CN114563080B - A variable F-number cold screen, Dewar component and infrared detector - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides an F-number-variable cold screen, a Dewar component and an infrared detector, wherein the F-number-variable cold screen comprises a cold screen, an iris diaphragm piece and a side swinging piece; wherein the iris diaphragm piece is arranged at the opening end of the cold screen; the side swinging piece is arranged on the side wall of the cold screen, coupled with the iris piece and used for controlling and adjusting the size of the diaphragm through hole of the iris piece so as to change the F number of the cold screen. The technical scheme of the application realizes the control of the opening size of the cold screen, can conveniently, quickly and effectively realize the free switching of the F value of the cold screen of the vacuum packaged infrared detector, and meets the requirements of different application scenes.

Description

A variable F-number cold screen, Dewar component and infrared detector

Technical field

This application relates to the technical field of infrared detectors, specifically to a variable F-number cold screen, a Dewar component and an infrared detector.

Background technique

Infrared detector technology has the characteristics of passive detection, high detection accuracy, and strong environmental adaptability. It is widely used in early warning detection, intelligence reconnaissance, precision strike, night vision, astronomical observation and other fields. In order to meet the application requirements of large field of view, high spatial resolution and miniaturized infrared imaging systems, large area array, miniaturized and highly reliable detector components have become the focus of research in recent years. The cold screen is an important thin-walled component in the Dewar assembly of the infrared detector. It is usually bonded to the frame to limit the detector's field of view and eliminate stray radiation.

Infrared detectors, as sensors capable of detecting infrared bands, are widely used in aerospace and other fields. In order to meet different application requirements, the field of view range within the infrared detector assembly adopts a fixed value design, and the field of view range of the infrared detector chip is limited by the F number of the cold screen. The cold screen F number of traditional infrared detectors is designed to be a fixed value, which is not conducive to the F number switching of infrared detector components in different application scenarios.

The content in the background art section only discloses technologies known to the inventor, and does not necessarily represent the prior art in the field.

Contents of the invention

This application aims to provide a variable F-number cold screen, Dewar component and infrared detector, which solves the problem that the F-number of the cold screen can be freely switched in different application scenarios.

According to one aspect of the present application, a variable F-number cold screen is proposed, including a cold screen, a variable diaphragm member and a side swing member, wherein the variable diaphragm member is disposed at the open end of the cold screen; the side swing member It is arranged on the side wall of the cold screen, coupled to the variable diaphragm component, and used to control and adjust the size of the diaphragm through hole of the variable diaphragm component to change the F number of the cold screen.

According to some embodiments, the variable diaphragm component includes: a fixed-groove slide disposed at the open end of the cold screen, with an aperture through hole in the center of the fixed-groove slide; a rotating slide, the The rotating sliding plate is movably connected to the fixed groove sliding plate; a plurality of baffles are coupled to the fixed groove sliding plate and the rotating sliding plate; wherein, the rotating sliding plate is made to be relative to The fixed groove slide plate rotates concentrically, driving the plurality of baffles to move, causing the size of the aperture through hole to change.

According to some embodiments, the fixed groove slide plate includes: a plurality of fixing parts for fixing the fixed groove slide plate on the cold screen; a plurality of centrifugal grooves and a plurality of concentric grooves, the plurality of retaining parts The plates are movably engaged in the plurality of centrifugal grooves and the plurality of concentric grooves respectively, thereby defining the movement trajectories of the plurality of baffles.

According to some embodiments, the plurality of centrifugal grooves are distributed on the first circumference with the center of the aperture through hole as the center of the circle, and the plurality of concentric grooves are distributed on the first circle with the center of the aperture through hole as the center of the circle. On the second circumference, the second circumference is smaller than the first circumference, and the number of the plurality of centrifugal grooves is the same as that of the concentric grooves.

According to some embodiments, the rotating sliding piece includes: a rotating handle coupled to the side swing member; and a plurality of fixing holes, the plurality of fixing holes are respectively matched with the plurality of concentric grooves.

