CN114428001B - Method for simulating different-grade hypertonic strip core of reservoir through 3D printing - Google Patents
Method for simulating different-grade hypertonic strip core of reservoir through 3D printing Download PDFInfo
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- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for simulating stratum core CT (computed tomography) graphic data of stratum cores of different levels of a reservoir through 3D printing, which comprises the steps of (1) obtaining stratum core CT graphic data of different levels of the reservoir, and extracting images of subsurface layers of different levels from the stratum core CT graphic data of different levels of the reservoir along a seepage direction; (2) Sequentially processing the representative layer images of different levels to obtain digital images of pore structure forms and distribution of the extreme water washing zone, the strong water flooding zone and the weak water flooding zone; (3) Acquiring internal structures in digital images of pore structure forms and distribution of different levels; (4) Aiming at internal structures in digital images of pore structure morphology and distribution of different levels, generating digital models which are the same as the stratum core pore structure of the reservoir and can be identified by a 3D printer of different levels; (5) And sequentially performing 3D printing on the continuous different-level digital models to obtain the artificial core with the same pore structure and wettability as those of the stratum core of the reservoir.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of petroleum exploitation, in particular to a method for simulating different-grade hypertonic strip cores of a reservoir through 3D printing.
Background
In the deep oil and gas resource development process, the research on the resource exploitation efficiency and crude oil displacement mechanism of different levels of hypertonic tapes in an oil reservoir layer, the selection of an dominant flow path and other problems all need to develop multiphase flow displacement experiments of cores of the different levels of hypertonic tapes. And for the natural rock sample of the reservoir, the defects of high sampling cost, large sample discrete, low recycling rate and the like exist.
The artificial core adopted in the core seepage experiment at present is mostly manufactured by adopting an epoxy resin cementing technology and a phosphate or silicate high-temperature sintering technology. However, the particle sizes of the rock particles of the artificial rock core prepared by the method are different, and the particle sizes are difficult to be consistent with the actual rock core pore structure obtained by CT scanning identification.
Because the actual stratum drills the core and only can acquire local pore structure characteristics of the stratum through CT scanning, the actual reservoir space is distributed in a staggered mode, and water drive bands of different levels are dispersed in a plane and longitudinally staggered, and mutually interfere and influence each other. The existing artificial rock core can not mutually communicate and combine different levels of hypertonic tapes, and is difficult to study the fluid migration rule.
Actual reservoir wetability varies, with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic components, resulting in development facing mixed-wettability formations. In laboratory research, besides ensuring that the model can reflect the distribution characteristics of the actual reservoir stratum hypertonic strips of different grades, the wettability of the model also needs to be ensured to reflect the real characteristics of the actual stratum. However, the above conventional manufacturing technique is difficult to realize rapid manufacturing of the hybrid wettability model, which brings great difficulty to laboratory experiments and researches. The existing artificial rock core is low in visualization degree, poor in repeated manufacturability and low in yield, and finally poor in contrast of multiphase flow displacement experiments of the high-permeability strip rock cores of different levels of reservoirs.
Therefore, how to manufacture the true pore structures of the high-permeability strip cores of different stages of the reservoir is realized, the produced cores are ensured to be consistent with the pore structures of the cores identified by CT scanning, and the transparent visualization is beneficial to experimental observation. In addition, how to realize combining together and mutually communicating different levels of water drive belts to scientifically and accurately master the displacement rule of different levels of high-permeability strips of a reservoir, and is important to realizing safe and efficient development of oil and gas resources of the reservoir.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention discloses a method for simulating different-grade hypertonic strip cores of a reservoir through 3D printing.
