CN114517597B - Foldable prism structure with rotary motion - Google Patents
Foldable prism structure with rotary motion Download PDFInfo
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- CN114517597B CN114517597B CN202210135396.5A CN202210135396A CN114517597B CN 114517597 B CN114517597 B CN 114517597B CN 202210135396 A CN202210135396 A CN 202210135396A CN 114517597 B CN114517597 B CN 114517597B
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- 239000011165 3D composite Substances 0.000 description 6
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
- E04H1/02—Dwelling houses; Buildings for temporary habitation, e.g. summer houses
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D5/00—Rigid or semi-rigid containers of polygonal cross-section, e.g. boxes, cartons or trays, formed by folding or erecting one or more blanks made of paper
- B65D5/02—Rigid or semi-rigid containers of polygonal cross-section, e.g. boxes, cartons or trays, formed by folding or erecting one or more blanks made of paper by folding or erecting a single blank to form a tubular body with or without subsequent folding operations, or the addition of separate elements, to close the ends of the body
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
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- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
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- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a foldable prism structure with rotary motion, which comprises a top surface, a bottom surface and more than three modules; the top surface is a regular polygon with the edge number more than or equal to 3; the bottom surface is a regular polygon congruent with the top surface; the number of the modules is the same as the number of the sides of the top surface, the structures of the modules are the same, each module comprises four congruent right-angled triangle surfaces, namely a first surface, a second surface, a third surface and a fourth surface, and the first surface, the second surface, the third surface and the fourth surface in each module are sequentially connected; the top surface and the bottom surface are parallel, and the top surface and the bottom surface are respectively positioned at the top and the bottom of the foldable prism structure; each module is placed between the top and bottom surfaces; one side of the first face of each module is connected with one side of the top face, and one side of the fourth face of each corresponding module is connected with one side of the bottom face.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of foldable prism structures, in particular to a foldable prism structure with large folding ratio and rotary motion.
Background
The collapsible structure is a geometrically controllable, variable structure that enables a transition between a tightly collapsed state and a target expanded state. When the structure is in a folded state, the structure has a small volume, is convenient to store and transport, and can meet the requirement of normal work when in an unfolded state. The foldable structure has good folding characteristics, and is widely applied to various engineering fields, such as foldable satellite antennas, foldable solar cell arrays and foldable wings in the aerospace field, temporary tents, foldable domes, foldable furniture in the civil construction field, foldable vascular stents, surgical forceps in the biomedical field and the like.
The existing foldable structures are various, and can be divided into one-dimensional rod-shaped foldable structures, two-dimensional plane-shaped foldable structures and three-dimensional body-shaped foldable structures according to the geometric forms of the target unfolded states. The one-dimensional rod-shaped foldable structure mainly relates to the folding and unfolding in a single direction, such as a space stretching arm; the two-dimensional planar foldable structure mainly relates to folding and unfolding of a plane and a curved surface, such as a solar cell array and a satellite antenna; the three-dimensional foldable structure mainly relates to folding and unfolding of spherical surfaces, polyhedrons, prisms and the like, and most of the foldable structures adopt non-rigid deformation to realize folding and unfolding, such as an automobile safety airbag and a flexible space capsule. At present, a part of three-dimensional body-shaped foldable structures can realize rigid folding, such as a patent of ' a foldable box structure with plane symmetrical motion ' (publication number: CN 111776402A) ' a single-degree-of-freedom foldable box structure ' (publication number: CN 109353634B) ' a foldable box structure with symmetrical arrangement of revolute pairs ' (publication number: CN 111846510A) ' the rigid folding of each component plane of a prism is realized by removing the upper bottom surface of the prism structure and designing folds on the side surfaces. However, the present prism structure has a relatively small application for maintaining a prism state having a closed inner space and realizing rigid folding, and has a disadvantage of not having a large folding-unfolding ratio.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a foldable prism structure with rotary motion. The structure has a prismatic state, an unfolded state and a folded state; the prism state forms a closed inner space, and has good rigidity; the unfolded state has a larger working space; the volume is smaller when folding, and the storage and the transportation are convenient. The structure is simple, the rotation direction is variable, the geometric parameter is adjustable, and the mass production can be carried out. Based on the advantages, the invention has important significance and wide application prospect in the fields of storage, packaging, civil engineering, construction, aerospace, chiral materials and the like.
The invention aims at realizing the following technical scheme:
a foldable prism structure with rotary motion comprises a top surface, a bottom surface and more than three modules; the top surface is a regular polygon with the edge number more than or equal to 3; the bottom surface is a regular polygon congruent with the top surface; the number of the modules is the same as the number of the sides of the top surface, the structures of the modules are the same, each module comprises four congruent right-angled triangle surfaces, namely a first surface, a second surface, a third surface and a fourth surface, and the first surface, the second surface, the third surface and the fourth surface in each module are sequentially connected;
The top surface and the bottom surface are parallel, and the top surface and the bottom surface are respectively positioned at the top and the bottom of the foldable prism structure; each module is placed between the top and bottom surfaces; one side of the first surface of each module is connected with one side of the top surface, and one side of the fourth surface of each corresponding module is connected with one side of the bottom surface;
the first surface is adjacent to the second surface and is connected with each other through a first revolute pair, the second surface is adjacent to the third surface and is connected with each other through a second revolute pair, and the third surface is adjacent to the fourth surface and is connected with each other through a third revolute pair; the top surface is adjacent to the first surface of the module and is connected with each other through an upper rotating pair of the module; the bottom surface is adjacent to the fourth surface of the same module and is connected with each other through a lower rotating pair of the module;
in the unfolding and folding processes of the foldable prism structure, when the top surface and the bottom surface are kept parallel and the geometric centers are positioned on the same axis, namely the central axis, the top surface can do rotary motion relative to the bottom surface around the central axis in space; the geometric center of the top surface makes linear motion relative to the bottom surface along the central axis; the modules are spatially rotationally symmetrical with respect to the central axis.
Further, by the mirror image operation, a foldable prism structure having opposite rotational movements during unfolding and folding can be obtained.
Further, folding of the thick plate prism structure is achieved by adding thickness to the out-of-plane direction of each face of the foldable prism structure.
Further, the change of the number of the modules is determined by changing the number of the sides of the regular polygon of the top surface and the bottom surface, so that the change of the movement characteristics of the foldable prism structure is realized.
Further, through the combination of the connection of the bottom surface and the top surface, the connection of the side surface and the two connection modes among the plurality of foldable prism structures, the combination among the plurality of mirror-image foldable prism structures and the combination among the plurality of foldable prism structures and the mirror-image foldable prism structures are realized.
Further, by changing the size of the right triangle, different folding ratios and different working spaces are obtained.
