CN114323134B - A temperature and pressure composite sensor and correction solution method - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于机载传感器领域，涉及一种温压复合传感器及校正解算方法。温压复合探头包括压力敏感元件和温度敏感元件，温压复合探头对所测介质的温度和压力进行探测，解算单元分别对压力敏感元件和温度敏感元件的输出进行解调、温度补偿、非线性校正，得到压力P和温度T，通过输出单元以CAN形式变换输出。该温压复合传感器集温压信号探测、转换、调理、校正解算于一体，实现了更高的集成度。传感器的温度测量部分的校正方法可扩展至更宽温区范围，提高宽温区的测温精度。温压复合传感器的解算过程不需要很密集的温度点及压力点，提高了解调的效率。
The present invention belongs to the field of airborne sensors, and relates to a temperature-pressure composite sensor and a correction and solution method. The temperature-pressure composite probe includes a pressure sensitive element and a temperature sensitive element. The temperature-pressure composite probe detects the temperature and pressure of the measured medium. The solution unit demodulates, temperature compensates, and performs nonlinear correction on the outputs of the pressure sensitive element and the temperature sensitive element, respectively, to obtain the pressure P and the temperature T, and converts the output in the form of CAN through the output unit. The temperature-pressure composite sensor integrates temperature and pressure signal detection, conversion, conditioning, correction and solution, achieving a higher degree of integration. The correction method of the temperature measurement part of the sensor can be extended to a wider temperature range, thereby improving the temperature measurement accuracy in a wide temperature range. The solution process of the temperature-pressure composite sensor does not require very dense temperature points and pressure points, thereby improving the efficiency of demodulation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of airborne sensors, and relates to a temperature and pressure compound sensor and a correction and calculation method.
Background
In the field of aircraft environmental control systems and the like, it is often necessary to measure temperature and pressure signals simultaneously. The existing temperature-pressure composite sensor mostly adopts the mode that pressure and temperature signals are converted into measurable analog electric signals to realize temperature and pressure measurement.
As in the utility model with publication number CN 214251100U, a temperature and pressure integrated sensor is disclosed. The base of the sensor is provided with a thermal probe and a pressure core body, the temperature is detected through the thermal probe, and the pressure is detected through converting the pressure core body into a voltage signal through a conversion circuit. The temperature and pressure compound sensor in the form needs to be calculated through a lookup table for a back-end control system, so that the difficulty of the back-end system is increased, and the flexible interaction of upper and lower systems is not facilitated.
As another example, the temperature and pressure integrated transmitter disclosed in the utility model with the publication number of CN 210242865U adopts a method that the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor contained in the transmitter are amplified by a pressure amplifying circuit and a temperature amplifying circuit respectively to realize the measurement of pressure and temperature. When the temperature and pressure composite sensor in the form has (-55-125) DEG C temperature zone measurement, the linearity is poor, and the accuracy below 1% is difficult to achieve.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a temperature and pressure compound sensor which improves linearity in wide temperature area measurement, reduces errors and increases flexibility in interaction with a back-end system.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
The temperature-pressure composite sensor comprises a resolving unit, a temperature-pressure composite probe and an output unit, wherein the temperature-pressure composite probe comprises a pressure sensitive element and a temperature sensitive element, the temperature-pressure composite probe detects the temperature and the pressure of a measured medium, the resolving unit respectively demodulates the output of the pressure sensitive element and the temperature sensitive element, compensates the temperature and carries out nonlinear correction to obtain the pressure P and the temperature T, and the pressure P and the temperature T are converted and output in a CAN (controller area network) mode through the output unit.
The resolving unit mainly comprises a temperature pre-adjusting module, a pressure pre-adjusting module, a correction resolving module and the like. The temperature pre-conditioning module is used for mainly amplifying the temperature conversion signal, so that the output voltage corresponding to the lower temperature limit and the upper temperature limit of the temperature conversion signal meets the preset requirement.
The pressure preconditioning module is used for mainly amplifying the pressure conversion signal to enable the full-scale output voltage to meet the preset value, and adjusting the zero voltage to enable the zero voltage to meet the preset value.
And the correction and calculation module carries out temperature calculation according to the preprocessed temperature and voltage signals, and simultaneously collects, compensates, non-linearly corrects and calculates the preprocessed pressure and voltage signals.
