CN114443210A - Simulation method and device for Linux system partition image file - Google Patents
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Abstract
本申请提供一种Linux系统分区镜像文件的仿真方法及装置,该方法包括:获取Linux系统的目标分区的第一镜像文件;所述目标分区为所述Linux系统的引导分区之外的分区;基于所述Linux系统的系统信息,得到分区表类型,确认与所述Linux系统的系统信息相匹配的引导信息,并根据所述引导信息与所述第一镜像文件,生成目标文件;基于所述目标文件,对包含所述目标分区的Linux系统进行仿真。本申请提供的Linux系统分区镜像文件的仿真方法及装置用于解决Linux系统分区镜像文件不能仿真的问题,完善计算机仿真取证技术,适配更多的计算机仿真仿真取证场景。
The application provides a method and device for simulating a Linux system partition image file, the method includes: obtaining a first image file of a target partition of the Linux system; the target partition is a partition other than the boot partition of the Linux system; based on The system information of the Linux system, the partition table type is obtained, the boot information matching the system information of the Linux system is confirmed, and the target file is generated according to the boot information and the first image file; based on the target file to emulate the Linux system containing the target partition. The method and device for simulating a Linux system partition image file provided by this application are used to solve the problem that the Linux system partition image file cannot be simulated, improve the computer simulation forensics technology, and adapt to more computer simulation simulation forensics scenarios.
Description
技术领域technical field
本申请涉及计算机系统仿真领域,尤其涉及一种Linux系统分区镜像文件的仿真方法及装置。The present application relates to the field of computer system simulation, and in particular, to a method and device for simulating a partition image file of a Linux system.
背景技术Background technique
在计算机系统仿真领域,可以通过对系统的仿真,完成对计算机的取证。为了能够对安装有Linux系统的计算机进行取证,可以获取安装有Linux系统的硬盘的系统镜像。之后,通过虚拟机加载该系统镜像,在模拟环境中运行被取证计算机的Linux系统。In the field of computer system simulation, computer forensics can be accomplished by simulating the system. In order to obtain forensics on the computer installed with the Linux system, a system image of the hard disk installed with the Linux system can be obtained. After that, load the system image through the virtual machine, and run the Linux system of the forensic computer in the simulation environment.
然而,在某些特殊的情况下,取证人员仅提取到了Linux部分分区的分区镜像,由于Linux系统的系统分区中不包含引导信息,因此,在针对Linux系统取证时,获取到的Linux系统的分区镜像无法直接进行仿真,进而无法对被取证计算机进行动态、直观的证据收集与分析。However, in some special cases, the forensics personnel only extracted the partition image of part of the Linux partition. Since the system partition of the Linux system does not contain boot information, when collecting forensics for the Linux system, the obtained partition of the Linux system The image cannot be simulated directly, so it is impossible to collect and analyze the evidence dynamically and intuitively on the forensic computer.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本申请的目的是提供一种Linux系统分区镜像文件的仿真方法及装置,用于解决Linux系统分区镜像文件不能仿真的问题,完善计算机仿真取证技术,适配更多的计算机仿真仿真取证场景。The purpose of this application is to provide a simulation method and device for a Linux system partition image file, which are used to solve the problem that the Linux system partition image file cannot be simulated, improve the computer simulation forensics technology, and adapt to more computer simulation simulation forensics scenarios.
本申请提供一种Linux系统分区镜像文件的仿真方法,包括:The application provides a simulation method for a Linux system partition image file, including:
获取Linux系统的目标分区的第一镜像文件;所述目标分区为所述Linux系统的引导分区之外的分区;基于所述Linux系统的系统信息,确定与所述Linux系统的系统信息相匹配的引导信息,并根据所述引导信息与所述第一镜像文件,生成目标文件;基于所述目标文件,对包含所述目标分区的Linux系统进行仿真。Obtain the first image file of the target partition of the Linux system; the target partition is the partition outside the boot partition of the Linux system; Based on the system information of the Linux system, determine the system information that matches the Linux system. boot information, and generate a target file according to the boot information and the first image file; based on the target file, simulate the Linux system including the target partition.
可选地,所述获取Linux系统的目标分区的第一镜像文件,包括:从所述Linux系统的分区中确定目标分区;提取所述目标分区所包含数据,并生成所述目标分区的所述第一镜像文件。Optionally, the obtaining the first image file of the target partition of the Linux system includes: determining the target partition from the partition of the Linux system; extracting data contained in the target partition, and generating the target partition of the target partition. The first image file.
可选地,所述基于所述Linux系统的系统信息,确定与所述Linux系统的系统信息相匹配的引导信息,包括:解析所述第一镜像文件的文件系统,得到所述系统信息;基于所述系统信息,从预设引导信息库中确定与所述系统信息对应的引导信息;其中,所述引导信息用于与所述系统信息对应的Linux系统的启动。Optionally, determining the boot information that matches the system information of the Linux system based on the system information of the Linux system includes: parsing the file system of the first image file to obtain the system information; For the system information, the bootstrap information corresponding to the system information is determined from a preset bootstrap information library; wherein, the bootstrap information is used to start the Linux system corresponding to the system information.
