CN114352269B - Dividing method for Tian Rechu layer positions of high-temperature geothermal heat - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008398 formation water Substances 0.000 description 2
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
- E21B47/07—Temperature
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
- F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
- F24T10/20—Geothermal collectors using underground water as working fluid; using working fluid injected directly into the ground, e.g. using injection wells and recovery wells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
本发明属于地热资源勘查领域，具体公开了一种高温地热田热储层位置的划分方法，包括：步骤1、获取钻井过程中的钻时数据；步骤2、钻孔完成后注入冷水；步骤3、井内温度测量；步骤4、制作钻时曲线与井温曲线图；步骤5、热储层位置的划分。本发明方法所需资料较少、划分精度高、适用性强，在缺乏必要岩心及常规测井资料条件下，能够对高温热储层所在位置深度进行准确判断。
The invention belongs to the field of geothermal resource exploration, and specifically discloses a method for dividing the location of thermal reservoirs in high-temperature geothermal fields, including: step 1, acquiring drilling time data during the drilling process; step 2, injecting cold water after the drilling is completed; step 3 1. Temperature measurement in the well; step 4, making drilling time curve and well temperature curve; step 5, dividing the location of the thermal reservoir. The method of the invention requires less data, has high division precision and strong applicability, and can accurately judge the depth of the position of the high-temperature thermal reservoir under the condition of lacking necessary core and conventional well logging data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of geothermal resource exploration, and particularly relates to a dividing method of a Tian Rechu layer position of high-temperature geothermal energy.
Background
Energy is an important material basis for survival and development of human society. With the development of socioeconomic performance, the shortage of energy sources and environmental pollution have become serious problems facing all human beings together. Geothermal energy is considered the most potential energy source in the 21 st century as a clean, renewable energy source. In the geothermal resource exploration and development process, how to quickly and accurately identify and divide the position of a thermal reservoir is a very important task.
In the prior art, thermal reservoir classification is mainly performed through comprehensive data such as drilling (core data), geophysical exploration (electrical characteristics), geophysical logging (resistivity, acoustic time difference, well temperature and the like). Partitioning thermal reservoirs typically requires accurate lithology and logging data, e.g., seismic exploration, lithology, logging, and water chemistry data are used in partitioning thermal reservoirs; for relatively low levels of investigation and involving high temperature fields, these data are difficult to obtain unless significant engineering costs are incurred. The accuracy of dividing the thermal storage is often in units of tens of meters and hundreds of meters, and is relatively poor, for example, the first thermal storage layer is divided into 300-500m.
In summary, the following problems are mainly involved in the partitioning of thermal reservoirs: (1) The method is mainly used for dividing lamellar medium-temperature thermal storage of a sedimentary rock area, and relevant reports on high-temperature banded thermal storage of fracture control are not found; (2) The accuracy of the division of the thermal storage layer position is not high because of the division of the thermal storage which is used for middle and low Wen Cengzhuang; (3) The required data are more, and the data are difficult to obtain or have higher cost in the process of surveying the high-temperature geothermal field.
Therefore, development of a method for dividing a thermal storage zone suitable for a high temperature geothermal field is desired.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for dividing the position of a high-temperature geothermal Tian Rechu layer, which has the advantages of less required data, high dividing precision and strong applicability, and can accurately judge the depth of the position of a high-temperature thermal reservoir under the condition of lacking necessary core and conventional logging data.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention comprises the following steps:
a method of partitioning a layer of high temperature geothermal Tian Rechu, the method comprising the steps of:
step 1, acquiring drilling time data in the drilling process;
step 2, injecting cold water after drilling is completed;
step 3, measuring the temperature in the well;
step 4, manufacturing a drilling curve and a well temperature curve graph;
and 5, dividing the thermal reservoir positions.
The step 1 specifically comprises the following steps: and collecting drilling time data in the drilling process, wherein the drilling time data is taken as a unit of meters, and recording the time required for drilling per meter.
