CN114512297B - Magnetic gain switch and method based on flat-top pulse magnetic field - Google Patents
Magnetic gain switch and method based on flat-top pulse magnetic field Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于平顶脉冲磁场的磁增益开关及方法，属于磁增益开关领域。包括谐振腔、永磁体、电磁线圈，所述永磁体在谐振腔内产生恒定磁场，所述电磁线圈在谐振腔内产生平顶脉冲磁场；两个永磁体分别位于所述谐振腔的上方和下方，两个电磁线圈分别位于两个永磁体的外侧，所述永磁体与所述电磁线圈完全独立运行，所述永磁体产生的恒定磁场维持时间长短由两次平顶脉冲磁场之间的时间间隔决定，平顶磁场上升沿极短，其磁场峰值与所述永磁体产生的恒定磁场等大方向。本发明提供的基于平顶脉冲磁场的磁增益开关，将永磁体恒定磁场与平顶脉冲磁场相结合，能实现所述谐振腔内合成磁场的迅速下降和清空，大幅提高磁增益开关的功率增益。
The invention discloses a magnetic gain switch and a method based on a flat-top pulse magnetic field, belonging to the field of magnetic gain switches. It includes a resonant cavity, a permanent magnet, and an electromagnetic coil. The permanent magnet generates a constant magnetic field in the resonant cavity, and the electromagnetic coil generates a flat-top pulsed magnetic field in the resonant cavity; two permanent magnets are respectively located above and below the resonant cavity. , the two electromagnetic coils are respectively located outside the two permanent magnets, the permanent magnets and the electromagnetic coils operate completely independently, and the maintenance time of the constant magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets is determined by the time interval between two flat-top pulse magnetic fields It is determined that the rising edge of the flat-top magnetic field is extremely short, and the peak value of the magnetic field is in the same general direction as the constant magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet. The magnetic gain switch based on the flat-top pulse magnetic field provided by the present invention combines the constant magnetic field of the permanent magnet with the flat-top pulse magnetic field, which can realize the rapid decline and emptying of the synthetic magnetic field in the resonant cavity, and greatly improve the power gain of the magnetic gain switch .
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于磁增益开关领域，更具体地，涉及一种基于平顶脉冲磁场的磁增益开关及方法。The invention belongs to the field of magnetic gain switches, and more specifically relates to a magnetic gain switch and method based on a flat-top pulsed magnetic field.
背景技术Background technique
化学氧碘激光器(COIL)所产生的激光对金属具有极高的耦合效率，在定向能武器、材料加工和医疗上都具有巨大应用前景。理论计算表明，相较于连续波工作模式，COIL的脉冲模式峰值功率可增加770倍，将对目标产生巨大的热破坏作用。The laser produced by the chemical oxygen iodine laser (COIL) has extremely high coupling efficiency to metals, and has great application prospects in directed energy weapons, material processing and medical treatment. Theoretical calculations show that compared with the continuous wave working mode, the peak power of COIL's pulse mode can be increased by 770 times, which will have a huge thermal damage effect on the target.
