Airplane wallboard structure stringer overturning tool and co-curing forming method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aviation manufacturing, and particularly relates to a stringer overturning tool and a co-curing forming method for an aircraft panel structure, and particularly relates to a stringer overturning tool and a co-curing forming method for an aircraft composite airfoil panel co-curing forming process.
Background
Aircraft composite airfoil panel structures are increasingly used in primary and secondary load-bearing members of modern aircraft, common composite panel structures are generally formed by integrally combining panel skins and stringers of different shapes, and selectable stringer configurations include a U-shaped configuration, a T-shaped configuration, an I-shaped configuration and the like. The composite material autoclave forming process can adopt the process schemes of co-curing, co-bonding, secondary bonding and the like, wherein the co-curing process only needs one autoclave cost, and has certain manufacturing cost advantage.
The co-curing process flow of the composite material wallboard structure comprises the following steps: firstly, obtaining preformed stringer laying layers by means of a stringer paving tool, then combining and positioning a plurality of stringer laying layers one by one, turning the whole body for 180 degrees, transferring the whole body to a wallboard forming tool to carry out secondary combined positioning with a skin laying layer, then carrying out vacuum packaging and pushing the product into an autoclave to complete curing and forming. Compared with a co-bonding process or a secondary bonding process, the stringer laying layers in the co-curing process are all uncured wet prepregs in two combined positioning processes which are successively carried out, so that the technical difficulty of controlling thickness tolerance of the stringer axes and the webs is greatly increased.
Common aircraft composite material airfoil wallboard forming tool designs mainly relate to stringer laying tool (preforming process) and wallboard forming tool (integral combination curing process). In the preparation process, a plurality of stringer laying layers and the preforming units of the paving tool are manually combined and positioned one by one to complete 180-degree turning in the air, and further complete secondary combined positioning with the skin laying layers. Particularly for large-size wing panel structures, the stringer paving tool has the characteristics of large weight and large rotation inertia, and has great potential safety hazards in field operation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to effectively improve the difficult point of process quality control and the potential safety hazard in the prior art, a set of stringer turning tool and a co-curing forming method for the stringer structure of the stringer and suitable for the stringer ply combination positioning and integral turning process are provided aiming at the composite material stringer structure of the airplane wing surface. The stringer overturning tool and the matched positioning device have the characteristics of simple structure and convenience in operation, and can meet the requirements of the co-curing forming process of the aircraft wallboard parts on process stability and production efficiency.
According to the technical scheme of the invention, the stringer overturning tool for the aircraft wallboard structure is characterized by being used for realizing the combined positioning of a stringer laying layer and the overturning and positioning of the whole overturning process, and being matched with a stringer paving tool and a wallboard forming tool to realize the co-curing forming of a composite wallboard structure, and comprises:
the upset platform, be equipped with on the upset platform:
the paving tool limiting device is used for limiting and restricting the transfer process of the stringer paving tool;
the paving tool connecting device is used for connecting and positioning the stringer paving tool on the overturning platform;
the paving tool positioning device is used for positioning and restraining the end heads at two sides of the stringer paving tool on the overturning platform;
the wallboard forming tool butt joint device is used for butt joint and positioning between the turnover platform and the wallboard forming tool after the turnover platform is turned integrally;
the first/second support is arranged at two ends of the overturning platform and is connected with the overturning platform through a support connecting device respectively.
Further, the turnover platform comprises a frame and a panel kept above the frame, and the paving tool limiting device, the paving tool connecting device, the paving tool positioning device and the wallboard forming tool butt-joint device are arranged on the panel.
Further, spread and paste frock stop device and include:
the stringer side positioning plate is arranged on one longitudinal side of the overturning platform and used for limiting and constraining the stringer paving tool in the corresponding area;
the stringer end positioning plates are arranged at the longitudinal two ends of the overturning platform and used for limiting and constraining the two ends of each stringer paving and pasting tool.
Further, spread and paste frock connecting device includes:
the stringer connecting slide rails are arranged approximately perpendicular to the stringer paving tool direction and used for realizing precise control of thickness tolerance of a stringer laying layer while a plurality of groups of stringer paving tools slide along the slide rail direction to integrally combine the stringers;
and the sliding rail connecting blocks are arranged on the stringer connecting sliding rails and correspond to the connecting grooves at the bottom of the stringer paving tool one by one, and are used for connecting and positioning the stringer paving tool on the overturning platform.