The technical scheme is as follows: the method for simulating the hypertonic strip core of different grades of the reservoir through 3D printing comprises the following steps:
(1) Scanning stratum cores of a reservoir based on high-precision Micro-CT instrument scanning identification to obtain stratum core CT graphic data of different levels of the reservoir, and extracting images of subsurface layers of different levels from the stratum core CT graphic data of different levels of the reservoir along a seepage direction;
(2) Sequentially processing the representative layer images of different levels obtained in the step (1) to sequentially obtain digital images of pore structure morphology and distribution of the extreme water flooding belt, the strong water flooding belt and the weak water flooding belt;
(3) Automatically identifying and extracting cracks and pores in the digital images of pore structure morphology and distribution obtained in the step (2) sequentially through image processing software to obtain internal structures in the digital images of pore structure morphology and distribution of different levels;
(4) Aiming at the internal structures in the digital images of different levels of pore structure morphology and distribution obtained in the step (3), generating a digital model which is the same as the stratum core pore structure of the reservoir and can be identified by a 3D printer in different levels through a digital image three-dimensional reconstruction mode;
(5) And (3) printing the digital models obtained in the step (4) of different successive steps in sequence to obtain the artificial core with the same pore structure and wettability as those of the stratum core of the reservoir.
Further, in the step (5), the digitized models of different grades are assembled together into the artificial core which contains the different grades and is communicated with each other by the following steps:
manufacturing seepage models with different longitudinal permeabilities and different thickness ratios based on a 3D printing technology;
connectivity between different levels of digitized models enables free flow between adjacent stripes through image processing means.
Further, the control of wettability in step (5) is achieved by:
the selection of 3D printing materials and their combination with each other.
Further, the control of wettability in step (5) is achieved by:
after the artificial core is formed, modification of the pore structure surface is performed by a chemical agent.
Still further, the chemical agent is ethanol or toluene.
Further, the scanning of the stratum core of the reservoir in the step (1) is completed in an unstressed state.
Further, the high-precision Micro-CT apparatus in the step (1) is provided with a high-voltage X-ray system.
Further, the spatial resolution of the high-precision Micro-CT apparatus in the step (1) is 5 μm.
Further, the step (2) includes the steps of:
(21) Sequentially carrying out noise reduction on the image of the substituted surface layer obtained in the step (1);
(22) And (3) performing binarization processing on the image of the subsurface layer processed in the step (21).
Further, the image processing software in the step (3) is ImageJ or Fiji or Avizo.
Further, the internal structure in the digital image of the pore structure morphology and distribution in step (3) includes pores, throats and particle distribution.
Further, the format of the digitized model recognizable by the 3D printer in step (4) is a. Stl format or a. Ant format.
According to the invention, on the microscopic scale, the pore structure of the model printed in 3D (three-dimensional) can be ensured to be the same as the pore structure of the hypertonic strips of different grades of the real reservoir identified by Micro-CT scanning (because the pore structure obtained by scanning and processing the real core taken on site is the same as the pore structure obtained by 3D printing according to the scanning); the water flooding extreme water washing band, the strong water flooding band and the weak water flooding band ('three bands') of the reservoir are combined into the same model by utilizing image processing software, and the different-level hypertonic bands are distributed in a staggered and mutually communicated manner, so that the characteristics of distribution, saturation, migration and the like in the plugging process of the oil-water two-phase fluid and the chemical plugging agent are better revealed.
The combination model can be constructed by combining the actual rhythm characteristics of the stratum obtained by means of logging data, microseismic detection and the like.
The invention utilizes 3D printing to make a model consistent with CT scanning image pore structure, and utilizes an image processing method to penetrate the obtained models with different permeabilities together according to different thickness ratios to form a new pore model (comprising the following steps of 1, penetrating pore channels at the joints of the models with different permeabilities by using imageJ; 2, setting different combination ratios of the models by using Mimics; 3, forming a 3D combination model.).
Aiming at the complex wettability characteristics of an actual reservoir, different printing models and pore structure surface modification technologies are selected to construct the printing model capable of reflecting the actual wettability of the actual reservoir.
The invention has the following effects: the method for simulating the different-grade hypertonic strip core of the reservoir through 3D printing has the following beneficial effects:
(1) And obtaining three-dimensional pore structures, effective porosities and pore size distribution of the different-level hypertonic banded rock cores by adopting a high-precision Micro-CT instrument and image processing software.
(2) And a digital image three-dimensional reconstruction technology is adopted to establish a three-band reservoir digitized model (namely, a model manufactured by three-dimensional reconstruction software) and a transparent visual 3D model (namely, a solid model manufactured by a 3D printer).
(3) 3D printing realizes rapid molding of pore structures with different combination proportion of different levels of high-permeability strips, real, staggered distribution, mutual penetration and consistent wettability.
