CN114720961B

CN114720961B - Combined double-optical-fiber transceiver and laser radar

Info

Publication number: CN114720961B
Application number: CN202210280557.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 武光杰; 王剑波; 杜晨光
Original assignee: Lorenz Ningbo Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Lorenz Ningbo Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-03-22
Filing date: 2022-03-22
Publication date: 2025-09-19
Anticipated expiration: 2042-03-22
Also published as: CN114720961A

Abstract

The invention provides a combined double-optical-fiber transceiver and a laser radar, relates to the technical field of optical communication, and is designed for solving the problem that the signal value of return light is weak under the condition that a high-power laser is not replaced. The combined double-fiber transceiver comprises N sections of double-fiber elements, lasers and APD detection receivers, wherein the double-fiber elements comprise single-mode fibers and coreless fibers, the single-mode fibers of the N sections of double-fiber elements are connected in series to form a transmission light path, the lasers are connected to the input end of the transmission light path, the output end of the transmission light path is connected with an end cap, the coreless fibers of the sections of double-fiber elements close to the end cap in the N sections of double-fiber elements extend outwards from one end of the corresponding double-fiber elements far away from the output end and are connected to the APD detection receivers, N is a natural number, and N is more than or equal to 2. The laser radar comprises the combined double-optical-fiber transceiver. The invention can effectively enhance the signal value of the return light.

Description

Combined double-optical-fiber transceiver and laser radar

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of optical communication, in particular to a combined double-optical-fiber transceiver and a laser radar.

Background

The laser radar has extremely high angular resolution, distance resolution and speed resolution, and has wide speed measurement, capability of obtaining various images of targets, strong anti-interference capability, small volume and small weight, thus being widely applied. However, the technical difficulty of the laser radar is high, so far is not mature, and especially the research on the fiber scanning laser radar is more difficult, wherein one technical difficulty is that the light signal receiving efficiency is low when the detection distance is long, specifically, if the detection distance is long, the signal of the return light is weak and is not easy to be received by the detection receiver, and if the high-power laser is replaced, the cost is high, a certain danger exists, and the stability of the whole product is also at a certain risk.

Therefore, how to increase the signal value of the return light without replacing the high-power laser is a technical problem to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The first object of the present invention is to provide a combined dual-fiber transceiver device, which solves the technical problem that the signal value of the return light is weak without replacing the high-power laser.

The invention provides a combined double-fiber transceiver which comprises N sections of double-fiber elements, a laser and an APD (AVALANCHE PHOTO DIODE ) detection receiver, wherein the double-fiber elements comprise single-mode fibers and coreless fibers, the N sections of single-mode fibers of the double-fiber elements are connected in series to form a transmission light path, the laser is connected to the input end of the transmission light path, the output end of the transmission light path is connected with an end cap, and the coreless fibers of the multiple sections of double-fiber elements close to the end cap in the N sections of double-fiber elements extend outwards from the end, far away from the output end, of the corresponding double-fiber elements and are connected to the APD detection receiver, wherein N is a natural number and is more than or equal to 2.

Further, the number of coreless fibers connected to the APD probe receiver is N-1.

Further, the modular dual fiber transceiver apparatus also includes a PIN detection receiver connected to the coreless fiber of the dual fiber element furthest from the end cap.

Further, in each section of the dual-fiber element, the single-mode fiber is closely attached to the coreless fiber.

Further, a plurality of segments of the dual fiber element are closely conformed by each of the coreless fibers extending from an end distal from the output end prior to connection to the APD detection receiver.

Further, each coreless fiber used for being connected with the APD detection receiver is tightly attached to form a coreless fiber bundle, and the cross section of the coreless fiber bundle is honeycomb-shaped.

Further, the distances of the return light of the combined double-optical-fiber transceiver to the APD detection receiver are equal.

Further, n=4.

Further, the N sections of the double optical fiber elements are equal in length.

The combined double-optical-fiber transceiver has the beneficial effects that:

The combined double-fiber transceiver mainly composed of N sections of double-fiber elements, lasers and APD detection receivers is arranged, when the combined double-fiber transceiver works, the lasers emit light, a transmission light path is formed by connecting all single-mode fibers in series, the light emitted by the lasers is transmitted to the end cap, and then emitted out of the end cap, the returned light is received by the end cap, the returned light is continuously transmitted by the transmission light path, and is coupled into coreless fibers of the multi-section double-fiber elements, finally, the optical signals in the multi-section coreless fibers are combined, superimposed and enhanced, and the APD detection receivers receive the optical signals, so that the aim of enhancing the optical signals is fulfilled.