磁增益开关是实现COIL脉冲工作模式的最佳技术，其原理是通过磁场所产生的塞曼效应，控制碘原子的跃迁，从而实现激光的脉冲输出与功率放大。然而，永磁体产生的磁场大小无法调节，而采用电磁线圈产生磁场，由于电路中含有电感、电容等原件，其电路特性决定了磁场长时间维持与瞬间下降之间存在无法解决的矛盾，因此现有电磁线圈系统的磁场下降时间和激光脉宽都高达数十微秒，导致最高功率增益只有55左右，还无法完全满足使用要求。因此，如何解决大空间范围内磁场长时间维持之后的快速清除问题，是实现高性能磁增益开关的主要技术难点。The magnetic gain switch is the best technology to realize the COIL pulse working mode. Its principle is to control the transition of iodine atoms through the Zeeman effect generated by the magnetic field, so as to realize the pulse output and power amplification of the laser. However, the magnitude of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet cannot be adjusted, and the electromagnetic coil is used to generate the magnetic field. Since the circuit contains components such as inductors and capacitors, its circuit characteristics determine that there is an unsolvable contradiction between the long-term maintenance of the magnetic field and the instantaneous drop. Therefore, the current The magnetic field fall time and laser pulse width of the electromagnetic coil system are as high as tens of microseconds, resulting in a maximum power gain of only about 55, which cannot fully meet the use requirements. Therefore, how to solve the problem of rapid removal of the magnetic field after a long period of maintenance in a large space is the main technical difficulty in realizing a high-performance magnetic gain switch.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术的以上缺陷或改进需求，本发明提供了一种基于平顶脉冲磁场的磁增益开关及方法，旨在解决现有技术中磁场长时间维持之后不能快速清除导致的磁增益开关功率增益较低的技术问题。In view of the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a magnetic gain switch and method based on a flat-top pulsed magnetic field, aiming to solve the problem of magnetic gain switching power caused by the inability to quickly clear the magnetic field after a long period of maintenance in the prior art. Technical issues with lower gains.
为实现上述目的，本发明一方面提供了一种基于平顶脉冲磁场的磁增益开关，包括谐振腔、第一永磁体、第二永磁体、第一电磁线圈和第二电磁线圈；所述第一永磁体和第二永磁体在谐振腔内共同产生磁场，所述第一电磁线圈和第二电磁线圈在通电的状态下在谐振腔内共同产生与所述恒定磁场方向相反的平顶脉冲磁场。To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a magnetic gain switch based on a flat top pulsed magnetic field, including a resonant cavity, a first permanent magnet, a second permanent magnet, a first electromagnetic coil and a second electromagnetic coil; the first A permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet jointly generate a magnetic field in the resonant cavity, and the first electromagnetic coil and the second electromagnetic coil jointly generate a flat-top pulsed magnetic field opposite to the direction of the constant magnetic field in the resonant cavity in the state of being energized .
优先地，两个永磁体相对放置，分别位于所述谐振腔的上方和下方，在所述谐振腔内产生恒定磁场，以此维持塞曼效应。Preferably, two permanent magnets are placed opposite to each other above and below the resonant cavity to generate a constant magnetic field in the resonant cavity, thereby maintaining the Zeeman effect.
优先地，两个电磁线圈相对放置，分别位于两个永磁体的外侧，在所述谐振腔内产生与永磁体恒定磁场相反的平顶脉冲磁场，并且平顶脉冲磁场的上升沿极短，磁场能迅速地从零上升到峰值。Preferably, the two electromagnetic coils are placed opposite to each other, and are respectively located outside the two permanent magnets. In the resonant cavity, a flat-top pulse magnetic field opposite to the permanent magnetic field of the permanent magnet is generated, and the rising edge of the flat-top pulse magnetic field is extremely short, and the magnetic field Can quickly rise from zero to peak value.
优先地，所述电磁线圈产生的平顶脉冲磁场峰值与所述永磁体产生的恒定磁场大小相等，因此在所述电磁线圈通电后，所述谐振腔内的合成磁场会迅速降低到零，从而实现了磁场长时间维持之后的快速清除。Preferably, the peak value of the flat-top pulsed magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil is equal to the constant magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet, so after the electromagnetic coil is energized, the synthetic magnetic field in the resonant cavity will quickly decrease to zero, thereby Fast clearing after long-time maintenance of the magnetic field is achieved.
优先地，所述永磁体与所述电磁线圈完全独立运行，所述永磁体产生的恒定磁场维持时间长短由两次平顶脉冲磁场之间的时间间隔决定，可在大范围内灵活调节。Preferably, the permanent magnet and the electromagnetic coil operate completely independently, and the duration of the constant magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet is determined by the time interval between two flat-top pulse magnetic fields, which can be flexibly adjusted in a wide range.