The step 2 specifically comprises the following steps: after geological drilling is completed, a large amount of cold water is injected into the well through the high-pressure manifold, and the high-temperature stratum in the well is cooled.
The temperature of the cold water injected in the step 2 is far lower than the water temperature of the drilling fluid or the stratum water burst section in the drilling hole.
The step 3 specifically comprises the following steps: repeatedly measuring the well temperature in the well at intervals of a certain time; after the cold water injection is completed, the temperature measurement in the well is performed as soon as possible.
The temperature measuring instrument used for temperature measurement in the step 3 has continuous temperature measuring capability, and at least 5 temperature points are recorded per meter; the descending or lifting speed of the thermometer is not more than 12m/min.
In the step 3, temperature measurement is carried out every 2 hours after cold water is injected, and the temperature measurement is carried out until 24 hours.
The step 4 specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) manufacturing a drilling curve and a temperature measuring curve according to the drilling data obtained in the step (1) and the temperature measuring data obtained in the step (3).
The step 5 specifically comprises the following steps: and comprehensively dividing the position and the characteristic of the thermal reservoir by analyzing a temperature measurement curve of the well temperature changing along with time and a drilling curve of the well depth changing along with drilling, and determining the position of the thermal reservoir.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the method for dividing the position of the high-temperature geothermal Tian Rechu layer provided by the invention has the advantages that less data are needed, only the data of multiple temperature measurement and the data of drilling are needed, and the cost of related data needed to be obtained for dividing a thermal reservoir is greatly saved.
2. The method for dividing the high-temperature geothermal Tian Rechu layer position improves the accuracy of dividing the thermal reservoir layer, the dividing of the thermal reservoir layer position is performed in meters, the dividing accuracy is higher, and the judging of the thermal reservoir layer position is more accurate.
3. The dividing method for the high-temperature geothermal Tian Rechu layer position provided by the invention has stronger applicability, and is mainly aimed at dividing a fracture-controlled bedrock fracture-type high-temperature thermal reservoir, but is also suitable for lamellar medium-temperature thermal storage in sedimentary rocks under certain conditions.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a graph of a temperature measurement curve and a drilling time curve after cold water is injected for 2 hours in the dividing method of a high-temperature geothermal Tian Rechu layer position, wherein the horizontal axis is depth, the vertical axis is a data value, and the temperature value (degrees celsius) is represented when the temperature curve is corresponding; the corresponding time-of-drilling curve represents the time-of-drilling (minutes/meter).
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
The invention provides a dividing method of high-temperature geothermal Tian Rechu layer positions, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, acquiring drilling time data in the drilling process
In the process of drilling, the drilling time data in the drilling process needs to be acquired. The main purpose of acquiring the as-drilled data is to interpret the location of the fracture zone.
