CN114740155B - A device and method for detecting evapotranspiration in forest ecosystems - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and a method for detecting evapotranspiration in a forest ecosystem. The device includes: a plurality of vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices; each vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring device is used to collect the first signal at a preset position in the forest ecosystem. an evapotranspiration; a first calculation module for calculating a second evapotranspiration based on pre-acquired meteorological data within a historical time period of a weather station; a second calculation module for calculating a second evapotranspiration based on the first evapotranspiration at each preset location The first coefficient is calculated by calculating the amount and the second evapotranspiration; the data acquisition device is used to obtain the current meteorological data corresponding to the forest ecosystem; the third calculation module is used to calculate based on the current corresponding meteorological data of the forest ecosystem Obtain the third evapotranspiration currently corresponding to the forest ecosystem; a fourth calculation module is used to obtain the actual evapotranspiration of the forest ecosystem based on the first coefficient and the third evapotranspiration currently corresponding to the forest ecosystem. quantity.

Description

A device and method for detecting evapotranspiration in forest ecosystems

Technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of evapotranspiration detection, and in particular to a device and method for detecting evapotranspiration in a forest ecosystem.

Background technique

There are many methods for studying forest evapotranspiration in the existing technology, such as water balance method, energy balance method, actual measurement method, empirical formula (such as Pengmen formula) method, etc. Among them, the meteorological data required by the Pengmen formula method can be obtained from weather stations, and then the annual evapotranspiration is calculated based on the ratio of the actual measured data or the energy balance method to the possible evapotranspiration calculated by the Pengmen formula. This method can obtain evapotranspiration data relatively easily, providing convenience for long-term evapotranspiration research in high-altitude areas.

However, there are certain drawbacks to using this method. For example, the Pengmen formula cannot directly calculate the evapotranspiration of different forest types. The weight of evapotranspiration of different forest types is not taken into account in the detection of evapotranspiration of forest ecosystems. At the same time, , there is no detection device for forest ecosystem evapotranspiration in the existing technology. For example, the vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring device suitable for complex ground surfaces mentioned in the patent document with the authorization announcement number CN104459052B only targets a small area of the surface. Monitoring the evapotranspiration of vegetation on the ground cannot detect the evapotranspiration of the entire forest ecosystem.

Contents of the invention

(1) Technical problems to be solved

In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a device and method for detecting evapotranspiration in a forest ecosystem, which solves the problem that the prior art does not take into account the weight of evapotranspiration of different forest types and cannot simultaneously measure the evapotranspiration of the entire forest. Technical issues in detecting evapotranspiration of ecosystems.

(2) Technical solutions

In order to achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a device for detecting evapotranspiration in a forest ecosystem, including:

Multiple vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices respectively installed at different preset positions in the forest ecosystem;

Wherein, each vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring device is used to collect the first evapotranspiration amount at a preset position in the forest ecosystem;

The first calculation module is used to calculate the second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem by using the Pengmen formula calculation method based on the meteorological data in the historical time period corresponding to the forest ecosystem obtained from the weather station in advance;

A second calculation module, configured to calculate a first coefficient based on the first evapotranspiration at each preset position in the forest ecosystem and the second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem;

A data collection device used to obtain current meteorological data corresponding to the forest ecosystem;

The third calculation module is used to calculate the third evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem based on the current meteorological data corresponding to the forest ecosystem using the Pengmen formula calculation method;

A fourth calculation module is configured to obtain the actual evapotranspiration of the forest ecosystem based on the first coefficient and the third evapotranspiration currently corresponding to the forest ecosystem.

Preferably,

The area of each preset location in the forest ecosystem is 5m×5m;

The first evapotranspiration at each preset position in the forest ecosystem is the evapotranspiration of vegetation on the ground surface at the preset position.

Preferably,

The number of vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices is N;

Among them, N is greater than or equal to 5.

Preferably,

The historical time period includes 180 days;

The meteorological data corresponding to the historical time period of the forest ecosystem include: the highest temperature, lowest temperature, maximum wind speed, relative humidity, precipitation, sunshine hours, and solar shortwave radiation for each day during the historical period.

