CN114750411A - Material Extrusion 3D Printing Method - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses material extrusion formula 3D printing method relates to additive manufacturing technical field, material extrusion formula 3D printing method includes following step: respectively preparing a support material and printing slurry, wherein the printing slurry is inorganic non-metal resin-based slurry or metal powder resin-based slurry, so that the printing slurry is suspended in the support material, and the solid content of the printing slurry is more than or equal to 40%; putting a supporting material into a container, and placing the container filled with the supporting material on a printing platform; extruding, by a 3D printer, a printing paste in a support material in a container based on a preset target design model; and determining a target curing treatment mode according to the light transmittance of the supporting material, and curing the printing paste according to the target curing treatment mode to obtain a target model. The application has solved prior art material and has extruded formula 3D and print the restriction of material and lead to printing the relatively poor technical problem of material performance.

Description

Material Extrusion 3D Printing Method

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and in particular, to a material extrusion 3D printing method.

Background technique

Material extrusion 3D (3-dimension, three-dimensional) printing technology is an additive manufacturing process in which materials are extruded from a nozzle and selectively deposited. Compared with other printing technologies, it has the advantages of low printing cost, suitable for many material systems, and simple operation. Convenient, fast printing and other advantages. For the 3D printing of inorganic non-metallic materials such as ceramics and metal materials, the current method is usually extrusion molding at room temperature. It is required that the material can quickly have a certain strength during extrusion, so as to retain the molding structure and obtain a printed part with a complete structure. Therefore, the printing paste often uses water as the matrix material, and the extrusion molding method also requires the extruded material to have a certain fluidity at room temperature, so the solid content of the printing paste has a certain limit, and the solid content is usually not More than 40%, if the solid content is high, the fluidity of the printing paste is poor, and it is difficult to smoothly extrude from the nozzle, or the extruded printing paste often has cracks or breaks. In order to improve the water-based paste It is often necessary to control the particle size of raw materials. Raw materials with smaller particle sizes can be configured as paste materials with low fluidity for extrusion printing. However, the raw material particles in the paste materials configured in this way are not easily dispersed. Uniform and easy to agglomerate, it will also reduce the performance of the material. Although the printing method using photocuring can cure the extruded printing paste in time to a certain extent to retain the molding structure, it requires the paste to have high fluidity and a certain light transmittance. For opaque materials such as non-metallic materials and metal materials, due to their low transmittance to light and slow curing speed, they can only reduce the solid content of the printing paste. To maintain a good molding structure, the solid content of the printing paste Usually it can only reach more than 30%, which will make the mechanical properties of the material lower.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The main purpose of this application is to provide a material extrusion 3D printing method, which aims to solve the technical problem of poor performance of the printing material caused by the limitation of the printing material in the prior art material extrusion 3D printing.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides a material extrusion 3D printing method, the material extrusion 3D printing method includes the following steps:

A support material and a printing paste are prepared respectively, and the printing paste is an inorganic non-metallic resin-based paste or a metal powder resin-based paste, so that the printing paste is suspended in the supporting material, and the printing paste is The solids content is greater than or equal to 40%;

Loading the support material into a container, and placing the container with the support material on the printing platform;

Through a 3D printer, based on a preset target design model, the printing paste is extruded in the support material in the container;

A target curing treatment method is determined according to the light transmittance of the support material, and a target model is obtained by curing the printing paste according to the target curing treatment method.

Optionally, the support material includes one or more of organic materials, inorganic non-metallic materials and metal materials.

Optionally, the organic material includes one or more of trimethylolpropane triacrylate, polyacrylamide resin, cross-linked polyacrylic acid resin, polyethylene oxide, and polyquaternium;

Alternatively, one or more of vegetable oil, animal oil, mineral oil, silicone oil, grease, solid paraffin or liquid paraffin;

Or, including cyclodextrin-based supramolecular hydrogel, DNA (DeoxyriboNucleic Acid, deoxyribonucleic acid) supramolecular hydrogel, polyurethane urea supramolecular hydrogel, hyaluronic acid-dextran supramolecular hydrogel, tanshinone One or more of II-A polypeptide supramolecular hydrogel, graphene composite supramolecular hydrogel, carbomer, gelatin and sodium alginate.