Further, the revolute pair is one of a hinge, a hinge or a bearing.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the folding state of the foldable prism structure is two layers of plate thicknesses, the prism state is the total height of the prism, the folding ratio is large, the prism structure can be unfolded and completely folded flat, and the folding state is regular in shape and convenient to store and transport.
2. The foldable prism structure can be subjected to mirror image operation to obtain a mirror image foldable prism structure with opposite rotation directions, and the two structures are chiral structures, so that the foldable prism structure has potential application prospects in structural design of chiral materials.
3. The foldable prism structure can freely select the polygonal structure of the bottom surface, design the sizes of the foldable prism structure and the kinematic pair according to the requirements, has an internal cavity which can be flexibly designed in a prism state, has large design space, and is favorable for developing innovative designs in the aspects of packaging, furniture, civil engineering, the foldable structure and the like.
4. The foldable prism has a simple structure and is convenient for processing, manufacturing and mass production.
5. The foldable prism structure can be combined in series of two or even more, and each foldable prism structure can be used as an independent control unit through a driving design, so that a new scheme is provided for the design of a driving arm of a robot.
6. The foldable prism structure can be combined in four or even more two-dimensional and three-dimensional modes to form a foldable prism combined structure with larger folding ratio and larger prism state working space, and can be applied to the design of space residence and extraterrestrial building groups.
7. The foldable prism combination structure can improve the rigidity and strength of the prism structure by designing the thickness of each surface and selecting proper materials according to the requirements, and can be used for designing the foldable vibration reduction energy absorption structure.
8. The folding and unfolding prism combination structure has the advantages that the connection among the prism structures is simple, and the design of the spatial self-assembled folding and unfolding structure is convenient.
Drawings
Fig. 1-1 is a schematic plan view of a module according to the present invention, and fig. 1-2 and fig. 1-3 are schematic structural views of a partially folded state of the module and a mirror image thereof, respectively, as modules constituting a foldable prism structure.
Fig. 2-1 is a schematic view illustrating an unfolded state of a foldable triangular prism structure according to an embodiment, and fig. 2-2 to fig. 5 are schematic views illustrating sequential unfolding and folding of the foldable triangular prism structure according to an embodiment.
Fig. 3-1 is a schematic view illustrating an unfolded state of a mirror image structure of a foldable triangular prism structure according to an embodiment, and fig. 3-2 to 3-5 are schematic views illustrating sequential unfolding and folding of a mirror image structure of a foldable triangular prism structure according to an embodiment.
Fig. 4-1 is a schematic diagram of a combination connection of two triangular prism structures in a foldable triangular prism combination structure, fig. 4-2 is a prismatic state of the combination structure, fig. 4-3 is an unfolding intermediate state of the combination structure, fig. 4-4 is a fully unfolded state of the combination structure, and fig. 4-5 is a fully folded state of the combination structure.
Fig. 5-1 is a schematic diagram showing a combination connection of a foldable triangular prism structure and a mirror image structure thereof, fig. 5-2 is a prism state of the combination structure, fig. 5-3 is an unfolding intermediate state of the combination structure, fig. 5-4 is a fully unfolded state of the combination structure, and fig. 5-5 is a fully folded state of the combination structure. Fig. 5-6 are two-dimensional combinations of three foldable triangular prism structures and three mirror image triangular prism structures, and fig. 5-7 to 5-10 are prism states, unfolded intermediate states, fully unfolded states and fully folded states of the two-dimensional combination structures, respectively. Fig. 5-11 are three-dimensional combined connection schematic diagrams of six foldable triangular prism structures and six mirror image structures, and fig. 5-12 to 5-15 are prism states, unfolded intermediate states, fully unfolded states and fully folded states of the three-dimensional combined structures, respectively.
Fig. 6-1 is a schematic structural diagram of an unfolded state of the foldable quadrangular prism structure of the second embodiment, and fig. 6-2 to 6-5 are schematic diagrams of sequential unfolding and folding of the foldable quadrangular prism structure of the second embodiment.
Fig. 7-1 is a schematic view showing an unfolded state of a mirror image structure of a foldable quadrangular prism structure according to the second embodiment, and fig. 7-2 to 7-5 are schematic views showing sequential unfolding and folding of the mirror image structure of the foldable quadrangular prism structure according to the second embodiment.
Fig. 8-1 is a schematic diagram of a combination connection of two quadrangular prism structures in a foldable quadrangular prism combination structure, fig. 8-2 is a prismatic state of the combination structure, fig. 8-3 is an unfolding intermediate state of the combination structure, fig. 8-4 is a fully unfolded state of the combination structure, and fig. 8-5 is a fully folded state of the combination structure.
Fig. 9-1 is a schematic diagram showing a combination connection of a foldable quadrangular prism structure and a mirror image structure thereof, fig. 9-2 is a prismatic state of the combined structure, fig. 9-3 is an unfolded intermediate state of the combined structure, fig. 9-4 is a fully unfolded state of the combined structure, and fig. 9-5 is a fully folded state of the combined structure. Fig. 9-6 are two-dimensional combined connection diagrams of two foldable quadrangular prism structures and two mirror image quadrangular prism structures, and fig. 9-7 to 9-10 are respectively a prismatic state, an unfolded intermediate state, a fully unfolded state and a fully folded state of the two-dimensional combined structures. Fig. 9-11 are schematic diagrams of three-dimensional composite connection of four foldable quadrangular prism structures and four mirror image structures thereof, and fig. 9-12 to 9-15 are prism states, unfolded intermediate states, fully unfolded states and fully folded states of the three-dimensional composite structures, respectively.
Fig. 10-1 is a schematic structural view showing an unfolded state of the foldable pentagonal prism structure according to the third embodiment, and fig. 10-2 to 10-5 are schematic structural views showing sequential unfolding and folding of the foldable pentagonal prism structure according to the third embodiment.
Fig. 11-1 is a schematic view showing an unfolded state of the mirror image structure of the third foldable pentagonal prism structure, and fig. 11-2 to 11-5 are schematic views showing sequential unfolding and folding of the mirror image structure of the third foldable pentagonal prism structure.
Fig. 12-1 is a schematic diagram showing the combined connection of two pentagonal prism structures in a foldable pentagonal prism combination structure, fig. 12-2 is a prismatic state of the combination structure, fig. 12-3 is an unfolded intermediate state of the combination structure, fig. 12-4 is a fully unfolded state of the combination structure, and fig. 12-5 is a fully folded state of the combination structure.
Fig. 13-1 is a schematic diagram showing a combination connection of a foldable pentagonal prism structure and a mirror image structure thereof, fig. 13-2 is a prism state of the combination structure, fig. 13-3 is an unfolding intermediate state of the combination structure, fig. 13-4 is a fully unfolded state of the combination structure, and fig. 13-5 is a fully folded state of the combination structure.