Preferably, the second calculation module calculates the first coefficient based on the first evapotranspiration at each location in the forest ecosystem and the second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem, specifically including:

Based on the first evapotranspiration at each location in all the forest ecosystems, obtain the corresponding average value of all first evapotranspiration;

The first coefficient is calculated using formula (1) based on the average value of all first evapotranspiration and the second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem;

The formula (1) is:

Among them, f is the first coefficient;

E is the second evapotranspiration;

E _i is the first evapotranspiration collected by i vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices.

Preferably,

The preset location in the forest ecosystem where each vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring device is located is the location of any medium forest type in the forest ecosystem.

Preferably, the second calculation module calculates the first coefficient based on the first evapotranspiration at each location in the forest ecosystem and the second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem, specifically including:

The first coefficient is calculated using formula (2) based on the first evapotranspiration at each location in all the forest ecosystems and the second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem;

Among them, the formula (2) is:

Among them, f is the first coefficient;

E is the second evapotranspiration;

E _i is the first evapotranspiration collected by i vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices.

_ai is the preset weight value corresponding to the first evapotranspiration collected by i vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices.

Preferably,

The current meteorological data includes: maximum temperature, minimum temperature, maximum wind speed, relative humidity, precipitation, sunshine hours, and solar shortwave radiation within the current date.

Preferably, the fourth calculation module obtains the actual evapotranspiration of the forest ecosystem based on the third evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem and the first coefficient, specifically including:

The fourth calculation module is used to calculate and obtain the actual evapotranspiration of the forest ecosystem based on the third evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem and the first coefficient using formula (3);

The formula (3) is:

Wherein, the E _A is the third evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem;

The E _B is the actual evapotranspiration of the forest ecosystem.

In a second aspect, this embodiment also provides a method for detecting evapotranspiration in a forest ecosystem, which method is executed by any of the above-described devices for detecting evapotranspiration in a forest ecosystem.

(3) Beneficial effects

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the forest ecosystem evapotranspiration detection device of the present invention has a plurality of vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices respectively arranged at different preset positions in the forest ecosystem. Each vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring device, is used to collect the first evapotranspiration at a preset position in the forest ecosystem; and a first calculation module is used to use meteorological data in the historical time period corresponding to the forest ecosystem based on the pre-acquired weather station to calculate the amount of evapotranspiration. The gate formula calculation method calculates the second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem; and the second calculation module is used to calculate the second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem based on the first evapotranspiration at each preset position in the forest ecosystem and the location of the forest ecosystem. The corresponding second evapotranspiration is calculated to obtain the first coefficient; compared with the ratio of the possible evapotranspiration calculated according to the actual measurement method or the energy balance method and the Pengmen formula in the prior art, the first coefficient obtained by the present invention Since the first evapotranspiration obtained from multiple vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices at different preset positions has been used from the beginning, the first coefficient obtained is more realistic, and further, the actual evapotranspiration of the forest ecosystem is finally obtained. The quantity is more accurate.

Further, the preset position in the forest ecosystem where each vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring device is located is the position of any forest type in the forest ecosystem, and the first evapotranspiration amount collected by each vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring device corresponds to The preset weight value takes into account the weight of evapotranspiration of different forest types, making the actual evapotranspiration of the forest ecosystem finally obtained more accurate.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection device for forest ecosystem evapotranspiration of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

In order to better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention may be understood more clearly and thoroughly, and the scope of the present invention may be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

Referring to Figure 1, this embodiment provides a device for detecting evapotranspiration in a forest ecosystem, including:

Multiple vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices are respectively installed at different preset positions in the forest ecosystem.

Wherein, each vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring device is used to collect the first evapotranspiration amount at a preset position in the forest ecosystem.

The vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring device in this embodiment may be a vegetation evapotranspiration detection device suitable for complex ground surfaces described in the prior art authorization announcement number CN104459052B, or a device described in the authorization announcement number CN104459052B. An overall amplification device structure suitable for vegetation evapotranspiration detection equipment on complex ground surfaces.

The first calculation module is used to calculate the second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem using the Pengmen formula calculation method based on the meteorological data in the historical time period corresponding to the forest ecosystem obtained from the weather station in advance.

The second calculation module is used to calculate the first coefficient based on the first evapotranspiration at each preset position in the forest ecosystem and the second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem.

A data collection device is used to obtain the current meteorological data corresponding to the forest ecosystem.