Furthermore, the stringer connecting slide rail realizes the directional limiting sliding on the overturning platform by means of the slide rail guiding limiting block, one end of the stringer connecting slide rail penetrates through the stringer side edge positioning plate, and the end part of the stringer connecting slide rail is provided with a slide rail locking pin for realizing the connection and the disconnection between the stringer connecting slide rail and the overturning platform.
Further, when the stringer paving tool is connected with the overturning platform for positioning, the slide rail locking pin is in a locking state; when the stringer combination is butted and positioned with a wallboard forming tool after 180-degree overturning, the sliding rail locking pin is in an open state to realize separation from the overturning platform.
Further, spread and paste frock positioner for a plurality of stringer end locating pins.
Furthermore, the bottom of the stringer paving tool is provided with a positioning connecting groove, and two sides of the stringer paving tool are provided with end positioning holes;
the positioning connecting grooves are longitudinally distributed along the long girders and are connected and positioned with the sliding rail connecting blocks in the paving and pasting tool connecting device one by one;
the end positioning holes are through holes distributed in the ends at two sides of the stringer paving tool and are connected and positioned with a plurality of end positioning pins in the paving tool positioning device one by one correspondingly.
Furthermore, the end positioning holes are elliptical holes along the direction of the stringer connecting slide rail on one side of the stringer paving tool, and circular holes are formed in the other side of the stringer paving tool; the location spread groove is the irregular square groove of connecting the slide rail direction along the stringer, be used for doing the stringer is spread and is pasted the frock and provide the removal space of connecting the slide rail direction along the stringer.
Further, wallboard shaping frock interfacing apparatus includes and is in turn over a plurality of wallboard butt joint locating pins of longitudinal arrangement along the stringer on the platform.
Furthermore, a wallboard positioning butt joint structure is arranged on the wallboard forming tool, is longitudinally arranged along the upper stringer of the wallboard forming tool, and is connected and positioned with the wallboard butt joint positioning pins of the wallboard forming tool butt joint device one by one correspondingly.
Further, the first support and the second support are provided with a rotating shaft and a speed reducer.
Further, the support connecting device comprises a connecting bearing and a connecting flange.
Furthermore, the rotating shaft of the first/second support is connected with two ends of the overturning platform through a connecting bearing and a connecting flange.
According to a second aspect of the invention, a co-curing forming method for an aircraft panel structure is provided, and is characterized in that the method adopts the stringer overturning tool according to any one of the above aspects to realize the overturning and positioning of the stringer laying layer combination positioning and the whole overturning process, and realizes the co-curing forming of the composite panel structure by matching with the stringer paving tool and the panel forming tool, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) pre-forming the prepreg on a stringer paving tool to form a stringer laying blank;
2) transferring a stringer spreading tool and a stringer spreading blank carried by the stringer spreading tool to a stringer overturning tool, and realizing the integral combination and the spreading thickness control of a plurality of stringer spreading layers and the integral positioning between the stringer spreading tool and the stringer overturning tool through a spreading tool limiting device, a spreading tool connecting device and a spreading tool positioning device;
3) the overturning tool is used for realizing the air overturning of the combination of the stringer spreading blank and the stringer paving tool by 180 degrees, and the integral positioning butt joint with the wallboard forming tool is realized through the wallboard forming tool butt joint device;
4) the stringer paving tool main body and the integral separation between the two side ends of the stringer paving tool and the overturning platform are respectively completed by a slide rail locking pin in the paving tool connecting device and an end positioning pin in the paving tool positioning device;
5) and (5) finishing the vacuum packaging of the wall plate by using auxiliary materials, and pushing the wall plate into an autoclave to be heated and cured.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the stringer overturning tool and the co-curing forming method thereof provided by the invention can be suitable for co-curing forming processes of stringer wallboard structures with different configurations such as U-shaped, T-shaped, I-shaped and the like, wherein the stringer overturning tool and the corresponding stringer paving limiting device, the stringer paving tool connecting device, the stringer paving tool positioning device and the wallboard forming tool butt-joint device can solve the process quality control difficulty and the operation safety hazard in the stringer overturning process in the prior art under the condition that the main structures of the stringer paving tool and the wallboard forming tool are not changed, the labor intensity of operation workers can be greatly reduced, the tool has the characteristics of simple structure, convenience in operation and accurate stringer positioning, and the requirements of the co-curing forming process of composite material parts of the aircraft wallboard on process stability and production efficiency can be met.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a stringer turnover tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial correspondence of a stringer turnover tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of portion 1 of FIG. 2 according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of portion 2 of FIG. 2 according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of portion 3 of FIG. 2 according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a rotating shaft and a connecting flange according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a detail view of a stringer link sled according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a wall plate docking pin according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a stringer end locating pin according to the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a slide rail locking pin according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a slide rail connecting block according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a stringer layup fixture according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a panel forming tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the butt joint between a stringer flipping tool and a panel forming tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a docking assembly between a stringer flipping tool and a panel forming tool according to the present invention;
the implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the exemplary embodiments below are not intended to represent all implementations consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present disclosure, as detailed in the appended claims.
The terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and in the claims of the present disclosure are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the disclosure described herein are, for example, capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein.
Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
A plurality, including two or more.
And/or, it should be understood that, for the term "and/or" as used in this disclosure, it is merely one type of association that describes an associated object, meaning that three types of relationships may exist. For example, a and/or B, may represent: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone.
The invention relates to a composite material wallboard structure stringer overturning tool, which is characterized in that: including upset platform, left socle and right branch frame, install rotation axis and reduction gear on the left and right branch frame respectively, the rotation axis with the both ends of upset platform 1 are through connecting bearing and flange joint.
The turnover platform is formed by welding a frame and a panel, and realizes connection and positioning between the turnover platform and the stringer paving tool (shown in figure 12) through corresponding devices such as a stringer side positioning plate, a stringer end positioning pin, a stringer connecting slide rail, a slide rail locking pin, a slide rail connecting block and the like, so that clearance fit control, integral combined positioning and turnover of a plurality of (not less than 8) stringer paving tools can be realized at one time.
The stringer paving tool is of a rigid male die structure, and prepreg is molded on the paving tool in advance. The end part is provided with an end positioning hole, and the bottom part is provided with a connecting groove.
The lengths of the stringer side positioning plates and the stringer end positioning plates on the two sides depend on the overall dimension of the wallboard structure, and the stringer end positioning plates are used for limiting and constraining the transfer process of the stringer paving and pasting tool.
The stringer connecting slide rails are arranged approximately perpendicular to the stringer direction, and the stringer paving and pasting tool is used for sliding along the slide rail direction to carry out overall combination of the stringers and simultaneously realize accurate control of thickness tolerance of a stringer paving layer.
The stringer is connected and has been arranged the sliding rail connecting block on the slide rail, and spread the spread groove of pasting the frock bottom with the stringer and correspond one by one for the stringer is spread and is pasted the connection location of frock on the upset platform.
The stringer end positioning pins correspond to the stringer laying tool end positioning holes one by one and are used for positioning and restraining the stringer laying tool end on the overturning platform. The sliding rail locking pin is used for connecting and disconnecting the stringer between the sliding rail and the overturning platform. When the stringer paving tool is connected and positioned with the overturning platform, the slide rail locking pin is in a locking state; and when the stringer combination is butted and positioned with a wallboard forming tool after 180-degree overturning, the sliding rail locking pin is in an open state to realize the separation of corresponding components of the stringer forming tool.
The wall plate forming tool comprises a wall plate forming panel, a welding frame, a platform, a support at the lower part of the platform, pulleys arranged at the bottom of the support, a wall plate positioning butt joint structure arranged on the platform, and a stringer longitudinally arranged on the wall plate positioning butt joint structure along the wall plate forming tool.
And a plurality of wallboard butt joint positioning pins are longitudinally arranged on the overturning platform along the stringer, correspond to the positioning butt joint structures on the wallboard forming tool (shown in figure 13) one by one (shown in figure 15), and are used for butt joint and positioning between the overturning platform and the wallboard tool after the overturning platform is integrally overturned for 180 degrees.
Examples
The embodiment provides a stringer shop front upset frock and supporting positioner suitable for aircraft wing panel structure co-curing forming process, and wherein stringer upset frock mainly constitutes and includes: the device comprises a turnover platform 1, a left support 2, a right support 3, a rotating shaft 4, a speed reducer 5, a connecting bearing 6, a connecting flange 7, a stringer side positioning plate 8, a stringer end positioning plate 9, a stringer end positioning pin 10, a stringer connecting slide rail 11, a slide rail locking pin 12, a slide rail connecting block 13, a slide rail guiding limiting block 18 and a wallboard butt joint positioning pin 14, and can meet the functions of stringer combined positioning and wallboard forming tooling combined positioning after being turned over for 180 degrees in the air in the large-size composite wallboard forming process.
