CN114672645B - Method for preparing ferrotitanium alloy from vanadium titano-magnetite tailings - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing ferrotitanium alloy by utilizing vanadium titano-magnetite tailings, and belongs to the technical field of pyrometallurgy. The method comprises the following steps: a. mixing vanadium titano-magnetite tailings, a binder and water in proportion, pelletizing, and drying to obtain dry pellets; b. and uniformly mixing the dry pellets and the reducing agent in proportion, and smelting to obtain the ferrotitanium alloy. The method has the advantages of simple process, low cost, short period, high added value of products and the like, can efficiently enrich valuable resources such as iron, titanium, vanadium, chromium and the like in the vanadium titano-magnetite tailings, has higher economic benefit, and can effectively solve the problem of lower recovery rate of the valuable resources in the vanadium titano-magnetite tailings recovered in the prior art.

Description

Method for preparing titanium-iron alloy using vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of pyrometallurgy, and specifically relates to a method for preparing titanium-iron alloy using vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings.

Background technique

my country's vanadium-titanium magnetite reserves have reached more than 10 billion tons, and the ore mainly contains three valuable elements: Fe, V, and Ti. Among them, iron reserves account for about 10% of the country's total reserves of various iron ores, titanium reserves account for 86% of the country's reserves, and vanadium reserves account for about 48% of the country's total. For every 5 million tons of iron concentrate produced, 7.5 million tons of vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings will be produced. The tailings contain iron, titanium, scandium, sulfur, cobalt, nickel and other valuable elements. The iron content 13%-15%, titanium dioxide content 8%-10%, vanadium pentoxide about 0.1%, scandium content 0.0039%-0.0042%, sulfur content 0.4%-0.69%, cobalt content 0.01%-0.017%, nickel content 0.0011% -0.0042%.

The accumulation of large amounts of tailings not only occupies a lot of valuable land resources, causing serious ecological damage and environmental pollution, but also poses serious safety risks. Because of its small, loose and easy-flowing characteristics, tailings can easily cause landslides and collapses. Tailings contain a large number of metallic elements and non-metallic elements. In view of the environmental pollution and resource waste caused by the large accumulation of vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings, some literature shows that hydrometallurgy is used to separate some of the valuable resources. But none of them have been industrialized, and the resource recovery rate is not high. As far as the existing technology is concerned, it is difficult to separate and recover valuable resources using mineral processing and extraction metallurgy methods. Many elements cannot be recovered or the recovery cost is too high. , so it has not been effectively utilized for a long time, which has resulted in the loss and waste of resources. The technology of smelting vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings to prepare titanium-ferroalloy and recovering valuable resources such as iron, titanium and vanadium has not yet been reported.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is the problem of low recovery rate of valuable resources in the prior art of recovering vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a method for preparing titanium-iron alloy using vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings, which includes the following steps:

a. Mix vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings, binder and water at a mass ratio of 100:2-3:4-9 to form pellets, and dry them to obtain dry pellets;

b. Mix the dry pellets and the reducing agent at a mass ratio of 100:4-6, and then smelt at 1400-1600°C for 15-50 minutes to obtain a titanium-iron alloy.

In the above step a, the binder is at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethylcellulose, molasses, sucrose, starch, and paste.

In the above step b, the reducing agent is at least one of coke, graphite, activated carbon, charcoal, and blue carbon.

Further, the particle size of the reducing agent is 1-5 mm.

In the above step a, the particle size of the vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings is 100-325 mesh.

In the above step a, the pelletizing method is to add the vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings in proportion to the pelletizing machine, spray in the binder and water, and after forming the cue ball, continue to add the vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings in proportion. , binder and water until the cue ball grows to the desired size and then remove the pellet.

Further, the size of the pellets is 8-15mm.

In the above step a, the balling speed is 15-20r/min.

In the above step a, the drying temperature is 100-150°C and the drying time is 40-100 minutes.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the method of preparing titanium ferroalloy by utilizing vanadium titanium magnetite tailings of the present invention specifically designs the mixing ratio of the pelletizing raw materials and limits the pellet size in view of the characteristics of the vanadium titanium magnetite tailings. The obtained pellets are combined with the smelting process of the present invention, and in the finally prepared ferrotitanium alloy: the grade of iron is 74-81.3%, the grade of titanium is 23.4-26.5%, and the grade of vanadium is 0.20-0.23%; the iron recovery rate The recovery rate of titanium is 96-97%, the recovery rate of titanium is 84.5-86.9%, and the recovery rate of vanadium is 78.4-79.5%. By using the method of the present invention to smelt vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings into titanium-iron alloy, valuable resources in the vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings can be effectively recovered with a high recovery rate.