The third calculation module is used to calculate the current third evapotranspiration of the forest ecosystem based on the current corresponding meteorological data of the forest ecosystem using the Pengmen formula calculation method.

A fourth calculation module is configured to obtain the actual evapotranspiration of the forest ecosystem based on the first coefficient and the third evapotranspiration currently corresponding to the forest ecosystem.

In the actual application of this embodiment, the area of each preset position in the forest ecosystem is 5m×5m.

The first evapotranspiration at each preset position in the forest ecosystem is the evapotranspiration of vegetation on the ground surface at the preset position.

In the practical application of this embodiment, the number of vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices is N.

Among them, N is greater than or equal to 5.

In the actual application of this embodiment, the historical time period includes 180 days.

The meteorological data corresponding to the historical time period of the forest ecosystem include: the highest temperature, lowest temperature, maximum wind speed, relative humidity, precipitation, sunshine hours, and solar shortwave radiation for each day during the historical period.

In the practical application of this embodiment, the second calculation module calculates the first evapotranspiration based on the first evapotranspiration at each location in the forest ecosystem and the second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem. Coefficients, specifically include:

Based on the first evapotranspiration at each location in all the forest ecosystems, the corresponding average value of all the first evapotranspiration is obtained.

The first coefficient is calculated using formula (1) based on the average value of all first evapotranspiration and the second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem.

The formula (1) is:

Among them, f is the first coefficient.

E is the second evapotranspiration.

E _i is the first evapotranspiration collected by i vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices.

In the practical application of this embodiment, the preset position in the forest ecosystem where each vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring device is located is the position of any middle forest type in the forest ecosystem.

In the practical application of this embodiment, the second calculation module calculates the first evapotranspiration based on the first evapotranspiration at each location in the forest ecosystem and the second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem. Coefficients, specifically include:

The first coefficient is calculated using formula (2) based on the first evapotranspiration at each location in all the forest ecosystems and the second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem.

Among them, the formula (2) is:

Among them, f is the first coefficient.

E is the second evapotranspiration.

E _i is the first evapotranspiration collected by i vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices.

_ai is the preset weight value corresponding to the first evapotranspiration collected by i vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices. That is to say, in this embodiment, the first evapotranspiration collected by each vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring device corresponds to a corresponding weight value. For example, if vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices are respectively installed at different forest types, then , different forest types also correspond to different weight values. Therefore, in the specific subsequent calculation process, the weights of evapotranspiration of different forest types are taken into account, so that the actual evapotranspiration of the forest ecosystem finally obtained is more accurate.

In the practical application of this embodiment, the current meteorological data includes: the highest temperature, lowest temperature, maximum wind speed, relative humidity, precipitation, sunshine hours, and solar shortwave radiation within the current date.

In the practical application of this embodiment, the fourth calculation module obtains the actual evapotranspiration of the forest ecosystem based on the third evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem and the first coefficient, which specifically includes:

The fourth calculation module is used to calculate and obtain the actual evapotranspiration of the forest ecosystem based on the third evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem and the first coefficient using formula (3);

The formula (3) is:

Wherein, the E _A is the third evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem.

The E _B is the actual evapotranspiration of the forest ecosystem.

The device for detecting evapotranspiration in a forest ecosystem in this embodiment has a plurality of vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices respectively disposed at different preset positions in the forest ecosystem. Each vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring device is used to detect evapotranspiration in the forest ecosystem. The first evapotranspiration is collected at a preset position in the system; and a first calculation module is used to calculate the meteorological data in the historical time period corresponding to the forest ecosystem based on the pre-obtained weather station using the Pengmen formula calculation method. Obtain the second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem; and a second calculation module for based on the first evapotranspiration at each preset position in the forest ecosystem and the second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem. The first coefficient is obtained by calculating the amount; compared with the ratio of the possible evapotranspiration calculated by the actual measurement method or the energy balance method and the Pengmen formula in the prior art, the first coefficient obtained by the present invention is used from the beginning. The first evapotranspiration obtained by multiple vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices at different preset positions is obtained, so the obtained first coefficient is more realistic, and further, the actual evapotranspiration of the forest ecosystem finally obtained is more accurate.

Further, the preset position in the forest ecosystem where each vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring device is located is the position of any forest type in the forest ecosystem, and the first evapotranspiration amount collected by each vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring device corresponds to The preset weight value takes into account the weight of evapotranspiration of different forest types, making the actual evapotranspiration of the forest ecosystem finally obtained more accurate.

