CN114665260A - An antenna and communication equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides an antenna and communication equipment, relates to the technical field of communication and aims to solve the technical problem that the coverage area of the antenna is limited. The antenna provided by the application comprises a dielectric substrate, a folded dipole and N symmetrical dipoles; an aggregation line is arranged on the dielectric substrate and provided with a first end and a second end; the folded dipole is positioned at the first end of the gathering line and is connected with the gathering line; the N symmetrical vibrators are arranged on the dielectric substrate and connected with the aggregation line; in the antenna provided by the application, the bandwidth control of different frequency bands is realized through the folded dipole and the symmetrical dipole together, so that the working bandwidth of the antenna is increased, in addition, after the folded dipole and the symmetrical dipole are arranged according to a certain size requirement, the coherent superposition of electromagnetic waves generated by the folded dipole and the symmetrical dipole can be realized, so that the multi-beam characteristic can be realized, and the omnidirectional coverage range of the antenna can be realized.

Description

An antenna and communication equipment

technical field

The present application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to an antenna and a communication device.

Background technique

In the current wireless communication equipment, the antennas used are mainly half-wave dipole antennas. Half-wave dipole antenna, as a commonly used narrowband antenna, has the characteristics of omnidirectional radiation direction in the horizontal plane, and the maximum gain is generally about 2dBi. In practical applications, the half-wave dipole antenna generally consists of a pair of symmetrically arranged conductors, and the two ends of the two conductors that are close to each other are connected to the feeder respectively, wherein the sum of the lengths of the two conductors is approximately equal to the operating frequency of the two conductors. half. As the operating frequency of the antenna continues to increase, the frequency of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the antenna also increases. However, compared with low-frequency electromagnetic waves, under the same propagation distance, high-frequency electromagnetic waves will have obvious attenuation, and there are obvious deficiencies in both the winding ability and the wall penetration ability. However, because the frequency of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the half-wave dipole is highly related to its size, the half-wave dipole antenna can only generate a beam of a single frequency band, and the gain in the vertical direction is low, so it cannot achieve full-area coverage.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present application provides an antenna and a communication device with wide coverage and favorable for realizing high gain and multi-beam characteristics.

In one aspect, the present application provides an antenna including a dielectric substrate, a folded vibrator and N symmetrical vibrators. Wherein, an assembly line is provided on the dielectric substrate, and the assembly line has a first end and a second end. The folded vibrator is arranged on the dielectric substrate, and the folded vibrator is located at the first end of the assembly line and connected to the assembly line. N symmetrical vibrators are arranged on the dielectric substrate, and the N symmetrical vibrators are connected to the collection line, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

Antennas meet:

When N is greater than 1, N symmetrical oscillators are arranged in sequence from the first end to the second end of the assembly line, and the N symmetrical oscillators satisfy:

Among them, n is the serial number of the symmetrical vibrator, and it increases sequentially from the first end of the collection line to the second end; R is the distance from the _folded vibrator to the virtual vertex of the antenna; R _N is the Nth symmetrical vibrator to the virtual vertex of the antenna the distance. L _n is the length of the n-th symmetric oscillator; L _n+1 is the length of the n+1-th symmetric oscillator. R _n is the distance from the n-th symmetric element to the virtual vertex of the antenna; R _n+1 is the distance from the n+1-th symmetric element to the virtual vertex of the antenna. d _n is the distance between the n th symmetric oscillator and the n+1 th symmetric oscillator; d _n+1 is the distance between the n+1 th symmetric oscillator and the n+2 th symmetric oscillator. τ is the aggregation factor of the antenna.

In the antenna provided by the present application, the folded vibrator is used as the top excitation unit of the symmetrical vibrator, which can realize high-frequency bandwidth control. Alternatively, it can also be understood that the operating frequency of the reduced oscillator determines the highest operating frequency of the entire antenna, and the operating frequency of the longest symmetrical oscillator determines the lowest operating frequency of the entire antenna. That is to say, the whole antenna realizes the bandwidth control of different frequency bands through the folded oscillator and the symmetrical oscillator, which is beneficial to increase the working bandwidth of the antenna. In addition, when the working bandwidth of the antenna needs to be adjusted, it is only necessary to independently adjust factors such as the dimensions of the folded vibrator and the symmetrical vibrator, thereby increasing the convenience of adjustment. In addition, the folded oscillator has the characteristics of strong radiation gain in the vertical direction, and the symmetrical oscillator has the characteristics of omnidirectional radiation direction in the horizontal plane. After the folded oscillator and the symmetric oscillator are arranged according to the above-mentioned size requirements, the electromagnetic waves generated by the folded oscillator and the symmetric oscillator can realize coherent superposition, thereby realizing multi-beam characteristics. Therefore, it is beneficial to realize the omnidirectional coverage of the antenna through the superposition of the folded vibrator and the symmetrical vibrator. For example, when a wireless router equipped with the above antenna is applied to a multi-floor structure, it can not only ensure the coverage of WiFi signals on the same floor, but also improve the coverage of WiFi signals on the upper and lower floors.