The borehole type may be a survey well, a production well, or a production well. Regardless of the borehole, whether or not cored, it is necessary to obtain the as-drilled data. Particularly for fracture control. Whether the bedrock is granite or volcanic, the bedrock lithology component is relatively stable. In the absence of core data and logging data, the magnitude of rock hardness may be reflected during drilling. Whereas in a stable uniform bedrock, a relatively soft rock formation is typically the location of an altered or fractured zone. Based on this, the approximate position of the alteration band or the fracture band can be determined from the drill time data. The drilling data are recorded in meters and the time required for each meter of drilling is recorded. The data obtained at this time are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 110-140m drilling data table for a certain borehole
| Depth (Rice) | Drilling time (minutes/meter) | Depth (Rice) | Drilling time (minutes/meter) |
| 110.00 | 42.45 | 125.00 | 34.13 |
| 111.00 | 28.07 | 126.00 | 24.89 |
| 112.00 | 22.74 | 127.00 | 56.48 |
| 113.00 | 30.11 | 128.00 | 23.61 |
| 114.00 | 15.17 | 129.00 | 34.30 |
| 115.00 | 20.06 | 130.00 | 23.30 |
| 116.00 | 23.28 | 131.00 | 36.27 |
| 117.00 | 14.55 | 132.00 | 34.66 |
| 118.00 | 6.01 | 133.00 | 22.78 |
| 119.00 | 6.34 | 134.00 | 35.80 |
| 120.00 | 18.02 | 135.00 | 13.54 |
| 121.00 | 38.09 | 136.00 | 18.66 |
| 122.00 | 53.24 | 137.00 | 42.16 |
| 123.00 | 47.64 | 138.00 | 43.00 |
| 124.00 | 45.66 | 139.00 | 24.15 |
Step 2, injecting cold water after drilling is completed
After drilling is completed (or completed in stages), cold water is injected. The main purpose is to make cold water get into the thermal reservoir, cool the thermal reservoir, and then conveniently find out abnormal temperature during subsequent temperature measurement. The temperature of the injected cold water is much lower than the water temperature of the drilling fluid (or formation water burst) in the borehole. The larger the temperature difference between the temperature of the injected cold water and the temperature of the thermal reservoir is, the more obvious the effect on cooling the thermal reservoir is, and the better the accuracy is in the subsequent temperature measurement. The temperature of the cold water injected in this test was 10 ℃. The amount of injected cold water is determined based on the formation water inflow. The water inflow is small, which means that the water content of the thermal reservoir is small, and the injection of cold water can be properly reduced. The large water inflow indicates that the hot reservoir has large water content, and the injection of cold water should be properly increased. When the water inflow is large, if the injected cold water is less, the cooling purpose of the stratum can not be achieved, the subsequent temperature measurement effect can be poor, and the thermal reservoir partition can fail. The method suggests that the amount of cold water injected is the water inflow per hour during drilling. The cold water injected in the test is about 300 tons which is equivalent to the water inflow per hour in the drilling process.
Step 3, in-well temperature measurement
The recovery temperature in the well should be measured after 24 hours or 72 hours as required by geothermal resource survey specifications. Since the temperature in the well gradually tends to be uniform after long recovery, the measurement of the static recovery temperature in the well is not significant for accurate division of the thermal reservoir. According to the technical principle of the method, the temperature of the well in the well drilling is repeatedly measured for a plurality of times at certain intervals; temperature measurement as soon as possible after cold water injection is critical for dividing thermal reservoirs. In order to ensure the precision of temperature measurement and subsequent thermal reservoir division, the temperature measurement instrument has continuous temperature measurement capability, and at least 5 temperature points are recorded per meter. The speed of lowering or lifting the thermometer cannot be too high and cannot exceed 12m/min. The temperature measurement time interval cannot be measured after stopping drilling for 24 hours according to the geothermal exploration standard. The test was performed at intervals of 2 hours after the injection of cold water, respectively, until 24 hours. The temperature measurement every 2 hours after cold water injection is used for judging the approximate position of the thermal reservoir; the temperature measurement was again performed after 24 hours in order to determine the approximate temperature of the thermal reservoir.
Step 4, making a drilling curve and a well temperature curve graph
And (3) manufacturing a drilling curve and a temperature measuring curve according to the drilling data obtained in the step (1) and the temperature measuring data obtained in the step (3). After the test is finished, the obtained drilling data and the temperature measurement data of two hours after cold water injection are made into a curve, and the curve is shown in figure 1.
