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CN114572181B - A tractor PTO control system and control method - Google Patents

A tractor PTO control system and control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114572181B
CN114572181B CN202210245912.XA CN202210245912A CN114572181B CN 114572181 B CN114572181 B CN 114572181B CN 202210245912 A CN202210245912 A CN 202210245912A CN 114572181 B CN114572181 B CN 114572181B
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China
Prior art keywords
pto
clutch
torque
switch
controller
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CN114572181A (en
Inventor
王建华
郭富强
王界中
元宁
杨志刚
许家俊
赵心
薛占坡
付田志
尹海峰
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First Tractor Co Ltd
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First Tractor Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/02Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of driveline clutches
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/18Propelling the vehicle
    • B60W30/18009Propelling the vehicle related to particular drive situations
    • B60W30/18109Braking

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Agricultural Machines (AREA)

Abstract

A control system of a tractor PTO comprises a PTO control system, a vehicle control system, a signal detection system, a PTO execution system, a signal transmission system and a display system. On the basis of the control system, the control method ensures that the PTO control system can work normally, and comprises a manual mode and an automatic mode, wherein the manual mode directly controls the PTO clutch, and the automatic mode can automatically combine or open the clutch according to the condition of the lifting height change, so that the field operation is convenient. In the clutch combining process, the required torque is calculated by utilizing a PID algorithm according to the target torque, the actual rotating speed and the actual torque, then the torque is converted into pressure, and then the pressure is converted into current, so that the electromagnetic valve is driven to execute clutch operation. The control method enables the request torque to be finally equal to the target torque through iteration, the whole combination process is a slow change process, the agricultural implement can be ensured to work slowly, and the driving comfort is improved. The PTO can be stopped from rotating immediately by the PTO brake switch, so that the operation safety is ensured.

Description

Tractor PTO control system and control method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tractors, in particular to a tractor PTO control system and a control method.
Background
With the increase of the degree of agricultural mechanization. In the operation process of the tractor, the application range of the power output shaft is larger and larger, and the PTO is not only limited to provide power for traditional agricultural machinery such as rotary tillers and the like, but also required to provide power for novel agricultural machinery such as seeding machines, fertilizing and pesticide spraying machines, intertillage ridgers and the like so as to meet the working requirements. Because the demands of farm tools on the PTO rotation speed are different, proper engine rotation speed needs to be selected according to the matching of different farm tools, and the requirement of the PTO rotation speed is met, so that the improvement of the working quality is very necessary.
During operation, when the tractor turns, the farm implement needs to be lifted. At this time, the driver often needs to manually cut off the PTO clutch to stop the power output of the PTO, and after the tractor driving route is adjusted, the driver manually engages the PTO clutch again to re-output the power from the PTO. The operation of the process is relatively complex, the operation level requirement on the driver is high, the labor intensity of the driver is greatly increased, and the production efficiency is reduced. It would therefore be of great value to design a reasonable set of PTO control systems to improve current operating conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the control system and the control method for the PTO of the tractor, which not only can enable farm tools to be better matched with the rotating speed of an engine, but also can better cope with various complex working environments of the tractor, thereby reducing the labor intensity of a driver, improving the working efficiency and prolonging the service life of the farm tools.
In order to achieve the technical aim, the technical scheme adopted is that the tractor PTO control system comprises a PTO control system, a vehicle control system, a signal detection system, a PTO execution system, a signal transmission system and a display system;
the vehicle control system comprises a PTO controller, a whole vehicle controller, an engine controller and a lifting controller, wherein the PTO controller is connected with a PTO control system, a signal detection system and a PTO execution system, and the PTO controller is respectively connected with the whole vehicle controller, the engine controller, the lifting controller and a display system through a signal transmission system;
The PTO executing system mainly comprises a PTO clutch, a PTO brake and corresponding electromagnetic valves.
The PTO control system consists of a cab PTO switch, an automatic PTO switch, an external PTO switch, a 540 gear switch, a 1000 gear switch, a PTO brake switch and an automatic calibration switch, wherein the automatic calibration switch is a resettable switch, and can be automatically sprung after being pressed down.