In addition, when the number of symmetrical vibrators is multiple, arranging the positions of multiple symmetrical vibrators according to the size constraints of the above formula can effectively improve the bandwidth of the antenna, and is conducive to the realization of multi-beam characteristics, which is conducive to the realization of the antenna. full coverage.

In specific settings, the assembly line may include a first microstrip line and a second microstrip line. Wherein, the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line are arranged parallel to each other and have a gap. The folding vibrator includes a first connecting arm and a second connecting arm, the first connecting arm is connected with the first microstrip line, and the second connecting arm is connected with the second microstrip line. Each symmetric vibrator may include a first vibrating arm and a second vibrating arm, and the first vibrating arm and the second vibrating arm are symmetrically arranged with respect to the collection line. Reduced oscillators and symmetrical oscillators can be used to convert current energy into electromagnetic energy and radiate it out, or to receive electromagnetic energy and convert it into current energy, and transmit it to related feeding components (such as feed signal transmitters, feeder electrical signal receiver, etc.).

Wherein, in order to satisfy the connection between the antenna and the relevant feeding components, the antenna can be connected through one end of the coaxial cable, and the other end of the coaxial cable can be connected with the relevant feeding component. A coaxial cable generally includes a cable core and an outer conductor located around the outer periphery of the cable core. In a specific implementation, the first connection arm may be provided with a first feed end for connecting with the inner conductor of the coaxial cable, and the second connection arm may be provided with a second feed end for connection with the outer conductor of the coaxial line . Considering that the size of the outer conductor is larger than the size of the cable core, in specific settings, the width of the second feed end is greater than the width of the first feed end. Therefore, the connection effect between the antenna and the coaxial cable can be improved. In other embodiments, the second feed end may also be provided with a through hole, and the inner conductor of the coaxial cable can be connected to the first feed end after passing through the through hole. Therefore, the connection effect between the antenna and the coaxial cable can be guaranteed.

In addition, during specific arrangement, the first microstrip line, the second microstrip line, the N symmetrical oscillators and the folded oscillator can be arranged on the same plate surface of the dielectric substrate, or can be arranged on different plate surfaces of the dielectric substrate.

For example, the first microstrip line and the first vibrating arm may be provided on the first surface of the dielectric substrate, and the second microstrip line and the second vibrating arm may be provided on the second surface of the dielectric substrate. Wherein, the first board surface and the second board surface are two board surfaces facing away from each other.

In some embodiments, the symmetrical vibrator further includes a first auxiliary vibration arm and a second auxiliary vibration arm arranged coaxially, and the first auxiliary vibration arm and the second auxiliary vibration arm are arranged symmetrically about the collection line. The first auxiliary vibrating arm may be located on one side of the first microstrip line, and one end of the first auxiliary vibrating arm close to the first microstrip line is connected to the first microstrip line. The second auxiliary vibrating arm may be disposed on one side of the second microstrip line, and one end of the second auxiliary vibrating arm close to the second microstrip line is connected to the second microstrip line. Wherein, the first auxiliary vibrating arm is arranged adjacent to the first vibrating arm, and the second auxiliary vibrating arm is arranged adjacent to the second vibrating arm. Through the first auxiliary vibrating arm and the second vibrating arm, the radiation performance of the antenna can be effectively improved, thereby helping to improve the signal radiation range thereof.

During specific setting, the first auxiliary vibrating arm is set closer to the first end of the assembly line than the first vibrating arm. Compared with the second vibrating arm, the second auxiliary vibrating arm may be disposed closer to the first end of the assembly line.

In addition, the length of the first auxiliary vibrating arm and the length of the first vibrating arm may be the same or different. Correspondingly, the length of the second auxiliary vibrating arm and the length of the second vibrating arm may be the same or different.

In some implementations, the extending end of the first vibrating arm and the extending end of the first auxiliary vibrating arm may be connected to each other. The extending end of the second vibrating arm and the extending end of the second auxiliary vibrating arm may also be connected to each other.