可选地,所述根据所述引导信息与所述第一镜像文件,生成目标文件,包括:获取包含所述引导信息的第二镜像文件;将所述第一镜像文件与所述第二镜像文件进行拼接,得到所述目标文件。Optionally, the generating a target file according to the guide information and the first image file includes: acquiring a second image file including the guide information; combining the first image file with the second image The files are spliced to obtain the target file.
可选地,所述目标文件为虚拟磁盘文件;所述基于所述目标文件,对包含所述目标分区的Linux系统进行仿真,包括:创建与所述系统信息相匹配的虚拟机,并将所述虚拟磁盘文件加载到所述虚拟机中,在模拟环境中运行所述Linux系统。Optionally, the target file is a virtual disk file; and the simulation of the Linux system including the target partition based on the target file includes: creating a virtual machine matching the system information, The virtual disk file is loaded into the virtual machine, and the Linux system is run in a simulated environment.
本申请还提供一种Linux系统分区镜像文件的仿真装置,包括:The application also provides a simulation device for a Linux system partition image file, including:
获取模块,用于获取Linux系统的目标分区的第一镜像文件;所述目标分区为所述Linux系统的引导分区之外的分区;生成模块,用于基于所述Linux系统的系统信息,确定与所述Linux系统的系统信息相匹配的引导信息,并根据所述引导信息与所述第一镜像文件,生成目标文件;仿真模块,用于基于所述目标文件,对包含所述目标分区的Linux系统进行仿真。The acquisition module is used to obtain the first image file of the target subregion of the Linux system; the target subregion is the subregion other than the boot subregion of the Linux system; the generation module is used to determine and match the system information based on the Linux system. The boot information matched with the system information of the Linux system, and generate a target file according to the boot information and the first image file; an emulation module is used for, based on the target file, for the Linux containing the target partition The system is simulated.
可选地,所述装置还包括:确定模块;所述确定模块,用于从所述Linux系统的分区中确定目标分区;所述生成模块,具体用于提取所述目标分区所包含数据,并生成所述目标分区的所述第一镜像文件。Optionally, the apparatus further includes: a determining module; the determining module is used to determine a target partition from the partitions of the Linux system; the generating module is specifically configured to extract the data contained in the target partition, and generating the first image file of the target partition.
可选地,所述装置还包括:解析模块;所述解析模块,用于解析所述第一镜像文件的文件系统,得到所述系统信息;所述确定模块,还用于基于所述系统信息,从预设引导信息库中确定与所述系统信息对应的引导信息;其中,所述引导信息用于与所述系统信息对应的Linux系统的启动。Optionally, the apparatus further includes: a parsing module; the parsing module is configured to parse the file system of the first image file to obtain the system information; the determining module is further configured to based on the system information , and determine the bootstrap information corresponding to the system information from the preset bootstrap information database; wherein, the bootstrap information is used for starting the Linux system corresponding to the system information.
可选地,所述获取模块,还用于获取包含所述引导信息的第二镜像文件;所述生成模块,具体用于将所述第一镜像文件与所述第二镜像文件进行拼接,得到所述目标文件。Optionally, the obtaining module is further configured to obtain a second image file containing the guiding information; the generating module is specifically configured to splicing the first image file and the second image file to obtain the target file.
可选地,所述目标文件为虚拟磁盘文件;所述仿真模块,具体用于创建与所述系统信息相匹配的虚拟机,并将所述虚拟磁盘文件加载到所述虚拟机中,在模拟环境中运行所述Linux系统。Optionally, the target file is a virtual disk file; the simulation module is specifically configured to create a virtual machine that matches the system information, and load the virtual disk file into the virtual machine, and simulate The Linux system is run in the environment.
本申请还提供一种计算机程序产品,包括计算机程序/指令,该计算机程序/指令被处理器执行时实现如上述任一种所述Linux系统分区镜像文件的仿真方法的步骤。The present application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program/instruction, when the computer program/instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for simulating a Linux system partition image file as described above are implemented.
本申请还提供一种电子设备,包括存储器、处理器及存储在存储器上并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序,所述处理器执行所述程序时实现如上述任一种所述Linux系统分区镜像文件的仿真方法的步骤。The present application also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, the processor implementing the Linux system partition as described above when the processor executes the program The steps of the simulation method of the image file.
本申请还提供一种计算机可读存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序,该计算机程序被处理器执行时实现如上述任一种所述Linux系统分区镜像文件的仿真方法的步骤。The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the above-mentioned methods for simulating a Linux system partition image file.