Fig. 14-1 is a schematic structural view showing an unfolded state of the structure of the fourth foldable hexagonal prism of the embodiment, and fig. 14-2 to 14-5 are schematic structural views showing sequential unfolding and folding of the structure of the fourth foldable hexagonal prism of the embodiment.
Fig. 15-1 is a schematic view showing an unfolded state of the mirror image structure of the fourth foldable hexagonal structure, and fig. 15-2 to 15-5 are schematic views showing sequential unfolding and folding of the mirror image structure of the fourth foldable hexagonal structure.
Fig. 16-1 is a schematic diagram showing a combined connection of two hexagonal prism structures in a foldable hexagonal prism combination structure, fig. 16-2 is a prismatic state of the combination structure, fig. 16-3 is an unfolded intermediate state of the combination structure, fig. 16-4 is a fully unfolded state of the combination structure, and fig. 16-5 is a fully folded state of the combination structure.
Fig. 17-1 is a schematic diagram showing a combination connection of a foldable hexagonal prism structure and a mirror image structure thereof, fig. 17-2 is a prism state of the combination structure, fig. 17-3 is an unfolded intermediate state of the combination structure, fig. 17-4 is a fully unfolded state of the combination structure, and fig. 17-5 is a fully folded state of the combination structure. Fig. 17-6 are two-dimensional composite connection diagrams of two foldable hexagonal structures and two mirrored hexagonal structures, and fig. 17-7 to 17-10 are respectively a prismatic state, an unfolded intermediate state, a fully unfolded state and a fully folded state of the two-dimensional composite structures. Fig. 17-11 are schematic views of three-dimensional composite connection of four foldable hexagonal structures and four mirrored hexagonal structures thereof, and fig. 17-12-17-15 are respectively a prismatic state, an unfolded intermediate state, a fully unfolded state and a fully folded state of the three-dimensional composite structure.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment one:
FIG. 1-1 is a module deployment pattern of a collapsible prism structure of the present invention, the pattern comprising four congruent triangles with right-angled sides a, b, the first, second, third and fourth faces of the four congruent triangles being A1, A2, A3 and A4, respectively; the first surface A1 is adjacent to the second surface A2 and is connected with each other through a first revolute pair L1, the second surface A2 is adjacent to the third surface A3 and is connected with each other through a second revolute pair L2, the third surface A3 is adjacent to the fourth surface A4 and is connected with each other through a third revolute pair L3, and the second surface A3 and the third surface A3 are folded outwards around the center line of the solid line revolute pair to form a convex shape, and the folded shape of the module is shown in fig. 1-2, so that the module with the foldable prism structure is formed. The mirror image operation is carried out on the module, so that a mirror image module with a foldable prism structure is formed, the shape of the module is shown in figures 1-3, the surface of the mirror image module and the revolute pair are unchanged, and all the solid revolute pairs are folded along the opposite directions. Where a, b represents the right angle side length of the right triangle in the module.
As shown in fig. 2-1, the present embodiment provides an expanded state structure of a foldable triangular prism having a rotational motion, including a top surface B1, a bottom surface B2, and three modules I1, I2, I3. The top surface B1 and the bottom surface B2 are congruent regular triangles, and the structural parameters of the three modules I1, I2 and I3 are the same.
The top surface B1 and the bottom surface B2 are arranged in parallel and respectively serve as the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the foldable prism structure; the top surface B1 is adjacent to the first surface of the module I1 and is connected with each other through a first upper revolute pair M1 of the module I1, the top surface B1 is adjacent to the first surface of the module I2 and is connected with each other through a second upper revolute pair M2 of the module I2, and the top surface B1 is adjacent to the first surface of the module I3 and is connected with each other through a third upper revolute pair M3 of the module I2; the bottom surface B2 is adjacent to the fourth surface of the module I1 and is connected with each other through the lower revolute pair four M4 of the module I1, the bottom surface B2 is adjacent to the fourth surface of the module I2 and is connected with each other through the lower revolute pair five M5 of the module I2, and the bottom surface B2 is adjacent to the fourth surface of the module I3 and is connected with each other through the lower revolute pair six M6 of the module I3, so that a foldable triangular prism structure is formed.
In accordance with the arrangement and connection of the top and bottom surfaces and the modules of the foldable triangular prism structure described above, fig. 2-2 to 2-5 illustrate sequential unfolding and folding processes of the foldable triangular prism structure. Fig. 2-2 shows a prism state of the foldable triangular prism structure, fig. 2-3 shows an unfolded intermediate state, fig. 2-4 shows a fully unfolded state, and fig. 2-5 shows a fully folded state.
When the foldable triangular prism structure is unfolded and folded, the top surface B1 and the bottom surface B2 are kept parallel and the geometric center is located on the central axis S1, the top surface B1 spatially rotates anticlockwise relative to the bottom surface B2 around the central axis S1; the geometric center of the top surface moves linearly along the central axis S1 relative to the bottom surface B2; the modules I1, I2, I3 are spatially rotationally symmetrical with respect to the central axis S1.
The mirror-image foldable triangular prism structure shown in fig. 3-1 is formed by mirror-image operation of the foldable triangular prism structure in fig. 2-1. The mirror image foldable triangular prism structure is unchanged in surface, module and revolute pair, and when the top surface B1 and the bottom surface B2 are kept parallel and the geometric center is located on the central axis S1 in the unfolding and folding processes, the top surface B1 can rotate clockwise around the central axis S1 in space relative to the bottom surface B2; the geometric center of the top surface moves linearly along the central axis S1 relative to the bottom surface B2; the modules I1, I2, I3 are spatially rotationally symmetrical with respect to the central axis S1. Fig. 3-2 shows a prism state of a mirror-image foldable triangular prism structure, fig. 3-3 shows an unfolded intermediate state, fig. 3-4 shows a fully unfolded state, and fig. 3-5 shows a fully folded state.
As shown in fig. 4-1, the aforementioned foldable triangular prism structure may be combined with two foldable triangular prism structures by the middle regular triangular surface B3 to construct a foldable prism structure having a larger folding ratio. Wherein, the foldable triangular prism structure T1 omits the top surface B1 of the foldable triangular prism structure T1, and the foldable triangular prism structure T2 omits the bottom surface B2 of the foldable triangular prism structure T2; next, the foldable triangular prism structure T1, the regular triangular surface B3 and the foldable triangular prism structure T2 are connected to each other by a foldable triangular prism combination structure revolute pair seven M7, a revolute pair eight M8 and a revolute pair nine M9. Fig. 4-2 to 4-5 illustrate the unfolding and folding process of the combined structure in the combined manner of the foldable triangular prism structure shown in fig. 4-1. Fig. 4-2 shows a prism state of the foldable triangular prism combination structure, fig. 4-3 shows an unfolded intermediate state of the combination structure, fig. 4-4 shows a fully unfolded state of the combination structure, and fig. 4-5 shows a fully folded state of the combination structure.