In addition, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device, including a signal processing circuit and the above-mentioned antenna, and the signal processing circuit can be electrically connected to the antenna through a coaxial cable. The communication setting may be a wireless router, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, or the like. The signal processing circuit is electrically connected with the antenna to input or output radio frequency signals. The antenna performance of the electronic device is better, and can realize a wider frequency band and an omnidirectional coverage.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

2 is a cross-sectional view of a coaxial cable according to an embodiment of the present application;

3 is a schematic diagram of a plane structure of another antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a plane structure of another antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a plane structure of another antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a plane structure of another antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

7 is a top view of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

8 is a bottom view of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

9 is a simulation diagram of a current distribution of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

10 is a simulation diagram of radiation intensity of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 11 is an antenna radiation pattern corresponding to FIG. 10;

12 is a simulation diagram of radiation intensity of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the application;

Fig. 13 is the antenna radiation pattern corresponding to Fig. 12;

14 is a simulation diagram of radiation intensity of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 15 is an antenna radiation pattern corresponding to FIG. 14 .

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In order to facilitate understanding of the antenna provided by the embodiments of the present application, an application scenario of the antenna is first introduced below.

The antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application can be applied to a communication device, and is used to enable the communication device to receive or send wireless signals, so as to realize a wireless communication function. The communication device may be a wireless router, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, and the like.

Take a router as an example, a router usually relies on an antenna to generate a WiFi signal with a certain coverage. Devices such as mobile phones and tablet computers located within the coverage area can achieve signal interconnection with the router. In order to achieve higher-speed signal transmission, the coverage frequency band of WiFi signals is gradually covered by 2G to 5G or even higher frequency bands. In current routers, the antennas used are mainly half-wave dipole antennas. Half-wave dipole antenna, as a commonly used narrowband antenna, has the characteristics of omnidirectional radiation direction in the horizontal plane, and the maximum gain is generally about 2dBi. As the operating frequency of the antenna continues to increase, the frequency of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the antenna also increases. However, compared with low-frequency electromagnetic waves, under the same propagation distance, high-frequency electromagnetic waves will have obvious attenuation, and there are obvious deficiencies in both the winding ability and the wall penetration ability. However, because the frequency of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the half-wave dipole is highly related to its size, the half-wave dipole antenna can only generate a beam of a single frequency band, and the gain in the vertical direction is low, so it cannot achieve full-area coverage.

In addition, for conventional directional antennas, they often exhibit single-beam characteristics, and their coverage will be reduced in the process of increasing the gain. Correspondingly, in the process of increasing its coverage, its gain will be significantly reduced. Therefore, for a directional antenna, the gain and coverage are in a trade-off relationship, so that the effects of high gain and larger coverage cannot be achieved at the same time.

To this end, the embodiments of the present application provide an antenna with a large gain, which is beneficial to achieve omnidirectional coverage.

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The terms used in the following embodiments are for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and are not intended to be limitations of the present application. As used in the specification of this application and the appended claims, the singular expressions "a," "an," "above," "the," and "the" are intended to also include, for example, "an or Multiple" is the expression unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It should also be understood that, in the following embodiments of the present application, "at least one" and "one or more" refer to one, two or more than two. The term "and/or", used to describe the association relationship of related objects, indicates that there can be three kinds of relationships; for example, A and/or B, can indicate: A alone exists, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, A and B can be singular or plural. The character "/" generally indicates that the associated objects are an "or" relationship.

References in this specification to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" and the like mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Thus, appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in other embodiments," etc. in various places in this specification are not necessarily All refer to the same embodiment, but mean "one or more but not all embodiments" unless specifically emphasized otherwise. The terms "including", "including", "having" and their variants mean "including but not limited to" unless specifically emphasized otherwise.

As shown in FIG. 1 , in an embodiment provided in this application, the antenna includes a dielectric substrate 10 , a folded vibrator 30 and four symmetrical vibrators disposed on the dielectric substrate 10 . Among them, the four symmetrical oscillators are respectively a symmetrical oscillator 40a, a symmetrical oscillator 40b, a symmetrical oscillator 40c and a symmetrical oscillator 40d. The four symmetrical oscillators are arranged in turn from the first end to the second end of the assembly line 20 (ie from right to left), and the four symmetrical oscillators satisfy:

Wherein, n is the serial number of the symmetrical vibrator, and increases sequentially from the right end to the left end of the collection line 20 . That is, from right to left are the first symmetrical oscillator 40a, the second symmetrical oscillator 40b, the third symmetrical oscillator 40c and the fourth symmetrical oscillator 40d.

L _n is the length of the n-th symmetric oscillator. For example, in the fourth symmetrical vibrator 40d, the length of the symmetrical vibrator 40d is the sum of the lengths of the first vibrating arm 41 and the second vibrating arm 42 . Typically, the length of a symmetrical oscillator is about half the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave it emits (or receives).

L _n+1 is the length of the n+1th symmetric oscillator.

d _n is the distance between the n th symmetric oscillator and the n+1 th symmetric oscillator; d _n+1 is the distance between the n+1 th symmetric oscillator and the n+2 th symmetric oscillator. τ is the aggregation factor of the antenna.

