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CN114589322B - Boring tool - Google Patents

Boring tool Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114589322B
CN114589322B CN202111522345.XA CN202111522345A CN114589322B CN 114589322 B CN114589322 B CN 114589322B CN 202111522345 A CN202111522345 A CN 202111522345A CN 114589322 B CN114589322 B CN 114589322B
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China
Prior art keywords
channel
cutting
tool
liquid outlet
outlet channel
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CN202111522345.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN114589322A (en
Inventor
施璐平
胡成杰
殷卓迪
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HANGZHOU SUPERIOR TRANSMISSION MACHINERY CO LTD
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HANGZHOU SUPERIOR TRANSMISSION MACHINERY CO LTD
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Priority to CN202111522345.XA priority Critical patent/CN114589322B/en
Publication of CN114589322A publication Critical patent/CN114589322A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23BTURNING; BORING
    • B23B27/00Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
    • B23B27/10Cutting tools with special provision for cooling
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Drilling And Boring (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a boring tool, which comprises a tool body, wherein the tool body is provided with a plurality of cutting bits, the tool body is provided with chip grooves, the tool body is provided with a main channel and a liquid outlet channel which corresponds to the cutting bits one by one, one end of the liquid outlet channel is connected with the main channel, the other end of the liquid outlet channel penetrates through the groove walls of the chip grooves, and the extending direction of the liquid outlet channel is aligned with the cutting bits. The invention can effectively cool the cutting tool bit and the cutting part when processing a plurality of workpieces with smaller apertures, and solves the problem that the cooling of the cutting part can not be realized because the traditional cooling mode does not have enough space to enable the liquid spraying pipe to extend into the hole together with the boring tool.

Description

Boring tool
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cutter, in particular to a boring cutter.
Background
The boring tool is a tool for machining an inner hole of a workpiece. The existing boring tool comprises a tool body, wherein a chip groove and a plurality of cutting tool bits are arranged on the tool body, the cutting tool bits are arranged in a step mode along the length direction of the tool body, and the cutting tool bits are used for cutting the inner wall of a hole in a workpiece, so that the finish machining of the hole is realized.
When the existing boring tool is actually processed, the boring tool is usually fixed on a machine tool, the boring tool does not rotate, a workpiece is clamped on a chuck, the workpiece rotates, and boring operation on the workpiece is realized through relative rotation and feeding movement between the workpiece and the boring tool. When the boring tool is in actual use, the cutting tool bit can generate a large amount of heat in the cutting process, so that the boring tool needs to be cooled, and the traditional cooling mode is to spray cooling liquid to the cutting part by using an external liquid spraying pipe, so that the purpose of cooling is realized. However, when the boring tool is actually used, the boring tool needs to extend into the hole of the workpiece, and particularly when a plurality of workpieces with smaller apertures are processed, enough space is not available for the liquid spraying pipe to extend into the hole together with the boring tool, so that cooling of the cutting part cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the prior boring tool needs to extend into the hole of a workpiece during actual processing, and when a plurality of workpieces with smaller apertures are processed, a liquid spraying pipe does not have enough space to extend into the hole together with the boring tool, so that cooling of a cutting part cannot be realized.
The invention aims at realizing the following technical scheme: the boring cutter comprises a cutter body, wherein the cutter body is provided with a plurality of cutting bits, chip grooves are formed in the cutter body, a main channel and liquid outlet channels which are in one-to-one correspondence with the cutting bits are formed in the cutter body, one end of each liquid outlet channel is connected with the main channel, the other end of each liquid outlet channel penetrates through the groove wall of each chip groove, and cooling liquid is sprayed to the corresponding cutting bit after being sprayed out of the corresponding liquid outlet channel.