As shown in fig. 5-1, the foldable triangular prism structure T3 and its mirror image foldable triangular prism structure T4 may be combined by the middle regular triangular surface B4 to construct a foldable prism structure with a larger folding ratio. The foldable triangular prism structure T3 omits the top surface B1 of the foldable triangular prism structure T3, and the foldable triangular prism structure T4 omits the bottom surface B2 of the foldable triangular prism structure T4; next, the foldable triangular prism structure T3, the regular triangular surface B4 and the foldable triangular prism structure T4 are connected to each other by the foldable triangular prism combination structure revolute pair ten M10, the revolute pair eleven M11 and the revolute pair twelve M12. Fig. 5-2 to 5-5 illustrate the unfolding and folding process of the hybrid composite structure in accordance with the combination of the foldable triangular prism structures shown in fig. 5-1. Fig. 5-2 shows a prism state of the hybrid foldable triangular prism combination structure, fig. 5-3 shows an unfolded intermediate state of the combination structure, fig. 5-4 shows a fully unfolded state of the combination structure, and fig. 5-5 shows a fully folded state of the combination structure.
As shown in fig. 5-6, three foldable triangular prism structures T5, T7, T9 and three mirror image foldable triangular prism structures T6, T8, T10 are respectively connected with each other through corresponding foldable triangular prism combination structures including a revolute pair thirteen M13, a revolute pair fourteen M14, a revolute pair fifteen M15, a revolute pair sixteen M16, a revolute pair seventeen M17 and a revolute pair eighteen M18 to form a closed loop structure; then, according to the connected revolute pairs, the side surfaces of two adjacent triangular prism structures are shared, so that the shearing fork mechanisms are formed at the corresponding connected revolute pair positions of the surfaces B5 and B6, the surfaces B7 and B8, the surfaces B9 and B10, the surfaces B11 and B12, the surfaces B13 and B14 and the surfaces B15 and B16. Fig. 5-7 to 5-10 illustrate the unfolding and folding process of the two-dimensional combination structure of the foldable triangular prism in the combination manner of the foldable triangular prism structure shown in fig. 5-6. Fig. 5 to 7 are prism states of a two-dimensional combination structure of a foldable triangular prism, fig. 5 to 8 are unfolding intermediate states of the combination structure, fig. 5 to 9 are fully unfolded states of the combination structure, and fig. 5 to 10 are fully folded states of the combination structure.
As shown in fig. 5 to 11, six foldable triangular prism structures T11, T13, T15, T18, T20, T22 and six mirror-image foldable triangular prism structures T12, T14, T16, T17, T19, T21 are respectively connected with each other by a corresponding foldable triangular prism combination structure turning pair nineteen M19, a turning pair twenty M20, a turning pair twenty-one M21, a turning pair twenty-two M22, a turning pair twenty-three M23, a turning pair twenty-four M24, a turning pair twenty-five M25, a turning pair twenty-six M26, a turning pair twenty-seven M27, a turning pair twenty-eight M28, a turning pair twenty-nine M29, and a turning pair thirty-M30; then, according to the connected revolute pairs, the side surfaces of two adjacent triangular prism structures are shared, so that the shearing mechanism is formed at the corresponding connected revolute pair positions of the surfaces B17 and B18, B19 and B20, B21 and B22, B23 and B24, B25 and B26, B27 and B28, B29 and B30, B31 and B32, B33 and B34, B35 and B36, B37 and B38 and B39 and B40. Fig. 5-12 to 5-15 illustrate the unfolding and folding process of the three-dimensional combination structure of the foldable triangular prism in the combination of the foldable triangular prism structures shown in fig. 5-11. Fig. 5 to 12 show prism states of the three-dimensional combination structure of the foldable triangular prism, fig. 5 to 13 show unfolding intermediate states of the combination structure, fig. 5 to 14 show fully unfolded states of the combination structure, and fig. 5 to 15 show fully folded states of the combination structure.
In addition to the four foldable triangular prism combination structures, two mirror image foldable triangular prism combination structures can form a mirror image foldable triangular prism combination structure by using the same connection mode; in addition, a plurality of foldable triangular prism structures or mirror image structures thereof can be connected in the same way to obtain the foldable triangular prism combined structure with larger standard.
Therefore, the foldable triangular prism structure can achieve the folding effect required by the invention as long as the constraint condition and the connection mode of the revolute pair are met. The dimensions of each surface can be changed to a certain extent according to practical application requirements. The folding and unfolding ratio of the foldable triangular prism structure is large, so that the triangular prism structure can be unfolded and completely folded flat, and the foldable triangular prism structure is convenient to store and transport; the foldable triangular prism has simple structure, is convenient for processing, manufacturing and mass production, and has important significance and wide application prospect in the fields of storage, packaging, civil engineering, construction, aerospace and the like. The foldable triangular prism structure is subjected to mirror image operation to obtain a mirror image foldable prism structure with opposite rotation directions, and has potential application prospects in chiral material design.
Embodiment two:
as shown in fig. 6-1, the present embodiment provides an expanded state structure of a foldable quadrangular prism having a rotational motion, including a top surface C1, a bottom surface C2, and four modules II1, II2, II3, II4. The top surface C1 and the bottom surface C2 are congruent squares, and the structural parameters of the four modules II1, II2, II3 and II4 are the same.
The top surface C1 and the bottom surface C2 are arranged in parallel and respectively serve as the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the foldable prism structure; the top surface C1 is adjacent to the first surface of the module II1 and is connected with each other through a first upper revolute pair N1 of the module II1, the top surface C1 is adjacent to the first surface of the module II2 and is connected with each other through a second upper revolute pair N2 of the module II2, the top surface C1 is adjacent to the first surface of the module II3 and is connected with each other through a third upper revolute pair N3 of the module II3, and the top surface C1 is adjacent to the first surface of the module II4 and is connected with each other through a fourth upper revolute pair N4 of the module II 4; the bottom surface C2 is adjacent to the fourth surface of the module II1 and is mutually connected through a lower revolute pair five N5 of the module II1, the bottom surface C2 is adjacent to the fourth surface of the module II2 and is mutually connected through a lower revolute pair six N6 of the module II2, the bottom surface C2 is adjacent to the fourth surface of the module II3 and is mutually connected through a lower revolute pair seven N7 of the module II3, and the bottom surface C2 is adjacent to the fourth surface of the module II4 and is mutually connected through a lower revolute pair eight N8 of the module II4, so that a foldable quadrangular prism structure is formed. Fig. 6-2 to 6-5 illustrate sequential unfolding and folding processes of the foldable quadrangular prism structure according to the arrangement and connection of the top and bottom surfaces and the modules of the foldable quadrangular prism structure. Fig. 6-2 shows a prismatic state of the foldable quadrangular prism structure, fig. 6-3 shows an unfolded intermediate state, fig. 6-4 shows a fully unfolded state, and fig. 6-5 shows a fully folded state.