R _n is the distance from the n-th symmetric element to the virtual vertex of the antenna; R _n+1 is the distance from the n+1-th symmetric element to the virtual vertex of the antenna. In the antenna structure shown in FIG. 1 , the lengths of the four symmetrical elements 40 satisfy a gradual relationship from large to small. Therefore, the tops of the symmetrical elements 40 located on the upper side of the assembly line 20 are located on the same straight line. Correspondingly, the tops of the symmetrical oscillators 40 located on the lower side of the collection line 20 are also located on the same straight line. The intersection of the two straight lines constitutes the virtual vertex O.

In general, in a specific application, the antenna can include N symmetrical oscillators, and the N symmetrical oscillators are arranged in sequence from the first end to the second end of the collection line, and the N symmetrical oscillators satisfy the size of the above formula (1). Require.

Among them, according to the size requirements of the above formula (1), the adjacent symmetrical oscillators can be operated at different phases and amplitudes, and the multi-beam characteristics can be realized by using the coherent superposition of electromagnetic waves of multiple symmetrical oscillators in different directions, which is beneficial to Improve the signal radiation range of the antenna.

In specific applications, the value of τ may be reasonably selected according to actual requirements. For example, the value of τ may be 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, etc., which is not limited in this application.

It can be understood that, in specific applications, the number of symmetrical oscillators can be any value greater than or equal to 1. For example, the antenna may include 2, 3 or more symmetrical vibrators, and the application does not limit the number of symmetrical vibrators.

In addition, in a specific application, the number of symmetrical vibrators 40 may also be one.

For example, as shown in FIG. 2 , in an embodiment provided by the present application, the antenna includes a dielectric substrate 10 , a folded vibrator 30 and a symmetrical vibrator 40 disposed on the dielectric substrate 10 . The assembly line 20 is provided on the dielectric substrate 10 ; and the folded vibrator 30 is located at the first end (the right end in the figure) of the assembly line 20 and is connected to the assembly line 20 . Specifically, the assembly line 20 includes a first microstrip line 21 and a second microstrip line 22, and the first microstrip line 21 and the second microstrip line 22 are arranged parallel to each other and have a gap. The folding vibrator 30 includes a first connecting arm 31 and a second connecting arm 32 . The first connecting arm 31 is connected to the first microstrip line 21 , and the second connecting arm 32 is connected to the second microstrip line 22 . The symmetrical vibrator 40 includes a first vibrating arm 41 and a second vibrating arm 42 , and the first vibrating arm 41 and the second vibrating arm 42 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the assembly line 20 . The folded oscillator 30 and the symmetrical oscillator 40 can be used for converting current energy into electromagnetic energy and radiating it out, or for receiving electromagnetic energy and converting it into current energy. And the antenna satisfies:

R is _folded as the distance from the folded vibrator 30 to the virtual vertex O of the antenna.

R _N is the distance from the symmetrical element 40 to the virtual vertex of the antenna.

τ is the aggregation factor of the antenna. In practical applications, τ may specifically be a value smaller than 1 and larger than 0, such as 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, etc.

In general, in the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application, only one symmetrical vibrator 40 and one folded vibrator 30 may be reserved, and the symmetrical vibrator 40 and the folded vibrator 30 may be arranged according to the size requirements of the above formula (2).

In the antenna provided by the implementation of this application, the folded vibrator 30 is used as the top excitation unit of the symmetrical vibrator 40, and can realize high-frequency bandwidth control. Alternatively, it can also be understood that the operating frequency of the reference oscillator 30 determines the highest operating frequency of the entire antenna, and the operating frequency of the symmetrical oscillator 40 determines the lowest operating frequency of the entire antenna. That is to say, the whole antenna realizes bandwidth control of different frequency bands through the folded vibrator 30 and the symmetrical vibrator 40, which is beneficial to increase the working bandwidth of the antenna. In addition, when the working bandwidth of the antenna needs to be adjusted, it is only necessary to independently adjust factors such as the dimensions of the folded vibrator 30 and the symmetrical vibrator 40, thereby increasing the convenience of adjustment. In addition, the folded oscillator 30 has a strong radiation gain in the vertical direction, and the symmetrical oscillator 40 has the characteristics of an omnidirectional radiation direction in the horizontal plane. After the folded vibrator 30 and the symmetrical vibrator 40 are arranged according to the above-mentioned size requirements, the electromagnetic waves generated by the folded vibrator 30 and the symmetrical vibrator 40 can achieve coherent superposition, thereby realizing multi-beam characteristics. Therefore, through the superposition of the folded vibrator 30 and the symmetrical vibrator 40, it is beneficial to realize the omnidirectional coverage of the antenna. For example, when a wireless router equipped with the above antenna is applied to a multi-floor structure, it can not only ensure the coverage of WiFi signals on the same floor, but also improve the coverage of WiFi signals on the upper and lower floors.