The signal transmission system is a CAN communication module.
The display system is used for displaying the PTO rotating speed, the PTO gear state, the PTO power, the PTO combination state and the mode state.
A control method of a tractor PTO control system, comprising the steps of:
step 1, after the tractor is electrified, starting an engine, sending a rotating speed signal to a PTO controller by the engine controller, checking the rotating speed of the engine by the PTO controller, and executing the next step after the rotating speed of the engine is higher than a set threshold value;
step 2, detecting a PTO brake switch by a PTO controller, wherein the PTO brake switch is in a closed state, and executing the next operation;
step 3, the PTO controller detects whether the PTO gear is combined, and when the 540 gear switch or the 1000 gear switch is combined with any one, the next step is executed;
Step 4, the PTO controller detects whether the automatic PTO switch is combined, if the automatic PTO switch is combined, the control system is judged to enter an automatic mode, and if the automatic PTO switch is not combined, the external PTO switch is in a normally closed state, and the control system is judged to enter a manual mode;
Step 5, under the automatic mode, the PTO controller receives a lifting height signal of the lifting controller, when the lifting height exceeds 30%, the control system executes an automatic mode opening working condition, and when the lifting height is lower than 30%, the control system executes an automatic mode combining working condition;
Step 6, under the manual mode, when the PTO controller detects that the cab PTO switch or the PTO brake switch is combined, the control system executes the manual mode combining working condition, and when the cab PTO switch or the PTO brake switch is not combined, the control system executes the manual mode opening working condition;
step 7, the control system executes one of the opening working conditions or the combination working conditions set in the PTO controller according to the specific instruction, and each working condition correspondingly sets the PTO target torque, the target rotating speed and the target pressure;
Step 8, the PTO controller detects a rotating speed signal through a signal detection system, if the target rotating speed is reached, the clutch is completely combined, at the moment, the target torque corresponding to the target rotating speed is set as the current request torque, step 10 is executed, if the target rotating speed is not reached, step 9 is executed, the initial request torque is used as the iteration request torque for the first time, and then the current request torque value of the previous period is used as the iteration request torque, and the next operation is executed;
Step 9, the PTO controller detects actual torque through the signal detection system, judges whether the iterative request torque reaches the target torque, if the iterative request torque reaches the target torque, outputs a fault and carries out corresponding fault treatment, if the iterative request torque does not reach the target torque, a PID control algorithm is adopted to calculate a torque increment value according to the actual torque detected by the PTO controller and the speed difference of two ends of the clutch, then the iterative torque is accumulated, and finally the current request torque value is output by combining the PTO with a gear and a torque limit value;
Step 10, converting the current request torque value into a corresponding pressure value, wherein in the clutch combination process, an oil filling process exists, and after oil filling is completed, the request pressure value after torque conversion is output;
step 11, converting the request pressure value into a corresponding current value, driving a clutch electromagnetic valve, and executing combination and opening actions by a clutch;
Step 12, the PTO controller detects the actual pressure of the clutch, if the actual pressure reaches the target pressure, the clutch operation is completed, and if the actual pressure does not meet the target pressure, the step 8 is executed.
In the step 10, the oil filling process of the clutch needs to calibrate the oil filling time and the bonding point pressure, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 10.1, after the tractor is electrified, starting the engine, receiving a rotating speed signal of the engine controller, parking, oil temperature and seat switch signals of the whole vehicle controller, detecting rotating speed, torque and pressure signals and various switch signals in a PTO control system by a signal detection system, and processing the signals;
step 10.2, judging that the clutch meets the calibration conditions, wherein the calibration conditions comprise that the rotating speed of the engine is higher than the rotating speed when the maximum torque of the external characteristic is 80%, 1 gear switch 540 or 1 gear switch 1000 is combined, the oil temperature is higher than 20 ℃, and the parking switch is combined to execute the next step;
Step 10.3, calibrating the corresponding relation between clutch pressure and electromagnetic valve current, recording the actual pressure value of the PTO clutch by giving the electromagnetic valve current of the clutch, and finally calculating the corresponding relation between pressure and current;
Step 10.4, the PTO controller detects whether an automatic calibration switch is combined, and if so, the oil filling pressure and the oil filling times are set;
step 10.5, converting the oil filling pressure into current, at the moment, starting to drive the electromagnetic valve, and starting to fill oil into the clutch;
Step 10.6, the PTO controller detects whether the PTO rotation speed is increased, the PTO rotation speed is small or not before the clutch is combined, when the clutch rotation speed starts to rise, the calibration is judged to be completed, the oil filling time and the oil filling pressure are recorded, then the oil filling pressure is set to zero, and meanwhile the oil filling times are increased once;
And 10.7, judging whether the oil filling times meet the target oil filling times, if not, carrying out the next calibration, if so, completing the automatic calibration, calculating the average value of the oil filling time of the clutch and the pressure value of the clutch attaching point, and taking the average value as a calibration value for storage.