In a second aspect, this embodiment also provides a method for detecting evapotranspiration in a forest ecosystem, which method is executed by any of the above-described devices for detecting evapotranspiration in a forest ecosystem.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more than two, unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly stated and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection", "fixing" and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. , or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two elements or an interaction between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated and limited, a first feature is "on" or "below" a second feature, which may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in direct contact through an intermediary. indirect contact. Furthermore, the terms "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. . The first feature being "below", "below" and "under" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "embodiments", "examples", "specific examples" or "some examples", etc., refer to the description in conjunction with the embodiment or example. A specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification unless they are inconsistent with each other.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are illustrative and should not be construed as limitations of the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make modifications to the above-mentioned embodiments within the scope of the present invention. The embodiments are subject to alterations, modifications, substitutions and variations.

Claims (7)

1. A detection device for forest ecosystem evapotranspiration, which is characterized in that it includes: Multiple vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices respectively installed at different preset positions in the forest ecosystem; Wherein, each vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring device is used to collect the first evapotranspiration amount at a preset position in the forest ecosystem; The first calculation module is used to calculate the second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem by using the Pengmen formula calculation method based on the meteorological data in the historical time period corresponding to the forest ecosystem obtained from the weather station in advance; A second calculation module, configured to calculate a first coefficient based on the first evapotranspiration at each preset position in the forest ecosystem and the second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem; A data collection device used to obtain current meteorological data corresponding to the forest ecosystem; The third calculation module is used to calculate the third evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem based on the current meteorological data corresponding to the forest ecosystem using the Pengmen formula calculation method; The current corresponding meteorological data includes: maximum temperature, minimum temperature, maximum wind speed, relative humidity, precipitation, sunshine hours, and solar shortwave radiation within the current date; A fourth calculation module, configured to obtain the actual evapotranspiration of the forest ecosystem based on the first coefficient and the third evapotranspiration currently corresponding to the forest ecosystem; The historical time period includes 180 days; The meteorological data corresponding to the historical time period of the forest ecosystem include: the highest temperature, lowest temperature, maximum wind speed, relative humidity, precipitation, sunshine hours, and solar shortwave radiation for each day during the historical period; The second calculation module calculates a first coefficient based on the first evapotranspiration at each location in the forest ecosystem and the second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem, specifically including: Based on the first evapotranspiration at each location in all the forest ecosystems, obtain the corresponding average value of all first evapotranspiration; The first coefficient is calculated using formula (1) based on the average value of all first evapotranspiration and the second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem; The formula (1) is: Among them, f is the first coefficient; E is the second evapotranspiration; E _i is the first evapotranspiration collected by i vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The area of each preset location in the forest ecosystem is 5m×5m; The first evapotranspiration at each preset position in the forest ecosystem is the evapotranspiration of vegetation on the ground surface at the preset position. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices is N; Among them, N is greater than or equal to 5. 4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The preset location in the forest ecosystem where each vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring device is located is the location of any medium forest type in the forest ecosystem. 5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the second calculation module is based on the first evapotranspiration at each location in the forest ecosystem and the second corresponding to the forest ecosystem. Evapotranspiration is calculated to obtain the first coefficient, which specifically includes: The first coefficient is calculated using formula (2) based on the first evapotranspiration at each location in all the forest ecosystems and the second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem; Among them, the formula (2) is: Among them, f is the first coefficient; E is the second evapotranspiration; E _i is the first evapotranspiration collected by i vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices. _ai is the preset weight value corresponding to the first evapotranspiration collected by i vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices. 6. The device according to claim 5, wherein the fourth calculation module obtains the actual evapotranspiration of the ecosystem based on the third evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem and the first coefficient. , specifically including: The fourth calculation module is used to calculate and obtain the actual evapotranspiration of the forest ecosystem based on the third evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem and the first coefficient using formula (3); The formula (3) is: Wherein, the E _A is the third evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem; The E _B is the actual evapotranspiration of the forest ecosystem. 7. A method for detecting evapotranspiration in a forest ecosystem, characterized in that the method is executed by the device for detecting evapotranspiration in a forest ecosystem according to any one of claims 1-6.