CN114306933A - A kind of potential signal acquisition method and implantable nerve stimulator - Google Patents
A kind of potential signal acquisition method and implantable nerve stimulator Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present disclosure provides a potential signal acquisition method and an implantable neural stimulator, wherein the method includes: outputting a pulse stimulation signal to a stimulation target point; after the stimulation pulse of the pulse stimulation signal is finished, carrying out passive charge balance on the stimulation target point; and after the passive charge balance is finished and before the next stimulation pulse is started, acquiring a potential signal of a target point.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to a potential signal acquisition method and an implantable neural stimulator.
Background
The deep brain stimulator is an implanted medical instrument, is mainly used for treating dyskinesia and mental disorder diseases, and has indications including Parkinson's disease, dystonia, essential tremor, obsessive-compulsive disorder and the like. With the development of the field of neural regulation, the action mechanism of deep brain electrical stimulation is more closely related to electrical stimulation parameters. Deep brain electrical stimulation is used as direct intervention on deep brain electrical activity, and the relationship between deep brain electrical stimulation and brain electrical spontaneous activity may influence the curative effect and side effect of stimulation. Therefore, the demand for developing a deep brain stimulator with a deep brain potential signal acquisition function is more urgent.
In the related art, the acquired potential signals are mainly LFP (local field potential) signals and ECAP (evoked compound action potential) signals, the amplitude uV is of the order of magnitude, and the acquisition occurs during a stimulation pulse, which may have a noise influence on the acquisition of the potential signals.
Disclosure of Invention
The disclosure provides a potential signal acquisition method and an implantable neural stimulator.
According to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a potential signal acquisition method, including:
outputting a pulse stimulation signal to a stimulation target point;
after the stimulation pulse of the pulse stimulation signal is finished, carrying out passive charge balance on the stimulation target point;
and after the passive charge balance is finished and before the next stimulation pulse is started, acquiring a potential signal of a target point.
According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided an implantable neurostimulator, comprising a main controller, a pulse generation module and a signal acquisition module;
the main controller is used for controlling the pulse generation module to output a pulse stimulation signal to a stimulation target point;
after the stimulation pulse of the pulse stimulation signal is finished, carrying out passive charge balance on the stimulation target point;
and the signal acquisition module is used for controlling the signal acquisition module to acquire the potential signal of the target point after the passive charge balance is finished and before the next stimulation pulse is started.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, after the pulse stimulation signal is input to the stimulation target, the passive charge balance may be performed on the stimulation target after the stimulation pulse is ended, that is, at the stimulation falling edge of the pulse stimulation signal, and the potential signal of the target may be acquired after the passive charge balance is ended and before the next stimulation pulse is started. According to the scheme, the potential signal of the target point of the target object can be acquired under the condition that residual charges of the pulse stimulation signal are eliminated, so that the acquired potential signal is more accurate.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method of acquiring a potential signal according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a stimulation waveform according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a flow diagram illustrating a method for determining duration in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating yet another stimulation waveform according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating yet another stimulation waveform according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating yet another stimulation waveform according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating yet another stimulation waveform according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating an implantable neurostimulator, according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a computer device, according to an example embodiment.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The specific manner described in the following exemplary embodiments does not represent all aspects consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present disclosure, as detailed in the appended claims.
The terminology used in the present disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. As used in this disclosure and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It is to be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at … …" or "when … …" or "in response to a determination", depending on the context.
In order to make the potential signal acquisition method provided by the present disclosure clearer, the following describes in detail the implementation process of the scheme provided by the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for acquiring a potential signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1, the process includes steps 101 to 103.
The stimulation target point is the body part of the target object to be stimulated. For example, the stimulation target may be a target region in brain tissue that a target patient needs to be stimulated by an electrical signal output by a deep brain stimulator during treatment. The pulse stimulation signal is a stimulation signal output when a target object is stimulated. For example, the pulse stimulation signal may be a pulse signal output by a deep brain stimulator when stimulating a target area in the brain tissue of a target patient.