7. A control method of a tractor PTO control system according to claim 1, wherein the threshold value set in step 1 is a low rotation speed value when the torque on the engine external characteristic reaches 80% of the maximum torque.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
during PTO operation, an automatic mode is selected, the PTO clutch can be automatically opened or combined according to the lifting height, and a driver can concentrate on other operations to improve the operation efficiency.
After the operation is stopped, the PTO can be braked according to the requirement, so that the PTO rotation speed is stopped immediately, and the safety of the whole vehicle is improved.
In the executing process of the clutch, the clutch is controlled and regulated according to the variables such as the rotating speed, the torque, the pressure and the like, so that the clutch combining process is smooth and soft, agricultural implements are protected, and the driving comfort is improved.
Before the PTO clutch is used, the corresponding relation between the electromagnetic valve current and the clutch pressure is calibrated, then the oil filling time and the laminating point pressure of the clutch are automatically calibrated, the response speed of the clutch in combination can be improved, and meanwhile, the combination process is smoother.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a PTO control system;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a PTO clutch control method;
Fig. 3 is a flow chart for automatic calibration of the PTO clutch.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention discloses a tractor PTO control system. The control system may be divided into five parts including a PTO operator system, a vehicle control system, a signal detection system, a PTO implement system, a signal transmission system, and a display system.
The vehicle control system comprises a PTO controller, a whole vehicle controller, an engine controller and a lifting controller, wherein the PTO controller is directly connected with a PTO control system, a signal detection system and a PTO execution system, and the PTO controller is respectively connected with the whole vehicle controller, the engine controller, the lifting controller and a display system through a signal transmission system. The PTO executing system mainly comprises a PTO clutch, a PTO brake and corresponding electromagnetic valves. The signal transmission system CAN be a CAN communication module.
The driver operating system consists of a cab PTO switch, an automatic PTO switch, an external PTO switch, a 540 gear switch, a 1000 gear switch, a PTO brake switch and an automatic calibration switch. At a certain engine speed, the 540-gear switch and the 1000-gear switch can ensure that the rotation speed of the PTO output shaft is stabilized at 540rpm and 1000rpm, respectively. The two switches correspond to two different transmission ratios, one of the two switches is selected, and the rotation speed of the engine is regulated, so that the rotation speed of the output shaft of the PTO meets the requirements of farm tools.
The vehicle control system mainly comprises a PTO controller, a whole vehicle controller, an engine controller and a lifting controller, which are connected through a CAN communication module. In the vehicle control system, data transmission CAN be carried out among the controllers through the CAN communication module, an engine rotating speed signal is sent to the PTO controller by the engine controller, and the display system CAN also obtain signals from the PTO controller through the CAN communication module for displaying relevant information such as actual PTO rotating speed, PTO gear state, PTO power, PTO combination state, mode state and the like.
As shown in fig. 1, the signal detection system is composed of a PTO speed sensor, a torque sensor, and a pressure sensor.
The lift height signal is sent by the lift controller to the PTO controller. Signals such as a whole vehicle parking switch, an oil temperature and a seat switch are sent to the PTO controller by the whole vehicle controller. The PTO controller sends information such as PTO rotation speed, PTO power, PTO gear information, automatic PTO, PTO combination status and the like to the display through the CAN communication module, so that a driver CAN conveniently operate the whole vehicle, and the working efficiency is improved.