In the unfolding and folding process of the foldable quadrangular prism structure, when the top surface C1 and the bottom surface C2 are kept parallel and the geometric center is located on the central axis S2, the top surface C1 spatially rotates counterclockwise around the central axis S2 relative to the bottom surface C2; the geometric center of the top surface moves linearly along the central axis S2 relative to the bottom surface C2; the modules II1, II2, II3, II4 are spatially rotationally symmetrical with respect to the central axis S2.
The mirror-image foldable quadrangular prism structure shown in fig. 7-1 is formed by mirror-image operation of the foldable quadrangular prism structure in fig. 6-1. The mirror image foldable quadrangular prism structure is unchanged in surface, module and revolute pair, and when the top surface C1 and the bottom surface C2 are kept parallel and the geometric center is located on the central axis S2 in the unfolding and folding processes, the top surface C1 can rotate clockwise around the central axis S2 in space relative to the bottom surface C2; the geometric center of the top surface moves linearly along the central axis S2 relative to the bottom surface C2; the modules II1, II2, II3, II4 are spatially rotationally symmetrical with respect to the central axis S2. Fig. 7-2 shows a prismatic state of a mirror-image foldable quadrangular prism structure, fig. 7-3 shows an unfolded intermediate state, fig. 7-4 shows a fully unfolded state, and fig. 7-5 shows a fully folded state.
As shown in fig. 8-1, the aforementioned foldable quadrangular prism structure may be combined with two foldable quadrangular prism structures through the middle square face C3 to construct a foldable prismatic structure having a larger folding ratio. Wherein the foldable quadrangular prism structure U1 omits the top surface C1 of the foldable quadrangular prism structure U1, and the foldable quadrangular prism structure U2 omits the bottom surface C2 of the foldable quadrangular prism structure U2; next, the foldable quadrangular structure U1, the square face C3, and the foldable quadrangular structure U2 are connected to each other by the foldable quadrangular combined structure revolute pair nine N9, the revolute pair ten N10, the revolute pair eleven 11, and the revolute pair twelve N12. Figures 8-2 through 8-5 illustrate the unfolding and folding process of the composite structure in the manner of the combination of the foldable quadrangular prism structures shown in figure 8-1. Fig. 8-2 shows a prism state of the foldable quadrangular prism combination structure, fig. 8-3 shows an unfolded intermediate state of the combination structure, fig. 8-4 shows a fully unfolded state of the combination structure, and fig. 8-5 shows a fully folded state of the combination structure.
As shown in fig. 9-1, the foldable quadrangular prism structure U3 and its mirror image foldable quadrangular prism structure U4 can be combined by the middle square face C4 to construct a foldable prismatic structure having a larger folding ratio. The top surface C1 of the foldable quadrangular prism structure U3 is omitted, and the bottom surface C2 of the foldable quadrangular prism structure U4 is omitted; next, the foldable quadrangular structure U3, the square face C4, and the foldable quadrangular structure U4 are connected to each other by the foldable quadrangular combined structure revolute pair thirteen N13, the revolute pair fourteen N14, the revolute pair fifteen N15, and the revolute pair sixteen N16. Fig. 9-2 to 9-5 illustrate the unfolding and folding process of the hybrid composite structure in the manner of the combination of the foldable quadrangular prism structures shown in fig. 9-1. Fig. 9-2 shows a prismatic state of the hybrid foldable quadrangular prism combination structure, fig. 9-3 shows an unfolded intermediate state of the combination structure, fig. 9-4 shows a fully unfolded state of the combination structure, and fig. 9-5 shows a fully folded state of the combination structure.
As shown in fig. 9-6, the two foldable quadrangular structures U5 and U7 and the two mirror image foldable quadrangular structures U6 and U8 are respectively connected with each other through a revolute pair seventeen N17, a revolute pair eighteen N18, a revolute pair nineteen N19 and a revolute pair twenty N20 corresponding to the foldable quadrangular combination structures to form a closed-loop structure; then, according to the connected revolute pairs, the side surfaces of two adjacent quadrangular prism structures are shared, so that the surfaces C5 and C6, C7 and C8, C9 and C10 and C11 and C12 form a shearing fork mechanism at the corresponding connected revolute pair positions. Fig. 9-7 to 9-10 illustrate the unfolding and folding process of the two-dimensional combination structure of the foldable quadrangular prism in the combination manner of the foldable quadrangular prism structure shown in fig. 9-6. Fig. 9-7 show a prismatic state of a two-dimensional combination of foldable quadrangular prisms, fig. 9-8 show an intermediate state of the combination, fig. 9-9 show a fully extended state of the combination, and fig. 9-10 show a fully folded state of the combination.
As shown in fig. 9-11, the four foldable quadrangular structures U9, U11, U14, U16 and the four mirror image foldable quadrangular structures U10, U12, U13, U15 are respectively connected with each other by a corresponding foldable quadrangular combined structure revolute pair twenty-one N21, a revolute pair twenty-two N22, a revolute pair twenty-three N23, a revolute pair twenty-four N24, a revolute pair twenty-five N25, a revolute pair twenty-six N26, a revolute pair twenty-seven N27, and a revolute pair twenty-eight N28; then, according to the connected revolute pairs, the side surfaces of two adjacent quadrangular prism structures are shared, so that the surfaces C13 and C14, C15 and C16, C17 and C18, C19 and C20, C21 and C22, C23 and C24, C25 and C26 and C27 and C28 form a shearing fork mechanism at the corresponding connected revolute pair positions. Fig. 9-12 to 9-15 illustrate the unfolding and folding process of the three-dimensional composite structure of the foldable quadrangular prism in the manner of the combination of the foldable quadrangular prism structures shown in fig. 9-11. Fig. 9 to 12 are prism states of a three-dimensional combination structure of foldable quadrangular prisms, fig. 9 to 13 are unfolded intermediate states of the combination structure, fig. 9 to 14 are fully unfolded states of the combination structure, and fig. 9 to 15 are fully folded states of the combination structure. In addition to the four foldable quadrangular prism combination structures, two mirror image foldable quadrangular prism combination structures can form a mirror image foldable quadrangular prism combination structure by using the same connection mode; in addition, a plurality of foldable quadrangular prism structures or mirror image structures thereof can be connected in the same way to obtain the foldable quadrangular prism combined structure with larger standard. Therefore, the foldable quadrangular prism structure can achieve the folding effect required by the invention as long as the constraint condition and the connection mode of the revolute pair are met. The dimensions of each surface can be changed to a certain extent according to practical application requirements. The folding and unfolding ratio of the foldable quadrangular prism structure is large, so that the quadrangular prism structure can be unfolded and completely folded flat, and the foldable quadrangular prism structure is convenient to store and transport; the foldable quadrangular prism has simple structure, is convenient for processing, manufacturing and mass production, and has important significance and wide application prospect in the fields of storage, packaging, civil engineering, construction, aerospace and the like. The foldable quadrangular prism structure is subjected to mirror image operation to obtain a mirror image foldable prismatic structure with opposite rotation directions, and has potential application prospects in chiral material design.