优先地，所述电磁线圈在所述永磁体维持恒定磁场期间不工作，所述电磁线圈的发热大幅降低，能实现高重复频率脉冲工作。Preferably, the electromagnetic coil does not work when the permanent magnet maintains a constant magnetic field, the heat generation of the electromagnetic coil is greatly reduced, and high repetition frequency pulse operation can be realized.
优先地，所述永磁体的个数可以根据需要进行选择和设计，可以是一个或者多个，能产生维持塞曼效应的恒定磁场即可，可以是铁氧体、钕铁硼、钐钴以及其他类型合理的永磁材料的一种或者多种组合。Preferentially, the number of the permanent magnets can be selected and designed according to the needs, it can be one or more, it can produce a constant magnetic field to maintain the Zeeman effect, it can be ferrite, neodymium iron boron, samarium cobalt and One or more combinations of other reasonable types of permanent magnet materials.
优先地，所述电磁线圈的个数可以根据需要进行设计和选择，可以是一个或者多个，能保证产生的平顶脉冲磁场上升沿极短，磁场峰值能与所述永磁体产生的恒定磁场等大反向即可。Preferably, the number of the electromagnetic coils can be designed and selected according to the needs, and can be one or more, which can ensure that the rising edge of the flat-top pulsed magnetic field generated is extremely short, and the peak value of the magnetic field can be compared with the constant magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet. Just wait for the big reversal.
本发明另一方面提供了一种基于上述磁增益开关的开关方法，包括：当永磁体产生恒定磁场时，电磁线圈在通电的状态下产生与所述恒定磁场方向相反的平顶脉冲磁场，平顶脉冲磁场上升沿极短，磁场叠加后迅速实现磁场为零，实现开关动作。Another aspect of the present invention provides a switching method based on the above-mentioned magnetic gain switch, including: when the permanent magnet generates a constant magnetic field, the electromagnetic coil generates a flat-top pulsed magnetic field opposite to the direction of the constant magnetic field in the state of energization, flat The rising edge of the top pulse magnetic field is extremely short, and the magnetic field is quickly realized to be zero after the magnetic field is superimposed, and the switching action is realized.
通过本发明所构思的以上技术方案，与现有技术相比，能够取得以下有益效果：Through the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention, compared with the prior art, the following beneficial effects can be obtained:
1、本发明提供的基于平顶脉冲磁场的磁增益开关，其中的永磁体无需电源就产生恒定的磁场，满足维持塞曼效应的磁场需要，永磁体和电磁线圈完全独立运行，因此永磁体产生的恒定磁场维持时间长短由两次平顶脉冲磁场之间的时间间隔决定，可在大范围内灵活调节。1. The magnetic gain switch based on the flat-top pulsed magnetic field provided by the present invention, the permanent magnet therein produces a constant magnetic field without a power supply, which meets the magnetic field requirements for maintaining the Zeeman effect. The permanent magnet and the electromagnetic coil operate completely independently, so the permanent magnet produces The maintenance time of the constant magnetic field is determined by the time interval between two flat-top pulse magnetic fields, which can be flexibly adjusted in a wide range.
2、本发明提供的基于平顶脉冲磁场的磁增益开关，平顶脉冲磁场上升沿极短，磁场上升阶段近似方波，能实现谐振腔内的磁场快速下降和清空，能大幅提高磁增益开关的功率增益。2. The magnetic gain switch based on the flat-top pulsed magnetic field provided by the present invention has a very short rising edge of the flat-top pulsed magnetic field, and the rising stage of the magnetic field is similar to a square wave, which can realize the rapid decline and emptying of the magnetic field in the resonant cavity, and can greatly improve the magnetic gain switch. power gain.
3、本发明提供的基于平顶脉冲磁场的磁增益开关，在永磁体维持恒定磁场阶段，电磁线圈不工作，因此电流在电磁线圈中产生的热量大幅降低，使得电磁线圈能够高重复频率脉冲工作，从而实现磁增益开关的高重频工作。3. The magnetic gain switch based on the flat-top pulsed magnetic field provided by the present invention, when the permanent magnet maintains a constant magnetic field, the electromagnetic coil does not work, so the heat generated by the current in the electromagnetic coil is greatly reduced, so that the electromagnetic coil can work with high repetition frequency pulses , so as to realize the high repetition frequency operation of the magnetic gain switch.