Optionally, the inorganic non-metallic material includes one or more of cementitious materials, ceramics, glass, abrasive materials, carbon materials, and non-metallic minerals, and the state of the inorganic non-metallic material includes powder state, slurry material state or paste state.

Optionally, the metal material includes one or more of metal powder, metal paste, metal paste, and low melting point liquid metal, wherein the low melting point liquid metal includes tin, gallium, gallium indium alloy, gallium Indium tin alloy, gallium indium tin zinc alloy, bismuth indium alloy, bismuth indium tin alloy or bismuth indium tin zinc alloy.

Optionally, the matrix material in the inorganic non-metallic resin-based slurry or the metal powder resin-based slurry is one or more of photocurable resin and thermally curable resin.

Optionally, the step of extruding the printing paste from the support material in the container through a 3D printer based on a preset target design model includes:

At least one barrel of the 3D printer is filled with at least one printing material, and at least one nozzle of the 3D printer is used for three-axis direct writing printing, five-axis extrusion printing or six-axis extrusion printing. Set the target design model, in the support material in the container, extrude the printing paste.

Optionally, the nozzle includes an I shape or an L shape, and the shape of the spray head of the nozzle includes a circle, an ellipse, a football shape, a V shape, an L shape or a square shape.

Optionally, the curing treatment includes light curing treatment, radiation curing treatment, thermal curing treatment, ion crosslinking curing treatment, enzymatic crosslinking curing treatment, covalent crosslinking curing treatment, freeze drying curing treatment, heat drying curing treatment, One or more combinations of air-drying curing treatments;

The step of performing curing treatment on the printing paste according to the target curing treatment method to obtain the target model includes:

In the process of extruding the printing paste, light curing treatment, radiation curing treatment, thermal curing treatment, ion crosslinking curing treatment, enzymatic crosslinking curing treatment and/or covalent crosslinking curing treatment are simultaneously performed to obtain the target model;

Or, after extruding all the printing pastes corresponding to the preset target design model, light curing treatment, radiation curing treatment, thermal curing treatment, ion crosslinking curing treatment, enzymatic crosslinking curing treatment, covalent crosslinking treatment are performed Solidification treatment, freeze drying solidification treatment, heat drying solidification treatment and/or air drying solidification treatment to obtain the target model.

Optionally, the extrusion movement path of the extrusion printing paste includes a plane slice path or a three-dimensional curved path.

The present application provides a material extrusion 3D printing method. By preparing a support material and a printing paste respectively, the printing paste is an inorganic non-metal resin-based paste or a metal powder resin-based paste, so that the printing The slurry is suspended in the support material, the solid content of the printing slurry is greater than or equal to 40%, the support material is put into a container, and the container with the support material is placed on the printing platform, Through the 3D printer, based on the preset target design model, the printing paste is extruded from the support material in the container, so as to realize the extrusion molding of the printing paste with high solid content in the support material, and then according to the described The light transmittance of the support material determines the target curing treatment method, and according to the target curing treatment method, the printing paste is cured to obtain the target model, and the material extrusion 3D material of the target model with higher mechanical properties is realized. For printing, because the printing paste is extruded and printed under the action of the support material, even if the printing paste has high fluidity or is difficult to cure in time, it can still be well maintained under the action of the support material after extrusion. The expected molding structure, and the printing paste with resin as the matrix material has good fluidity, and the printing paste with a solid content greater than or equal to 40% can also have good fluidity, which effectively improves the solid content of the printing paste. , and then improve the strength of the final prepared target model, prepare a target model with higher mechanical properties, and do not need to use raw material powder with smaller particle size in order to avoid collapse deformation, which can effectively avoid the problem of poor dispersibility of raw material powder, improve The mechanical properties of the final prepared target model are improved, and the technical problem of poor performance of the printing material caused by the limitation of the existing technology material extrusion 3D printing on the printing material is overcome.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the application and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the application.

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. In other words, on the premise of no creative labor, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of an extrusion 3D printing method for materials of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the scene of step S30 in the extrusion 3D printing method of the present application.

Description of reference numbers:

label name label name 1 Barrel 2 printing paste 3 Type I Nozzle 4 Support material

The realization, functional features and advantages of the present application will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments.

