CN114435422B - Target positioning detection device and method based on railway infrared axle temperature detection - Google Patents
Target positioning detection device and method based on railway infrared axle temperature detection Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
- B61K9/04—Detectors for indicating the overheating of axle bearings and the like, e.g. associated with the brake system for applying the brakes in case of a fault
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
- B61K9/04—Detectors for indicating the overheating of axle bearings and the like, e.g. associated with the brake system for applying the brakes in case of a fault
- B61K9/06—Detectors for indicating the overheating of axle bearings and the like, e.g. associated with the brake system for applying the brakes in case of a fault by detecting or indicating heat radiation from overheated axles
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Abstract
The invention discloses a target positioning detection device and method based on railway infrared axle temperature detection, and belongs to the field of railway safety monitoring. The target positioning detection device comprises an infrared probe, an upper computer and a networking center, wherein the infrared probe comprises a probe shell, an infrared detection window, a laser ranging detection window, an infrared optical system, a laser ranging sensor, an infrared sensor and a signal processing module. At the beginning, infrared sensor converts the axle box infrared radiation that infrared optical system received into voltage signal, exports signal processing module, and the processing is uploaded to the host computer. And meanwhile, the laser ranging sensor detects distance information generated by train movement and uploads the distance information to the upper computer. And then the upper computer processes the distance information and the voltage signal data to determine the position of the axle box and the temperature information of the area of the axle box, and accurately calculates the axle temperature. And finally, uploading the shaft temperature to a networking center for hot shaft forecasting. The invention ensures the accuracy of the shaft temperature calculation and reduces the probability of false alarm and missing alarm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of railway safety monitoring, and particularly relates to a target positioning detection device and method based on railway infrared axle temperature detection.
Background
In the railway safety monitoring field, the infrared shaft temperature detection system adopts non-contact infrared detection, so that the temperature of the axle box in the running process of the train can be rapidly detected. The infrared shaft temperature detection system adopts an infrared sensor as a core component, the infrared radiation is sensitive, in practical application, the infrared shaft temperature detection is influenced by the train model, the maintenance processing condition, the running condition and the like, the conditions that a detection target is shielded or the detection target is interfered by other heat possibly exist, abnormal waveforms appear on the detection result, the real condition is difficult to judge by central software, and false alarm is generated.
At present, aiming at the problem of abnormal waveforms, a method mainly adopted by an infrared shaft temperature detection system is automatic identification by software. The method is characterized in that the specific shaft temperature waveforms in some cases are learned and identified in a targeted manner by software, when similar shaft temperature waveforms are detected to occur at a certain time, the software can identify the waveforms and the corresponding characteristics thereof, and the abnormal waveform analysis and judgment are carried out by combining the conditions of other bearings in the same row, so that the waveforms are finally determined to be abnormal shaft temperature waveforms, and corresponding processing is carried out.
In practical application, the automatic software identification method still has defects: firstly, the occurrence condition of the abnormal waveform does not necessarily accord with the same condition in the case where the abnormal waveform occurs, if the shaft temperature waveform in the previous case is used for comparison and judgment, false alarm can occur; secondly, after the target is subjected to thermal interference, the detected shaft temperature waveform can be regarded as an abnormal waveform, and the judgment of the real shaft temperature can be directly influenced, so that the condition of missing report or incorrect report of the shaft temperature overheat has a great influence on the safe operation of the train.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a target positioning detection device and method based on infrared axle temperature detection of a railway, which aims to solve the problem of identifying abnormal waveforms of an infrared detection system of the railway vehicle and realize accurate, reliable and effective detection.
The target positioning detection device based on the infrared axle temperature detection of the railway comprises: the system comprises an infrared probe, an upper computer and a networking center; the infrared probe is fixed on the outer side wall of the rail and is sequentially connected with the upper computer and the networking center through cables.
The infrared probe comprises a probe shell, an infrared detection window, a laser ranging detection window, an infrared optical system, a laser ranging sensor, an infrared sensor and a signal processing module.
The probe shell is cuboid, a through hole is formed in the center of the upper surface of the probe shell and is used as an infrared detection window, and the laser ranging detection window is adjacent to the infrared detection window; the infrared optical system receives all optical signals passing through the infrared detection window, the infrared optical system is connected with one end of the infrared sensor, the other end of the infrared sensor is connected with the signal processing module, and the signal processing module is connected with the upper computer. The laser ranging sensor receives a laser signal passing through the laser ranging detection window, and is directly connected with the upper computer. Meanwhile, the optical centers of the laser ranging sensor and the infrared sensor are coincident.