According to some embodiments, each of the baffles includes: a fixing part that passes through the fixing hole and is limited in the concentric groove; and a sliding part that is limited in the centrifugal groove.

According to some embodiments, the side swing member includes: a vertical pole support frame, which is provided on the cold screen; a vertical pole sliding piece, movably connected to the vertical pole support frame, and can be wound around the vertical pole support frame The fulcrum swings, and the vertical rod sliding piece is connected to the rotating handle through the lever.

According to some embodiments, the pole slide is driven and controlled by an electromagnetic controller.

According to some embodiments, a plurality of electromagnetic coils are provided on the pole support frame around the circumference of the fulcrum, and a magnet that cooperates with the plurality of electromagnetic coils is provided on the pole slide.

According to some embodiments, the plurality of electromagnetic coils are used to control the magnets on the pole slide to switch in different preset positions.

According to one aspect of the present application, a Dewar assembly is proposed, including the variable F-number cold screen as described above.

According to one aspect of the present application, an infrared detector is proposed, including the Dewar assembly as described above.

Based on the above-mentioned variable F-number cold screen, Dewar components and infrared detectors, the variable F-number cold screen has a simple structural design and realizes control of the size of the cold screen opening, which can be conveniently, quickly and effectively realized under vacuum packaging. The F number of the infrared detector cold screen is variable and avoids vacuum heat leakage of Dewar components.

In order to further understand the features and technical content of this application, please refer to the following detailed description and drawings of this application. However, these descriptions and drawings are only used to illustrate this application and do not limit the scope of protection of this application. .

Description of the drawings

The embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of this disclosure, are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure. The illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure and their descriptions are used to explain the present disclosure and do not constitute improper limitations on the present disclosure. In the attached picture:

Figure 1 shows a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of a variable F-number cold screen according to an example embodiment of the present application.

Figure 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a cold screen according to an example embodiment of the present application.

3-5 illustrate schematic diagrams of different opening positions of an iris diaphragm according to example embodiments of the present application.

FIG. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of a fixed-groove slide of a variable F-number cold screen according to an example embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of a rotating slide of a variable F-number cold screen according to an example embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 8 shows a schematic structural diagram of a baffle of a variable F-number cold screen according to an example embodiment of the present application.

9-11 illustrate schematic diagrams of different working positions of the pole slide of the side swing member according to example embodiments of the present application.

Detailed ways

In the following, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art would realize, the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways, all without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not restrictive.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " The directions indicated by "back", "left", "right", "upright", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" etc. or The positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically limited.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stated and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connection, or integral connection: it can be mechanical connection, electrical connection or mutual communication; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediary, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction of two elements relation. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly stated and limited, a first feature "on" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features. Not in direct contact but through additional characteristic contact between them. Furthermore, the terms "above", "above" and "above" the first feature "above" the second feature include the first feature being directly above and diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. "Below", "below" and "beneath" the first feature of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less horizontally than the second feature.

The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples of various structures for implementing the invention. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the present invention may repeat reference numbers and/or reference letters in different examples, such repetition being for purposes of simplicity and clarity and does not itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or arrangements discussed. In addition, the present invention provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize the application of other processes and/or the use of other materials.

The infrared detector component is a vacuum component, and the cold screen part operates at low temperature (-190°C). The control of the movement of the low-temperature parts in the vacuum is different from the traditional camera F-number opening control method, and requires Traditional infrared detectors have not conducted in-depth research on the considerations of thermal insulation and action execution in low-temperature environments, and have not proposed effective solutions.