Therefore, the combined double-optical-fiber transceiver utilizes the double-optical-fiber elements which are arranged in a segmented way, so that light received by coupling of the multi-segment coreless optical fibers is combined and superimposed to achieve the purpose of enhancing the optical signal, and the enhancement of the return optical signal value can be realized on the premise of not replacing a high-power laser, and the problems in the prior art are effectively solved.

In addition, the return light signal value can be enhanced without replacing the high-power laser, so that the cost is reduced, and the safety in the working process of the laser radar is also reduced.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a lidar for solving the technical problem that the signal value of the return light is weak without replacing the high-power laser.

The laser radar provided by the invention comprises the combined double-optical-fiber transceiver.

The laser radar has the beneficial effects that:

by arranging the combined double-optical-fiber transceiver in the laser radar, the laser radar has all the advantages of the combined double-optical-fiber transceiver, and the description is omitted herein.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a combined dual-fiber transceiver according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a coreless fiber bundle of a combined dual-fiber transceiver device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an operating principle of a combined dual-fiber transceiver according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-fiber component of a combined dual-fiber transceiver according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals illustrate:

110-a first dual-fiber element, 111-a first single-mode fiber, 112-a first coreless fiber;

120-second dual-fiber element, 121-second single-mode fiber, 122-second coreless fiber;

130-third double-fiber element, 131-third single-mode fiber, 132-third coreless fiber;

140-fourth double-fiber element, 141-fourth single-mode fiber, 142-fourth coreless fiber;

150-coreless fiber bundle, 200-laser, 300-APD detection receiver, 400-endcap, 500-PIN detection receiver.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a combined dual-fiber transceiver according to the present embodiment, fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional diagram of a coreless fiber bundle 150 of the combined dual-fiber transceiver according to the present embodiment, and fig. 3 is a schematic working principle of the combined dual-fiber transceiver according to the present embodiment. As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a combined optical fiber transceiver, which includes four sections of dual optical fiber elements, and a laser 200 and an APD detection receiver 300, wherein the four sections of dual optical fiber elements are a first dual optical fiber element 110, a second dual optical fiber element 120, a third dual optical fiber element 130 and a fourth dual optical fiber element 140, respectively, the first dual optical fiber element 110 includes a first single mode fiber 111 and a first coreless fiber 112, the second dual optical fiber element 120 includes a second single mode fiber 121 and a second coreless fiber 122, the third dual optical fiber element 130 includes a third single mode fiber 131 and a third coreless fiber 132, and the fourth dual optical fiber element 140 includes a fourth single mode fiber 141 and a fourth coreless fiber 142.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-fiber component of the combined dual-fiber transceiver according to the present embodiment. Since the basic structures of the first dual-fiber element 110, the second dual-fiber element 120, the third dual-fiber element 130 and the fourth dual-fiber element 140 are the same, the structure and the operation principle of the dual-fiber element will be described by taking the first dual-fiber element 110 as an example. As shown in fig. 4, the first dual-fiber element 110 includes a first single-mode fiber 111 and a first coreless fiber 112, where the first single-mode fiber 111 and the first coreless fiber 112 are disposed in close proximity, the core M of the first single-mode fiber 111 is used for transmitting emitted light, the outer cladding of the first single-mode fiber 111 is used for receiving return light, and the return light received by the outer cladding of the first single-mode fiber 111 is coupled into the first coreless fiber 112, which is called coaxial transceiving.

With continued reference to fig. 1 and 3, the first single-mode fiber 111, the second single-mode fiber 121, the third single-mode fiber 131 and the fourth single-mode fiber 141 are connected in series to form a transmission optical path, the laser 200 is connected to an input end of the transmission optical path, an output end of the transmission optical path is connected to the end cap 400, the second coreless fiber 122 extends outwards from an end of the second dual-fiber element 120 away from the output end, the third coreless fiber 132 extends outwards from an end of the third dual-fiber element 130 away from the output end, and the fourth coreless fiber 142 extends outwards from an end of the fourth dual-fiber element 140 away from the output end and is connected to the APD detection receiver 300.