In a specific implementation, the dielectric substrate 10 may be a printed circuit board, a flexible circuit board or the like. The collection line 20 may be formed on the dielectric substrate 10 by a process such as photolithography. Wherein, the width dimension of the first microstrip line 21 and the second microstrip line 22 may be the same, so as to ensure the working stability of the symmetrical vibrator 40 and the folded vibrator 30 . In a specific implementation, the assembly line 20 may also be referred to as a parallel strip line. Wherein, the first microstrip line 21 and the second microstrip line 22 may maintain a parallel or approximately parallel relationship with each other.

During specific implementation, the folded vibrator 30 may be a relatively common folded vibrator 30 in the prior art, or the folded vibrator 30 may be miniaturized.

For example, in the embodiment provided in the present application, the bending structure 331 is provided in the third connecting arm 33 of the folding vibrator 30 , and the bending structure 341 is provided in the fourth connecting arm 34 . The bending structure 331 and the bending structure 341 are beneficial to realize the miniaturization of the folded vibrator 30 , thereby reducing the volume of the folded vibrator 30 . In addition, the bending structure 331 and the bending structure 341 are also beneficial to reduce the resonant frequency of the folded vibrator 30, so that the folded vibrator 30 is in the normal working frequency band.

Also, see Figure 3. In practical applications, the antenna needs to be connected to the signal processing circuit through the coaxial cable 50 . Wherein, the coaxial cable 50 generally includes a cable core 51 and a cylindrical outer conductor 52 wrapped around the outer periphery of the cable core 51 . As the excitation unit of the antenna, the folded vibrator 30 needs to be connected with the coaxial cable 50 .

Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 together. Specifically, the first connection arm 41 of the folded vibrator 30 is provided with a first feed end 311 , and the second connection arm 42 is provided with a second feed end 321 . The second feed end 321 has a through hole, and the cable core 51 of the coaxial cable 50 is connected to the first feed end 311 after passing through the through hole. Meanwhile, the outer conductor 52 of the coaxial cable 50 is connected to the second feed end 311 . The feeding terminal 321 is connected. In a specific implementation, the coaxial cable 50 may be outlet in an orthogonal manner. For example, the cable core 51 and the outer conductor 52 of the coaxial cable 50 can be routed perpendicular to the substrate 10 , so that the electromagnetic coupling between the coaxial cable 50 and the antenna is weak, thereby reducing the radiation to the antenna in the coaxial cable 50 performance impact.

Considering that the size of the outer conductor 52 of the coaxial cable 50 is larger than the size of the cable core 51, therefore, in order to achieve a good connection between the coaxial cable 50 and the antenna, the width of the second feeding end 321 is larger than that of the first feeding end 321. The width of the electrical terminal 311 . Therefore, while ensuring the miniaturization of the antenna, a good connection between the coaxial cable 50 and the antenna can be achieved. It can be understood that, in the embodiment provided in the present application, the width dimension of the second connecting arm 3232 is greater than the width dimension of the first connecting arm 3131 . However, in other embodiments, a part of the second connecting arm 3232 may also be widened.

In addition, in order to improve the impedance of the folded vibrator 30, in the embodiment provided in the present application, the lower end of the first connecting arm 31 has a U-shaped structure disposed downward. Correspondingly, the upper end of the second connecting arm 32 is provided with a protruding portion, and the protruding portion extends into the U-shaped structure.

It can be understood that, in specific applications, the structure of the folded vibrator 30 can be reasonably selected and adjusted according to different requirements, which is not limited in this application.

In addition, during fabrication, the folding oscillator 30 may be formed on the dielectric substrate 10 by a process such as photolithography. The length of the reduced vibrator 30 (ie, the sum of the lengths of the first connecting arm 31 and the second connecting arm 32 ) can be reasonably adjusted according to the required antenna bandwidth, which is not limited in this application.

The symmetrical vibrator 40 may be formed on the dielectric substrate 10 by a process such as photolithography during fabrication, and the length of the symmetrical vibrator 40 (that is, the sum of the lengths of the first vibrating arm 41 and the second vibrating arm 42 ) can be determined according to the required The antenna bandwidth requirement is adjusted reasonably, which is not limited in this application. Among them, the symmetrical oscillator can also be understood as a dipole, a half-wave oscillator, and the like. Symmetrical arrangement of the first vibrating arm 41 and the second vibrating arm 42 refers to the symmetry in position. In specific implementation, the structural dimensions of the first vibrating arm 41 and the second vibrating arm 42 may be the same or different.

