11-05 | Large head compaction pile forming process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111306101.8A CN114250769A (en) | 2021-11-05 | 2021-11-05 | Large head compaction pile forming process |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114250769A true CN114250769A (en) | 2022-03-29 |
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| CN202111306101.8A Pending CN114250769A (en) | 2021-11-05 | 2021-11-05 | Large head compaction pile forming process |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008106426A (en) * | 2006-10-23 | 2008-05-08 | Nippon Hume Corp | Pre-boring precast concrete pile burial method |
| WO2011046748A1 (en) * | 2009-10-15 | 2011-04-21 | Ben Stroyer | Auger grouted displacement pile |
| CN201826303U (en) * | 2010-07-06 | 2011-05-11 | 袁小忠 | Long-spiral high/low-pressure multi-pipe self-drilling type mixing jet grouting pile forming device |
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| CN103437348A (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2013-12-11 | 深圳市福田建安建设集团有限公司 | Construction device and method of pile peripheral cemented soil cast-in-place stiffness core pile |
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-
2021
- 2021-11-05 CN CN202111306101.8A patent/CN114250769A/en active Pending
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Application publication date: 20220329 |