A control method of a tractor PTO control system, comprising the steps of:
Step 1, after the tractor is electrified, starting the engine, sending a rotating speed signal to the PTO controller by the engine controller, checking the rotating speed of the engine by the PTO controller, and executing the next step only after the rotating speed of the engine is higher than a set threshold (a low rotating speed value when the torque of the engine reaches 80% of the maximum torque), thereby ensuring that the engine has stronger power output and avoiding flameout of the engine when the PTO is combined.
Step 2, the PTO controller detects the PTO brake switch, and only if the PTO brake switch is in a closed state, the next operation can be executed, the phenomenon of stopping the vehicle is avoided, and if the PTO brake switch is in an activated state, the brake electromagnetic valve is in a conducting state, so that the brake is enabled.
Step 3, the PTO controller detects whether the PTO gear is combined, and the 540-gear switch and the 1000-gear switch are combined only by one, so that the rest parts of the PTO power transmission chain except the clutch are in a combined state.
And 4, detecting whether the automatic PTO switch is combined or not by the PTO controller, and if the automatic PTO switch is combined, judging whether the control system enters an automatic mode or not by combining internal or external switches of the PTO, wherein the judgment of the automatic mode is not influenced. If the automatic mode switch is not combined, the external PTO switch is in a normally closed state, and the control system is judged to enter a manual mode, namely the manual mode is defaulted.
And 5, under the automatic mode, the PTO controller receives a lifting height signal of the lifting controller, when the lifting height exceeds 30%, the control system executes an automatic mode opening working condition, and when the lifting height is lower than 30%, the control system executes an automatic mode combining working condition.
And 6, under the manual mode, when the PTO controller detects that the internal PTO switch or the external PTO switch is combined, the control system executes the manual mode combining working condition, and when the manual mode combining working condition is not combined, the control system executes the manual mode opening working condition.
And 7, the control system executes one of the opening working conditions or the automatic combination working conditions according to the specific instruction, and each working condition correspondingly sets the target torque, the target rotating speed and the target pressure of the PTO and sets the initial request torque.
Step 8, the PTO controller detects a rotating speed signal through a signal detection system, if the target rotating speed is reached, the clutch is completely combined, at the moment, the target torque corresponding to the target rotating speed is set as the current request torque, step 10 is executed, if the target rotating speed is not reached, step 9 is executed, the initial request torque is used as the iteration request torque for the first time, and then the current request torque value of the previous period is used as the iteration request torque, and the next operation is executed;
Step 9, the PTO controller detects actual torque through the signal detection system, judges whether the iterative request torque reaches the target torque, if the iterative request torque reaches the target torque, outputs a fault and carries out corresponding fault treatment, if the iterative request torque does not reach the target torque, a PID control algorithm is adopted to calculate a torque increment value according to the actual torque detected by the PTO controller and the speed difference of two ends of the clutch, then the iterative torque is accumulated, and finally the current request torque value is output by combining the PTO with a gear and a torque limit value;
Step 10, converting the current request torque value into a corresponding pressure value, wherein in the clutch combination process, an oil filling process exists, and after oil filling is completed, the request pressure value after torque conversion is output;
And step 11, converting the pressure value into a corresponding current value, driving a clutch electromagnetic valve, and executing the combination and opening actions of the clutch.
Step 12, the PTO controller detects the actual clutch pressure, and if the target pressure is reached, the clutch operation is completed. If the pressure is not met, step 8 is performed.
Further, in the step 10, the oil filling process of the clutch needs to calibrate the oil filling time and the pressure of the bonding point, and the steps are as follows:
and 10.1, starting the engine after the tractor is electrified, receiving a rotating speed signal of the engine controller, parking, oil temperature and seat switch signals of the whole vehicle controller, and a sensor and various switch signals connected with the PTO controller by the PTO controller, and processing the signals.