In the invention, a boring tool is fixedly arranged on a tool rest on a machine tool. The main channel is connected with an external cooling liquid supply device through a pipeline, cooling liquid enters the cutter body from the main channel and is sprayed out from each liquid outlet channel, and the cooling liquid sprayed out from the liquid outlet channel is sprayed to the corresponding cutting tool bit, so that the cutting part is cooled. In the invention, the cooling liquid enters from the main channel in the cutter body and is sprayed out from each liquid outlet channel, thereby effectively realizing the cooling of the cutting bit and the cutting part; in addition, when the cutter is cooled, the cooling liquid is sprayed out from the channel inside the cutter body, and compared with the traditional cooling mode by means of an external liquid spraying pipe, the cutter has the following advantages: when a plurality of workpieces with smaller apertures are processed, the invention can also realize effective cooling of the cutting tool bit and the cutting part, and solves the problem that the cooling of the cutting part can not be realized because the traditional cooling mode does not have enough space to enable the liquid spraying pipe to extend into the inside of the hole together with the boring tool.
Preferably, the cutter body is made of tool steel.
Preferably, the cutting insert is made of nichrome steel.
Preferably, an opening control device is arranged at one end, close to the outer side of the cutter body, of the liquid outlet channel.
Preferably, the opening control device comprises a cylinder, wherein the end surface, close to the outer side of the cutter body, of the cylinder is a first end surface, and the other end surface is a second end surface; the cylinder is provided with a guide channel, a fixed block is arranged at a position, close to the first end face, in the guide channel, a sliding block and a limiting check ring for limiting the sliding block are arranged in the guide channel, and the limiting check ring is arranged at a position, close to the second end face, in the guide channel; an air cavity is formed between the sliding block and the fixed block, and a spring is arranged between the sliding block and the fixed block; the cylinder body is provided with a liquid spraying channel which penetrates through the first end surface, and the liquid spraying channel is communicated with the guide channel through the connecting channel; the height of the sliding block is larger than the distance between the limiting check ring and the connecting channel; the fixing block is provided with a groove, a fixing plate is arranged in the groove, the fixing block is provided with a taper hole, and the taper hole is used for communicating the groove with the air cavity; the fixing plate is provided with a threaded hole, the threaded hole is in threaded connection with an adjusting screw, and one end of the adjusting screw is provided with a cone block matched with the cone hole; the fixing plate is also provided with a through hole. When the boring cutter is actually processed, as each cutting bit on the cutter body has a front-back position relation, the forefront cutting bit firstly contacts a workpiece and starts cutting, after the forefront cutting bit cuts for a period of time, the next cutting bit starts contacting the workpiece and starts cutting, and so on, aiming at the situation, the opening control device is arranged at one end, close to the outer side of the cutter body, of the liquid outlet channel, and the opening control device is used for controlling the opening time and sequence of each liquid outlet channel, so that the opening time and sequence of each liquid outlet channel correspond to the starting time and sequence of each cutting bit, and the effect is that: when the forefront cutting tool bit contacts with a workpiece and starts cutting, only the corresponding liquid outlet channel is opened, and the rear liquid outlet channel is closed, so that the flow of the cooling liquid in the main channel can be distributed to the forefront liquid outlet channel as far as possible, and the rear cutting tool bit does not need to be cooled because the cutting is not started, and the cooling channel is closed, thereby avoiding the waste of the cooling liquid and ensuring the high-efficiency utilization of the cooling liquid; similarly, when the second forward cutting bit contacts the workpiece and begins cutting, both forward cutting bits are in the cutting state, and both forward discharge passages are open and cool both forward cutting bits, and so on. The specific working principle of the opening control device is as follows: when the cooling liquid is introduced into the main channel on the cutter body through the external cooling liquid supply device at a certain pressure, the pressure of the cooling liquid acts on the sliding block and pushes the sliding block to slide towards the fixed block; in the process, the gas in the gas cavity is discharged from the annular air gap between the taper hole and the taper block, the discharge speed of the gas is related to the size of the annular air gap, and the larger the annular air gap is, the faster the discharge speed of the gas is, so that the smaller the resistance of the sliding block is, and the faster the sliding speed is; conversely, the smaller the annular air gap is, the slower the gas discharge speed is, so that the larger the resistance force the sliding block receives during sliding is, and the slower the sliding speed is; when the sliding block slides to a position just passing through the connecting channel, the cooling liquid enters the liquid spraying channel from the connecting channel and finally is sprayed out of the liquid spraying channel and towards the corresponding cutting tool bit, so that the opening of the liquid outlet channel is realized; along with the continuous supply of the cooling liquid, the liquid outlet channel is always in an open state, so that the cooling of the cutting knife head and the cutting part is realized; in summary, as the annular air gap between the taper hole and the taper block is larger, the sliding speed of the sliding block is higher, and the opening time of the liquid outlet channel is shorter; conversely, the smaller the annular air gap between the taper hole and the taper block is, the slower the sliding speed of the sliding block is, and the longer the opening time of the liquid outlet channel is; based on the principle, in the actual use process, the corresponding position between the conical block and the conical hole is adjusted by adjusting the screw, so that the size of the annular air gap can be adjusted, the time required by opening each opening control device is further adjusted, and finally the opening time and sequence of each liquid outlet channel can be controlled according to the actual requirement, thereby reducing the waste of cooling liquid and ensuring the efficient utilization of the cooling liquid. When the boring tool is finished, the cooling liquid stops being supplied, the pressure of the cooling liquid on the sliding block disappears, and the sliding block resets under the action of the spring. According to the invention, the liquid pump is used for inputting the cooling liquid with a certain pressure into the main channel in the cutter body, and the cooling liquid can always keep a relatively constant pressure under the action of the liquid pump.