本申请提供的Linux系统分区镜像文件的仿真方法及装置,在获取到Linux系统的目标分区的第一镜像文件之后,由于该第一镜像文件中未包含引导信息,因此,需要将对应的引导信息植入该第一镜像文件。具体地,可以基于所述Linux系统的系统信息,确定与所述Linux系统的系统信息相匹配的引导信息,并根据所述引导信息与所述第一镜像文件,生成目标文件。最后,基于该目标文件,对包含目标分区的Linux系统进行仿真,进而达到对该Linux系统的取证的目的。The method and device for simulating a Linux system partition image file provided by the present application, after obtaining the first image file of the target partition of the Linux system, since the first image file does not contain boot information, the corresponding boot information needs to be The first image file is implanted. Specifically, based on the system information of the Linux system, boot information matching the system information of the Linux system may be determined, and a target file may be generated according to the boot information and the first image file. Finally, based on the target file, the Linux system including the target partition is simulated to achieve the purpose of forensics of the Linux system.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本申请或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the present application or the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are of the present application. For some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.
图1是本申请提供的Linux系统分区镜像文件的仿真方法的流程示意图之一;Fig. 1 is one of the schematic flow sheets of the simulation method of the Linux system partition mirror file provided by the application;
图2是本申请提供的Linux系统分区镜像文件的仿真方法的流程示意图之二;Fig. 2 is the second schematic flow chart of the simulation method of the Linux system partition image file provided by the application;
图3是本申请提供的Linux系统分区镜像文件的仿真装置的结构示意图;Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the emulation device of the Linux system partition mirror file provided by the application;
图4是本申请提供的电子设备的结构示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by the present application.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本申请中的附图,对本申请中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application. , not all examples. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.
本申请的说明书和权利要求书中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象,而不用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换,以便本申请的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施,且“第一”、“第二”等所区分的对象通常为一类,并不限定对象的个数,例如第一对象可以是一个,也可以是多个。此外,说明书以及权利要求中“和/或”表示所连接对象的至少其中之一,字符“/”,一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。The terms "first", "second" and the like in the description and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It is to be understood that the data so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present application can be practiced in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein, and distinguish between "first", "second", etc. The objects are usually of one type, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object may be one or more than one. In addition, "and/or" in the description and claims indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character "/" generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.
计算机仿真取证是指将取证获得的计算机存储镜像文件生成虚拟机配置文件,并在虚拟化系统中运行起来,模拟原计算机系统运行环境的过程。为了能够对被取证计算机进行仿真取证,需要获取该计算机的系统的镜像文件,之后,通过该镜像文件在模拟环境下运行被取证计算机的系统,并完成对被取证计算机的取证。Computer simulation forensics refers to the process of generating virtual machine configuration files from computer storage image files obtained by forensics, and running them in a virtualized system to simulate the operating environment of the original computer system. In order to simulate the forensics of the computer to be forensics, it is necessary to obtain the image file of the computer's system, and then run the system of the forensic computer in a simulated environment through the image file, and complete the forensics of the forensic computer.
Linux磁盘分区主要分为基本分区(primary partion)和扩充分区(extensionpartion)两种,基本分区和扩充分区的数目之和不能大于四个。且基本分区可以马上被使用但不能再分区。扩充分区必须再进行分区后才能使用,也就是说它必须还要进行二次分区。在Linux中,每一个硬件设备都映射到一个系统的文件,对于硬盘、光驱等IDE或SCSI设备也不例外。Linux disk partitions are mainly divided into two types: primary partitions and extension partitions. The sum of the number of basic partitions and extended partitions cannot be greater than four. And the basic partition can be used immediately but cannot be re-partitioned. The extended partition must be partitioned before it can be used, that is to say, it must be partitioned twice. In Linux, every hardware device is mapped to a system file, and it is no exception for IDE or SCSI devices such as hard disks and CD-ROMs.
以下针对仿真过程所涉及的Linux系统的启动过程进行说明:当安装有Linux系统的计算机开机后,首先是基本输入输出系统(Basic Input Output System,BIOS)开机自检,按照BIOS中设置的启动设备(通常是硬盘)来启动。之后,读取引导加载程序bootloader,引导Linux系统的启动。The following describes the startup process of the Linux system involved in the simulation process: When the computer with the Linux system is turned on, the first is the Basic Input Output System (BIOS) power-on self-check, and the boot device set in the BIOS is followed by the boot device. (usually the hard disk) to boot. After that, read the bootloader bootloader to guide the startup of the Linux system.
基于上述Linux系统的启动过程可知,为了能够启动Linux系统,需要获取到主引导记录(Master Boot Record,MBR)分区或全局唯一标识分区表(GUID Partition Table,GPT)分区中的引导信息。而引导信息存储在硬盘的第一个扇区,在硬盘被损坏的情况下,通常只能获取到部分Linux系统的系统分区镜像。Based on the above startup process of the Linux system, in order to start the Linux system, it is necessary to obtain the boot information in the Master Boot Record (MBR) partition or the GUID Partition Table (GPT) partition. The boot information is stored in the first sector of the hard disk. When the hard disk is damaged, usually only part of the system partition image of the Linux system can be obtained.