The working principle of the target positioning detection device based on railway infrared axle temperature detection is as follows:
in the detection state, infrared radiation of the train axle box enters the infrared sensor after passing through the infrared optical system; after the infrared sensor receives the infrared radiation, the photoelectric effect is utilized to convert the optical signal into a voltage signal, the voltage signal is output to the signal processing module, and the voltage signal is processed by the signal processing module and then uploaded to the upper computer.
Meanwhile, the laser ranging sensor detects distance information generated by train movement by transmitting and receiving laser signals. The distance information is directly uploaded to the upper computer through the cable.
And then, the upper computer carries out signal correction, waveform drawing and analysis judgment on the distance information and the voltage signal data to obtain continuous profile information of the train axle box and the nearby area, thereby determining the position of the axle box. And then the axle box temperature area information of the infrared detection waveform is obtained through comparison with the axle box position waveform in the same time period, so that the axle temperature is accurately calculated.
And finally, uploading the shaft temperature information to a networking center by the upper computer, and carrying out hot shaft forecasting by the networking center by integrating other information.
The target positioning detection method based on the railway infrared axle temperature detection comprises the following specific steps:
step one, initially, the infrared axle temperature detection system of the railway is in a interception state, and when an overtaking vehicle is intercepted, the infrared probe is started.
And step two, an infrared sensor and a laser ranging sensor in the infrared probe detect the axle boxes of the train respectively at the same time, and the detected data are transmitted to the signal processing module and the upper computer respectively.
The detection process of the infrared sensor to the train axle box is as follows: the infrared sensor continuously receives infrared radiation of the train axle box and the front and rear parts of the axle box in real time, converts an optical signal into a voltage signal and transmits the voltage signal to the signal processing module, the signal processing module processes the voltage signal and then uploads the voltage signal to the upper computer, the upper computer processes received signal data to obtain a time-voltage curve alpha, and a voltage curve V in a T time period is intercepted from the curve alpha T 。
The detection process of the laser ranging sensor to the train axle box is as follows: the laser ranging sensor detects the axle box and the distance data of the vehicle bottom position before and after the axle box in real time, and transmits the distance data to the upper computer to obtain a distance-time curve beta, and a contour curve V in a T time period is obtained from the curve beta S 。
Step three, the upper computer adopts a waveform recognition algorithm to identify a contour curve V S In the method, the time period T which is passed by the laser ranging sensor for detecting the waveform of the train axle box is extracted and identified h 。
Waveform recognition algorithm: the axle box waveform is a special waveform with radian, and the starting point and the ending point of the axle box are identified according to the special waveform, the time between the starting point and the ending point is the time period T h 。
Step four, after correcting the time errors of the two signals of the infrared sensor and the laser ranging sensor, the upper computer is controlled by a V T Middle intercept is based on time period T h Is a segment of waveform V R 。
The time error is the time delay time difference of the infrared sensor and the laser ranging sensor in the signal transmission and signal processing processes, and the time error is corrected by adjusting the time axes of the signals of the infrared sensor and the laser ranging sensor to be consistent.
Step five, the upper computer is used for controlling the waveform V R And comprehensively calculating the temperature of the axle box to obtain the accurate temperature of the axle box, uploading the calculation result to a networking center for hot axle forecast, judging abnormal waveforms, and giving an early warning.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) A target positioning detection device based on railway infrared axle temperature detection can acquire train profile data, find the accurate position of a target to be detected by a current infrared sensor, and ensure the accuracy of target temperature calculation.
(2) A target positioning detection method based on railway infrared axle temperature detection can reduce interference, improve the recognition rate of abnormal waveforms, further improve the accuracy of infrared detection and reduce the probability of false alarm and false omission.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a target positioning detection device based on infrared axle temperature detection of a railway of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an external schematic view of an infrared probe of the target positioning detection device based on infrared axle temperature detection of a railway of the invention;
FIG. 3 is an internal view of an infrared probe of the target positioning and detecting device based on infrared axle temperature detection of a railway of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method of target location detection based on infrared axle temperature detection of a railway in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of an actual effective shaft temperature detection curve obtained by the present invention; wherein, fig. 5a shows a normal waveform, and fig. 5b shows an abnormal waveform.