Preferably, the side surface of the sliding block is provided with a sealing layer.
Preferably, the material of the sealing layer is rubber.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention can effectively cool the cutting tool bit and the cutting part when processing a plurality of workpieces with smaller apertures, and solves the problem that the cooling of the cutting part can not be realized because the traditional cooling mode does not have enough space to enable the liquid spraying pipe to extend into the hole together with the boring tool.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction A-A in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the opening control apparatus.
In the figure: 1. the cutting tool comprises a tool body, 2, a cutting tool bit, 3, a chip removal groove, 4, a liquid outlet channel, 5, a plug, 6, a main channel, 7, an opening control device, 8, a cylinder, 9, a liquid spraying channel, 10, a connecting channel, 11, a sliding block, 12, a sealing layer, 13, a limiting retainer ring, 14, a fixed block, 15, an air cavity, 16, a spring, 17, a taper hole, 18, a groove, 19, a fixed plate, 20, a through hole, 21, an adjusting screw, 22 and a taper block.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below by means of specific embodiments in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to 4, a boring tool includes a tool body 1, the tool body 1 being made of tool steel. The tool body is provided with junk slots 3 and a number of cutting inserts 2. The cutting insert 2 is made of nichrome steel. The cutting insert 2 is arranged stepwise along the length direction of the tool body 1. The cutter body 1 is provided with a main channel 6 and a liquid outlet channel 4 which corresponds to the cutting heads 2 one by one. The main channel 6 extends longitudinally through the tool body 1. One end of the main channel 6 is provided with a plug 5. One end of the liquid outlet channel 4 is communicated with the main channel 6, and the other end of the liquid outlet channel 4 penetrates through the groove wall of the chip groove 3. The extension direction of the liquid outlet channel 4 is aligned with the cutting insert. The cooling liquid is sprayed to the corresponding cutting tool bit after being sprayed out of the liquid outlet channel.
An opening control device 7 is arranged at one end of the liquid outlet channel 4, which is close to the outer side of the cutter body. The opening control device 7 comprises a cylinder 8, and the cylinder 8 is of a cylindrical structure. The end face of the cylinder 8, which is close to the outer side of the cutter body 1, is a first end face, and the other end face is a second end face. A guide channel is arranged in the cylinder 8, a fixed block 14 is arranged at a position, close to the first end face, in the guide channel, a sliding block 11 and a limiting check ring 13 for limiting the sliding block 11 are arranged in the guide channel. The side of the slider 11 is provided with a sealing layer 12. The material of the sealing layer 12 is rubber. The slide block 11 is slidable along the length direction of the guide passage. A limit collar 13 is arranged in the guide channel near the second end face. An air cavity 15 is formed between the sliding block 11 and the fixed block 14, and a spring 16 is arranged between the sliding block 11 and the fixed block 14. The cylinder 8 is provided with a liquid spraying channel 9, the liquid spraying channel 9 penetrates through the first end face, and the liquid spraying channel 9 is communicated with the guide channel through a connecting channel 10. The height of the sliding block is greater than the distance between the limiting check ring and the connecting channel. The fixing block 14 is provided with a groove 18, and a fixing plate 19 is arranged in the groove 18. The fixed block 14 is provided with a taper hole 17, and the taper hole 17 communicates the groove 18 with the air cavity 15. The fixed plate 19 is provided with a threaded hole, an adjusting screw 21 is connected to the threaded hole in a threaded mode, one end of the adjusting screw 21 is provided with a conical block 22 matched with the conical hole 17, and the conical block 22 is of a truncated cone-shaped structure. The fixing plate 19 is also provided with a through hole 20.