The step can output the pulse stimulation signal to the stimulation target of the target object so as to stimulate the stimulation target of the target object. For example, this step may output a corresponding pulse signal to a target region in the brain tissue of the target patient to stimulate the target region in the brain tissue. For example, the signal waveform of the pulse stimulation signal output to the stimulation target point in this step may be the waveform shown in fig. 2. It is understood that the process of outputting the pulse stimulation signal to the stimulation target is a process of periodic output, and in the embodiment of the disclosure, the acquisition of the potential signal is also realized in one output period. For example, in fig. 2, the potential signal is acquired for a certain time period t within one pulse stimulation signal output period.
It is understood that the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the specific implementation of outputting pulsed stimulation signals to a stimulation target. For example, a main controller of the deep brain stimulator may be used to control the pulse generation module and output a pulse stimulation signal to the stimulation target based on the stimulation electrode.
And 102, after the stimulation pulse of the pulse stimulation signal is finished, carrying out passive charge balance on the stimulation target point.
In this step, the passive charge balance may be performed on the stimulation target after the stimulation pulse of the pulse stimulation signal is ended. This step may utilize passive charge balancing to reduce the "carry-over" effect on the body of the target after the stimulation pulse has terminated stimulation to the stimulation target.
It is to be understood that the specific manner of passive charge balancing in the embodiments of the present disclosure is not limiting. Exemplarily, in fig. 2, the waveform after the stimulation pulse is ended corresponds to a passive charge balancing process. For example, a passive charge balancing process may be started at the end of the stimulation pulse and a preset time period elapses to gradually eliminate residual charges generated to the body of the target object after the pulse stimulation signal is output.
And 103, acquiring a potential signal of the target point after the passive charge balance is finished and before the next stimulation pulse is started.
Since the passive charge balance processing can reduce or eliminate the residual charge caused by the pulse stimulation signal output to the stimulation target, it is desirable in the embodiments of the present disclosure that the potential signal can be collected again without any influence of the residual charge or the residual charge is lower than the threshold, so that the collected potential signal is more accurate and is not influenced or reduced by the residual charge of the pulse stimulation signal.
In this step, the potential signal of the target point is collected within the collection time period t just after the passive charge balance is determined and before the next stimulation pulse is started, that is, under the condition that the residual charge of the output pulse stimulation signal is eliminated or is lower than the threshold value.
The acquisition duration t may be a preset acquisition time length, or may be duration information obtained dynamically and comprehensively according to different information such as acquisition requirements, body parameters of the target object, stimulation parameters of the pulse stimulation signal, and the like, without limitation. In addition, the target point may be the same or different target area as the stimulation target point, or may be a target area partially overlapping with the stimulation target point, and the relationship or influence between the stimulation target point and the target point is not limited in the embodiment of the disclosure.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, after the pulse stimulation signal is output to the stimulation target, the passive charge balance may be performed on the stimulation target after the stimulation pulse of the pulse stimulation signal is ended, and the potential signal of the target may be collected after the passive charge balance is ended and before the next stimulation pulse is started. According to the scheme, the potential signal of the target point of the target object can be acquired under the condition of eliminating or reducing the residual charge, so that the acquired potential signal is more accurate.
In some optional embodiments, in step 103, acquiring a potential signal of the target point after the end of the passive charge balance and before the start of the next stimulation pulse may specifically include: and acquiring the potential signal of the target point after the delay time length from the delay starting moment.
Taking fig. 2 as an example, the time corresponding to the end of the stimulation pulse may be set as the delay start time, and the time corresponding to T2 may be set as the delay time. That is, in the above alternative embodiment, it may be determined after the time period T2 after the stimulus falling edge is completed and before the start of the next stimulus pulse after the end of passive charge balance. That is, at the end of the time period T2, the residual charge of the output pulse stimulation signal is considered to have been eliminated or substantially eliminated, and the potential signal of the target point is acquired.
In the above optional embodiment, the delay start time is a time corresponding to the end of the stimulation pulse, that is, the stimulation falling edge time is used as the delay start time. In some alternative embodiments, the time corresponding to the start of the next stimulation pulse, i.e. the time corresponding to the stimulation rising edge of the pulsed stimulation signal, or the charge balance time may be taken as the delay start time. What is only different is that under the condition that the delay starting time is different, the delay time length can be adaptively changed so as to ensure that the stimulation signal of the stimulation target point is basically zero at the last time of the delay time length, namely the influence of the residual charge of the output pulse stimulation signal is eliminated.