And 10.2, when the rotating speed of the engine is higher than the rotating speed when the maximum torque of the external characteristic is 80%, and the combination of the PTO gear switches is 1, and when the oil temperature is higher than 20 ℃ and the parking combination is in other states, judging that the clutch meets the calibration condition.
And 10.3, calibrating the corresponding relation between the clutch pressure and the electromagnetic valve current, recording the actual pressure value of the PTO clutch by giving the clutch electromagnetic valve current, and finally calculating the corresponding relation between the pressure and the current, wherein the corresponding relation is not limited to the forms of a calculation formula, a table lookup and the like.
And 10.4, detecting whether an automatic calibration switch is combined by the PTO controller, and setting the oil filling pressure and the oil filling times if the automatic calibration switch is combined.
And 10.5, converting the oil filling pressure into current, at the moment, starting to drive the electromagnetic valve, and starting to fill the clutch with oil.
And 10.6, detecting whether the PTO rotational speed is increased or not by the PTO controller, wherein the PTO rotational speed is small or not before the clutch is combined, judging that the calibration is finished when the clutch rotational speed starts to increase, recording the oil filling time and the oil filling pressure, setting the oil filling pressure to be zero, increasing the oil filling times once, and continuing to fill oil if the PTO rotational speed is not increased.
And 10.7, judging whether the oil filling times meet the target oil filling times, if not, carrying out the next calibration, and if so, completing the automatic calibration, and calculating and storing the average value of the oil filling time of the clutch and the pressure of the joint point of the clutch as the calibration value of the automatic calibration.
During actual operation, after the driver starts the tractor, the PTO controller first checks the engine speed signal and if the engine speed is below 1100rpm, the PTO controller will not perform the relevant action. Above 1100rpm, the PTO brake switch would be checked and if the PTO brake switch is in the engaged state, the PTO clutch would not be engaged. When the PTO brake switch is not closed, after 540 gear or 1000 gear is selected, the corresponding switch is combined, then the working mode of the PTO is judged according to whether the automatic PTO switch is combined, if the combination is the automatic mode, the combination is not the manual mode, and in the control system, the manual mode is defaulted. When the automatic mode is selected, the PTO can be combined and opened according to the lifting height, when the lifting height is smaller than 30%, the working condition of the PTO can be judged to be an automatic mode combination state, each working condition can output corresponding target rotating speed, target torque and target pressure, when the lifting height is larger than 30%, the working condition of the PTO is judged to be an automatic mode opening working condition, when the automatic PTO is not combined, but when a cab PTO switch or an external PTO switch is combined, the manual mode combination working condition is entered, and if the automatic PTO is not combined, the manual mode opening working condition is entered. And selecting a working condition according to the operation instruction, wherein the corresponding target rotating speed, the target torque and the target pressure are used as target values of the control system. The control method firstly judges whether the PTO rotation speed reaches the target rotation speed, if so, the target torque rotation speed is set as the request torque, thus the maximum allowable current can be obtained, and the complete combination of the clutch is ensured. If the target rotating speed is not reached, judging whether the actual torque reaches the maximum torque, if so, reporting a fault at the moment, and indicating that the clutch slips and the fault processing is needed. If the maximum torque is not reached, PID control adjustment is carried out on the actual torque and the actual rotating speed according to the target torque and the target rotating speed, the requested torque is calculated, and meanwhile the torque change rate is limited, so that the whole combination process is smoother. Finally, whether the adjusting process is finished or not is determined according to whether the clutch pressure reaches the target pressure or not, if the clutch pressure does not reach the target pressure, whether the PTO rotating speed reaches the target rotating speed or not needs to be judged again, and the adjustment is judged and carried out smoothly again.