Embodiment III:
as shown in fig. 10-1, the present embodiment provides an expanded state structure of a foldable pentagonal prism having a rotational motion, including a top surface D1, a bottom surface D2, and five modules III1, III2, III3, III4, III5. The top surface D1 and the bottom surface D2 are congruent regular pentagons, and the structural parameters of the five modules III1, III2, III3, III4 and III5 are the same.
The top surface D1 and the bottom surface D2 are arranged in parallel and respectively serve as the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the foldable prism structure; the top surface D1 is adjacent to the first surface of the module III1 and is connected with each other through an upper revolute pair O1 of the module III1, the top surface D1 is adjacent to the first surface of the module III2 and is connected with each other through an upper revolute pair O2 of the module III2, the top surface D1 is adjacent to the first surface of the module III3 and is connected with each other through an upper revolute pair O3 of the module III3, the top surface D1 is adjacent to the first surface of the module III4 and is connected with each other through an upper revolute pair O4 of the module III4, and the top surface D1 is adjacent to the first surface of the module III5 and is connected with each other through an upper revolute pair five O5 of the module III 5; the bottom surface D2 is adjacent to the fourth surface of the module III1 and is connected with each other through a lower revolute pair of six O6 of the module III1, the bottom surface D2 is adjacent to the fourth surface of the module III2 and is connected with each other through a lower revolute pair of seven O7 of the module III2, the bottom surface D2 is adjacent to the fourth surface of the module III3 and is connected with each other through a lower revolute pair of eight O8 of the module III3, the bottom surface D2 is adjacent to the fourth surface of the module III4 and is connected with each other through a lower revolute pair of nine O9 of the module III4, and the bottom surface D2 is adjacent to the fourth surface of the module III5 and is connected with each other through a lower revolute pair of ten O10 of the module III5, so that a foldable pentagonal prism structure is formed.
Fig. 10-2 to 10-5 illustrate sequential unfolding and folding processes of the foldable pentagonal prism structure according to the arrangement and connection of the top and bottom surfaces and the modules of the foldable pentagonal prism structure. Fig. 10-2 shows a prism state of the foldable pentagonal prism structure, fig. 10-3 shows an unfolded intermediate state, fig. 10-4 shows a fully unfolded state, and fig. 10-5 shows a fully folded state.
In the unfolding and folding process of the foldable pentagonal prism structure, when the top surface D1 and the bottom surface D2 are kept parallel and the geometric center is located on the central axis S3, the top surface D1 spatially rotates anticlockwise relative to the bottom surface D2 around the central axis S3; the geometric center of the top surface moves linearly along the central axis S3 relative to the bottom surface D2; the modules III1, III2, III3, III4, III5 are spatially rotationally symmetrical with respect to the central axis S3.
The mirror-image foldable pentagonal prism structure shown in fig. 11-1 is formed by mirror-image operation of the foldable pentagonal prism structure in fig. 10-1. The mirror image foldable pentagonal prism structure is unchanged in surface, module and revolute pair, and when the top surface D1 and the bottom surface D2 are kept parallel and the geometric center is located on the central axis S3 in the unfolding and folding processes, the top surface D1 can rotate clockwise around the central axis S3 in space relative to the bottom surface D2; the geometric center of the top surface moves linearly along the central axis S3 relative to the bottom surface D2; the modules III1, III2, III3, III4, III5 are spatially rotationally symmetrical with respect to the central axis S3. Fig. 11-2 shows a prismatic state of a mirror-image foldable pentagonal prism structure, fig. 11-3 shows an unfolded intermediate state, fig. 11-4 shows a fully unfolded state, and fig. 11-5 shows a fully folded state.
As shown in fig. 12-1, the aforementioned foldable pentagonal prism structure may be formed by combining two foldable pentagonal prism structures through the middle regular pentagonal face D3 to construct a foldable prism structure having a larger folding ratio. Wherein, the foldable pentagonal prism structure V1 omits the top surface D1 of the foldable pentagonal prism structure V1 and the foldable pentagonal prism structure V2 omits the bottom surface D2 of the foldable pentagonal prism structure V2; next, the foldable pentagonal prism structure V1, the regular pentagonal face D3, and the foldable pentagonal prism structure V2 are connected to each other by the foldable pentagonal prism combination structure revolute pair undeco 11, revolute pair dodecao 12, revolute pair tridecano 13, revolute pair tetradeco 14, and revolute pair pentadecano 15. Fig. 12-2 to 12-5 illustrate the unfolding and folding process of the combined structure in the combined manner of the foldable pentagonal prism structure shown in fig. 12-1. Fig. 12-2 shows a prism state of the foldable pentagonal prism combination structure, fig. 12-3 shows an unfolded intermediate state of the combination structure, fig. 12-4 shows a fully unfolded state of the combination structure, and fig. 12-5 shows a fully folded state of the combination structure.
As shown in fig. 13-1, the foldable pentagonal prism structure V3 and its mirror image foldable pentagonal prism structure V4 may be combined by the intermediate regular pentagonal face D4 to construct a foldable prism structure having a larger folding ratio. The foldable pentagonal prism structure V3 omits the top surface D1 of the structure, and the foldable pentagonal prism structure V4 omits the bottom surface D2 of the structure; next, the foldable pentagonal prism structure V3, the regular pentagonal face D4, and the foldable pentagonal prism structure V4 are connected to each other by the foldable pentagonal prism combination structure revolute pair sixteen O16, the revolute pair seventeen O17, the revolute pair eighteen O18, the revolute pair nineteen O19, and the revolute pair twenty O20. Fig. 13-2 to 13-5 illustrate the unfolding and folding process of the hybrid composite structure in the manner of the combination of the foldable pentagonal prism structures shown in fig. 13-1. Fig. 13-2 shows a prism state of the foldable pentagonal prism combination structure, fig. 13-3 shows an unfolded intermediate state of the combination structure, fig. 13-4 shows a fully unfolded state of the combination structure, and fig. 13-5 shows a fully folded state of the combination structure. In addition to the two foldable pentagonal prism combined structures, the two mirror image foldable pentagonal prism combined structures can form a mirror image foldable pentagonal prism combined structure by using the same connecting mode; in addition, a plurality of foldable pentagonal prism structures or mirror image structures thereof can be connected in the same manner to obtain the foldable pentagonal prism combined structure with larger specification. Therefore, the foldable pentagonal prism structure can achieve the folding effect required by the invention as long as the constraint condition and the connection mode of the revolute pair are met. The dimensions of each surface can be changed to a certain extent according to practical application requirements. The folding and unfolding ratio of the foldable pentagonal prism structure is large, the pentagonal prism structure can be unfolded and completely folded flat, and the storage and the transportation are convenient; the foldable pentagonal prism has simple structure, is convenient for processing, manufacturing and mass production, and has important significance and wide application prospect in the fields of storage, packaging, civil engineering, construction, aerospace and the like. The folding pentagonal prism structure is subjected to mirror image operation to obtain a mirror image folding prism structure with opposite rotation directions, and the folding pentagonal prism structure has potential application prospect in the design of chiral materials.