(4) The invention can help to deeply study the fluid displacement rules of different levels of the high permeability strips of the reservoir, and improve the recovery ratio of the oil reservoir.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an image of subsurface layers extracted along the seepage direction from formation core CT graphic data of different levels of a reservoir;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the image of FIG. 1 after the processing of steps (2) and (3);
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a parallel combination model.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a tilt assembly model.
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a pore model having the same pore structure and wettability as a formation core of a reservoir.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention.
East-west lone patent number Ng6 3+4 The southeast selects a test unit to carry out a corresponding simulation experiment:
the method for simulating the hypertonic strip core of different grades of the reservoir through 3D printing comprises the following steps:
(1) Identification of formations (i.e., solitary east seven-zone West Ng 6) to a reservoir based on high precision Micro-CT (Micro focus X-ray CT) scanning 3+4 Test unit in the southeast) core is scanned to obtain stratum core CT graphic data of different levels of the reservoir, and then the stratum core CT graphic data is scanned along the direction of the reservoirExtracting images of subsurface layers of different levels from stratum core CT (computed tomography) graphic data of different levels of the reservoir along the seepage direction (particularly shown in figure 1), wherein:
the stratum core of the reservoir is scanned in the step (1) under the condition of no stress;
the high-precision Micro-CT instrument in the step (1) is provided with a high-voltage X-ray system;
and (3) the spatial resolution of the high-precision Micro-CT instrument in the step (1) is 5 mu m. The high-precision Micro-CT instrument can adopt commercial equipment: the Shimadzu microfocus X-ray CT system inspeXio SMX-100CT.
(2) Sequentially processing the representative layer images of different levels obtained in the step (1) to sequentially obtain digital images of pore structure morphology and distribution of an extreme water flooding zone, a strong water flooding zone and a weak water flooding zone, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
(21) Sequentially carrying out noise reduction on the image of the substituted surface layer obtained in the step (1);
(22) And (3) carrying out binarization processing on the image of the subsurface layer processed in the step (21), wherein the binarization processing distinguishes matrixes in the image of the subsurface layer from matrixes so as to facilitate identification and extraction in the step (3).
(3) And (2) according to the change of the scanned rock core image parameters, automatically identifying and extracting cracks and pores in the digital images of the pore structure morphology and distribution obtained in the step (2), such as model pore-throat ratio, geometric topology parameters and the like, by image processing software in sequence, and obtaining internal structures (particularly shown in fig. 2) in the digital images of the pore structure morphology and distribution of different levels, wherein:
the image processing software in the step (3) is ImageJ. In another embodiment the image processing software in step (3) is Fiji. In another embodiment the image processing software in step (3) is Avizo.
The internal structure in the digital image of the pore structure morphology and distribution in step (3) comprises pores, a throat and particle distribution.
(4) Aiming at the internal structures in the digital images of different levels of pore structure morphology and distribution obtained in the step (3), generating a digital model (particularly shown in fig. 3 and 4) which has the same pore structure as a stratum core of a reservoir and can be identified by a 3D printer in different levels through a digital image three-dimensional reconstruction mode, wherein:
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a parallel combination model, wherein scanned images of an extreme water flooding zone, a strong water flooding zone and a weak water flooding zone ("triple zone") of a reservoir are respectively 1d, 2d and 5d according to the longitudinal permeability from left to right, and the thickness ratio is 2:6:2, combining the two models into a new model;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a dip combination model that combines reservoir extreme water wash zones, strong water flooded zones, and weak water drive zones ("tri-zones") scanned images at a dip of 1d, 2d, 5d, respectively, in terms of longitudinal permeability from left to right.
(5) And (3) printing the digital models obtained in the step (4) of different continuous steps in sequence to obtain an artificial core with the same pore structure and wettability as those of the stratum core of the reservoir, wherein the artificial core is specifically shown in fig. 5, and the method comprises the following steps:
combining the different grades of digital models together into an artificial rock core which contains different grades and is communicated with each other in the step (5) by the following modes:
manufacturing seepage models with different longitudinal permeabilities and different thickness ratios based on a 3D printing technology;
connectivity between different levels of digitized models enables free flow between adjacent stripes through image processing means.