The temperature calculation in the calculation unit is carried out by calibrating the relation between the temperature and the voltage in advance, and the temperature correction and the nonlinear correction related to the pressure calculation are respectively carried out by calibrating the relation between the pressure and the characterization voltage and the relation between the pressure and the temperature.
The temperature-pressure composite probe mainly comprises a temperature sensitive element, a pressure sensitive element and a packaging shell. The temperature sensitive element is used to convert the temperature of the measured medium into a measurable resistance signal.
The pressure sensitive element converts the measured pressure of the medium into a voltage signal under electrical excitation.
The packaging shell provides a transmission channel for the measured temperature and pressure signals and protects the internal temperature sensitive element and the pressure sensitive element.
And the output unit sends out the calculated temperature and voltage information in the form of a CAN bus.
A correction and calculation method of a temperature and pressure compound sensor comprises the following steps:
(1) A voltage U t1 is obtained at the reference temperature T 1 that characterizes the temperature signal, and at this temperature a voltage U p1,t1 that characterizes the first pressure point P1, a voltage U p2,t1 that characterizes the second pressure point P2, a voltage U p3,t1 that characterizes the third pressure point P3, and a voltage U fso,t1 that characterizes the full range pressure.
(2) A voltage U t2 is obtained at the second temperature point T 2 that characterizes the temperature signal, and at this temperature a voltage U p1,t2 that characterizes the first pressure point, a voltage U p3,t2 that characterizes the third pressure point, and a voltage U fso,t2 that characterizes the full scale pressure.
(3) A voltage U t3 is obtained at a third temperature point T 3 that characterizes the temperature signal, and at this temperature a voltage U p1,t3 that characterizes the first pressure point, a voltage U p3,t3 that characterizes the third pressure point, and a voltage U fso,t3 that characterizes the full scale pressure.
(4) A voltage U t4 characterizing the temperature signal at a fourth temperature point T 4 is obtained.
(5) Obtaining the relation between the temperature T and the characterization voltage U t according to the parameters measured in the steps:
T=f(Ut)
wherein the method comprises the steps of ,T∈{T1,T2,T3,T4};Ut∈{Ut1,Ut2,Ut3,Ut4}.
(6) Obtaining the relation of the first pressure P1 representing voltage U p1,t along with the change of the temperature T according to the parameters measured in the steps:
Up1,t＝fp1(T)
wherein U p1,t∈{Up1,t1,Up1,t2,Up1,t3};T∈{T1,T2,T3.
(7) Obtaining the relation of the full-scale representation voltage U fso along with the change of the temperature T according to the parameters measured in the steps:
Ufso,t＝ffso(T)
Wherein, U fso,t∈{(Up3,t1-Up1,t1),(Up3,t2-Up1,t2),(Up3,t3-Up1,t3);
T∈{T1,T2,T3}。
(8) Establishing a temperature compensation model:
Vi=mt*Up,t+nt
Where Vi is the ideal voltage value of the pressure after temperature compensation, U p,t is the voltage value of the pressure characterization, m t is the first order coefficient of the temperature compensation model, n t is the ideal voltage value when U p,t is 0, and m t、nt are all related to temperature.
(9) A nonlinear correction model is built, p=f (V i).
Wherein P is { P1, P1, P3}
V i∈{V1,V2,V3},V1,V2,V3 are temperature compensated voltage values of the pressures P1, P3, respectively.
(10) The temperature T and the pressure P with smaller errors are obtained through the model calculation, and are output through an output unit.
The temperature-pressure composite sensor has the advantages that the temperature compensation and nonlinear correction functions are realized, the output precision of the sensor CAN be further improved, the precision CAN be improved to 0.5% when the temperature zone (-55-125) DEG C is measured, the output of the sensor adopts the CAN bus mode, a plurality of sensors CAN be simultaneously mounted, the complex wiring problem of the traditional plurality of analog output sensors and the mutual interference problem among wiring harnesses are avoided, and the reliability and the flexibility of interaction with a system are improved.