Step 5, partitioning of thermal reservoir locations
From FIG. 1, we can find that between 111m-120m depth, the drill down falls below 30 minutes/meter; at a depth of 118m, only 6 minutes/m was drilled, which indicates that this section of rock is relatively soft. There are two possibilities: one is that the rock is altered, resulting in a softer rock; the other is positioned in a fracture breaking belt, so that the rock is broken. The temperature of the section is relatively high, and the temperature of the main body is not reduced by more than 70 ℃ in combination with the temperature measurement data of two hours after cold water injection. This indicates that after injection of cold water, not much cold water enters the formation. Thus, it can be inferred that this section is less likely to be caused by rock alteration. The well depth is 125m-136m, the drilling time is high and low, and the well is lowered to below 30 minutes/meter for a plurality of times, so that the rock hardness of the section is alternately changed. This corresponds to the characteristics of a broken belt. In combination with the temperature measurement curve of two hours after cold water injection, obvious temperature drop occurs between 125m and 136m of well depth, which indicates that a large amount of cold water enters the stratum along cracks in the rock in the process of cold water injection, so that the temperature drop trend occurs in the temperature increase curve which is supposed to be normal. Thus, in accordance with the principles of the present invention and the above-described curved features, it is presumed that thermal reservoirs exist between 125m and 136m well depth. And judging that the heat storage temperature of the heat storage layer is about 174 ℃ according to the temperature measurement result after cold water is injected for 24 hours.
The technical principle of the invention is as follows: in fracture-controlled high Wen Liexi heat reservoirs, the heat reservoir is typically located in the fracture zone, where the heat reservoir is located as a water gush and also as a water permeable layer. During drilling, after a large amount of cold water is pressed in through the high-pressure manifold, the cold water can move along the thermal reservoir (permeable layer), so that the temperature of the thermal reservoir position is rapidly reduced. After that, the temperature measurement in the well is rapidly carried out, and obvious abnormality of the temperature in the well can be found: abnormal warming tendencies and local temperature decreases. And by combining the drilling data, the position of the thermal reservoir can be accurately judged.
The method has the advantages of relatively simple operation flow, less required data, capability of rapidly and intuitively judging the depth position of the high-temperature geothermal Tian Rechu horizon under fracture control, necessary data support for decision making and subsequent geothermal production in the geothermal exploration process, and wider application value.
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings and the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. The invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described.
Claims (3)
1. A method for partitioning a layer of high temperature geothermal Tian Rechu, the method comprising the steps of:
step 1, acquiring drilling time data in the drilling process;
step 2, injecting cold water after drilling is completed;
step 3, measuring the temperature in the well;
step 4, manufacturing a drilling curve and a well temperature curve graph;
step 5, dividing the thermal reservoir position;
the step 2 specifically comprises the following steps: after geological drilling is completed, a large amount of cold water is injected into the well through a high-pressure manifold, and the high-temperature stratum in the well is cooled;
the temperature of the cold water injected in the step 2 is far lower than the water temperature of drilling fluid or stratum water burst section in the drilling hole;
the step 3 specifically comprises the following steps: repeatedly measuring the well temperature in the well at intervals of a certain time; after the cold water injection is completed, the temperature in the well is measured as soon as possible;
the temperature measuring instrument used for temperature measurement in the step 3 has continuous temperature measuring capability, and at least 5 temperature points are recorded per meter; the descending or lifting speed of the thermometer is not more than 12m/min;
in the step 3, temperature measurement is carried out every 2 hours after cold water is injected until 24 hours;
the step 5 specifically comprises the following steps: and comprehensively dividing the position and the characteristic of the thermal reservoir by analyzing a temperature measurement curve of the well temperature changing along with time and a drilling curve of the well depth changing along with drilling, and determining the position of the thermal reservoir.
2. The method for partitioning a layer of high temperature geothermal heat Tian Rechu according to claim 1, wherein step 1 specifically comprises: and collecting drilling time data in the drilling process, wherein the drilling time data is taken as a unit of meters, and recording the time required for drilling per meter.
3. The method for partitioning a layer of high temperature geothermal heat Tian Rechu according to claim 1, wherein the step 4 specifically comprises: and (3) manufacturing a drilling curve and a temperature measuring curve according to the drilling data obtained in the step (1) and the temperature measuring data obtained in the step (3).
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| CN105863568A (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2016-08-17 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method for exploring dry-hot-rock geotherm through underground heat siphon self-circulation |
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