The control of wettability in step (5) is achieved by:
the selection of 3D printing materials and their combination with each other.
In another embodiment the control of the wettability in step (5) is achieved by:
after the artificial core is formed, modification of the pore structure surface is performed by a chemical agent (ethanol or toluene).
Further, the format of the digitized model recognizable by the 3D printer in step (4) is a stl format. In another embodiment, the format of the digitized model recognizable by the 3D printer in step (4) is the. Ant format.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications may be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The method for simulating the hypertonic strip core of different grades of the reservoir through 3D printing is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Scanning stratum cores of a reservoir based on high-precision Micro-CT instrument scanning identification to obtain stratum core CT graphic data of different levels of the reservoir, and extracting images of subsurface layers of different levels from the stratum core CT graphic data of different levels of the reservoir along a seepage direction;
(2) Sequentially processing the representative layer images of different levels obtained in the step (1) to sequentially obtain digital images of pore structure morphology and distribution of the extreme water flooding belt, the strong water flooding belt and the weak water flooding belt;
(3) Automatically identifying and extracting cracks and pores in the digital images of pore structure morphology and distribution obtained in the step (2) sequentially through image processing software to obtain internal structures in the digital images of pore structure morphology and distribution of different levels;
(4) Aiming at the internal structures in the digital images of different levels of pore structure morphology and distribution obtained in the step (3), generating a digital model which is the same as the stratum core pore structure of the reservoir and can be identified by a 3D printer in different levels through a digital image three-dimensional reconstruction mode;
(5) Sequentially performing 3D printing on the digital models obtained in the step (4) of different continuous steps to obtain an artificial core with the same pore structure and wettability as those of the stratum core of the reservoir, wherein:
combining the different grades of digital models together into an artificial rock core which contains different grades and is communicated with each other in the step (5) by the following modes:
manufacturing seepage models with different longitudinal permeabilities and different thickness ratios based on a 3D printing technology;
connectivity between different levels of digitized models can enable free flow between adjacent stripes through image processing means;
the control of wettability in step (5) is achieved by:
after the artificial core is formed, the surface of the pore structure is modified by ethanol or toluene.
2. The method of simulating different grades of hypertonic striped core in a reservoir by 3D printing according to claim 1 wherein the control of wettability in step (5) is achieved by:
the selection of 3D printing materials and their combination with each other.
3. The method of simulating different grades of hypertonic striped core in a reservoir by 3D printing according to claim 1 wherein the scanning of the formation core in the reservoir in step (1) is done in a unstressed state.
4. The method of simulating different grades of hypertonic striped core in a reservoir by 3D printing according to claim 1 wherein the high precision Micro-CT apparatus of step (1) is equipped with a high voltage X-ray system.
5. The method of simulating different grades of hypertonic striped core in a reservoir by 3D printing according to claim 1 wherein the spatial resolution of the high precision Micro-CT apparatus of step (1) is 5 μm.
6. The method of simulating different grades of hypertonic striped core in a reservoir by 3D printing according to claim 1 wherein step (2) comprises the steps of:
(21) Sequentially carrying out noise reduction on the image of the substituted surface layer obtained in the step (1);
(22) And (3) performing binarization processing on the image of the subsurface layer processed in the step (21).
7. The method of simulating different grades of hypertonic striped core in a reservoir by 3D printing according to claim 1 wherein the image processing software in step (3) is ImageJ or Fiji or Avizo.
8. The method of simulating different grades of hypertonic striped core in a reservoir by 3D printing according to claim 1 wherein the internal structures in the digital image of pore structure morphology and distribution in step (3) comprise pores, throats and particle distribution.
9. The method of simulating different grades of hypertonic striped core in a reservoir by 3D printing according to claim 1 wherein the format of the digitized model recognizable by the 3D printer in step (4) is in the. Stl format or the. Ant format.
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| GB2541818A (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2017-03-01 | Halliburton Energy Services Inc | Forming facsimile formation core samples using three-dimensional printing |
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| CN103325137A (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2013-09-25 | 大连理工大学 | Method for extracting natural gas hydrate reservoir pore skeletal structure |
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