In some alternative embodiments, the delay time duration and/or the acquisition time duration may be determined in accordance with a stimulation parameter of the pulsed stimulation signal; the stimulation parameters include at least one of: frequency information, amplitude information, pulse width information, contact impedance information of the collecting electrode and/or the stimulating electrode. The contact impedance information of the collecting electrode and/or the stimulating electrode specifically refers to the loop impedance of a collecting and/or stimulating loop formed by the contact of the collecting electrode and/or the stimulating electrode and the patient tissue.
For example, the delay time duration or the acquisition time duration may be determined based on one or more of frequency information, amplitude information, pulse width information, contact impedance information of the acquisition electrode and/or the stimulation electrode. It is understood that the stimulation parameters are parameter information of the pulse stimulation signals, and the above are only specific examples of the parameters, and more stimulation parameters may be selected as parameters for determining the delay time duration or the acquisition time duration in specific implementations. In a preferred embodiment, the time delay duration may be determined based on the amplitude and pulse width of the pulsed stimulation signal. The acquisition duration can be determined according to the frequency, the pulse width and the time delay duration of the pulse stimulation signal. In deep brain nerve stimulation, the amplitude of a pulse stimulation signal is 0-10V, the pulse width is 30-450us, and the preferable value range of the delay time T2 is 0-100 ms. In the deep brain nerve stimulation, the frequency of the pulse stimulation signal is 2-250Hz, and the preferred value range of the acquisition time t is 10us-100 ms.
In some alternative embodiments, the determining the delay time duration and/or the acquisition time duration according to the stimulation parameters of the pulse stimulation signal, as shown in fig. 3, may include steps 301 to 303.
And 301, acquiring the stimulation parameters.
This step may obtain stimulation parameters of the pulsed stimulation signal, such as frequency information, amplitude information, pulse width information, contact impedance information, etc. of the pulsed stimulation signal.
After the stimulation parameters are obtained, the time delay or the acquisition time to be set can be comprehensively determined according to the stimulation parameters. It should be noted that, the specific algorithm for determining the delay time or the acquisition time to be set according to the stimulation parameter may be obtained by pre-storing a mapping table, or by using a preset calculation formula or algorithm, and the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited.
In a possible implementation manner, a supervised learning manner, an unsupervised learning manner or a reinforcement learning manner in the machine learning may be adopted, and the stimulation parameters are used to determine the delay time or the acquisition time corresponding to the to-be-set time. In another possible implementation manner, after the stimulation parameters are collected, a table look-up manner may be used to determine the corresponding delay time or the collection time to be set according to the stimulation parameters. The above is merely an exemplary implementation and does not constitute a limitation of implementation of the scheme.
After the delay time or the acquisition time to be set is determined, the step can further judge whether the value to be set is different from the current value. If the two are the same, no update is necessary; and if the two are different, updating the current value according to the determined value to be set, namely updating the delay time length and/or the acquisition time length according to the set delay time length and/or the acquisition time length.
In some optional embodiments, the determining the delay time duration and/or the acquisition time duration according to the stimulation parameter of the pulsed stimulation signal comprises: and determining the delay time length and/or the acquisition time length according to the variation range of the stimulation parameters of the pulse stimulation signals.
If the current stimulation parameter cannot be acquired in real time, the variation range of the stimulation parameter may be determined first, and the delay time or the acquisition time may be determined according to the variation range of the stimulation parameter of the pulse stimulation signal.
In some alternative embodiments, the pulsed stimulation signal may be output to the stimulation target based on a stimulation frequency; acquiring a potential signal of the target spot based on the sampling frequency; wherein the sampling frequency is an integer multiple of the stimulation frequency, or the stimulation frequency is an integer multiple of the sampling frequency.