4、本发明提供的基于平顶脉冲磁场的磁增益开关，电磁线圈产生的平顶脉冲磁场的磁场峰值与永磁体产生的恒定磁场等大反向，低于永磁材料的矫顽力，不会造成永磁体退磁。4. In the magnetic gain switch based on the flat-top pulsed magnetic field provided by the present invention, the peak value of the flat-top pulsed magnetic field produced by the electromagnetic coil is equal to the constant magnetic field produced by the permanent magnet, which is lower than the coercive force of the permanent magnet material and does not Will cause permanent magnet demagnetization.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明实施例提供的一种基于平顶脉冲磁场的磁增益开关的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic gain switch based on a flat-top pulsed magnetic field provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明实施例提供的一种基于平顶脉冲磁场的磁增益开关的剖面结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a magnetic gain switch based on a flat-top pulsed magnetic field provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明实施例提供的谐振腔内的磁场波形图。Fig. 3 is a waveform diagram of the magnetic field in the resonant cavity provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。此外，下面所描述的本发明各个实施方式中所涉及到的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not constitute a conflict with each other.
本发明提供了一种基于平顶脉冲磁场的磁增益开关，通过永磁体产生的恒定磁场维持塞曼效应；再利用电磁线圈产生反向的平顶脉冲磁场抵消永磁体产生的恒定磁场，将谐振腔内的合成磁场快速清空，最终实现恒定磁场维持时间长短灵活可调、磁场长时间维持之后能迅速下降和清空、电磁线圈仅短时工作降低发热等目的，突破了磁增益开关的技术瓶颈。The invention provides a magnetic gain switch based on a flat-top pulse magnetic field, which maintains the Zeeman effect through a constant magnetic field generated by a permanent magnet; and then uses an electromagnetic coil to generate a reverse flat-top pulse magnetic field to offset the constant magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet, and the resonance The synthesized magnetic field in the cavity is quickly emptied, and finally achieves the purpose of flexible and adjustable constant magnetic field maintenance time, the magnetic field can be quickly dropped and emptied after a long period of maintenance, and the electromagnetic coil only works for a short time to reduce heat generation, breaking through the technical bottleneck of the magnetic gain switch.
如图1所示为本发明实施例提供的一种基于平顶脉冲磁场的磁增益开关的结构示意图，在本实施例中，以两个永磁体，两个电磁线圈为例进行详细介绍。包括谐振腔1、永磁体2-1和2-2、电磁线圈3-1和3-2；所述永磁体2-1和2-2在谐振腔内产生恒定磁场，所述电磁线圈3-1和3-2在谐振腔内产生平顶脉冲磁场。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic gain switch based on a flat-top pulsed magnetic field provided by an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, two permanent magnets and two electromagnetic coils are taken as examples for detailed introduction. Including a
具体地，两个永磁体相对放置，分别位于所述谐振腔的上方和下方，在所述谐振腔内产生恒定磁场，以此维持塞曼效应。Specifically, two permanent magnets are placed opposite to each other above and below the resonant cavity, and a constant magnetic field is generated in the resonant cavity to maintain the Zeeman effect.
具体地，两个电磁线圈相对放置，分别位于两个永磁体的外侧，在所述谐振腔内产生与永磁体恒定磁场相反的平顶脉冲磁场，并且平顶脉冲磁场的上升沿极短，磁场能迅速地从零上升到峰值。Specifically, the two electromagnetic coils are placed opposite to each other on the outside of the two permanent magnets, and a flat-top pulsed magnetic field opposite to the constant magnetic field of the permanent magnet is generated in the resonant cavity, and the rising edge of the flat-top pulsed magnetic field is extremely short, and the magnetic field Can quickly rise from zero to peak value.