Detailed ways

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The embodiment of the present application provides a material extrusion 3D printing method. In an embodiment of the material extrusion 3D printing method of the present application, referring to FIG. 1 , the material extrusion 3D printing method includes:

In step S10, a support material and a printing paste are prepared respectively, and the printing paste is an inorganic non-metal resin-based paste or a metal powder resin-based paste, so that the printing paste is suspended in the support material, and the printing paste is The solid content of the printing paste is greater than or equal to 40%;

In this embodiment, specifically, to prepare printing paste: weigh a certain quality of printing paste raw material, add matrix material to the printing paste raw material, and control certain process conditions (such as suitable temperature, pressure, etc.) , so that the raw material of the printing paste and the base material are mixed uniformly to prepare a printing paste with a certain fluidity, wherein the printing paste is an inorganic non-metal resin-based paste or a metal powder resin-based paste, wherein , the inorganic non-metallic resin-based slurry is a slurry with a certain fluidity prepared with inorganic non-metallic as the main raw material, resin as the matrix material, with or without additives, and the inorganic non-metallic includes glass , ceramics, etc., the inorganic non-metals can also include hydroxyapatite, calcium phosphate, calcium silicate, calcium sulfate, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, boron nitride, graphite fiber, pearl powder, shell powder, animal Bone meal, silicon carbide powder, fiber, etc. The metal powder resin-based slurry is a slurry with a certain fluidity prepared with metal powder as the main raw material, resin as the matrix material, with or without additives. The metals include titanium alloys, tantalum, nickel-titanium powder alloys, cobalt alloys, aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, zirconium alloys, etc. The solid content of the inorganic non-metallic resin-based slurry or the metal powder resin-based slurry is greater than or equal to 40%, it can reach 40%-60%, and then a target model with high mechanical properties can be prepared.

Preparing the supporting material: obtaining the supporting material raw material, and making the supporting material raw material into a supporting material in the state of powder, particle, slurry or paste, wherein the state of the inorganic non-metallic material can be determined according to the composition of the printing paste, Density, etc. and the actual situation are determined to ensure that the supporting material can not only provide sufficient support for the extruded printing paste, but also will not cause the printing paste to be delaminated and deformed due to poor adhesion. For example, In the case of poor adhesion between the printing paste extruded and printed in the liquid support material and the printing paste extruded and printed before, the support material in powder state or granular state can be selected to improve the internal quality of the target model. adhesion and mechanical properties. The metal paste is printed in the support material. For metal materials with high density, ceramic or metal paste or paste with high viscosity and density can be selected as the support to support the printing paste to ensure the integrity of the printing structure. , so that the printing paste can be suspended in the support material after extrusion, and under the support of the support material, the molding structure is maintained without flow and deformation.

It is easy to understand that the step of preparing the support material and the step of preparing the printing paste are independent, and can be performed simultaneously or sequentially, which is not limited in this embodiment, and this embodiment does not limit the preparation of the support material. The steps of the material and the sequence of the steps of preparing the printing paste are also not limited, and the preparation can be performed according to the actual needs according to the usage and remaining amount of the supporting material or the printing paste.

Optionally, the support material includes one or more of organic materials, inorganic non-metallic materials and metal materials.

In this embodiment, specifically, the supporting material may be prepared by using one or more of organic materials, inorganic non-metallic materials and metal materials as the raw material of the supporting material. It should be noted that the organic materials, There can also be multiple inorganic non-metallic materials and metal materials, that is, the supporting material can be a combination of one or more organic materials, one or more inorganic non-metallic materials and/or one or more metal materials , which can be determined according to the composition, density, etc. of the printing paste and the actual situation, so as to ensure that the supporting material can not only provide sufficient support for the extruded printing paste, but also will not cause the printing paste due to adhesion. Poor performance and delamination, deformation and so on.

Optionally, the organic material includes one or more of trimethylolpropane triacrylate, polyacrylamide resin, cross-linked polyacrylic acid resin, polyethylene oxide, and polyquaternium;

Alternatively, one or more of vegetable oil, animal oil, mineral oil, silicone oil, grease, solid paraffin or liquid paraffin;

Alternatively, including cyclodextrin-based supramolecular hydrogels, DNA supramolecular hydrogels, polyurethaneurea supramolecular hydrogels, hyaluronic acid-dextran supramolecular hydrogels, tanshinone II-A polypeptide supramolecular hydrogels One or more of glue, graphene composite supramolecular hydrogel, carbomer, gelatin and sodium alginate.