Embodiment four:
as shown in fig. 14-1, the present embodiment provides an expanded state structure of a foldable hexagonal prism having a rotational motion, including a top face E1, a bottom face E2, and six modules IV1, IV2, IV3, IV4, IV5, IV6. The top surface E1 and the bottom surface E2 are congruent regular hexagons, and the structural parameters of the six modules IV1, IV2, IV3, IV4, IV5 and IV6 are the same.
The top surface E1 and the bottom surface E2 are arranged in parallel and respectively serve as the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the foldable prism structure; the top surface E1 is adjacent to the first surface of the module IV1 and is connected with each other through a first upper revolute pair P1 of the module IV1, the top surface E1 is adjacent to the first surface of the module IV2 and is connected with each other through a second upper revolute pair P2 of the module IV2, the top surface E1 is adjacent to the first surface of the module IV3 and is connected with each other through a third upper revolute pair P3 of the module IV3, the top surface E1 is adjacent to the first surface of the module IV4 and is connected with each other through a fourth upper revolute pair P4 of the module IV4, the top surface E1 is adjacent to the first surface of the module IV5 and is connected with each other through a fifth upper revolute pair P5 of the module IV5, and the top surface E1 is adjacent to the first surface of the module IV6 and is connected with each other through a sixth upper revolute pair P6 of the module IV 6; the bottom surface E2 is adjacent to the fourth surface of the module IV1 and is connected with each other through a lower revolute pair seven P7 of the module IV1, the bottom surface E2 is adjacent to the fourth surface of the module IV2 and is connected with each other through a lower revolute pair eight P8 of the module IV2, the bottom surface E2 is adjacent to the fourth surface of the module IV3 and is connected with each other through a lower revolute pair nine P9 of the module IV3, the bottom surface E2 is adjacent to the fourth surface of the module IV4 and is connected with each other through a lower revolute pair ten P10 of the module IV4, the bottom surface E2 is adjacent to the fourth surface of the module IV5 and is connected with each other through a lower revolute pair eleven P11 of the module IV5, and the bottom surface E2 is adjacent to the fourth surface of the module IV6 and is connected with each other through a lower revolute pair twelve P12 of the module IV6, so that a foldable hexagonal prism structure is formed.
Fig. 14-2 to 14-5 illustrate sequential unfolding and folding processes of the foldable hexagonal structures according to the arrangement and connection of the top and bottom surfaces and the modules of the foldable hexagonal structures described above. Fig. 14-2 shows a prism state of the foldable hexagonal prism structure, fig. 14-3 shows an unfolded intermediate state, fig. 14-4 shows a fully unfolded state, and fig. 14-5 shows a fully folded state.
In the unfolding and folding process of the foldable hexagonal prism structure, when the top surface E1 and the bottom surface E2 are kept parallel and the geometric center is located on the central axis S4, the top surface E1 spatially performs a counterclockwise rotation motion relative to the bottom surface E2 around the central axis S4; the geometric center of the top surface moves linearly along the central axis S4 relative to the bottom surface E2; the modules IV1, IV2, IV3, IV4, IV5, IV6 are spatially rotationally symmetrical with respect to the central axis S4.
The mirror-image foldable hexagonal structure shown in fig. 15-1 is formed by mirror-image operation of the foldable hexagonal structure of fig. 14-1. The mirror image foldable hexagonal prism structure is unchanged in surface, module and revolute pair, and when the top surface E1 and the bottom surface E2 are kept parallel and the geometric center is located on the central axis S4 in the unfolding and folding processes, the top surface E1 can rotate clockwise around the central axis S4 in space relative to the bottom surface E2; the geometric center of the top surface moves linearly along the central axis S4 relative to the bottom surface E2; the modules IV1, IV2, IV3, IV4, IV5, IV6 are spatially rotationally symmetrical with respect to the central axis S4. Fig. 15-2 shows a prism state of a mirror-image foldable hexagonal prism structure, fig. 15-3 shows an unfolded intermediate state, fig. 15-4 shows a fully unfolded state, and fig. 15-5 shows a fully folded state.
As shown in fig. 16-1, the aforementioned foldable hexagonal structures may be combined by the intermediate regular hexagonal surface E3 with two foldable hexagonal structures to construct a foldable prismatic structure having a larger folding ratio. Wherein, the foldable hexagonal prism structure W1 omits the top surface E1 thereof, and the foldable hexagonal prism structure W2 omits the bottom surface E2 thereof; next, the foldable hexagonal prism structure W1, the regular hexagonal surface E3, and the foldable hexagonal prism structure W2 are connected to each other by the foldable hexagonal prism combination structure rolling pair thirteenth P13, rolling pair fourteen P14, rolling pair fifteen P15, rolling pair sixteen P16, rolling pair seventeen P17, and rolling pair eighteen P18. Fig. 16-2 to 16-5 illustrate the unfolding and folding process of the combined structure in the combined manner of the foldable hexagonal structures shown in fig. 16-1. Fig. 16-2 shows a prism state of the foldable hexagonal prism combination structure, fig. 16-3 shows an unfolded intermediate state of the combination structure, fig. 16-4 shows a fully unfolded state of the combination structure, and fig. 16-5 shows a fully folded state of the combination structure.
As shown in fig. 17-1, the foldable hexagonal structures W3 and their mirror image foldable hexagonal structures W4 may be combined by the intermediate regular hexagonal faces E4 to construct a foldable prismatic structure having a larger folding ratio. The foldable hexagonal prism structure W3 omits the top surface E1 of the foldable hexagonal prism structure W3, and the foldable hexagonal prism structure W4 omits the bottom surface E2 of the foldable hexagonal prism structure W4; next, the foldable hexagonal prism structure W3, the regular hexagonal surface E4, and the foldable hexagonal prism structure W4 are connected to each other by a foldable hexagonal prism combination structure revolute pair nineteen P19, a revolute pair twenty P20, a revolute pair twenty-one P21, a revolute pair twenty-two P22, a revolute pair twenty-three P23, and a revolute pair twenty-four P24. Fig. 17-2 to 17-5 illustrate the unfolding and folding process of the hybrid composite structure in the manner of the combination of the foldable hexagonal structures shown in fig. 17-1. Fig. 17-2 shows a prism state of the foldable hexagonal prism combination structure, fig. 17-3 shows an unfolded intermediate state of the combination structure, fig. 17-4 shows a fully unfolded state of the combination structure, and fig. 17-5 shows a fully folded state of the combination structure.