In the drawing the view of the figure,
the system comprises a 1-infrared probe, a 2-train axle box, a 3-upper computer and a 4-networking center;
the system comprises a 101-infrared detection window, a 102-laser ranging detection window, a 103-probe shell, a 104-infrared optical system, a 105-infrared sensor, a 106-laser ranging sensor and a 107-signal processing module.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
According to the target positioning detection device and method based on railway infrared shaft temperature detection, the laser ranging sensor is additionally arranged, the center of a detection view field of the laser ranging sensor is coincident with the center of the infrared sensor, and the detection view field identical to the infrared sensor can be obtained. The laser ranging sensor can obtain the outline of the train bottom sweeping the axle box line through transmitting and receiving laser. Since the outline of the axle box part is approximately the same in most parts, the time period in which the axle box part is located can be quickly identified by utilizing the characteristics. The infrared sensor obtains infrared radiation of a front line and a rear line of the axle box part. Due to the existence of thermal interference, the voltage time curve obtained after the infrared radiation is subjected to photoelectric conversion cannot fully embody the characteristics of the axle box. Therefore, the contour curve drawn by laser ranging can help to locate the target area of infrared detection.
As shown in fig. 1, the target positioning detection device based on railway infrared axle temperature detection comprises an infrared probe 1, a train axle box 2, an upper computer 3 and a networking center 4;
the train axle box 2 is the main detection target of the infrared axle temperature detection system.
The upper computer 3 is usually located in a detection station beside the track, and is used for receiving detection data, calculating detection target temperature, uploading data and the like, and after receiving data sent by the infrared probe, the data need to be converted, calculated and corrected to obtain a real axle temperature waveform area, and accurate axle box temperature is calculated. And finally uploading the corrected data to the networking center 4.
The networking center 4 receives the data sent by the upper computer 3, and can comprehensively judge and forecast the heating condition of the current passing hot axle according to the information of the data and the data information of other detection stations.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the infrared probe 1 includes: an infrared detection window 101, a laser ranging detection window 102, a probe housing 103, an infrared optical system 104, an infrared sensor 105, a laser ranging sensor 106 and a signal processing module 107.
The probe housing 103 serves to carry and protect the sensor and the like. The infrared detection window 101 and the laser ranging detection window 102 are integrated on the probe shell 103, and an infrared optical system 104 is fixed on the inner wall of the shell below the infrared detection window 101. The infrared optical system 104 performs filtering, isolation and focusing functions to focus infrared radiation energy onto the infrared sensor 105; the infrared sensor 105 is connected to the signal processing module 107, and the signal processing module 107 processes the signal of the infrared sensor 105 and transmits the processed signal to the upper computer 3. The laser of the laser ranging sensor 106 is directly transmitted and received through the laser ranging detection window 102, and the laser ranging sensor 106 directly transmits the received laser signal to the upper computer 3 for processing.
Preferably, the detection range of the laser ranging sensor is 0-1000mm, the precision is 1mm, and the detection frequency is not lower than 5000hz.
Preferably, the infrared optical system adopts two independent optical systems, and the detection wavelength range is optically filtered according to the requirements of the detector.
The working principle of the target positioning detection device based on railway infrared axle temperature detection is as shown in fig. 4, and the working principle is as follows:
at first, the infrared axle temperature detecting system of railway is in a detecting state, and when detecting that the car passes, the infrared probe is started.
Infrared radiation generated when the train axle box passes through enters an infrared sensor, and is transmitted to an upper computer after signal processing to form a voltage-time curve; the laser ranging sensor emits laser and receives the laser returned by the train axle box to obtain the position moving distance of the same train axle box detected by the infrared sensor, and uploads the position moving distance to the upper computer to draw a distance-time curve, so as to obtain a train side profile curve based on the distance.
The two curves are analyzed and identified by the upper computer software, accurate axle box positioning is obtained from the waveforms of the distance-time curves, axle box voltages on the voltage-time curves are obtained through the positioning, and the axle box temperature is obtained after calculation. The upper computer sends the axle box temperature data to the networking center, and the networking center synthesizes other data to judge, accurately forecast the hotbox.
A target positioning detection method based on railway infrared axle temperature detection is shown in fig. 5, and comprises the following specific steps:
in the first step, in the passing state, the infrared sensor continuously receives infrared radiation of the train axle box, the front part, the rear part and the bottom of the axle box in real time, outputs voltage through photoelectric conversion, and transmits the output voltage to the upper computer for processing to obtain a time-voltage curve alpha. Intercepting voltage V in T time period from curve α T Wherein T is the detection time period of the wheel sensor sensing the wheel position and the distance of 1.5 meters in front of and behind the wheel sensor.