In this embodiment, specifically, the organic material may be one or more of trimethylolpropane triacrylate, polyacrylamide resin, cross-linked polyacrylic acid resin, polyethylene oxide, and polyquaternary ammonium salt , it can also be one or more of vegetable oil, animal oil, mineral oil, silicone oil, grease, solid paraffin or liquid paraffin, or it can be cyclodextrin-based supramolecular hydrogel, DNA supramolecular hydrogel, polyurethane Urea supramolecular hydrogel, hyaluronic acid-dextran supramolecular hydrogel, tanshinone II-A polypeptide supramolecular hydrogel, graphene composite supramolecular hydrogel, carbomer, gelatin and sodium alginate One or more of the organic materials, the specific ratio, concentration, etc. of the organic materials can be determined according to the composition, density, etc. of the printing paste and the actual situation, so as to ensure that the supporting material can be the extruded printing paste. Provide sufficient support without causing delamination and deformation of the printing paste due to poor adhesion.

Optionally, the inorganic non-metallic material includes one or more of cementitious materials, ceramics, glass, abrasive materials, carbon materials, and non-metallic minerals, and the state of the inorganic non-metallic material includes powder state, slurry material state or paste state.

In this embodiment, specifically, the inorganic non-metallic material may be one or more of cementitious material powder, ceramic powder, glass powder, abrasive material powder, carbon material powder, and non-metallic mineral powder. It is one or more of cementitious material slurry, ceramic slurry, glass slurry, abrasive material slurry, carbon material slurry, non-metallic mineral slurry, and can also be cementitious material paste, ceramic paste One or more of materials, glass paste, abrasive material paste, carbon material paste, and non-metallic mineral paste. The specific ratio and state of the inorganic non-metallic materials can be determined according to the composition of the printing paste , density, etc. and the actual situation are determined to ensure that the support material can not only provide sufficient support for the extruded printing paste, but also will not cause the printing paste to be delaminated or deformed due to poor adhesion.

Optionally, the metal material includes one or more of metal powder, metal paste, metal paste, and low melting point liquid metal, wherein the low melting point liquid metal includes tin, gallium, gallium indium alloy, gallium Indium tin alloy, gallium indium tin zinc alloy, bismuth indium alloy, bismuth indium tin alloy or bismuth indium tin zinc alloy.

In this embodiment, specifically, the metal material may be a combination of one or more of metal powder, metal paste, metal paste, and low-melting liquid metal, wherein the low-melting liquid metal includes tin , gallium, gallium indium alloy, gallium indium tin alloy, gallium indium tin zinc alloy, bismuth indium alloy, bismuth indium tin alloy or bismuth indium tin zinc alloy, the specific type of the metal material can be based on the composition and density of the printing paste, etc. And the actual situation is determined to ensure that the support material can not only provide sufficient support for the extruded printing paste, but also will not cause the printing paste to be delaminated or deformed due to poor adhesion.

Optionally, the matrix material in the inorganic non-metallic resin-based slurry or the metal powder resin-based slurry is one or more of photocurable resin and thermally curable resin.

In this embodiment, specifically, the matrix material in the inorganic non-metallic resin-based paste or the metal powder resin-based paste is one or more of photo-curable resins and thermal-curable resins, wherein the photo-curable resin The curing resin is composed of resin monomer and prepolymer, and contains active functional groups. It can be polymerized by a photosensitizer under ultraviolet light irradiation to form an insoluble coating film. The thermosetting resin is generated by heat between polymer chains. Cross-linked resin that produces an insoluble polymer network, and the matrix material can be determined according to a predetermined target curing treatment method. For example, if the target curing treatment method is photocuring treatment, a photocurable resin is selected as the matrix material. , if the target curing treatment method is a combination of light curing treatment and thermal curing treatment, a mixture of light curing resin and thermal curing resin is selected as the matrix material.