In addition, in a specific application, a single symmetric vibrator may further include a first auxiliary vibration arm and a second auxiliary vibration arm.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the first symmetrical vibrator 40d is taken as an example. In an embodiment provided in this application, the first symmetrical vibrator 40 d includes a first vibrating arm 41 , a second vibrating arm 42 , a first auxiliary vibrating arm 43 and a second auxiliary vibrating arm 44 . The first vibrating arm 41 and the second vibrating arm 42 are arranged coaxially and symmetrically with respect to the assembly line 20 . The first auxiliary vibrating arm 43 and the second auxiliary vibrating arm 44 are arranged coaxially and symmetrically with respect to the assembly line 20 . The first auxiliary vibrating arm 43 is located on the right side of the first vibrating arm 41 and maintains a gap, and the second auxiliary vibrating arm 44 is located on the right side of the second vibrating arm 42 and maintains a gap. By adding the first auxiliary vibrating arm 43 and the second auxiliary vibrating arm 44, the electromagnetic radiation efficiency and the receiving capability of the first symmetrical vibrator 40d can be improved.

During specific implementation, the dimensions of the first vibrating arm 41 and the first auxiliary vibrating arm 43 may be the same or different. Correspondingly, the dimensions of the second vibrating arm 42 and the second auxiliary vibrating arm 44 may be the same or different.

Please continue to refer to FIG. 4 , in the embodiment provided in the present application, the first vibrating arm 41 and the first auxiliary vibrating arm 43 have the same size, and the second vibrating arm 42 and the second auxiliary vibrating arm 44 are also the same size.

In addition, in practical applications, since the current distributions on the first vibrating arm 41 and the first auxiliary vibrating arm 43 are almost the same, the first vibrating arm 41 and the first auxiliary vibrating arm 43 may be combined into an integral structure.

For example, as shown in FIG. 5 , in an embodiment provided by the present application, the extension ends (upper ends in the figure) of the first vibrating arm 41 and the first auxiliary vibrating arm 43 are connected to each other, so that the first vibrating arm 41 and the first auxiliary vibrating arm 43 are connected to each other. The vibrating arms 43 are combined into a single integral structure. Alternatively, it can also be understood that a slit is formed in the middle of the vibrating arm with a larger width, the portion on the left side of the slit constitutes the first vibrating arm 41 , and the portion on the right side of the slit constitutes the first auxiliary vibrating arm 43 .

Correspondingly, since the current distributions on the second vibrating arm 42 and the second auxiliary vibrating arm 44 are almost the same, the second vibrating arm 42 and the second auxiliary vibrating arm 44 may also be combined into an integral structure. During specific setting, the second vibrating arm 42 and the second auxiliary vibrating arm 44 may be correspondingly arranged according to the first vibrating arm 41 and the first auxiliary vibrating arm 43 to form a symmetrical structure.

In addition, when the first vibrating arm 41 and the first auxiliary vibrating arm 43 are two independent structures, the dimensions of the first vibrating arm 41 and the first auxiliary vibrating arm 43 may also be different. Correspondingly, the dimensions of the second vibrating arm 42 and the second auxiliary vibrating arm 44 may also be different.

For example, as shown in FIG. 6 , in another embodiment provided by the present application, the length of the first auxiliary vibrating arm 43 is slightly smaller than the length of the first vibrating arm 41 . Correspondingly, the length of the second auxiliary vibrating arm 44 is slightly smaller than the length of the second vibrating arm 42 .

It can be understood that, in a specific application, the relative size relationship between the first vibrating arm 41 and the first auxiliary vibrating arm 43 can be correspondingly set according to the actual situation. Correspondingly, the relative size relationship between the second vibrating arm 42 and the second auxiliary vibrating arm 44 can also be set correspondingly according to the actual situation, which is not limited in the application itself.

In addition, the second symmetrical vibrator 40b, the third symmetrical vibrator 40c and the fourth symmetrical vibrator 40d may be correspondingly set according to the structure types of the first symmetrical vibrator 40d, which will not be repeated here.

In addition, when arranging the relative positions of the four symmetrical oscillators. Each symmetric oscillator can be regarded as a whole structure and set accordingly. For example, when the first symmetrical vibrator 40d includes the first vibrating arm 41, the second vibrating arm 42, the first auxiliary vibrating arm 43 and the second auxiliary vibrating arm 44, the first vibrating arm 41, the second vibrating arm 42, the first auxiliary vibrating arm 43 The combination with the second auxiliary vibrating arm 44 is regarded as an overall structure, and then the positions of the plurality of symmetrical vibrators are arranged according to the size constraints of the above formula (2).

In specific applications, the symmetrical vibrator 40 , the folded vibrator 30 , the first microstrip line 21 and the second microstrip line 22 may be arranged on the same surface of the dielectric substrate 10 , or may be arranged on two different plates of the dielectric substrate 10 respectively. face.