In the above alternative embodiment, the stimulation frequency may be set to an integer multiple of the sampling frequency. For example, the stimulation frequency may be set to x acquisition frequency, x being an integer. In the case where x is 1, as shown in fig. 2; in the case where x is 2, this is shown in fig. 4.
In the above alternative embodiment, the sampling frequency may be set to an integer multiple of the stimulation frequency. For example, the acquisition frequency may be set to x stimulation frequency, x being an integer. In the case where x is 1, as shown in fig. 5; in the case where x is 2, this is shown in fig. 6.
In some alternative embodiments, the potential signal of the target point may be collected at least once during the same period of outputting the pulse stimulation signal to the stimulation target point. In the embodiment of the disclosure, during the same period of outputting the pulse stimulation signal to the stimulation target point, the potential signal of the target point can be collected once or more times. For example, the number of acquisition times may be set to 3 as required in each stimulation cycle, as shown in fig. 7.
As shown in fig. 8, the present disclosure provides an implantable neurostimulator, such as a deep brain stimulator, which may perform the electrical potential signal acquisition method of any of the embodiments of the present disclosure. The deep brain stimulator comprises a main controller, a pulse generation module and a signal acquisition module; wherein the master controller is configured to control the operation of the host,
the pulse generation module is used for controlling the pulse generation module to output a pulse stimulation signal to a stimulation target point; after the stimulation pulse of the pulse stimulation signal is finished, carrying out passive charge balance on the stimulation target point;
and the signal acquisition module is used for controlling the signal acquisition module to acquire the potential signal of the target point after the passive charge balance is finished and before the next stimulation pulse is started.
Optionally, the deep brain stimulator further comprises a potential noise cancellation module; the main controller is also used for
After the stimulation pulse of the pulse stimulation signal is finished, controlling the pulse generation module to be connected to the potential noise elimination module; and before the next stimulation pulse starts, controlling the pulse generation module to disconnect the potential noise elimination module.
Optionally, the deep brain stimulator further comprises a stimulation switch array and an acquisition switch array; the pulse generating module is used for generating a pulse signal,
the main controller is used for sending a synchronous signal to the main controller after the stimulation pulse falling edge of the pulse stimulation signal, controlling the stimulation switch array to disconnect the stimulation channel of the pulse generation module by the main controller, and controlling the stimulation switch array to be connected to the stimulation channel of the pulse generation module by the main controller after the potential signal collection is finished; or
The main controller is used for sending a synchronous signal to the main controller before the potential signal is collected, controlling the stimulation switch array to disconnect the stimulation channel of the pulse generation module by the main controller, and controlling the stimulation switch array to access the stimulation channel of the pulse generation module by the main controller after the potential signal is collected; or
The main controller is used for controlling the acquisition switch array to be switched off, and after the stimulation pulse is finished, the main controller is used for controlling the acquisition switch array to be switched in the acquisition channel of the signal acquisition module.
For the deep brain stimulator embodiment, since it basically corresponds to the method embodiment, the relevant points can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiment. The embodiments of the deep brain stimulator described above are merely illustrative, wherein the units illustrated as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
The disclosure also provides a computer device, which includes a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, and when the processor executes the program, the potential signal acquisition method of any embodiment of the disclosure can be implemented.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a more specific hardware structure of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the computer device may include: a processor 1010, a memory 1020, an input/output interface 1030, a communication interface 1040, and a bus 1050. Wherein the processor 1010, memory 1020, input/output interface 1030, and communication interface 1040 are communicatively coupled to each other within the device via bus 1050.
The processor 1010 may be implemented by a general-purpose CPU (Central Processing Unit), a microprocessor, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or one or more Integrated circuits, and is configured to execute related programs to implement the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
The Memory 1020 may be implemented in the form of a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), a static storage device, a dynamic storage device, or the like. The memory 1020 may store an operating system and other application programs, and when the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present specification is implemented by software or firmware, the relevant program codes are stored in the memory 1020 and called to be executed by the processor 1010.
The input/output interface 1030 is used for connecting an input/output module to input and output information. The i/o module may be configured as a component in a device (not shown) or may be external to the device to provide a corresponding function. The input devices may include a keyboard, a mouse, a touch screen, a microphone, various sensors, etc., and the output devices may include a display, a speaker, a vibrator, an indicator light, etc.