The temperature and pressure compound sensor integrates temperature and pressure signal detection, conversion, conditioning, correction and resolving, and achieves higher integration level. The correction method of the temperature measuring part of the sensor can be expanded to a wider temperature area range, and the temperature measuring precision of the wide temperature area is improved. The resolving process of the temperature and pressure compound sensor does not need dense temperature points and pressure points, and the demodulation efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the composition of a temperature and pressure composite sensor according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a temperature and pressure compound sensor and a correction resolving method, which are characterized in that the temperature and nonlinear correction function is added on the basis of the traditional demodulation mode, and then the corrected temperature and pressure are output through a CAN bus.
The temperature and pressure sensor comprises an calculating unit, a temperature and pressure compound probe and an output unit. The temperature and pressure probe is used for converting measured medium temperature and pressure signals into resistance signals R T、RP. The resolving unit conditions and amplifies the R T、RP into a voltage signal U R related to temperature and a first voltage signal U1 related to pressure. Further, the voltage signal is collected, temperature compensation and nonlinear correction are carried out according to a correction formula obtained through calibration in advance, and then the voltage signal is sent to an output unit to output pressure and temperature signals in a CAN format.
The resolving unit mainly comprises a temperature pre-adjusting module, a pressure pre-adjusting module, a correction resolving module and the like.
The temperature pre-conditioning module applies excitation to the temperature resistance signal to convert and amplify the temperature resistance signal with a preset gain to obtain a temperature voltage signal U R.
The pressure preconditioning module applies excitation to the pressure resistance signal to convert the pressure resistance signal into a voltage signal, and amplifies the voltage signal to obtain a pressure characterization voltage value U P.
The correction calculation module carries out temperature calculation according to a relational expression of the temperature and the voltage U R which are obtained through pre-calibration.
The correction calculation module obtains a full-range temperature compensation ideal voltage value V fso according to a pre-calibrated temperature and full-range voltage relational expression, obtains a zero-position temperature compensation ideal voltage value V off according to a pre-calibrated temperature and zero-position voltage relational expression, and carries out nonlinear compensation according to the relation among the pressure at the reference temperature, the full-range voltage U fso,t1, the zero-position voltage U p1,t1 and the voltage U p2,t1 at the intermediate pressure.
Wherein the correction calculation steps are as follows:
(1) The temperature points needed by temperature signal correction and pressure signal correction are determined, and are usually selected according to the temperature points needed by the compensation model in the working temperature range of the sensor, and the more the temperature points are generally selected, the more accurate the temperature compensation model is, but the more complicated the calculation process is. In this embodiment, four temperature points T 1、T2、T3、T4 are selected. Where T 1～T3 is used for pressure signal correction and T 1～T4 is used for temperature signal correction. For ease of operation, T 1 is selected to be at room temperature of 20 ℃, T2 is selected to be at the lower end of the operating temperature range of-55 ℃, T3 is selected to be at the lower end of the operating temperature range of 125 ℃, and T4 is selected to be at 70 ℃.
(2) The number of pressure points required by pressure correction is determined, wherein the selection of the pressure points for temperature compensation is required to compensate zero point and sensitivity, namely 2 pressure points, and in order to improve the accuracy of nonlinear correction, three pressure points P 1,P2,P3 are selected in the embodiment, wherein P1 is the middle point pressure 1MPa of the measured pressure range, and P 2 is the zero point pressure 0MPa. P 3 is the full-point pressure of 2MPa.
(3) The amplified voltage U t1 of the temperature sensor was measured at 20 ℃, and the amplified output voltage U p1,t1、Up2,t1、Up3,t1 of the pressure sensor was measured at P 1、P2、P3, respectively. And calculates the full scale voltage U fso,t1 at 20 ℃.
(4) The amplified voltage U t2 of the temperature sensing element is measured at-55 ℃, the amplified voltage U p1,t2 of the pressure sensing element at P1 pressure is measured respectively, the amplified voltage U p3,t2. at P3 pressure is measured, and the full scale voltage U fso,t2 at-55 ℃ is calculated.
(5) The amplified voltage U t3 of the temperature sensing element is measured at 125 ℃, the amplified voltage U p1,t3 of the pressure sensing element at P1 pressure is measured, the amplified voltage U p3,t3. at P3 pressure is measured, and the full scale voltage U fso,t3 at 125 ℃ is calculated.
(6) The amplified voltage U t4 of the temperature sensitive element was measured at 70 ℃.