For example, as shown in FIG. 6 , in the embodiment provided by the present application, the four symmetrical vibrators 40 , the first microstrip line 21 , the second microstrip line 22 and the folded vibrator 30 are all arranged on the same plate on the dielectric substrate 10 noodle.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 , in another embodiment provided by the present application, the first microstrip line 21 is arranged on the first board surface (eg, the upper board surface) of the dielectric substrate 10 , and the second microstrip line 22 is arranged on the first board surface (eg, the upper board surface) of the dielectric substrate 10 . The second board surface of the dielectric substrate 10 (as follows). Wherein, the first microstrip line 21 and the second microstrip line 22 also maintain a positional relationship parallel to each other, and the projection of the second microstrip line 22 on the first board surface and the first microstrip line 21 still maintain a predetermined relationship gap. It can be understood that, in another implementation manner, the projection of the second microstrip line 22 on the first board surface may also overlap or partially overlap with the first microstrip line 21 . That is, the thickness of the base substrate 10 may constitute a gap between the first microstrip line 21 and the second microstrip line 22 . The first vibrating arm 41 and the first auxiliary vibrating arm 43 of the first symmetrical vibrator 40 are both located on the first surface of the dielectric substrate 10 and connected to the first microstrip line 21 . The second vibrating arm 42 and the second auxiliary vibrating arm 44 of the first symmetrical vibrator 40 are both located on the second surface of the dielectric substrate 10 and connected to the second microstrip line 22 . The second symmetrical vibrator 40 , the third symmetrical vibrator 40 and the fourth symmetrical vibrator 40 are all set correspondingly according to the setting positions of the first symmetrical vibrator 40 , which will not be repeated here.

For the folded vibrator 30 , in the embodiment provided in this application, the folded vibrator 30 is located on the first board surface of the dielectric substrate 10 , and the first connecting arm 31 is connected to the first microstrip line 21 . In practical applications, structures such as via holes may be provided on the dielectric substrate 10 , and the second connecting arm 32 may be connected to the second microstrip line 22 through structures such as via holes. It can be understood that, in other embodiments, the folded vibrator 30 is also disposed on the second surface of the dielectric substrate 10 . In this case, the first vibrating arm 41 can be connected to the first microstrip line 21 through structures such as vias.

Below, the antenna shown in Figure 4 will be taken as an example, and its beneficial effects will be described by means of experimental data:

As shown in FIG. 9, the current distribution diagram of the antenna is shown. It can be seen from the figure that the current distribution density is relatively high at the folded vibrator 30 . In the four symmetrical oscillators 40, the distribution density of the current from left to right shows an increasing trend. The reduced oscillator 30 and the symmetrical oscillator 40 with a shorter length (such as the fourth symmetrical oscillator 40 ) are mainly responsible for transmitting and receiving high-frequency electromagnetic signals, and the symmetrical oscillator 40 with a longer length (such as the first symmetrical oscillator 40 ) is mainly responsible for low-frequency electromagnetic signals. transmission and reception. In addition, in the process of propagation, the attenuation and penetration performance of high-frequency electromagnetic signals are lower than those of low-frequency electromagnetic signals. Therefore, on the whole, the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application can ensure that the high-frequency signal has sufficient radiation intensity and coverage, and at the same time, it can also effectively take into account the radiation intensity and coverage of the low-frequency signal.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 10 , a data simulation diagram of the radiation intensity of the antenna in the X-Y direction is shown. In Figure 11, the antenna radiation pattern (aka pattern) in the X-O-Y direction is shown. That is, in the X-O-Y direction, the radiated signal of the antenna exhibits a double-beam characteristic.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 12 , a data simulation diagram of the radiation intensity of the antenna in the Y-Z direction is shown. In Figure 13, the antenna radiation pattern in the Y-O-Z direction is shown. That is, in the Y-O-Z direction, the radiation signal of the antenna exhibits a three-beam characteristic.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 14 , a data simulation diagram of the radiation intensity of the antenna in the X-Z direction is shown. In Fig. 15, the antenna radiation pattern in the X-O-Z direction is shown. That is, in the X-O-Z direction, the radiated signal of the antenna exhibits a double-beam characteristic.

In general, the antenna provided by the embodiments of the present application can achieve an omnidirectional radiation range within a three-dimensional space range, and can achieve a multi-beam characteristic, thereby helping to improve the use effect of the antenna.

In addition, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device, where the communication device includes the above-mentioned antenna, and the communication device may be an optical network unit (Optical network unit, ONU), an access point (Access Point, AP), a station (Station) , STA), wireless routers, mobile phones, tablet computers, or any other electronic devices that use the above antennas. Alternatively, the communication device may also be a module including the above-mentioned antenna, or the like. The communication device may also include a signal processing circuit that is electrically connected to the antenna to input or output radio frequency signals. The signal processing circuit may be electrically connected to the antenna through a transmission medium. The transmission medium can be, for example, a coaxial cable, or any other medium. The antenna performance of the electronic device is better, and can realize a wider frequency band and an omnidirectional coverage.