The method of the invention is suitable for industries such as pyrometallurgical smelting of iron and vanadium, and improves and overcomes the serious environmental pollution, low resource utilization rate, long process flow, and low economic benefits existing in the current vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings storage and treatment processes. Disadvantages: It has the advantages of simple process, low cost, short cycle, and high added value of products. It can efficiently enrich valuable resources such as iron, titanium, vanadium, and chromium from vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings, and prepare ferro-titanium alloys. It has high economic benefits.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a process flow chart of the method for preparing titanium ferroalloy by utilizing vanadium titanium magnetite tailings according to the present invention;

Figure 2 is an XRD spectrum of the ferrotitanium alloy prepared in Example 3 of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solution of the present invention can be implemented specifically in the following manner.

The specific process flow chart of the method of preparing titanium ferroalloy by utilizing vanadium titanium magnetite tailings according to the present invention is shown in Figure 1.

A method for preparing titanium-iron alloy using vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings includes the following steps:

a. Mix vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings, binder and water at a mass ratio of 100:2-3:4-9 to form pellets, and dry them to obtain dry pellets;

b. Mix the dry pellets and the reducing agent at a mass ratio of 100:4-6, and then smelt at 1400-1600°C for 15-50 minutes to obtain a titanium-iron alloy.

In the above step a, the binder is at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, molasses, sucrose, starch, and paste; the particle size of the vanadium titanium magnetite tailings is 100-325 mesh.

In the above step a, a disc pelletizing machine is used to make balls, and the ball making speed is 15-20r/min. During the pelletizing process, add appropriate vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings into the disc pelletizing machine, spray in appropriate binder and water; when the cue ball is formed, continue to add mineral powder, water and binder. Until the cue ball grows to the required size; preferably, the size of the pellet is 8-15mm.

In the above step a, the drying step is performed in a blast drying oven, the drying temperature is 100-150°C, and the drying time is 40-100 minutes.

In the above step b, the reducing agent is at least one of coke, graphite, activated carbon, charcoal, and blue carbon; preferably, the particle size of the reducing agent is 1-5 mm.

Preferably, in the above step b, smelting is performed in an electric arc furnace or resistance furnace.

The technical solutions and effects of the present invention will be further described below through practical examples.

Example

The present invention provides three groups of examples and one group of comparative examples for preparing ferrotitanium alloys using the method of the present invention. The grades of vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings used in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1 are: Fe11.43%, TiO ₂ 4.157%, V ₂ O ₅ 0.039%, Cr ₂ O ₃ 0.004%.

Example 1

a. Finely grind 10kg of vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings, pass through a 100-mesh sieve, put it into a container and mix well for use;

b. Turn on the disc pelletizing machine, adjust the speed to 15r/min, and set the inclination angle to 50°; then add 2kg of tailings powder into the disc pelletizing machine, spray in 40g of binder and 150ml of water; wait until a cue ball is formed After that, continue to add tailings powder, water and binder until the cue ball grows to the required size and then take it out. Then repeat this step until all 10kg of vanadium titanium magnetite tailings are pelletized, and the average size is 9mm. of wet pellets;

c. Place all the wet pellets obtained in the crucible and dry them in a forced air drying oven. The drying time is 30 minutes and the drying temperature is 100°C to obtain 9.56kg dry pellets;

d. Mix the dry pellets and coke particles (particle size about 3mm) in a mass ratio of 100:4 and smelt them in an electric arc furnace. The melting temperature is 1600°C and the melting time is 20 minutes to obtain 1.5kg of titanium ferroalloy and 8.1kg. Slag.

Example 2

a. Finely grind 10kg of vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings, pass through a 100-mesh sieve, put it into a container and mix well for use;

b. Turn on the disc pelletizing machine, adjust the speed to 18r/min, and set the inclination angle to 50°; then add 1kg of tailings powder into the disc pelletizing machine, spray in 22g of binder and 70ml of water; wait until a cue ball is formed After that, continue to add tailings powder, water and binder until the cue ball grows to the required size and then take it out. Then repeat this step until all 10kg of vanadium titanium magnetite tailings are pelletized, and the average size is 12mm. of wet pellets;

c. Place all the wet pellets obtained in the crucible and dry them in a blast drying oven with a drying time of 20 minutes and a drying temperature of 120°C to obtain 9.24kg of dry pellets;

d. Mix dry pellets and coke particles (particle size about 4mm) in a mass ratio of 100:5 and smelt them in an electric arc furnace. The melting temperature is 1700°C and the melting time is 15 minutes to obtain 1.3kg of titanium ferroalloy and 8.18kg. Slag.