By arranging the combined double-fiber transceiver mainly composed of four sections of double-fiber elements, the laser 200 and the APD detection receiver 300, when the combined double-fiber transceiver works, the laser 200 emits light, a transmission light path is formed by connecting the first single-mode fiber 111, the second single-mode fiber 121, the third single-mode fiber 131 and the fourth single-mode fiber 141 in series, the light emitted by the laser 200 is transmitted to the end cap 400, further emitted from the end cap 400, received by the end cap 400, and continuously transmitted by the transmission light path, and coupled into the first coreless fiber 112, the second coreless fiber 122, the third coreless fiber 132 and the fourth coreless fiber 142, and finally the light signals in the multiple sections of coreless fibers are combined and superimposed to enhance the light signals, and the APD detection receiver 300 receives the light signals to enhance the light signals.

In general, the reception efficiency of the optical signal is 20%, that is, the signal value reception efficiency of the return light is 20% without replacing the high-power laser 200 in the related art. In the present embodiment, since the receiving efficiency of each section of the dual-optical fiber element is 20%, and the four sections of the dual-optical fiber elements are connected in series, at this time, the receiving efficiency of the fourth dual-optical fiber element 140 is still 20%, along with the continuous transmission of the return light, the receiving efficiency of the optical signal when transmitted to the third dual-optical fiber element 130 will be (1-20%) 20%, and the receiving efficiency of the optical signal when transmitted to the second dual-optical fiber element 120 will be [1-20% - (1-20%) 20% ] 20%, so that the receiving efficiency of the optical signal will be 20% + (1-20% + [1-20% - (1-20%) ] 20% = 48.8%, compared with the receiving efficiency (20%) of the single section of the dual-optical fiber element, the setting greatly increases the receiving efficiency of the optical signal, thereby effectively improving the signal value of the return light.

Therefore, the combined double-optical-fiber transceiver utilizes the double optical fiber elements which are arranged in a segmented way, so that light received by coupling of the multi-segment coreless optical fibers is combined and superimposed to achieve the purpose of enhancing the optical signal, and the enhancement of the return optical signal value can be realized on the premise of not replacing the high-power laser 200, and the problems in the prior art are effectively solved.

In addition, since the return light signal value can be enhanced without replacing the high-power laser 200, not only is the cost reduced, but also the safety in the laser radar working process is reduced.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the structure and the working principle of the combined dual-fiber transceiver are described only by taking n=4 as an example, and it is understood that N may be other natural numbers not less than 2.

With continued reference to FIG. 4, it should be further noted that, for a coreless fiber, a standard fiber generally has a core (e.g., the single-mode fiber of FIG. 4 has a core M) therein, while the terminating fiber of the coreless fiber has only a silica cladding, without distinct core and coating layers. This waveguiding-free structure helps to reduce back reflection or prevent damage to the fiber end face in high power applications. For single mode fiber, light enters the fiber at a specific incident angle, full emission occurs between the fiber and the cladding, and when the diameter is smaller, only light in one direction is allowed to pass through, namely the single mode fiber.

With continued reference to fig. 1, in this embodiment, the number of coreless fibers connected to APD detection receiver 300 is three, that is, the number of coreless fibers connected to APD detection receiver 300 is N-1.

The APD detection receiver 300 is arranged to generate avalanche multiplication effect by means of the action of an internal strong electric field, has extremely high internal gain (up to 102-104 orders of magnitude), and can receive data and measure optical power more sensitively and accurately.

With continued reference to fig. 1 and 3, in this embodiment, the combined dual-fiber transceiver may further include a PIN detection receiver 500, where the PIN detection receiver 500 is connected to the first coreless fiber 112 of the first dual-fiber element 110, that is, the PIN detection receiver 500 is connected to the coreless fiber of the dual-fiber element furthest from the endcap 400.

By providing the PIN detection receiver 500, detection of the near-end blind zone can be achieved.

It should be noted that, a common diode is composed of a PN junction, and a thin layer of a low doped Intrinsic (Intrinsic) semiconductor layer is added between P and N semiconductor materials, and the diode of this P-I-N structure is a PIN diode, which is used to form the PIN detection receiver 500.

In this embodiment, in each section of the dual-fiber element, the single-mode fiber is closely attached to the coreless fiber. That is, in the first dual-fiber element 110, the first single-mode fiber 111 is closely adhered to the first coreless fiber 112, in the second dual-fiber element 120, the second single-mode fiber 121 is closely adhered to the second coreless fiber 122, in the third dual-fiber element 130, the third single-mode fiber 131 is closely adhered to the third coreless fiber 132, and in the fourth dual-fiber element 140, the fourth single-mode fiber 141 is closely adhered to the fourth coreless fiber 142.