The internal aperture of the Dewar window can be considered as a cold aperture or cold stop. The F number of the cooled infrared detector is usually defined as the ratio of the distance from the cold stop to the detector and the diameter of the cold stop. When the detector and Dewar are assembled, the F number of the detector has been determined. The F number of standard cooled infrared detector products is usually 2 or 4. When a refrigerated detector with a fixed F value is used in an infrared imaging system, if the F number of the detector is smaller than that of the optical system, external stray radiation (stray light in the infrared band) will enter the detector. When the F number of the detector is too large, The cold stop will block part of the imaging light, causing vignetting. Therefore, in order to better match the optical system, the variable F-number infrared detector can switch between a large field of view and a small field of view, search for targets within the large field of view, and identify and track targets within the small field of view, which is beneficial to military target reconnaissance and Monitor. The F value of traditional infrared detectors is fixed, so its final field of view is fixed, so its application range is limited.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described here are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the application.

Figure 1 shows a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of a variable F-number cold screen according to an example embodiment of the present application.

Figure 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a cold screen according to an example embodiment of the present application.

As shown in Figures 1-2, according to an example embodiment of the present application, the present application discloses a variable F-number cold screen 10, which includes a cold screen 100, a variable diaphragm 200 and a side swing member 300, wherein the variable diaphragm The component 200 is disposed at the open end of the cold screen 100; the side swing component 300 is disposed on the side wall of the cold screen 100, coupled to the variable diaphragm component 200, and used to control and adjust the diaphragm through hole of the variable diaphragm component 200. Size, so that the F number of the cold screen 100 changes. The variable F-number cold screen 10 has a simple structural design and realizes the control of the opening size of the cold screen 100. It can conveniently, quickly and effectively realize the variable F-number of the infrared detector cold screen 100 under vacuum packaging.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the cold screen 100 is configured as a large opening and is designed as a concentric circular aperture structure. In addition, three supporting and fixed structures are provided along the circumferential direction at the opening end of the cold screen 100 for setting the variable diaphragm 200 .

3-5 illustrate schematic diagrams of different opening positions of an iris diaphragm according to example embodiments of the present application.

As shown in Figures 3-5, according to the embodiment of the present application, the iris diaphragm 200 includes a fixed groove slide 2001, a rotating slide 2003 and a plurality of baffles 2005.

The fixed groove slide 2001 is disposed at the open end of the cold screen 100, and has an aperture through hole 20013 at the center of the fixed groove slide 2001. The rotating slide 2003 is movably connected to the fixed groove slide 2001. A plurality of baffles 2005 are coupled to the fixed groove slide 2001 and the rotating slide 2003. Among them, the rotating slide 2003 is concentrically rotated relative to the fixed groove slide 2001, driving a plurality of baffles 2005 to move, causing the size of the aperture through hole 20013 to change. The fixed groove slide 2001 restricts the rotating slide 2003 to perform circular motion to drive the directional movement of the plurality of baffles 2005, thereby controlling the size of the aperture through hole 20013.

FIG. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of a fixed-groove slide of a variable F-number cold screen according to an example embodiment of the present application.

As shown in FIG. 6 , according to the embodiment of the present application, the fixed groove slide 2001 includes a plurality of fixing parts 20011 , a plurality of centrifugal grooves 20017 and a plurality of concentric grooves 20015 .

The plurality of fixing parts 20011 are used to fix the fixed groove slide 2001 on the cold screen 100. The plurality of baffles 2005 are movably engaged in the plurality of centrifugal grooves 20017 and the plurality of concentric grooves 20015 respectively, thereby defining the movement trajectories of the plurality of baffles 2005.

According to the embodiment of the present application, a plurality of centrifugal grooves 20017 are distributed on the first circle with the center of the aperture through hole 20013 as the center, and the plurality of concentric grooves 20015 are distributed on the second circle with the center of the aperture through hole 20013 as the center. , the second circumference is smaller than the first circumference, and the number of the plurality of centrifugal grooves 20017 and the number of concentric grooves 20015 are the same.

FIG. 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of a rotating slide of a variable F-number cold screen according to an example embodiment of the present application.

As shown in FIG. 7 , according to the embodiment of the present application, the rotating slide 2003 includes a rotating handle 20031 and a plurality of fixing holes 20033 . The rotating handle 20031 is coupled to the side swing member 300 . The plurality of fixing holes 20033 are respectively matched with the plurality of concentric grooves 20015.