The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, and should cover within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (14)

1. An antenna, comprising:

a dielectric substrate;

an aggregate line disposed on the dielectric substrate, the aggregate line having a first end and a second end;

the folded dipole is arranged on the dielectric substrate, is positioned at the first end of the aggregation line and is connected with the aggregation line;

the N symmetrical oscillators are arranged on the dielectric substrate and are connected with the aggregation line; wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 1;

the antenna satisfies:

when N is greater than 1, N the symmetry oscillator by the first end of set line sets gradually to the second end, and N the symmetry oscillator satisfies:

wherein n is the serial number of the dipole, and is sequentially increased from the first end to the second end of the set line; r_{Folding device}The distance from the folded dipole to the virtual top point of the antenna; r_NThe distance from the Nth dipole to the virtual top point of the antenna is defined; l is_nIs the length of the nth dipole; l is_n+1The length of the (n + 1) th dipole; r_nThe distance from the nth dipole to the virtual top point of the antenna; r_n+1The distance from the (n + 1) th dipole to the virtual top point of the antenna is defined; d is a radical of_nThe distance between the nth symmetrical oscillator and the (n + 1) th symmetrical oscillator is set; d_n+1The distance between the (n + 1) th symmetric oscillator and the (n + 2) th symmetric oscillator is set; τ is the aggregation factor of the antennas.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the aggregate line includes a first microstrip line and a second microstrip line;

the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line are arranged in parallel, and a gap is formed between the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line.

3. The antenna of claim 2, wherein the dipole comprises a first dipole arm and a second dipole arm, the first dipole arm and the second dipole arm being symmetrically disposed about the collective line;

the first vibrating arm is positioned on one side of the first microstrip line, and one end, close to the first microstrip line, of the first vibrating arm is connected with the first microstrip line; the second vibrating arm is located on one side of the second microstrip line, and one end, close to the second microstrip line, of the second vibrating arm is connected with the second microstrip line.

4. The antenna according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the folded dipole comprises a first connecting arm and a second connecting arm, the first connecting arm is connected with one end of the first microstrip line, and the second connecting arm is connected with one end of the second microstrip line.

5. An antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that the first connecting arm has a first feeding end for connection with an inner conductor of a coaxial line and the second connecting arm has a second feeding end for connection with an outer conductor of a coaxial line.

6. An antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that the width of the second feeding end is larger than the width of the first feeding end.

7. An antenna according to any of claims 4 to 6, wherein the second feeding end has a through hole, and the inner conductor of the coaxial line is connected to the first feeding end after passing through the through hole.

8. The antenna according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein the first microstrip line, the second microstrip line, the N dipoles and the folded dipole are located on the same plane of the dielectric substrate.

9. The antenna according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein the first microstrip line and the first vibrating arm are located on a first plate surface of the dielectric substrate, and the second microstrip line and the second vibrating arm are located on a second plate surface of the dielectric substrate;

the first plate surface and the second plate surface are two plate surfaces which are deviated from each other.

10. The antenna of claim 9, wherein the folded dipole is located on the first or second face of the dielectric substrate.

11. An antenna according to any of claims 3 to 10, wherein the dipole further comprises a first auxiliary horn and a second auxiliary horn, the first and second auxiliary horns being symmetrically disposed about the collective line;

the first auxiliary vibrating arm is positioned on one side of the first microstrip line, and one end, close to the first microstrip line, of the first auxiliary vibrating arm is connected with the first microstrip line; the second auxiliary vibration arm is positioned on one side of the second microstrip line, and one end, close to the second microstrip line, of the second auxiliary vibration arm is connected with the second microstrip line;

the first auxiliary vibration arm and the first vibration arm are arranged adjacently, and the second auxiliary vibration arm and the second vibration arm are arranged adjacently.

12. The antenna of claim 11, wherein the first auxiliary horn is disposed closer to the first end of the aggregate line than the first horn, and wherein the length of the first auxiliary horn is smaller than the length of the first horn;

the second auxiliary vibrating arm is arranged close to the first end of the aggregation line compared with the second vibrating arm, and the length of the second auxiliary vibrating arm is smaller than that of the second vibrating arm.

13. The antenna according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the extended end of the first vibrating arm and the extended end of the first auxiliary vibrating arm are connected to each other; and the extending end of the second vibration arm and the extending end of the second auxiliary vibration arm are connected with each other.

14. A communication device comprising a signal processing circuit and an antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13, the signal processing circuit being electrically connected to the antenna.

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