Before the PTO clutch works, the PTO clutch needs to be calibrated, namely the oil charging time and the laminating point pressure of the PTO clutch are calibrated, wherein the laminating point pressure is the pressure when the friction plate of the clutch is contacted but does not transmit torque but the rotating speed is slightly increased, and the oil charging time is the time from the start of calibration execution to the laminating point pressure. The clutch automatic calibration is carried out by firstly meeting calibration conditions, such as the conditions that the engine speed exceeds 1100rpm, the PTO gear is combined, the parking switch is combined, the seat switch is combined, the oil temperature is greater than 20 degrees, and the like, and after the conditions are met, firstly calibrating the corresponding relation between current and pressure, recording the corresponding clutch pressure by adjusting the current value, and completing the primary calibration. Then detecting whether the automatic calibration switch is combined or not, wherein the control method adopts a rising edge signal of the switch, when the signal is detected, the automatic calibration switch starts to calibrate, the oil filling pressure is set to be 1.1MPa, the oil filling times are 3, and the pressure is converted into current to drive the electromagnetic valve to work. When an increase in PTO speed is detected, this indicates that one charge is complete. After the calibration is completed for 3 times, the average of the oil filling time and the pressure of the joint point is calculated, and then the average is stored in the controller, and if the average is less than 3 times, the next calibration iteration is carried out.

Claims (5)

1.一种拖拉机PTO控制系统的控制方法,所述的拖拉机PTO控制系统包括PTO操纵系统、车辆控制系统、信号检测系统、PTO执行系统、信号传输系统以及显示系统;1. A control method for a tractor PTO control system, wherein the tractor PTO control system comprises a PTO operating system, a vehicle control system, a signal detection system, a PTO execution system, a signal transmission system and a display system; 车辆控制系统包括PTO控制器、整车控制器、发动机控制器和提升控制器,PTO控制器上连接有PTO操纵系统、信号检测系统和PTO执行系统,PTO控制器通过信号传输系统分别连接整车控制器、发动机控制器、提升控制器和显示系统;The vehicle control system includes a PTO controller, a vehicle controller, an engine controller and a lifting controller. The PTO controller is connected to a PTO operating system, a signal detection system and a PTO execution system. The PTO controller is respectively connected to the vehicle controller, the engine controller, the lifting controller and the display system through a signal transmission system. PTO执行系统主要由PTO离合器、PTO制动器组成及相应的电磁阀组成;The PTO execution system is mainly composed of PTO clutch, PTO brake and corresponding solenoid valve; 所述的PTO操纵系统由驾驶室PTO开关、自动PTO开关、外部PTO开关、540挡位开关、1000挡位开关、PTO刹车开关及自动标定开关组成,其中,自动标定开关为可复位开关,按下后可自动弹起;The PTO control system is composed of a cab PTO switch, an automatic PTO switch, an external PTO switch, a 540 gear switch, a 1000 gear switch, a PTO brake switch and an automatic calibration switch, wherein the automatic calibration switch is a resettable switch that automatically pops up after being pressed; 其特征在于:Features: 包括以下步骤:The following steps are involved: 步骤1、拖拉机上电后,启动发动机,发动机控制器将转速信号发送给PTO控制器,PTO控制器检查发动机转速,发动机转速高于设定阈值后,执行下一步;Step 1: After the tractor is powered on, the engine is started, and the engine controller sends a speed signal to the PTO controller. The PTO controller checks the engine speed. When the engine speed is higher than the set threshold, the next step is executed; 步骤2、PTO控制器检测PTO刹车开关,PTO刹车开关处于关闭状态,执行下一步操作;Step 2: The PTO controller detects the PTO brake switch. If the PTO brake switch is in the off state, the next step is executed; 步骤3、PTO控制器检测PTO挡位是否结合,当540挡位开关或1000挡位开关结合任意一个,执行下一步;Step 3: The PTO controller detects whether the PTO gear is engaged. When either the 540 gear switch or the 1000 gear switch is engaged, the next step is executed; 步骤4、PTO控制器检测自动PTO开关是否结合,如果自动PTO开关结合,判定控制系统进入自动模式,如果自动PTO开关不结合,外部PTO开关处于常闭状态,判定控制系统进入手动模式;Step 4, the PTO controller detects whether the automatic PTO switch is engaged. If the automatic PTO switch is engaged, it is determined that the control system enters the automatic mode. If the automatic PTO switch is not engaged, the external PTO switch is in a normally closed state, and it is determined that the control system enters the manual mode. 