FIG. 8 shows a schematic structural diagram of a baffle of a variable F-number cold screen according to an example embodiment of the present application.

Referring to Figure 8, it can be seen that according to the embodiment of the present application, each baffle 2005 includes a fixing part 20051 and a sliding part 20053. The fixing part 20051 passes through the fixing hole 20033 and is limited in the concentric groove 20015. A fixing part is provided at the end of the fixing part 20051. ring to prevent the baffle 2005 from detaching. The sliding member 20053 is limited in the centrifugal tank 20017.

According to the embodiment of the present application, the aperture through hole 20013 can be set in a square, circular, polygonal or other shape, which is not specifically limited in this application. The movement direction of the plurality of baffles 2005 is perpendicular to the opening edge direction of the aperture through hole 20013. The number of multiple baffles 2005 can be set to four, which is not specifically limited in this application.

Among them, the center of the fixed groove slide 2001 has the largest aperture through hole 20013, and there are centrifugal grooves 20017 and concentric grooves 20015 on the periphery. Its arc length is designed to meet the requirements of adjusting the size of the aperture through hole 20013. The rotation angle of the piece 2003 is carried out. The fixing part 20051 at the rear end of the baffle 2005 is installed in conjunction with the concentric groove 20015, the sliding part 20053 of the baffle 2005 is installed in conjunction with the centrifugal groove 20017, and the rotating slide 2003 is installed between the baffle 2005 and the fixed groove slide 2001. The fixing piece 20051 at the rear end of 2005 passes through the fixing hole 20033 of the rotating slide 2003 and is installed in conjunction with the concentric groove 20015. The rotating slide 2003 performs concentric rotation relative to the fixed groove slide 2001, driving multiple baffles 2005 to move simultaneously. At the same time, the sliding parts 20053 of the multiple baffles 2005 follow the path of the centrifugal groove 20017 of the fixed groove slide 2001 along the groove direction. Movement causes the movement direction of the baffle 2005 to move parallel to the opening edge direction of the aperture through hole 20013, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the opening size of the aperture through hole 20013, that is, controlling the F value of the cold screen 100.

9-11 illustrate schematic diagrams of different working positions of the pole slide of the side swing member according to example embodiments of the present application.

Referring to Figures 9-11, it can be seen that according to the embodiment of the present application, the side swing member 300 includes a vertical pole support frame 3001 and a vertical pole sliding piece 3004.

The vertical pole support frame 3001 is arranged on the cold screen 100. The pole slide 3004 is movably connected to the pole support frame 3001 and can swing around the fulcrum on the pole support frame 3001. The pole slide 3004 is connected to the rotating handle 20031 through the lever 400. The vertical pole support frame 3001 is provided with a rotating rod 3002, and the vertical pole sliding piece 3004 is provided with a through hole that matches the rotating rod 3002. After the vertical pole sliding piece 3004 is arranged on the rotating rod 3002, it is set at the end of the rotating rod 3002. There is a pole fixing ring 3005 for slidably fixing the pole slide 3004 to the rotating pole 3002.

According to the embodiment of the present application, the pole slide 3004 is driven and controlled by an electromagnetic controller. The variable F value cold screen 100 structure of the present application can be applied in a liquid nitrogen temperature environment. After the conversion cycle from normal temperature to liquid nitrogen temperature, it still has the operation function, which improves the reliability of the parts. Moreover, the electromagnetic drive control method used in this application avoids heat transfer inside the vacuum environment of the Dewar component, making it possible to use it in the vacuum packaging of the Dewar component of the infrared detector.

A plurality of electromagnetic coils 3003 are arranged on the pole support frame 3001 around the circumference of the fulcrum, and a magnet 3006 that cooperates with the plurality of electromagnetic coils 3003 is arranged on the pole slide 3004.

A plurality of electromagnetic coils 3003 are used to control the magnets 3006 on the pole slide 3004 to switch in different preset positions.