Through the arrangement, the coupling efficiency of the return light can be effectively improved.

Specifically, the first dual-fiber element 110, the second dual-fiber element 120, the third dual-fiber element 130, and the fourth dual-fiber element 140 are each provided with a cladding for wrapping the single-mode optical fibers and coreless optical fibers of the respective dual-fiber elements. The cladding layer can play a certain role in protecting the single-mode optical fiber and the coreless optical fiber and provide a reflecting surface or optical isolation.

With continued reference to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the second dual-fiber element 120 is formed by a second coreless fiber 122 extending from an end far from the output end, the third dual-fiber element 130 is formed by a third coreless fiber 132 extending from an end far from the output end, and the fourth dual-fiber element 140 is formed by a fourth coreless fiber 142 extending from an end far from the output end, and the second coreless fiber 122, the third coreless fiber 132, and the fourth coreless fiber 142 are tightly attached before being connected to the APD detection receiver 300, that is, before reaching the point a.

By this arrangement, the coupling efficiency of the return light can be further improved.

With continued reference to fig. 2, in this embodiment, the second coreless fiber 122, the third coreless fiber 132, and the fourth coreless fiber 142 are tightly adhered to form a coreless fiber bundle 150 before being connected to the APD detection receiver 300, wherein the cross section of the coreless fiber bundle 150 is honeycomb-shaped.

By the arrangement, the close fitting of each coreless fiber can be ensured, and meanwhile, the compact structure of the coreless fiber bundle 150 can be ensured.

Referring to fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the paths of the return light reaching the APD detection receiver 300 are equal in the combined dual-fiber transceiver. That is, the length of the fourth coreless fiber 142+the length of the extended line of the fourth coreless fiber 142=the length of the fourth single-mode fiber 141+the length of the extended line of the third coreless fiber 132=the length of the fourth single-mode fiber 141+the length of the third single-mode fiber 131+the length of the second coreless fiber 122+the length of the extended line of the second coreless fiber 122.

In addition, the embodiment also provides a laser radar, which comprises the combined double-optical-fiber transceiver.

It should be noted that, how the laser radar uses the combined dual-fiber transceiver to realize its basic functions is known in the art by those skilled in the art, and this embodiment is not improved, so that the description is omitted.

Although the present invention is disclosed above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention should be assessed accordingly to that of the appended claims.

Finally, it is further noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises an element.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A combined dual-fiber transceiver device, characterized in that it comprises N sections of dual-fiber elements, a laser (200) and an APD detection receiver (300), wherein the dual-fiber elements comprise single-mode optical fibers and coreless optical fibers, the single-mode optical fibers of the N sections of the dual-fiber elements are connected in series to form a transmission optical path, the laser (200) is connected to the input end of the transmission optical path, and the output end of the transmission optical path is connected to an end cap (400); in the N sections of the dual-fiber elements, the coreless optical fibers of the multiple sections of the dual-fiber elements close to the end cap (400) extend outward from one end of the corresponding dual-fiber element away from the output end and are all connected to the APD detection receiver (300), wherein N is a natural number and N≥2; the number of coreless optical fibers connected to the APD detection receiver (300) is N-1; in each section of the dual-fiber element, the single-mode optical fiber is tightly fitted with the coreless optical fiber.

2. The combined dual-fiber transceiver device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the combined dual-fiber transceiver device further includes a PIN detection receiver (500), and the PIN detection receiver (500) is connected to the coreless optical fiber of the dual-fiber element farthest from the end cap (400).

3. The combined dual-fiber transceiver device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the multiple sections of the coreless optical fibers extending from one end of the dual-fiber element away from the output end are tightly fitted before being connected to the APD detection receiver (300).

4. The combined dual-fiber transceiver device according to claim 3 is characterized in that the coreless optical fibers connected to the APD detection receiver (300) are tightly fitted to form a coreless optical fiber bundle (150), and the cross-section of the coreless optical fiber bundle (150) is honeycomb-shaped.

5. The combined dual-fiber transceiver device according to claim 3, characterized in that the distances traveled by the return light of the combined dual-fiber transceiver device to reach the APD detection receiver (300) are all equal.

The combined dual-fiber transceiver according to claim 1 , wherein N=4.

7. The combined dual-fiber transceiver device according to claim 1, wherein the N sections of the dual-fiber elements are of equal length.

8. A laser radar, characterized by comprising the combined dual-fiber transceiver device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.