然而,由于Linux系统的系统分区没有引导信息,在针对Linux系统取证时,若没有获取到完整的Linux系统的镜像文件(硬盘损坏等原因),而仅获取到部分分区的镜像文件,则无法对获取到的镜像文件进行仿真,也就无法对被取证计算机进行动态、直观的证据收集与分析。However, since the system partition of the Linux system has no boot information, if the complete image file of the Linux system is not obtained (for reasons such as hard disk damage) during the forensics of the Linux system, but only the image file of a part of the partition is obtained, the image file of the partition cannot be obtained. The obtained image file is simulated, so it is impossible to collect and analyze the evidence dynamically and intuitively on the computer being forensic.
针对相关技术中存在的上述问题,本申请实施例想到了一种Linux系统分区镜像文件的仿真取证方法,可以在对未包含引导信息的分区镜像进行仿真时,通过将预设引导信息库中的引导信息植入到分区镜像的方式,实现对Linux系统的仿真,进而完成对Linux系统的取证。In view of the above-mentioned problems existing in the related art, the embodiment of the present application proposes a method for simulating forensics of a partition image file of a Linux system. When simulating a partition image that does not contain boot information, the The way of implanting the boot information into the partition image realizes the simulation of the Linux system, and then completes the forensics of the Linux system.
下面结合附图,通过具体的实施例及其应用场景对本申请实施例提供的Linux系统分区镜像文件的仿真方法进行详细地说明。The method for simulating a Linux system partition image file provided by the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings through specific embodiments and application scenarios thereof.
如图1所示,本申请实施例提供的一种Linux系统分区镜像文件的仿真方法,该方法可以包括下述步骤101至步骤103:As shown in FIG. 1 , a method for simulating a Linux system partition image file provided by an embodiment of the present application may include the following
步骤101、获取Linux系统的目标分区的第一镜像文件。Step 101: Obtain the first image file of the target partition of the Linux system.
其中,所述目标分区为所述Linux系统的引导分区之外的分区。The target partition is a partition other than the boot partition of the Linux system.
示例性地,上述引导分区可以为MBR分区或GPT分区的第一物理扇区。以MBR分区方式为例,硬盘的一个扇区大小是512字节,主引导记录由三个部分组成:引导程序占用其中的前446字节(偏移0~1BDH),随后的64字节(偏移1BEH~1FDH)为硬盘分区表(DiskPartition Table,DPT),最后的两个字节“55AA”(偏移1FEH~1FFH)是结束标志。Exemplarily, the above-mentioned boot partition may be the first physical sector of the MBR partition or the GPT partition. Taking the MBR partition method as an example, the size of a sector of the hard disk is 512 bytes, and the master boot record consists of three parts: the first 446 bytes (offset 0~1BDH) occupied by the boot program, and the subsequent 64 bytes ( The offset 1BEH-1FDH) is the hard disk partition table (DiskPartition Table, DPT), and the last two bytes "55AA" (offset 1FEH-1FFH) are the end marks.
需要说明的是,若在取证过程中,安装有Linux系统的硬盘未被损坏,并且可以提取到硬盘中的所有信息,则获取到的Linux系统镜像中包括引导信息,可以直接进行仿真。It should be noted that if the hard disk on which the Linux system is installed is not damaged during the forensics process, and all the information in the hard disk can be extracted, the obtained Linux system image includes boot information and can be simulated directly.
而本申请实施例所要解决的是在取证过程中,在安装有Linux系统的硬盘出现了损坏的情况下,仅能够提取到Linux系统的部分系统分区的镜像文件,由于Linux系统的系统分区中并未包含Linux系统启动时所必须的引导信息,因此,获取到的Linux系统的系统分区的镜像文件,无法直接用于Linux系统的仿真。However, what the embodiments of the present application need to solve is that in the forensics process, when the hard disk on which the Linux system is installed is damaged, only the image files of part of the system partition of the Linux system can be extracted. It does not contain the necessary boot information when the Linux system is started. Therefore, the obtained image file of the system partition of the Linux system cannot be directly used for the simulation of the Linux system.
示例性地,上述Linux系统为被取证计算机中安装的Linux系统。上述目标分区可以为Linux系统中除引导分区之外的其他分区。Exemplarily, the above-mentioned Linux system is the Linux system installed in the forensic computer. The above target partition may be other partitions except the boot partition in the Linux system.
步骤102、基于所述Linux系统的系统信息,确定与所述Linux系统的系统信息相匹配的引导信息,并根据所述引导信息与所述第一镜像文件,生成目标文件。Step 102: Based on the system information of the Linux system, determine boot information that matches the system information of the Linux system, and generate a target file according to the boot information and the first image file.
示例性地,上述Linux系统的系统信息可以包括以下至少一项:系统类型,版本号。Exemplarily, the system information of the above-mentioned Linux system may include at least one of the following: system type, version number.
示例性地,根据被取证计算机安装的Linux系统的系统信息,可以从预设引导信息库中,找到与该Linux系统的系统信息相匹配的引导信息。Exemplarily, according to the system information of the Linux system installed on the forensic computer, boot information matching the system information of the Linux system can be found from a preset boot information base.