步骤5、在自动模式下,PTO控制器接受提升控制器的提升高度信号,当提升高度超过30%时,控制系统执行自动模式打开工况,低于30%时,执行自动模式结合工况;Step 5: In the automatic mode, the PTO controller receives the lifting height signal from the lifting controller. When the lifting height exceeds 30%, the control system executes the automatic mode opening condition. When it is less than 30%, the control system executes the automatic mode combined condition. 步骤6、在手动模式下,PTO控制器检测到驾驶室PTO开关或PTO刹车开关结合时,控制系统执行手动模式结合工况,当不结合时,控制系统执行手动模式打开工况;Step 6: In manual mode, when the PTO controller detects that the cab PTO switch or the PTO brake switch is engaged, the control system executes the manual mode engagement condition; when it is not engaged, the control system executes the manual mode opening condition; 步骤7、控制系统根据具体指令,执行PTO控制器内设置的其中一种打开工况或结合工况,每一种工况对应设定PTO目标扭矩、目标转速与目标压力,并设定初始请求扭矩;Step 7: The control system executes one of the opening conditions or combined conditions set in the PTO controller according to the specific instructions, and each condition corresponds to setting the PTO target torque, target speed and target pressure, and sets the initial request torque; 步骤8、PTO控制器通过信号检测系统检测转速信号,如果达到目标转速,离合器完全结合,此时将目标转速对应的目标扭矩设定为当前请求扭矩,执行步骤10;如果没有达到目标转速,执行步骤9;第一次将初始请求扭矩作为迭代请求扭矩,之后将上一周期的当前请求扭矩值作为迭代请求扭矩,执行下一步操作;Step 8, the PTO controller detects the speed signal through the signal detection system. If the target speed is reached and the clutch is fully engaged, the target torque corresponding to the target speed is set as the current request torque, and step 10 is executed; if the target speed is not reached, step 9 is executed; the initial request torque is used as the iterative request torque for the first time, and then the current request torque value of the previous cycle is used as the iterative request torque, and the next operation is executed; 步骤9、PTO控制器通过信号检测系统检测实际扭矩,判断迭代请求扭矩是否达到目标扭矩,如果达到目标扭矩,输出故障并进行相应的故障处理,如果没有达到目标扭矩,根据PTO控制器检测到的实际扭矩及离合器两端速差,采用PID控制算法,计算扭矩增加值,然后累加迭代扭,最终结合PTO结合挡位及扭矩限值,输出当前请求扭矩值;Step 9, the PTO controller detects the actual torque through the signal detection system, and determines whether the iterative request torque reaches the target torque. If the target torque is reached, a fault is output and corresponding fault processing is performed. If the target torque is not reached, the PID control algorithm is used to calculate the torque increase value based on the actual torque detected by the PTO controller and the speed difference at both ends of the clutch, and then the iterative torque is accumulated. Finally, the current request torque value is output in combination with the PTO gear and the torque limit. 步骤10、将当前请求扭矩值转换成相应的压力值,在离合器结合过程中,会有充油过程,充油完成后,输出扭矩转换后的请求压力值;Step 10: Convert the current requested torque value into a corresponding pressure value. During the clutch engagement process, there will be an oil filling process. After the oil filling is completed, the requested pressure value after the torque conversion is output; 步骤11、将请求压力值转换成对应的电流值,驱动离合器电磁阀,离合器执行结合与打开动作;Step 11: convert the requested pressure value into a corresponding current value, drive the clutch solenoid valve, and the clutch performs engagement and opening actions; 步骤12、PTO控制器检测离合器实际压力,如果达到目标压力,完成离合器操作,如果压力不满足,执行步骤8。Step 12: The PTO controller detects the actual clutch pressure. If the target pressure is reached, the clutch operation is completed. If the pressure is not satisfied, step 8 is executed. 2.如权利要求1所述的一种拖拉机PTO控制系统的控制方法,其特征在于:信号传输系统为CAN通信模块。