(7) The relationship between the temperature T and the characterization voltage U t calculated from the values of U t1、Ut2、Ut3、Ut4 measured above:
T=k3*Ut 3+k2*Ut 2+k1*Ut+t0
Where k 3 is a nonlinear third-order coefficient, k 2 is a nonlinear second-order coefficient, k 1 is a nonlinear first-order coefficient, and t 0 is the temperature represented by U t at 0V.
(8) And calculating the relation of the zero point pressure representation voltage U p1 along with the change of the temperature T according to the measured value:
Up1,t＝f2*T2+f1*T+up1,0
Wherein f 2 is a second-order temperature coefficient, f 1 is a first-order temperature coefficient, and u p1,0 is a zero-point representation voltage at 0 ℃.
(9) And calculating the relation of the full-scale pressure characterization voltage U fso along with the change of the temperature T according to the measured value:
Ufso,t＝y2*T2+y1*T+ufso,0
Where y 2 is the second order temperature coefficient, y 1 is the first order temperature coefficient, and u fso,0 is the full scale representation voltage at 0 ℃.
(10) According to a temperature compensation model established in advance, vi=m t*Up,t+nt
(11) Combining formulas (8) and (9) and substituting V off,Vfso into (10) to calculate m t,nt;
(12) Based on U p1,t1、Up2,t1、Up3,t1 in (10) and (3), calculating a nonlinear correction coefficient alpha 1、α2 of the pressure to obtain a nonlinear correction relation:
P=α2*Vi 2+α1*Vi+v0
Where α 2 is a second order nonlinear correction coefficient, α 1 is a nonlinear correction coefficient, and v 0 is the pressure at which the ideal voltage is 0.
(13) And (3) calculating a temperature and pressure signal according to the calculation relational expressions (7) and (12).
Claims (8)
1. The temperature-pressure composite sensor is characterized by comprising a resolving unit, a temperature-pressure composite probe and an output unit, wherein the temperature-pressure composite probe comprises a pressure sensitive element and a temperature sensitive element, the temperature-pressure composite probe detects the temperature and the pressure of a measured medium, the resolving unit respectively demodulates, compensates and non-linearly corrects the output of the pressure sensitive element and the temperature sensitive element to obtain pressure P and temperature T, and the pressure P and the temperature T are converted and output in a CAN (controller area network) form through the output unit, and the correcting and resolving method comprises the following steps:
(1) Obtaining a voltage U t1 representing a temperature signal at a reference temperature T 1, and a voltage U p1,t1 representing a first pressure point P1, a voltage U p2,t1 representing a second pressure point P2, a voltage U p3,t1 representing a third pressure point P3 and a voltage U fso,t1 representing full range pressure at the reference temperature;
(2) Obtaining a voltage U t2 representing a temperature signal at a second temperature point T 2, a voltage U p1,t2 representing a first pressure point, a voltage U p3,t2 representing a third pressure point and a voltage U fso,t2 representing full range pressure at the temperature;
(3) Obtaining a voltage U t3 representing a temperature signal at a third temperature point T 3, a voltage U p1,t3 representing a first pressure point at the temperature, a voltage U p3,t3 representing the third pressure point and a voltage U fso,t3 representing full scale pressure;
(4) Obtaining a voltage U t4 of the characterization temperature signal at a fourth temperature point T 4;
(5) Obtaining the relation between the temperature T and the characterization voltage U t according to the parameters measured in the steps:
T=f(Ut)
Wherein the method comprises the steps of ,T∈{T1,T2,T3,T4};Ut∈{Ut1,Ut2,Ut3,Ut4};
T=k3*Ut 3+k2*Ut 2+k1*Ut+t0
Wherein k 3 is a nonlinear third-order coefficient, k 2 is a nonlinear second-order coefficient, k 1 is a nonlinear first-order coefficient, and t 0 is a temperature represented by U t at 0V;
(6) Obtaining the relation of the first pressure P1 representing voltage U p1,t along with the change of the temperature T according to the parameters measured in the steps:
Up1,t＝fp1(T)
Wherein U p1,t∈{Up1,t1,Up1,t2,Up1,t3};T∈{T1,T2,T3;
Up1,t＝f2*T2+f1*T+up1,0
Wherein f 2 is a second-order temperature coefficient, f 1 is a first-order temperature coefficient, and u p1,0 is a zero characterization voltage at 0 ℃;
(7) Obtaining the relation of the full-scale representation voltage U fso along with the change of the temperature T according to the parameters measured in the steps:
Ufso,t＝ffso(T)
Wherein, U fso,t∈{(Up3,t1-Up1,t1),(Up3,t2-Up1,t2),(Up3,t3-Up1,t3);
T∈{T1,T2,T3};
Ufso,t＝y2*T2+y1*T+ufso,0
Wherein y 2 is a second-order temperature coefficient, y 1 is a first-order temperature coefficient, and u fso,0 is a full-scale representation voltage at 0 ℃;
(8) Establishing a temperature compensation model:
Vi=mt*Up,t+nt
Wherein Vi is an ideal pressure voltage value after temperature compensation, U p,t is a pressure representation voltage value, m t is a first-order coefficient of a temperature compensation model, n t is an ideal voltage value when U p,t is 0, and m t、nt are all related to temperature;
(9) Establishing a nonlinear correction model, wherein P=f (V i);
wherein P is { P1, P1, P3}
V i∈{V1,V2,V3},V1,V2,V3 is the temperature compensation voltage value of the pressures P1, P1 and P3 respectively;
P=α2*Vi 2+α1*Vi+v0
Wherein, alpha 2 is a second-order nonlinear correction coefficient, alpha 1 is a nonlinear correction coefficient, and v 0 is the pressure when the ideal voltage is 0;
(10) The temperature T and the pressure P with smaller errors are obtained through the model calculation, and are output through an output unit.
2. The temperature and pressure composite sensor according to claim 1, wherein the resolving unit mainly comprises a temperature pre-conditioning module, a pressure pre-conditioning module and a correction resolving module, and the temperature pre-conditioning module mainly amplifies temperature conversion signals to enable output voltages corresponding to a lower temperature limit and an upper temperature limit of the temperature conversion signals to meet preset requirements.
3. The temperature and pressure composite sensor according to claim 1, wherein the pressure preconditioning module amplifies the pressure conversion signal to make the full-scale output voltage meet a preset value, and adjusts the zero voltage to make the zero voltage meet the preset value.
4. The temperature and pressure composite sensor according to claim 1, wherein the correction and calculation module performs temperature calculation according to the preprocessed temperature and voltage signals, and performs acquisition, temperature compensation, nonlinear correction and calculation on the preprocessed pressure and voltage signals.
5. The temperature-pressure composite sensor according to claim 1, wherein the temperature calculation in the calculation unit is performed by calibrating the relationship between the temperature and the voltage in advance, and the temperature correction and the nonlinear correction involved in the pressure calculation are performed by calibrating the relationship between the pressure and the temperature and the relationship between the pressure and the characterization voltage, respectively.
6. The temperature and pressure composite sensor according to claim 1, wherein the temperature and pressure composite probe is mainly composed of a temperature sensitive element, a pressure sensitive element and a packaging shell, and the temperature sensitive element is used for converting the temperature of a measured medium into a measurable resistance signal.
7. A temperature and pressure composite sensor according to claim 1, wherein the pressure sensitive element converts the measured pressure of the medium into a voltage signal under electrical excitation.
8. The temperature and pressure composite sensor according to claim 1, wherein the output unit sends out the calculated temperature and voltage information in the form of a CAN bus.
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| CN101858811A (en) * | 2010-06-18 | 2010-10-13 | 西安交通大学 | Signal Compensation Method of High Accuracy Pressure Sensor |
| CN109425461A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2019-03-05 | 上海融德机电工程设备有限公司 | Intelligent pressure transmitter and its temperature-compensation method |
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| CN100533087C (en) * | 2006-12-14 | 2009-08-26 | 昆山双桥传感器测控技术有限公司 | Error Compensation Method of High Precision Pressure Sensor |
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| CN101858811A (en) * | 2010-06-18 | 2010-10-13 | 西安交通大学 | Signal Compensation Method of High Accuracy Pressure Sensor |
| CN109425461A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2019-03-05 | 上海融德机电工程设备有限公司 | Intelligent pressure transmitter and its temperature-compensation method |
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