具体地,上述步骤102,可以包括以下步骤102a1和步骤102a2:Specifically, the
步骤102a1、从所述Linux系统的分区中确定目标分区。Step 102a1: Determine the target partition from the partitions of the Linux system.
步骤102a2、提取所述目标分区所包含数据,并生成所述目标分区的所述第一镜像文件。Step 102a2: Extract the data contained in the target partition, and generate the first image file of the target partition.
示例性地,在Linux系统中,可以通过数据描述(Data Description,DD)命令,提取Linux系统的目标分区中的数据。该DD命令主要用于Linux系统的文件的转换和复制。Exemplarily, in a Linux system, data in the target partition of the Linux system can be extracted through a data description (Data Description, DD) command. The DD command is mainly used to convert and copy files in Linux system.
示例性地,在提取到目标分区中的数据之后,可以使用提取到的数据生成第一镜像文件。该第一镜像文件可以为DD镜像文件。DD镜像具有兼容性强的优点,目前所有磁盘镜像和分析工具均支持DD镜像。并且,由于DD镜像为非压缩格式,在加载过程中无需进行解压缩,因此,DD镜像还具有速度快的优点。Exemplarily, after the data in the target partition is extracted, the first mirror file may be generated using the extracted data. The first image file may be a DD image file. DD mirroring has the advantage of strong compatibility. Currently, all disk mirroring and analysis tools support DD mirroring. Moreover, since the DD image is in an uncompressed format, there is no need to decompress it during the loading process. Therefore, the DD image also has the advantage of high speed.
示例性地,在获取到目标分区的DD镜像之后,需要进一步获取与上述被取证计算机安装的Linux系统的系统信息相匹配的引导信息。Exemplarily, after obtaining the DD image of the target partition, it is necessary to further obtain boot information that matches the system information of the Linux system installed on the forensic computer.
具体地,上述步骤102,可以包括以下步骤102b1和步骤102b2:Specifically, the
步骤102b1、解析所述第一镜像文件的文件系统,得到所述系统信息。Step 102b1: Parse the file system of the first image file to obtain the system information.
步骤102b2、基于所述系统信息,从预设引导信息库中确定与所述系统信息对应的引导信息。Step 102b2: Based on the system information, determine boot information corresponding to the system information from a preset boot information library.
其中,所述引导信息用于与所述系统信息对应的Linux系统的启动。The boot information is used for starting the Linux system corresponding to the system information.
示例性地,结合图2,对上述获取Linux系统的引导信息的过程进行描述。如图2所示,在获取到上述目标分区的分区镜像文件(即上述第一镜像文件)之后,由于缺少上述Linux系统的系统信息,因此,需要对上述第一镜像文件的文件系统进行解析,并得到上述Linux系统的系统信息和分区表类型(包括MBR分区或GPT分区)。之后,从预设引导信息库中获取到与解析出的系统信息对应的引导信息。Exemplarily, with reference to FIG. 2 , the above process of obtaining the boot information of the Linux system will be described. As shown in Figure 2, after obtaining the partition image file of the above-mentioned target partition (that is, the above-mentioned first image file), due to the lack of the system information of the above-mentioned Linux system, the file system of the above-mentioned first image file needs to be parsed, And get the system information and partition table type (including MBR partition or GPT partition) of the above Linux system. Afterwards, the bootstrap information corresponding to the parsed system information is acquired from the preset bootstrap information base.
上述预设引导信息库可以包括Linux各个发行版的引导信息,在获取到上述系统信息后,可以根据该系统信息,从上述预设引导信息库中匹配到对应的引导信息,进而得到基于该引导信息制作生成的引导镜像。需要说明的是,该引导镜像可以是预先生成的、且存储在上述预设信息库中,也可以是在获取到与上述系统信息匹配的引导信息后,基于该引导信息制作的。The above-mentioned preset guidance information base may include guidance information of various Linux distributions. After the above-mentioned system information is obtained, the corresponding guidance information can be matched from the above-mentioned preset guidance information base according to the system information, and then the information based on the guidance can be obtained. information to create the generated boot image. It should be noted that the boot image may be pre-generated and stored in the aforementioned preset information library, or may be created based on the boot information after obtaining boot information matching the aforementioned system information.
示例性地,在确定上述Linux系统运行所需的引导信息后,需要将该引导信息植入上述第一镜像文件中。Exemplarily, after determining the bootstrap information required for running the Linux system, the bootstrap information needs to be implanted into the first image file.
具体地,上述步骤102,可以包括以下步骤102c1和步骤102c2:Specifically, the
步骤102c1、获取包含所述引导信息的第二镜像文件。Step 102c1: Obtain a second image file containing the bootstrap information.
步骤102c2、将所述第一镜像文件与所述第二镜像文件进行拼接,得到所述目标文件。Step 102c2, splicing the first image file and the second image file to obtain the target file.