1) Stringer overturning tool
As shown in fig. 1, the turnover platform comprises a turnover platform 1, a left support 2 and a right support 3, wherein a rotating shaft 4 and a speed reducer 5 are respectively installed on the left support and the right support, and the rotating shaft is connected with two ends of the turnover platform 1 through a connecting bearing 6 and a connecting flange 7.
The turnover platform 1 is formed by welding a frame and a panel, and is connected and positioned with a stringer paving tool (shown in figure 12) through corresponding devices such as a stringer side positioning plate 8, a stringer end positioning plate 9, a stringer end positioning pin 10, a stringer connecting slide rail 11, a slide rail locking pin 12, a slide rail connecting block 13, a slide rail guiding limiting block 18 and the like, so that the clearance fit control, the integral combination positioning and the turnover of a plurality of (not less than 8) stringer paving tools can be realized at one time. The lengths of the stringer side positioning plates 8 and the stringer end positioning plates 9 on the two sides depend on the overall dimension of the wallboard structure, and the stringer end positioning plates are used for limiting and constraining the transfer process of the single stringer paving tool. The plurality of stringer connecting slide rails 11 are arranged approximately perpendicular to the stringer direction, and are fixed on the overturning platform through the slide rail guide limiting blocks 18, so that the accurate control of the thickness tolerance of the stringer laying layer is realized while the multi-group stringer laying tool slides along the slide rail direction to carry out overall combination of the stringers. The stringer is connected slide rail 11 and is realized its directional spacing slip on the upset platform with the help of slide rail direction stopper 18, has arranged sliding rail connection piece 13 on the stringer connects slide rail 11, and spread the spread groove 15 of pasting the frock bottom with the stringer and correspond one by one for the stringer is spread and is pasted the connection location of frock on upset platform 1. The slide rail connecting block 13 includes a butt joint portion and a clamping portion connected to a lower portion of the butt joint portion. The stringer end positioning pins 10 correspond to the stringer end positioning holes 16 of the stringer paving tool one by one and are used for positioning and restraining the stringer end on the overturning platform 1. The sliding rail locking pin 12 is used for connecting and disconnecting the stringer connecting sliding rail 11 and the overturning platform 1. When the stringer paving tool is connected and positioned with the overturning platform 1, the slide rail locking pin 12 is in a locking state; and when the stringer combination is butted and positioned with a wallboard forming tool after being turned for 180 degrees, the slide rail locking pin 12 is in an open state to realize the separation of corresponding components of the stringer forming tool.
A plurality of wallboard butt-joint positioning pins 14 are longitudinally arranged on the overturning platform along the stringer, and correspond to the positioning butt-joint structures 17 on the wallboard forming tool (shown in fig. 13) one by one (shown in fig. 15) for butt joint and positioning between the overturning platform and the wallboard tool after the overturning platform is integrally overturned for 180 degrees.
2) Corresponding positioning device on stringer paving tool
As shown in fig. 12, the corresponding connecting and positioning structure on the stringer paving tool includes a positioning connecting groove 15 formed at the bottom of the stringer paving tool and end positioning holes 16 formed at both sides of the stringer paving tool. The positioning connecting grooves 15 are longitudinally distributed along the stringer and are correspondingly connected and positioned with the sliding rail connecting blocks 13 in the stringer overturning tool one by one. The location spread groove 15 is the irregular square groove of connecting the slide rail direction along the stringer, including butt joint groove and joint groove two parts, and the butt joint portion of sliding rail connection piece 13 and the butt joint groove butt joint of location spread groove 15 and embedding back realize the connection location of the two at the joint inslot through joint portion joint.
The stringer end positioning holes are distributed at the ends of the two sides of the paving tool and are connected and positioned with stringer end positioning pins 10 in the stringer overturning tool one by one correspondingly.
3) Corresponding positioning device on wallboard forming tool
As shown in fig. 13, the corresponding connection positioning structure on the panel forming tool is a panel positioning abutting structure 17. The positioning butt joint structure 17 is longitudinally arranged along the stringer on the stringer forming tool and is correspondingly connected and positioned with the stringer butt joint positioning pins 14 in the stringer overturning tool one by one.
Therefore, the invention relates to a stringer overturning tool and a positioning device thereof in the co-curing forming process of an aircraft wing panel wall plate structure, which can effectively improve the difficult point of process quality control and potential safety hazard in the co-curing forming process of a large-scale wing panel wall plate, can meet the requirements of the co-curing forming process of the aircraft wing composite material wall plate structure on process stability and production efficiency, and belongs to the technical field of aviation manufacturing.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.