具体地，所述电磁线圈产生的平顶脉冲磁场峰值与所述永磁体产生的恒定磁场大小相等，因此在所述电磁线圈通电后，所述谐振腔内的合成磁场会迅速降低到零，从而实现了磁场长时间维持之后的快速清除。Specifically, the peak value of the flat-top pulsed magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil is equal to the constant magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet, so after the electromagnetic coil is energized, the synthetic magnetic field in the resonant cavity will quickly decrease to zero, thereby Fast clearing after long-time maintenance of the magnetic field is achieved.
具体地，所述永磁体与所述电磁线圈完全独立运行，所述永磁体产生的恒定磁场维持时间长短由两次平顶脉冲磁场之间的时间间隔决定，可在大范围内灵活调节。Specifically, the permanent magnet and the electromagnetic coil operate completely independently, and the duration of the constant magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet is determined by the time interval between two flat-top pulse magnetic fields, which can be flexibly adjusted in a wide range.
具体地，所述电磁线圈在所述永磁体维持恒定磁场期间不工作，所述电磁线圈的发热大幅降低，能实现高重复频率脉冲工作。Specifically, the electromagnetic coil does not work when the permanent magnet maintains a constant magnetic field, the heat generation of the electromagnetic coil is greatly reduced, and high repetition frequency pulse operation can be realized.
具体地，所述永磁体的个数可以根据需要进行选择和设计，可以是一个或者多个，能产生维持塞曼效应的恒定磁场即可，可以是铁氧体、钕铁硼、钐钴以及其他类型合理的永磁材料的一种或者多种组合。Specifically, the number of the permanent magnets can be selected and designed according to the needs, and there can be one or more permanent magnets, which can produce a constant magnetic field to maintain the Zeeman effect, and can be ferrite, neodymium iron boron, samarium cobalt and One or more combinations of other reasonable types of permanent magnet materials.
具体地，所述电磁线圈的个数可以根据需要进行设计和选择，可以是一个或者多个，能保证产生的平顶脉冲磁场上升沿极短，磁场峰值能与所述永磁体产生的恒定磁场等大反向即可。Specifically, the number of the electromagnetic coils can be designed and selected according to needs, and can be one or more, which can ensure that the rising edge of the flat-top pulse magnetic field generated is extremely short, and the peak value of the magnetic field can be compared with the constant magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet. Just wait for the big reversal.
图2为本发明实施例提供的一种基于平顶脉冲磁场的磁增益开关的剖面结构示意图，永磁体2-1和永磁体2-2分别位于谐振腔1的上方和下方，电磁线圈3-1位于永磁体2-1的上方，电磁线圈3-2位于永磁体2-2的下方。图3为本发明实施例提供的谐振腔内的磁场波形图，在t1到t2阶段，电磁线圈3-1、3-2不工作，永磁体2-1、2-2在谐振腔1中产生向上的恒定磁场B1，维持塞曼效应；在t2时刻，电磁线圈3-1、3-2放电，产生向下的平顶脉冲磁场B2，此时谐振腔1中合成磁场B3为B2与B1的叠加。如果B2峰值与B1相同，则在t3时刻，谐振腔1中合成磁场B3降低为零并且保持至t4时刻。永磁体2-1、2-2和电磁线圈3-1、3-2完全独立工作，t1到t2阶段电磁线圈3-1、3-2不工作，大幅降低了电磁线圈3-1、3-2的发热，从而实现其高重复频率脉冲工作；并且从t3到t4时刻，合成磁场B3都保持为零，避免了永磁体2-1、2-2的退磁问题；由于平顶脉冲磁场的上升沿t2到t3时刻极短，因此合成磁场B3会迅速降低到零，达到了谐振腔1内的磁场快速下降和清空的目的，大幅提高了磁增益开关的功率增益。2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a magnetic gain switch based on a flat-top pulsed magnetic field provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The permanent magnet 2-1 and the permanent magnet 2-2 are respectively located above and below the
本领域的技术人员容易理解，以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, All should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
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