示例性地,上述第二镜像文件为基于上述引导信息制作的镜像文件,该第二镜像文件中包含Linux系统启动所需的引导信息。该第二镜像文件也可以为DD镜像。上述目标文件为虚拟机可以直接加载的文件,虚拟机加载该目标文件后,便可以在模拟环境下运行上述Linux系统。Exemplarily, the above-mentioned second image file is an image file made based on the above-mentioned boot information, and the second image file includes the boot information required for starting the Linux system. The second image file may also be a DD image. The above-mentioned target file is a file that can be directly loaded by the virtual machine. After the virtual machine loads the target file, the above-mentioned Linux system can be run in the simulation environment.
在一种可能的实现方式中,上述目标文件可以为虚拟磁盘(VMWare VirtualMachine Disk Format,VMDK)文件,为了生成该虚拟磁盘文件,可以调用VMWare的应用程序接口(Application Programming Interface,API),将上述第一镜像文件和第二镜像文件进行拼接,生成虚拟磁盘文件。In a possible implementation manner, the above-mentioned target file may be a virtual disk (VMWare VirtualMachine Disk Format, VMDK) file, in order to generate the virtual disk file, an application programming interface (Application Programming Interface, API) of VMWare can be called, and the above The first image file and the second image file are spliced to generate a virtual disk file.
示例性地,结合图2,对得到上述目标文件的过程进行说明。在从上述预设引导信息库中获取到与上述系统信息匹配的引导信息后,可以进一步获取到该引导信息对应的引导镜像文件(即上述第二镜像文件)。之后,将分区镜像文件(即上述第一镜像文件)与引导镜像文件进行拼接,生成虚拟磁盘文件(即上述目标文件),该虚拟磁盘文件可以在虚拟机中加载,对上述Linux系统进行仿真。Exemplarily, with reference to FIG. 2 , the process of obtaining the above target file will be described. After the boot information matching the system information is obtained from the preset boot information library, the boot image file corresponding to the guide information (ie, the second image file) can be further obtained. Afterwards, the partition image file (that is, the above-mentioned first image file) is spliced with the boot image file to generate a virtual disk file (that is, the above-mentioned target file), and the virtual disk file can be loaded in a virtual machine to simulate the above-mentioned Linux system.
需要说明的是,上述分区镜像文件可以为DD镜像文件,例如CentOS x64-2-s001.dd;上述引导镜像文件可以为DD镜像文件,例如,CentOS x64-2-s002.dd。It should be noted that the partition image file may be a DD image file, such as CentOS x64-2-s001.dd; the boot image file may be a DD image file, such as CentOS x64-2-s002.dd.
步骤103、基于所述目标文件,对包含所述目标分区的Linux系统进行仿真。Step 103: Based on the target file, simulate the Linux system including the target partition.
示例性地,在获取到上述目标文件后,可以基于该目标文件,实现对上述被取证计算机上安装的Linux系统的仿真。Exemplarily, after the above-mentioned target file is obtained, the simulation of the Linux system installed on the above-mentioned forensic computer can be realized based on the above-mentioned target file.
示例性地,上述目标文件可以为虚拟磁盘文件,上述步骤103,可以包括以下步骤103a:Exemplarily, the above-mentioned target file may be a virtual disk file, and the above-mentioned
步骤103a、创建与所述系统信息相匹配的虚拟机,并将所述虚拟磁盘文件加载到所述虚拟机中,在模拟环境中运行所述Linux系统。Step 103a: Create a virtual machine matching the system information, load the virtual disk file into the virtual machine, and run the Linux system in a simulation environment.
示例性地,在加载虚拟磁盘文件之前,需要创建与被取证计算机上安装的Linux系统的系统版本对应的虚拟机。之后,才能够在该虚拟机中加载上述虚拟磁盘文件。Exemplarily, before loading the virtual disk file, a virtual machine corresponding to the system version of the Linux system installed on the forensic computer needs to be created. After that, the above virtual disk file can be loaded in the virtual machine.
示例性地,在在该虚拟机中加载上述虚拟磁盘文件后,启动该虚拟机,在该虚拟机的模拟环境中运行上述Linux系统。Exemplarily, after the virtual disk file is loaded in the virtual machine, the virtual machine is started, and the Linux system is run in the simulation environment of the virtual machine.
可以理解的是,由于在取证过程中,只提取到了Linux系统的目标分区的数据,因此,在虚拟机中运行的Linux系统,仅包含目标分区中的数据。It is understandable that, since only the data of the target partition of the Linux system is extracted during the forensics process, the Linux system running in the virtual machine only contains the data of the target partition.