And step two, the laser ranging sensor detects the axle box part and the distance data of the front and rear vehicle bottom parts in real time, and transmits the data to the upper computer to obtain a distance-time curve beta after processing. Intercepting part in T time from beta to obtain contour curve V in T time period S 。
Step three, the upper computer adopts a waveform recognition algorithm to form a contour curve V S The axle box contour is extracted and identified, and the starting and stopping points of the contour are determined. Based on the start and cut-off points, a time period T for detecting the axle box of the vehicle by the laser ranging sensor is obtained from the T time h 。
Step four, after the upper computer corrects the time errors of the two signals of the infrared sensor and the laser ranging sensor, the upper computer calculates a voltage-time curve V T Middle intercept is based on time period T h Is a segment of waveform V R 。
Step five, the upper computer is used for controlling the operation according to V R And calculating the temperature of the axle box to obtain the temperature of the axle box, and uploading the temperature data to a networking center.
The method is characterized in that a temperature calculating method in the current THDS shaft temperature detecting system comprises the steps of obtaining a detecting coefficient according to system calibration, obtaining a reference voltage-temperature curve by thermal target calibration, and combining V by utilizing the two R The temperature is calculated from the obtained voltage.
And step seven, the networking center comprehensively forecasts based on temperature data and combines front and rear detection station data, environment sensing data, axle box tracking data and the like, and identifies abnormal waveforms.
The abnormal waveform is an axial temperature waveform which is interfered by sunlight, and the normal axial temperature waveform is a trapezoidal waveform. However, the center needs to know that the current waveform is abnormal and has interference after being interfered, and the current waveform needs to be properly adjusted when the hotbox is predicted.
As shown in FIG. 5, for both embodiments of the present invention, after correcting the time error, the time period T is based h From curve alpha to waveform V R As shown in fig. 5a, the case where the waveform of the shaft temperature is a normal trapezoidal waveform; FIG. 5b shows waveforms obtained when a high-temperature object is shielded, and it is obvious from the drawings that abnormal fluctuation occurs in the curve beta of the shielded part, the curve beta cannot be recognized as an axle box contour, the voltage in the corresponding curve alpha is in an abnormal rise state, at the moment, the networking center recognizes that the abnormal part of the waveform has interference, and the effective V on the left side should be selected R And part, and prompting abnormal interference.
The invention is based on infrared shaft temperature detection, and a laser ranging sensor is introduced to range the position of the shaft and the front and rear parts of the shaft. After the sensor generates a distance-time curve, the upper computer obtains a time period corresponding to the accurate detection position of the axle box based on the profile curve characteristics, and an effective axle temperature curve can be determined from the voltage-time curve obtained by the infrared sensor by utilizing the time period, so that the accuracy of infrared axle temperature detection is greatly improved, and the accuracy of hot axle prediction is ensured.
The present invention is directed to solving one or more of the above-described drawbacks and disadvantages, and the solution to any particular problem is not a limitation on the scope of the present disclosure or appended claims unless explicitly stated.
Claims (5)
1. The target positioning detection device based on the railway infrared axle temperature detection is characterized by comprising an infrared probe, an upper computer and a networking center; the infrared probe is fixed on the outer side wall of the rail and is sequentially connected with the upper computer and the networking center through cables;
the infrared probe comprises a probe shell, an infrared detection window, a laser ranging detection window, an infrared optical system, a laser ranging sensor, an infrared sensor and a signal processing module;
the probe shell is cuboid, a through hole is formed in the center of the upper surface of the probe shell and is used as an infrared detection window, and the laser ranging detection window is adjacent to the infrared detection window; an infrared optical system, a laser ranging sensor, an infrared sensor and a signal processing module are fixed in the probe shell, the infrared optical system receives all optical signals passing through the infrared detection window, the infrared optical system is connected with one end of the infrared sensor, the other end of the infrared sensor is connected with the signal processing module, and the signal processing module is connected with an upper computer; the laser ranging sensor receives a laser signal passing through the laser ranging detection window, and is directly connected with the upper computer; meanwhile, the optical centers of the laser ranging sensor and the infrared sensor are coincident.