In the invention, a boring tool is fixedly arranged on a tool rest on a machine tool. The main channel is connected with an external cooling liquid supply device through a pipeline, cooling liquid enters the cutter body from the main channel and is sprayed out from each liquid outlet channel, and the cooling liquid sprayed out from the liquid outlet channel is sprayed to the corresponding cutting tool bit, so that the cutting part is cooled. In the invention, the cooling liquid enters from the main channel in the cutter body and is sprayed out from each liquid outlet channel, thereby effectively realizing the cooling of the cutting bit and the cutting part; in addition, when the cutter is cooled, the cooling liquid is sprayed out from the channel inside the cutter body, and compared with the traditional cooling mode by means of an external liquid spraying pipe, the cutter has the following advantages: when a plurality of workpieces with smaller apertures are processed, the invention can also realize effective cooling of the cutting tool bit and the cutting part, and solves the problem that the cooling of the cutting part can not be realized because the traditional cooling mode does not have enough space to enable the liquid spraying pipe to extend into the inside of the hole together with the boring tool.
When the boring cutter is actually processed, as each cutting bit on the cutter body has a front-back position relation, the forefront cutting bit firstly contacts a workpiece and starts cutting, after the forefront cutting bit cuts for a period of time, the next cutting bit starts contacting the workpiece and starts cutting, and so on, aiming at the situation, the opening control device is arranged at one end, close to the outer side of the cutter body, of the liquid outlet channel, and the opening control device is used for controlling the opening time and sequence of each liquid outlet channel, so that the opening time and sequence of each liquid outlet channel correspond to the starting time and sequence of each cutting bit, and the effect is that: when the forefront cutting tool bit contacts with a workpiece and starts cutting, only the corresponding liquid outlet channel is opened, and the rear liquid outlet channel is closed, so that the flow of the cooling liquid in the main channel can be distributed to the forefront liquid outlet channel as far as possible, and the rear cutting tool bit does not need to be cooled because the cutting is not started, and the cooling channel is closed, thereby avoiding the waste of the cooling liquid and ensuring the high-efficiency utilization of the cooling liquid; similarly, when the second forward cutting bit contacts the workpiece and begins cutting, both forward cutting bits are in the cutting state, and both forward discharge passages are open and cool both forward cutting bits, and so on. The specific working principle of the opening control device is as follows: when the cooling liquid is introduced into the main channel on the cutter body through the external cooling liquid supply device at a certain pressure, the pressure of the cooling liquid acts on the sliding block and pushes the sliding block to slide towards the fixed block; in the process, the gas in the gas cavity is discharged from the annular air gap between the taper hole and the taper block, the discharge speed of the gas is related to the size of the annular air gap, and the larger the annular air gap is, the faster the discharge speed of the gas is, so that the smaller the resistance of the sliding block is, and the faster the sliding speed is; conversely, the smaller the annular air gap is, the slower the gas discharge speed is, so that the larger the resistance force the sliding block receives during sliding is, and the slower the sliding speed is; when the sliding block slides to a position just passing through the connecting channel, cooling liquid enters the liquid spraying channel from the connecting channel and finally is sprayed out of the liquid spraying channel and towards the corresponding cutting tool bit, so that the opening of the liquid discharging channel is realized, and the cooling of the cutting tool bit and the cutting part is realized; in summary, as the annular air gap between the taper hole and the taper block is larger, the sliding speed of the sliding block is higher, and the opening time of the liquid outlet channel is shorter; conversely, the smaller the annular air gap between the taper hole and the taper block is, the slower the sliding speed of the sliding block is, and the longer the opening time of the liquid outlet channel is; based on the principle, in the actual use process, the corresponding position between the conical block and the conical hole is adjusted by adjusting the screw, so that the size of the annular air gap can be adjusted, the time required by opening each opening control device is further adjusted, and finally the opening time and sequence of each liquid outlet channel can be controlled according to the actual requirement, thereby reducing the waste of cooling liquid and ensuring the efficient utilization of the cooling liquid. When the boring tool is finished, the cooling liquid stops being supplied, the pressure of the cooling liquid on the sliding block disappears, and the sliding block resets under the action of the spring.