本申请实施例提供的Linux系统分区镜像文件的仿真方法,在获取到Linux系统的目标分区的第一镜像文件之后,由于该第一镜像文件中未包含引导信息,因此,需要将对应的引导信息植入该第一镜像文件。具体地,可以基于所述Linux系统的系统信息,确定与所述Linux系统的系统信息相匹配的引导信息,并根据所述引导信息与所述第一镜像文件,生成目标文件。最后,基于该目标文件,对包含目标分区的Linux系统进行仿真,进而达到对该Linux系统的取证的目的。In the method for simulating a Linux system partition image file provided by the embodiment of the present application, after the first image file of the target partition of the Linux system is obtained, since the first image file does not contain boot information, the corresponding boot information needs to be The first image file is implanted. Specifically, based on the system information of the Linux system, boot information matching the system information of the Linux system may be determined, and a target file may be generated according to the boot information and the first image file. Finally, based on the target file, the Linux system including the target partition is simulated to achieve the purpose of forensics of the Linux system.
需要说明的是,本申请实施例提供的Linux系统分区镜像文件的仿真方法,执行主体可以为Linux系统分区镜像文件的仿真装置,或者该Linux系统分区镜像文件的仿真装置中的用于执行Linux系统分区镜像文件的仿真方法的控制模块。本申请实施例中以Linux系统分区镜像文件的仿真装置执行Linux系统分区镜像文件的仿真方法为例,说明本申请实施例提供的Linux系统分区镜像文件的仿真装置。It should be noted that, in the simulation method of the Linux system partition mirror file provided by the embodiment of the present application, the execution subject can be a simulation device of the Linux system partition mirror file, or a simulation device for executing the Linux system in the simulation device of the Linux system partition mirror file. A control module for the simulation method of partition image files. In the embodiments of the present application, the emulation device for the Linux system partition mirror file provided by the embodiments of the present application is described by taking the simulation method for executing the Linux system partition mirror file by the simulation device of the Linux system partition mirror file as an example.
需要说明的是,本申请实施例中,上述各个方法附图所示的。Linux系统分区镜像文件的仿真方法均是以结合本申请实施例中的一个附图为例示例性的说明的。具体实现时,上述各个方法附图所示的Linux系统分区镜像文件的仿真方法还可以结合上述实施例中示意的其它可以结合的任意附图实现,此处不再赘述。It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present application, the above methods are shown in the accompanying drawings. The methods for simulating a Linux system partition image file are all exemplarily described with reference to a figure in the embodiments of the present application. During specific implementation, the method for simulating a Linux system partition image file shown in the drawings of each of the above methods can also be implemented in combination with any other drawings shown in the above embodiments that can be combined, which will not be repeated here.
下面对本申请提供的Linux系统分区镜像文件的仿真装置进行描述,下文描述的与上文描述的Linux系统分区镜像文件的仿真方法可相互对应参照。The following describes the simulation device for the Linux system partition mirror file provided by the present application, and the following description and the above-described simulation method for the Linux system partition mirror file can be referred to each other correspondingly.
图3为本申请一实施例提供的Linux系统分区镜像文件的仿真装置的结构会示意图,如图3所示,具体包括:3 is a schematic diagram of a structure meeting of an emulation device for a Linux system partition image file provided by an embodiment of the application, as shown in FIG. 3 , and specifically includes:
获取模块301,用于获取Linux系统的目标分区的第一镜像文件;所述目标分区为所述Linux系统的引导分区之外的分区;生成模块302,用于基于所述Linux系统的系统信息,确定与所述Linux系统的系统信息相匹配的引导信息,并根据所述引导信息与所述第一镜像文件,生成目标文件;仿真模块303,用于基于所述目标文件,对包含所述目标分区的Linux系统进行仿真。The obtaining
可选地,所述装置还包括:确定模块;所述确定模块,用于从所述Linux系统的分区中确定目标分区;所述生成模块302,具体用于提取所述目标分区所包含数据,并生成所述目标分区的所述第一镜像文件。Optionally, the apparatus further includes: a determining module; the determining module is used to determine a target partition from the partitions of the Linux system; the
可选地,所述装置还包括:解析模块;所述解析模块,用于解析所述第一镜像文件的文件系统,得到所述系统信息;所述确定模块,还用于基于所述系统信息,从预设引导信息库中确定与所述系统信息对应的引导信息;其中,所述引导信息用于与所述系统信息对应的Linux系统的启动。Optionally, the apparatus further includes: a parsing module; the parsing module is configured to parse the file system of the first image file to obtain the system information; the determining module is further configured to based on the system information , and determine the bootstrap information corresponding to the system information from the preset bootstrap information database; wherein, the bootstrap information is used for starting the Linux system corresponding to the system information.