Example 3

a. Finely grind 10kg of vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings, pass through a 100-mesh sieve, put it into a container and mix well for use;

b. Turn on the disc pelletizing machine, adjust the speed to 20r/min, and set the inclination angle to 60°; then add 2kg of tailings powder into the disc pelletizing machine, spray in 40g of binder and 150ml of water; wait until a cue ball is formed After that, continue to add tailings powder, water and binder until the cue ball grows to the required size and then take it out. Then repeat this step until all 10kg of vanadium titanium magnetite tailings are pelletized, and the average size is 13mm. of wet pellets;

c. Place all the wet pellets obtained in the crucible and dry them in a blast drying oven. The drying time is 20 minutes and the drying temperature is 120°C to obtain 9.12kg dry pellets;

d. Mix the dry pellets and coke particles (particle size about 5mm) in a mass ratio of 100:6 and smelt them in an electric arc furnace. The melting temperature is 1650°C and the melting time is 20 minutes to obtain 1.45kg of titanium ferroalloy and 7.82kg. Slag.

Comparative example 1

a. Finely grind 10kg of vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings, pass through a 100-mesh sieve, put it into a container and mix well for use;

b. Turn on the disc pelletizing machine, adjust the speed to 12r/min, and set the inclination angle to 60°; then add 1kg of tailings powder into the disc pelletizing machine, spray in 15g of binder and 35ml of water; wait until a cue ball is formed Finally, continue to add tailings powder, water and binder until the cue ball grows to the required size and then take it out. Then repeat this step until all 10kg of vanadium titanium magnetite tailings are pelletized to obtain a 20mm size. Wet pellets;;

c. Place all the wet pellets obtained in the crucible and dry them in a blast drying oven with a drying time of 20 minutes and a drying temperature of 120°C to obtain 8.08kg of dry pellets;

d. Mix the dry pellets and coke particles (particle size about 5mm) in a mass ratio of 100:3 and smelt them in an electric arc furnace. The melting temperature is 1600°C and the melting time is 30 minutes to obtain 0.98kg of titanium ferroalloy and 7.34kg. Slag.

The grade of the ferrotitanium alloy obtained in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1 was tested, and the recovery rate was calculated. The results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Test results of titanium ferroalloy

X-ray diffraction analysis was performed on the ferrotitanium alloy prepared in Example 3, and the obtained XRD spectrum is shown in Figure 2.

As can be seen from Figure 2, the alloy prepared by the present invention is a titanium-iron alloy; as shown in Table 1, the method of the present invention can be used to utilize resources such as iron, titanium and vanadium in the vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings to produce high-quality titanium-iron alloys. products with high recovery rates.

Claims (7)

1. The method for preparing the ferrotitanium alloy by utilizing the vanadium titano-magnetite tailings is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

a. mixing vanadium titano-magnetite tailings, a binder and water according to the mass ratio of 100:2-3:4-9, pelletizing, and drying to obtain dry pellets;

b. uniformly mixing the dry pellets and a reducing agent according to the mass ratio of 100:4-6, and smelting at 1400-1600 ℃ for 15-50min to obtain ferrotitanium alloy;

in the step a, the pelletizing mode is to add vanadium titano-magnetite tailings in proportion into a pelletizer, spray binder and water, and continuously add the vanadium titano-magnetite tailings, the binder and the water in proportion after forming the mother pellets until the mother pellets are as large as required in length and then take out the pellets; the pellet size is 8-15mm.

2. The method for preparing ferrotitanium alloy by utilizing vanadium titano-magnetite tailings according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step a, the binder is at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, molasses, sucrose, starch and paste.

3. The method for preparing ferrotitanium alloy by utilizing vanadium titano-magnetite tailings according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step b, the reducing agent is at least one of coke, graphite, active carbon, charcoal and blue carbon.

4. The method for preparing ferrotitanium alloy by utilizing vanadium titano-magnetite tailings according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step a, the granularity of the vanadium titano-magnetite tailings is 100-325 meshes.

5. The method for preparing ferrotitanium alloy from vanadium titano-magnetite tailings according to claim 3, wherein: the granularity of the reducing agent is 1-5mm.

6. The method for preparing ferrotitanium alloy by utilizing vanadium titano-magnetite tailings according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step a, the pelletizing rotating speed is 15-20r/min.

7. The method for preparing ferrotitanium alloy by utilizing vanadium titano-magnetite tailings according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step a, the drying temperature is 100-150 ℃ and the drying time is 40-100min.