In this embodiment, since the printing paste is supported by the supporting material after extrusion printing, the risk of deformation is greatly reduced. Therefore, the types of printing paste raw materials, solid phase content, The selectivity of rheology increases the selectivity of the type of curing treatment and process conditions. Different curing methods can be selected for different types of printing paste raw materials and solid phase content. It can be formed while printing, or it can be printed. Post-integration molding also increases the selectivity of the moving path of the 3D printer to extrude the printing paste. It does not need to be limited to the method of stacking layer by layer, but can build a three-dimensional curved path. The type and configuration of the printing paste raw materials. The ratio and the type and ratio of the base material can be determined according to the actual needs of the target model, without being limited by the requirements of the 3D printing process or curing process, and then according to the actual determination of the printing paste raw materials The types and proportions of the base materials and the types and proportions of the matrix materials determine the specific types and parameters of the appropriate 3D printing process and curing process.

Step S20, loading the supporting material into a container, and placing the container containing the supporting material on the printing platform;

In this embodiment, specifically, the prepared supporting material is put into a container of suitable size, and the container containing the supporting material is placed on the printing platform corresponding to the 3D printer.

Step S30, through the 3D printer, based on the preset target design model, in the support material in the container, extruding the printing paste;

In this embodiment, specifically, by setting the 3D printer, a preset target design model is set, so that the 3D printer is based on the movement path corresponding to the preset target design model, and the supporting material in the container is , extruding the printing paste, wherein the preset target design model is the 3D printing model corresponding to the target model, so that the 3D printer can plan the moving path based on the target design model, in an implementable manner , the moving path can also be comprehensively planned in combination with the stratification of the target model, the type of material, etc., so as to obtain a target model whose stratified structure accurately matches the preset target design model.

Optionally, the step of extruding the printing paste from the support material in the container through a 3D printer based on a preset target design model includes:

At least one barrel of the 3D printer is filled with at least one printing material, and at least one nozzle of the 3D printer is used for three-axis direct writing printing, five-axis extrusion printing or six-axis extrusion printing. Set the target design model, in the support material in the container, extrude the printing paste.

In this embodiment, specifically, at least one material barrel of the 3D printer is filled with at least one printing material, and a preset target design model is set by setting the 3D printer, so that the 3D printer is based on the preset target design model. The target design model plans the movement paths of the nozzles corresponding to the barrels, and controls the nozzles based on the movement paths to print by three-axis direct writing, five-axis extrusion printing, or six-axis extrusion printing, In the support material in the container, the printing paste is extruded, wherein at least one printing material is filled in at least one barrel of the 3D printer, and the printing paste is extruded through at least one nozzle of the 3D printer , which can be filled with one printing paste or multiple printing pastes in a single barrel and extruded from a single nozzle, or can be filled with one printing paste or multiple printing pastes in a single barrel and squeezed from multiple nozzles It can be a kind of printing paste or a variety of printing pastes are respectively filled in a plurality of barrels, and the plurality of barrels are connected to a nozzle, and then extruded from a single nozzle, or a plurality of barrels can be respectively filled with a printing paste. printing paste or multiple printing pastes, each barrel is connected to multiple same or different nozzles, and then extruded from multiple nozzles, which can be determined according to the actual material composition of the target model, for example, if the The target model described above is spliced from a variety of materials of different printing pastes. Multiple barrels are filled with different types of printing pastes, and the printing is completed through multiple nozzles at the same time, which can not only improve the printing efficiency, but also plan a three-dimensional curve path. Control the way the nozzle moves to prepare a target model without a layered structure. If the target model is a gradient structure, the printing paste and matrix material are respectively filled in the multi-cylinder, and connected to the same nozzle for extrusion, and then through Controlling the flow rates of the printing paste and the base material can extrude the printing paste with gradual concentration, thereby obtaining a smooth and excessive gradient structure, increasing the continuity of the gradient structure of the target model, and improving the quality of the target model.

Optionally, the nozzle includes an I shape or an L shape, and the shape of the spray head of the nozzle includes a circle, an ellipse, a football shape, a V shape, an L shape or a square shape.