可选地,所述获取模块301,还用于获取包含所述引导信息的第二镜像文件;所述生成模块302,具体用于将所述第一镜像文件与所述第二镜像文件进行拼接,得到所述目标文件。Optionally, the obtaining
可选地,所述目标文件为虚拟磁盘文件;所述仿真模块303,具体用于创建与所述系统信息相匹配的虚拟机,并将所述虚拟磁盘文件加载到所述虚拟机中,在模拟环境中运行所述Linux系统。Optionally, the target file is a virtual disk file; the
本申请提供的Linux系统分区镜像文件的仿真装置,在获取到Linux系统的目标分区的第一镜像文件之后,由于该第一镜像文件中未包含引导信息,因此,需要将对应的引导信息植入该第一镜像文件。具体地,可以基于所述Linux系统的系统信息,确定与所述Linux系统的系统信息相匹配的引导信息,并根据所述引导信息与所述第一镜像文件,生成目标文件。最后,基于该目标文件,对包含目标分区的Linux系统进行仿真,进而达到对该Linux系统的取证的目的。The simulation device for the Linux system partition image file provided by the present application, after obtaining the first image file of the target partition of the Linux system, since the first image file does not contain boot information, the corresponding boot information needs to be implanted the first image file. Specifically, based on the system information of the Linux system, boot information matching the system information of the Linux system may be determined, and a target file may be generated according to the boot information and the first image file. Finally, based on the target file, the Linux system including the target partition is simulated to achieve the purpose of forensics of the Linux system.
图4示例了一种电子设备的实体结构示意图,如图4所示,该电子设备可以包括:处理器(processor)410、通信接口(Communications Interface)420、存储器(memory)430和通信总线440,其中,处理器410,通信接口420,存储器430通过通信总线440完成相互间的通信。处理器410可以调用存储器430中的逻辑指令,以执行Linux系统分区镜像文件的仿真方法,该方法包括:获取Linux系统的目标分区的第一镜像文件;所述目标分区为所述Linux系统的引导分区之外的分区;基于所述Linux系统的系统信息,确定与所述Linux系统的系统信息相匹配的引导信息,并根据所述引导信息与所述第一镜像文件,生成目标文件;基于所述目标文件,对包含所述目标分区的Linux系统进行仿真。FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic diagram of the physical structure of an electronic device. As shown in FIG. 4 , the electronic device may include: a processor (processor) 410, a communication interface (Communications Interface) 420, a memory (memory) 430, and a
此外,上述的存储器430中的逻辑指令可以通过软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时,可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解,本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来,该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中,包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机,服务器,或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括:U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM,Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM,Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。In addition, the above-mentioned logic instructions in the
另一方面,本申请还提供一种计算机程序产品,所述计算机程序产品包括存储在计算机可读存储介质上的计算机程序,所述计算机程序包括程序指令,当所述程序指令被计算机执行时,计算机能够执行上述各方法所提供的Linux系统分区镜像文件的仿真方法,该方法包括:获取Linux系统的目标分区的第一镜像文件;所述目标分区为所述Linux系统的引导分区之外的分区;基于所述Linux系统的系统信息,确定与所述Linux系统的系统信息相匹配的引导信息,并根据所述引导信息与所述第一镜像文件,生成目标文件;基于所述目标文件,对包含所述目标分区的Linux系统进行仿真。On the other hand, the present application also provides a computer program product, the computer program product includes a computer program stored on a computer-readable storage medium, the computer program includes program instructions, and when the program instructions are executed by a computer, The computer can execute the simulation method of the Linux system partition mirror file provided by the above methods, the method includes: obtaining the first mirror file of the target partition of the Linux system; the target partition is a partition other than the boot partition of the Linux system ; Based on the system information of the Linux system, determine the guide information that matches the system information of the Linux system, and generate a target file according to the guide information and the first image file; Based on the target file, to The Linux system containing the target partition is simulated.
又一方面,本申请还提供一种计算机可读存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序,该计算机程序被处理器执行时实现以执行上述各提供的Linux系统分区镜像文件的仿真方法,该方法包括:获取Linux系统的目标分区的第一镜像文件;所述目标分区为所述Linux系统的引导分区之外的分区;基于所述Linux系统的系统信息,确定与所述Linux系统的系统信息相匹配的引导信息,并根据所述引导信息与所述第一镜像文件,生成目标文件;基于所述目标文件,对包含所述目标分区的Linux系统进行仿真。In another aspect, the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the computer program is implemented to execute the above-mentioned simulation methods for the Linux system partition image file provided, the method comprising: : obtain the first image file of the target partition of the Linux system; the target partition is a partition other than the boot partition of the Linux system; based on the system information of the Linux system, determine to match the system information of the Linux system and generate a target file according to the boot information and the first image file; based on the target file, simulate the Linux system including the target partition.
以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的,其中所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的,作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元,即可以位于一个地方,或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部模块来实现本实施例方案的目的。本领域普通技术人员在不付出创造性的劳动的情况下,即可以理解并实施。The device embodiments described above are only illustrative, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in One place, or it can be distributed over multiple network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution in this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without creative effort.
通过以上的实施方式的描述,本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到各实施方式可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现,当然也可以通过硬件。基于这样的理解,上述技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来,该计算机软件产品可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中,如ROM/RAM、磁碟、光盘等,包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机,服务器,或者网络设备等)执行各个实施例或者实施例的某些部分所述的方法。From the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above-mentioned technical solutions can be embodied in the form of software products in essence or the parts that make contributions to the prior art, and the computer software products can be stored in computer-readable storage media, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic A disc, an optical disc, etc., includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform the methods described in various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
最后应说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it can still be The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments are modified, or some technical features thereof are equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application.
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