The communication interface 1040 is used for connecting a communication module (not shown in the drawings) to implement communication interaction between the present apparatus and other apparatuses. The communication module can realize communication in a wired mode (such as USB, network cable and the like) and also can realize communication in a wireless mode (such as mobile network, WIFI, Bluetooth and the like).
It should be noted that although the above-mentioned device only shows the processor 1010, the memory 1020, the input/output interface 1030, the communication interface 1040 and the bus 1050, in a specific implementation, the device may also include other components necessary for normal operation. In addition, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above-described apparatus may also include only those components necessary to implement the embodiments of the present description, and not necessarily all of the components shown in the figures.
The present disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, which, when executed by a processor, is capable of implementing the potential signal acquisition method of any one of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
The non-transitory computer readable storage medium may be, among others, ROM, Random Access Memory (RAM), CD-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk, optical data storage device, and the like, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
In some optional embodiments, the disclosed embodiments provide a computer program product comprising computer readable code, which when run on a device, a processor in the device executes a method for implementing a potential signal acquisition method as provided in any of the above embodiments. The computer program product may be embodied in hardware, software or a combination thereof.
Other embodiments of the present disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.
The above description is only exemplary of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, so that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. A potential signal acquisition method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
outputting a pulse stimulation signal to a stimulation target point;
after the stimulation pulse of the pulse stimulation signal is finished, carrying out passive charge balance on the stimulation target point;
and after the passive charge balance is finished and before the next stimulation pulse is started, acquiring a potential signal of a target point.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein collecting the potential signal of the target point after the passive charge balance is over and before the next stimulation pulse is started comprises:
and acquiring the potential signal of the target point after the delay time length from the delay starting moment.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the delay start time comprises: a stimulus rising edge time of the pulsed stimulus signal, a stimulus falling edge time of the pulsed stimulus signal, or a charge balance time.
4. The method of claim 2,
determining the delay time length and/or the acquisition time length according to the stimulation parameters of the pulse stimulation signals;
the stimulation parameters include at least one of:
frequency information, amplitude information, pulse width information, contact impedance information of the collecting electrode and/or the stimulating electrode.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the determining the delay period and/or the acquisition period from stimulation parameters of the pulsed stimulation signal comprises:
acquiring the stimulation parameters;
determining a time delay time to be set and/or a collection time according to the stimulation parameters;
and under the condition that the to-be-set delay time and/or the acquisition time are different from the delay time and/or the acquisition time, updating the delay time and/or the acquisition time according to the to-be-set delay time and/or the acquisition time.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the determining the delay period and/or the acquisition period from stimulation parameters of the pulsed stimulation signal comprises:
and determining the delay time length and/or the acquisition time length according to the variation range of the stimulation parameters of the pulse stimulation signals.
7. The method of claim 1,
outputting the pulse stimulation signal to the stimulation target based on a stimulation frequency;
acquiring a potential signal of the target spot based on the sampling frequency; wherein the sampling frequency is an integer multiple of the stimulation frequency, or the stimulation frequency is an integer multiple of the sampling frequency.
8. The method of claim 1,
and acquiring the potential signal of the target point at least once in the same period of outputting the pulse stimulation signal to the stimulation target point.
9. An implantable neural stimulator is characterized by comprising a main controller, a pulse generation module and a signal acquisition module; wherein the master controller is configured to control the operation of the host,
the pulse generation module is used for controlling the pulse generation module to output a pulse stimulation signal to a stimulation target point; after the stimulation pulse of the pulse stimulation signal is finished, carrying out passive charge balance on the stimulation target point;
and the signal acquisition module is used for controlling the signal acquisition module to acquire the potential signal of the target point after the passive charge balance is finished and before the next stimulation pulse is started.
10. The implantable neural stimulator of claim 9, further comprising a potential noise cancellation module; the main controller is also used for
After the stimulation pulse of the pulse stimulation signal is finished, controlling the pulse generation module to be connected to the potential noise elimination module; and before the next stimulation pulse starts, controlling the pulse generation module to disconnect the potential noise elimination module.
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