2. A control method for a tractor PTO control system as described in claim 1, characterized in that the signal transmission system is a CAN communication module. 3.如权利要求1所述的一种拖拉机PTO控制系统的控制方法,其特征在于:显示系统用于显示PTO转速、PTO挡位状态、PTO功率、PTO结合状态、模式状态。3. A control method for a tractor PTO control system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: the display system is used to display PTO speed, PTO gear status, PTO power, PTO engagement status, and mode status. 4.如权利要求1所述的一种拖拉机PTO控制系统的控制方法,其特征在于:上述步骤10中,离合器的充油过程需要标定充油时间与贴合点压力,其步骤如下:4. A control method for a tractor PTO control system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the above step 10, the oil filling process of the clutch needs to calibrate the oil filling time and the contact point pressure, and the steps are as follows: 步骤10.1、拖拉机上电后,启动发动机,PTO控制器接受发动机控制器的转速信号,整车控制器的驻车、油温及座椅开关信号,信号检测系统检测的转速、扭矩、压力信号,以及PTO操纵系统内的各种开关信号,并对信号进行处理;Step 10.1, after the tractor is powered on, the engine is started, and the PTO controller receives the speed signal of the engine controller, the parking, oil temperature and seat switch signals of the vehicle controller, the speed, torque and pressure signals detected by the signal detection system, and various switch signals in the PTO control system, and processes the signals; 步骤10.2、判断离合器满足标定条件,标定条件包括发动机转速高于外特性最大扭矩80%时的转速,540挡位开关或1000挡位开关结合1个,油温高于20°C,驻车开关结合,执行下一步;Step 10.2: Determine that the clutch meets the calibration conditions, which include that the engine speed is higher than the speed at which the external characteristic maximum torque is 80%, one of the 540 gear switch or the 1000 gear switch is engaged, the oil temperature is higher than 20°C, and the parking switch is engaged, and then proceed to the next step; 步骤10.3、标定离合器压力与电磁阀电流的对应关系,通过给定离合器电磁阀电流,记录PTO离合器的实际压力值,最终计算出压力与电流的对应关系;Step 10.3, calibrate the corresponding relationship between the clutch pressure and the solenoid valve current, record the actual pressure value of the PTO clutch by giving the clutch solenoid valve current, and finally calculate the corresponding relationship between the pressure and the current; 步骤10.4、PTO控制器检测自动标定开关是否结合,如果结合,设定充油压力与充油次数;Step 10.4, the PTO controller detects whether the automatic calibration switch is engaged, and if so, sets the oil filling pressure and the number of oil filling times; 步骤10.5、将充油压力转换为电流,此时开始驱动电磁阀,离合器开始充油;Step 10.5, convert the oil filling pressure into current, start driving the solenoid valve, and the clutch starts filling with oil; 步骤10.6、PTO控制器检测PTO转速是否增加,离合器结合之前PTO转速会很小或没有,当离合器转速开始上升时,判定此次标定完成,记录充油时间与充油压力,然后将充油压力置零,同时充油次数增加一次;如果PTO转速没有增加,转回步骤10.5,继续进行充油;Step 10.6, the PTO controller detects whether the PTO speed increases. Before the clutch is engaged, the PTO speed will be very small or zero. When the clutch speed starts to rise, it is determined that the calibration is completed, and the oil filling time and oil filling pressure are recorded. Then the oil filling pressure is set to zero, and the oil filling times are increased by one. If the PTO speed does not increase, return to step 10.5 and continue to fill the oil. 步骤10.7、判定充油次数是否满足目标充油次数,若不满足进行下一次标定;如果满足,完成自动标定,计算离合器充油时间与离合器贴合点压力值的均值并作为标定值进行保存。Step 10.7, determine whether the number of oil filling times meets the target number of oil filling times, if not, perform the next calibration; if satisfied, complete the automatic calibration, calculate the average of the clutch oil filling time and the clutch contact point pressure value and save it as the calibration value. 5.如权利要求1所述的一种拖拉机PTO控制系统的控制方法,其特征在于:步骤1中设定阈值为发动机外特性曲线上扭矩达到最大扭矩80%时的低转速值。5. A control method for a tractor PTO control system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the threshold value set in step 1 is a low speed value when the torque on the engine external characteristic curve reaches 80% of the maximum torque.
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