2. The target positioning detection device based on infrared axle temperature detection of a railway according to claim 1, wherein the working principle of the device is as follows:
in the detection state, infrared radiation of the train axle box enters the infrared sensor after passing through the infrared optical system; after the infrared sensor receives the infrared radiation, the photoelectric effect is utilized to convert the optical signal into a voltage signal, the voltage signal is output to the signal processing module, and the voltage signal is processed by the signal processing module and then uploaded to the upper computer;
meanwhile, the laser ranging sensor detects distance information generated by train movement by transmitting and receiving laser signals, and the distance information is directly uploaded to the upper computer through the cable;
then, the upper computer carries out signal correction, waveform drawing and analysis judgment on the distance information and the voltage signal data to obtain continuous profile information of the train axle box and the nearby area, so as to determine the position of the axle box; the axle box temperature area information of the infrared detection waveform is obtained through comparison with the axle box position waveform in the same time period, so that the axle temperature is accurately calculated;
and finally, uploading the shaft temperature information to a networking center by the upper computer, and carrying out hot shaft forecasting by the networking center by integrating other information.
3. The method for performing target positioning detection based on the target positioning detection device as set forth in claim 1, wherein the specific steps are as follows:
step one, initially, an infrared axle temperature detection system of a railway is in a interception state, and when an overtaking vehicle is intercepted, an infrared probe is started;
step two, an infrared sensor and a laser ranging sensor in the infrared probe detect the axle boxes of the train respectively at the same time, and the detected data are transmitted to a signal processing module and an upper computer respectively;
the detection process of the infrared sensor to the train axle box is as follows: the infrared sensor continuously receives infrared radiation of the train axle box and the front and rear parts of the axle box in real time, converts an optical signal into a voltage signal and transmits the voltage signal to the signal processing module, the signal processing module processes the voltage signal and then uploads the voltage signal to the upper computer, the upper computer processes received signal data to obtain a time-voltage curve alpha, and a voltage curve V in a T time period is intercepted from the curve alpha T ；
The detection process of the laser ranging sensor to the train axle box is as follows: the laser ranging sensor detects the axle box and the distance data of the vehicle bottom position before and after the axle box in real time, and transmits the distance data to the upper computer to obtain a distance-time curve beta, and a contour curve V in a T time period is obtained from the curve beta S ；
Step three, the upper computer adopts a waveform recognition algorithm to identify a contour curve V S In the method, the time period T which is passed by the laser ranging sensor for detecting the waveform of the train axle box is extracted and identified h ；
Step four, after correcting the time errors of the two signals of the infrared sensor and the laser ranging sensor, the upper computer is controlled by a V T Middle intercept is based on time period T h Is a segment of waveform V R ；
Step five, the upper computer is used for controlling the waveform V R And comprehensively calculating the temperature of the axle box to obtain the accurate temperature of the axle box, uploading the calculation result to a networking center for hot axle forecast, judging abnormal waveforms, and giving an early warning.
4. A method of object location detection as defined in claim 3 wherein,the waveform identification algorithm is as follows: the axle box waveform is a waveform with radian, the starting point and the ending point of the axle box are identified according to the waveform, and the time between the starting point and the ending point is the time period T h 。
5. A method of object localization detection as claimed in claim 3 wherein the time error is a time delay difference between the infrared sensor and the laser ranging sensor during signal transmission and signal processing, and the time error is corrected by adjusting the time axes of the signals of the infrared sensor and the laser ranging sensor to be uniform.
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| US8149160B2 (en) * | 2009-10-27 | 2012-04-03 | Systems And Materials Research Corporation | Method and apparatus using non-contact measuring device to determine rail distance traveled |
| CN202494519U (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2012-10-17 | 优利德科技(中国)有限公司 | Laser ranging infrared temperature measurement instrument |
| CN202783248U (en) * | 2012-08-06 | 2013-03-13 | 北京华铁能信科技有限公司 | Railway axle temperature monitoring system |
| JP6123460B2 (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2017-05-10 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | Optical nondestructive inspection apparatus and optical nondestructive inspection method |
| CN107246915A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-10-13 | 杭州家和物联技术有限公司 | A kind of infrared temperature probe and its thermometric and transmission method |
| CN211032589U (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-07-17 | 苏州华兴致远电子科技有限公司 | Online shaft temperature detection device |
| CN111637974A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-09-08 | 深圳市康贝电子有限公司 | Non-contact temperature measuring device and temperature measuring method |
| CN111739250B (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2022-02-15 | 广东工业大学 | Fire detection method and system combining image processing technology and infrared sensor |
| CN113218512A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-08-06 | 安徽淮光智能科技有限公司 | Infrared thermometer capable of accurately aiming |
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