17-6, two foldable hexagonal prism structures W5 and W7 and two mirror image foldable hexagonal prism structures W6 and W8 are respectively connected with each other through twenty-five rotating pairs P25, twenty-six rotating pairs P26, twenty-seven rotating pairs P27 and twenty-eight rotating pairs P28 corresponding to the foldable hexagonal prism combination structures to form a closed loop structure; then, according to the connected revolute pair, the side surfaces of two adjacent hexagonal prism structures are shared, so that the surfaces E5 and E6, E7 and E8, E9 and E10 and E11 and E12 form a scissor mechanism at the corresponding connected revolute pair positions. Fig. 17-7 to 17-10 illustrate the unfolding and folding process of the two-dimensional combination structure of the foldable hexagonal in the combination of the foldable hexagonal structures shown in fig. 17-6. Fig. 17-7 are prism states of the two-dimensional combination structure of the foldable hexagonal prism, fig. 17-8 are the unfolded intermediate states of the combination structure, fig. 17-9 are the fully unfolded states of the combination structure, and fig. 17-10 are the fully folded states of the combination structure.
17-11, the four foldable hexagonal structures W9, W11, W14, W16 and the four mirror-image foldable hexagonal structures W10, W12, W13, W15 are respectively connected with each other through corresponding foldable hexagonal combined structures of twenty-nine revolute pairs P29, thirty-one revolute pairs P30, thirty-one revolute pairs P31, thirty-two revolute pairs P32, thirty-three revolute pairs P33, thirty-four revolute pairs P34, thirty-five revolute pairs P35 and thirty-six revolute pairs P36; then, according to the connected revolute pairs, the side surfaces of two adjacent hexagonal prism structures are shared, so that the surfaces E13 and E14, E15 and E16, E17 and E18, E19 and E20, E21 and E22, E23 and E24, E25 and E26 and E27 and E28 form a scissor mechanism at the corresponding connected revolute pair positions. Figures 17-12 through 17-15 illustrate the unfolding and folding process of the three-dimensional composite structure of the foldable hexagonal in the manner of the combination of the foldable hexagonal structures shown in figures 17-11. Fig. 17 to 12 are prism states of a three-dimensional combination structure of foldable hexagonal prisms, fig. 17 to 13 are unfolded intermediate states of the combination structure, fig. 17 to 14 are fully unfolded states of the combination structure, and fig. 17 to 15 are fully folded states of the combination structure. In addition to the four foldable hexagonal prism combination structures, two mirror image foldable hexagonal prism combination structures can form a mirror image foldable hexagonal prism combination structure by using the same connection mode; in addition, a plurality of foldable hexagonal prism structures or mirror image structures thereof can be connected in the same way to obtain the foldable hexagonal prism combined structure with larger standard. Therefore, the foldable hexagonal prism structure can achieve the folding effect required by the invention as long as the constraint condition and the connection mode of the revolute pair are met. The dimensions of each surface can be changed to a certain extent according to practical application requirements. The folding and unfolding ratio of the foldable hexagonal prism structure is large, the hexagonal prism structure can be unfolded and completely folded flat, and the storage and the transportation are convenient; the foldable hexagonal prism has simple structure, is convenient for processing, manufacturing and mass production, and has important significance and wide application prospect in the fields of storage, packaging, civil engineering, construction, aerospace and the like. The folded hexagonal prism structure is subjected to mirror image operation to obtain a mirror image folded prism structure with opposite rotation directions, and the method has potential application prospects in chiral material design.
The invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. The above description of specific embodiments is intended to describe and illustrate the technical aspects of the present invention, and is intended to be illustrative only and not limiting. Numerous specific modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention and scope of the claims, which are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. A foldable prism structure with rotary motion, which is characterized by comprising a top surface, a bottom surface and more than three modules; the top surface is a regular polygon with the edge number more than or equal to 3; the bottom surface is a regular polygon congruent with the top surface; the number of the modules is the same as the number of the sides of the top surface, the structures of the modules are the same, each module comprises four congruent right-angled triangle surfaces, namely a first surface, a second surface, a third surface and a fourth surface, and the first surface, the second surface, the third surface and the fourth surface in each module are sequentially connected;
the top surface and the bottom surface are parallel, and the top surface and the bottom surface are respectively positioned at the top and the bottom of the foldable prism structure; each module is placed between the top and bottom surfaces; one side of the first surface of each module is connected with one side of the top surface, and one side of the fourth surface of each corresponding module is connected with one side of the bottom surface;
The first surface is adjacent to the second surface and is connected with each other through a first revolute pair, the second surface is adjacent to the third surface and is connected with each other through a second revolute pair, and the third surface is adjacent to the fourth surface and is connected with each other through a third revolute pair; the top surface is adjacent to the first surface of the module and is connected with each other through an upper rotating pair of the module; the bottom surface is adjacent to the fourth surface of the same module and is connected with each other through a lower rotating pair of the module;
in the unfolding and folding processes of the foldable prism structure, when the top surface and the bottom surface are kept parallel and the geometric centers are positioned on the same axis, namely the central axis, the top surface can do rotary motion relative to the bottom surface around the central axis in space; the geometric center of the top surface makes linear motion relative to the bottom surface along the central axis; the modules are spatially distributed in a rotationally symmetrical manner with respect to the central axis;
the change of the movement characteristics of the foldable prism structure is realized by changing the edge numbers of the regular polygons of the top surface and the bottom surface, and the foldable prism structure with opposite rotation movements in the unfolding and folding processes can be obtained through mirror image operation; the combination of the plurality of foldable prism structures, the combination of the plurality of mirrored foldable prism structures and the combination of the plurality of foldable prism structures and the mirrored foldable prism structure are realized through the connection of the bottom surface and the top surface between the plurality of foldable prism structures, the connection of the side surface and the combination of the two connection modes; by changing the size of the right triangle, different folding ratios and different working spaces are obtained.
2. The foldable prism structure with rotational movement of claim 1, wherein folding of the thick plate prism structure is achieved by adding thickness to the out-of-plane direction of each face of the foldable prism structure.
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| CN113374084A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-09-10 | 天津大学 | Single-degree-of-freedom foldable square cabin structure |
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| US6618025B2 (en) * | 1999-06-11 | 2003-09-09 | Harris Corporation | Lightweight, compactly deployable support structure with telescoping members |
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