The side swing member 300 is driven by an electromagnetic driver to adjust the movement position of the vertical rod slide 3004, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the opening size of the variable aperture member 200, and further completing the normal operation of the variable F-number cold screen 10 Function. The movement of the rotating handle 20031 of the rotating slide 2003 on the variable diaphragm 200 is controlled by the side swing member 300. The rotating slide 2003 and the vertical rod slide 3004 are connected through the lever 400, and the electromagnetic coil 3003 and the electromagnetic The effect of time is to control the swing angle of the vertical rod slide 3004.

According to one aspect of the present application, a Dewar assembly is proposed, including the variable F-number cold screen 10 as above.

The variable F-number cold screen 10 is used in the Dewar component of the infrared detector. Due to the restrictive requirements of vacuum and thermal insulation of the Dewar component, this application uses electromagnetic drive to control the Dewar by changing the electrical signal control method. The movement of the parts inside the assembly controls the size of the opening of the cold screen 100, thereby controlling the F number of the cold screen. The variable F-number cold shield 100 can effectively prevent vacuum short circuit failure caused by contact between the moving parts inside the Dewar component and the outside of the Dewar component.

According to one aspect of the present application, an infrared detector is proposed, including the above Dewar component.

Finally, it should be noted that the above are only exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. Although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it is still The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may be modified, or some of the technical features may be equivalently replaced. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of this disclosure shall be included in the protection scope of this disclosure.

Claims (6)

1. A variable F-number cold screen for Dewar components, which is characterized by including: cold screen; A variable diaphragm member is provided at the open end of the cold screen; A side swing member is provided on the side wall of the cold screen, coupled to the variable diaphragm member, and is used to control and adjust the size of the aperture through hole of the variable diaphragm member to increase the F number of the cold screen. Variety; The variable diaphragm components include: A fixed-groove slide is provided at the open end of the cold screen, and has an aperture through hole at the center of the fixed-groove slide; The rotating slide includes a rotating handle, and the rotating slide is movably connected to the fixed groove slide; A plurality of baffles coupled to the fixed groove slide and the rotating slide; wherein, Make the rotating slide plate concentrically rotate relative to the fixed groove slide plate, driving the plurality of baffles to move, so as to change the size of the aperture through hole; The side swing member includes: A vertical pole support frame is arranged on the cold screen; The vertical pole sliding piece is movably connected to the vertical pole support frame and can swing around the fulcrum on the vertical pole support frame. The vertical pole sliding piece is connected to the rotating handle through a lever. The vertical pole sliding piece The chip is driven and controlled by an electromagnetic controller; The fixed groove slide includes: A plurality of fixing parts used to fix the fixed groove slide plate on the cold screen; A plurality of centrifugal grooves and a plurality of concentric grooves, the plurality of baffles are movably engaged in the plurality of centrifugal grooves and the plurality of concentric grooves respectively, thereby defining the movement trajectories of the plurality of baffles; The rotating slide also includes: A plurality of fixing holes, the plurality of fixing holes are respectively matched with the plurality of concentric grooves; Each of the bezels includes: a fixing piece that passes through the fixing hole and is located in the concentric groove; The sliding member is limited in the centrifugal tank. 2. The variable F-number cold screen according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of centrifugal grooves are distributed on the first circumference with the center of the aperture through hole as the center, and the plurality of concentric grooves Distributed on a second circumference centered on the center of the aperture through hole, the second circumference is smaller than the first circumference, and the number of the plurality of centrifugal grooves is the same as the number of the concentric grooves. 3. The variable F-number cold screen according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of electromagnetic coils are arranged on the pole support frame around the circumference of the fulcrum, and the pole slide is provided with a plurality of electromagnetic coils connected to the pole slide. Multiple electromagnetic coils matched with one magnet. 4. The variable F-number cold screen according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of electromagnetic coils are used to control the magnets on the pole slide to switch between different preset positions. 5. A Dewar component, characterized by comprising the variable F-number cold screen according to any one of claims 1-4. 6. An infrared detector, characterized by comprising the Dewar assembly according to claim 5.