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention can be modified or equivalents can be substituted for some of the features thereof, and any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement or the like that is within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The boring tool comprises a tool body, wherein the tool body is provided with a plurality of cutting tool bits, and the tool body is provided with chip grooves, and is characterized in that the tool body is provided with a main channel and a liquid outlet channel which corresponds to the cutting tool bits one by one, one end of the liquid outlet channel is connected with the main channel, the other end of the liquid outlet channel penetrates through the groove wall of the chip grooves, and cooling liquid is sprayed to the corresponding cutting tool bits after being sprayed out of the liquid outlet channel; an opening control device is arranged at one end, close to the outer side of the cutter body, of the liquid outlet channel; the opening control device comprises a cylinder body, wherein the end surface, close to the outer side of the cutter body, of the cylinder body is a first end surface, and the other end surface is a second end surface; the cylinder is provided with a guide channel, a fixed block is arranged at a position, close to the first end face, in the guide channel, a sliding block and a limiting check ring for limiting the sliding block are arranged in the guide channel, and the limiting check ring is arranged at a position, close to the second end face, in the guide channel; an air cavity is formed between the sliding block and the fixed block, and a spring is arranged between the sliding block and the fixed block; the cylinder body is provided with a liquid spraying channel which penetrates through the first end surface, and the liquid spraying channel is communicated with the guide channel through the connecting channel; the height of the sliding block is larger than the distance between the limiting check ring and the connecting channel; the fixing block is provided with a groove, a fixing plate is arranged in the groove, the fixing block is provided with a taper hole, and the taper hole is used for communicating the groove with the air cavity; the fixing plate is provided with a threaded hole, the threaded hole is in threaded connection with an adjusting screw, and one end of the adjusting screw is provided with a cone block matched with the cone hole; the fixing plate is also provided with a through hole.
2. A boring tool according to claim 1, wherein the tool body is made of tool steel.
3. A boring tool according to claim 1, wherein the cutting insert is made of nichrome steel.
4. A boring tool according to claim 1, wherein the side of the slide block is provided with a sealing layer.
5. A boring tool according to claim 4, wherein the material of the sealing layer is rubber.
CN202111522345.XA 2021-12-13 2021-12-13 Boring tool Active CN114589322B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111522345.XA CN114589322B (en) 2021-12-13 2021-12-13 Boring tool

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111522345.XA CN114589322B (en) 2021-12-13 2021-12-13 Boring tool

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN114589322A CN114589322A (en) 2022-06-07
CN114589322B true CN114589322B (en) 2023-07-07

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202111522345.XA Active CN114589322B (en) 2021-12-13 2021-12-13 Boring tool

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Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN206662306U (en) * 2017-03-30 2017-11-24 浙江辛子精工机械股份有限公司 A kind of compound chamfers cutter
CN206952188U (en) * 2017-05-24 2018-02-02 瑞鼎机电科技(昆山)有限公司 Workpiece multiple aperture boring cutter for machining
JP6646011B2 (en) * 2017-06-01 2020-02-14 日本特殊陶業株式会社 Cutting tool holder and cutting tool
DE102017126931B4 (en) * 2017-11-16 2022-09-29 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Tool assembly with cutting body and method for cooling the cutting body
CN210023807U (en) * 2019-06-17 2020-02-07 四川浩源机电有限责任公司 Lathe tool with internal cooling structure
CN213945151U (en) * 2020-11-16 2021-08-13 湖北刃锋精工有限公司 Reamer for adjusting flow of cooling liquid

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