In this embodiment, specifically, nozzles of different shapes and nozzles of different nozzle shapes can be selected according to actual needs, the shapes of the nozzles include I-shaped or L-shaped, and the nozzle shapes of the nozzles include For example, for a target design model with a relatively simple shape, it can be completed by direct writing printing, and an I-shaped nozzle can meet the requirements. For a target design model with a more complex shape, it may take five It can only be done by shaft extrusion printing or six-axis extrusion printing. Adjusting the shape of the nozzle to an L shape can make the planning of the moving path of the nozzle more flexible, and better realize the basis of the printing paste. Select the nozzle by adjusting A nozzle with a larger size has lower requirements on the extrusion driving force of the printer, wherein the nozzle is a conduit through which the printing paste is extruded from the barrel, and the shape of the nozzle is the shape of the end of the nozzle , that is, the shape of the print paste from the exit end of the extrusion from the nozzle.

Optionally, the extrusion movement path of the extrusion printing paste includes a plane slice path or a three-dimensional curved path.

In this embodiment, specifically, the extrusion movement path of the extruded printing paste includes a plane slice path or a three-dimensional surface path. Achieve complex shapes and prints without anisotropy (or anisotropy).

In an implementable manner, the extrusion method for extruding the printing paste includes piston extrusion, screw extrusion, pneumatic extrusion, and the like.

In an implementable manner, referring to FIG. 2 , through the 3D printer, based on the preset target design model, the printing paste 2 is extruded from the barrel 1 into the support material 4 through the I-shaped nozzle 3 of the 3D printer .

In step S40, a target curing treatment method is determined according to the light transmittance of the support material, and a target model is obtained by curing the printing paste according to the target curing treatment method.

In this embodiment, it should be noted that there are many optional supporting materials in this embodiment, including light-transmitting supporting materials with better light-transmitting properties, such as carbomer, hydrogel, glass, etc., as well as Non-translucent support materials with poor light transmittance, such as ceramics, non-metallic minerals, metal materials, etc. For light transmittance support materials with good light transmittance, UV light can pass through the support material to print inside the support material The paste is subjected to photo-curing treatment, so the target curing treatment method can be determined as photo-curing treatment, and the printing paste is cured with or without other curing treatment methods. It is difficult for ultraviolet light to pass through the supporting material, and the photocuring treatment effect is poor. Therefore, the target curing treatment method can be determined as one or more curing treatment methods other than the photocuring treatment, and the printing paste is cured. , curing treatment methods include light curing treatment, radiation curing treatment, thermal curing treatment, ion crosslinking curing treatment, enzymatic crosslinking curing treatment, covalent crosslinking curing treatment, freeze drying curing treatment, heat drying curing treatment and/or air drying curing processing etc.

Specifically, a suitable target curing treatment method is selected according to the light transmittance of the supporting material, and the supporting material and/or printing paste in the container are cured according to the determined target curing treatment method, and the curing treatment is performed. Afterwards, the support material is removed to obtain a target model composed of the cured printing paste, wherein the target model obtained after removing the support material can be used directly or after further post-processing such as degreasing and sintering.

In an implementable manner, the target curing treatment method is determined according to the light transmittance of the support material, and the printing paste is cured according to the target curing treatment method, and the step of obtaining the target model includes the following steps: :

If the supporting material is a light-transmitting supporting material, determine that the target curing treatment method is a curing method combining light curing treatment and thermal curing treatment;

In the process of extruding the printing paste, photo-curing is performed on the printing paste synchronously, and after extruding all the printing pastes corresponding to the preset target design model, an initial model is obtained, and the initial model is It is taken out from the support material, and the initial model is subjected to thermal curing treatment to obtain the target model.

In an implementable manner, the target curing treatment method is determined according to the light transmittance of the support material, and the printing paste is cured according to the target curing treatment method, and the step of obtaining the target model includes the following steps: :

If the supporting material is an opaque supporting material, determine that the target curing treatment method is radiation curing treatment, and perform radiation curing treatment on the printing paste to obtain a target model;

Or, if the support material is an opaque support material, determine that the target curing treatment method is radiation curing treatment, and after extruding all the printing paste corresponding to the preset target design model, the printing paste is The material is subjected to radiation curing treatment to obtain the target model.

In an implementable manner, the target curing treatment method is determined according to the light transmittance of the support material, and the printing paste is cured according to the target curing treatment method, and the step of obtaining the target model includes the following steps: :

If the supporting material is an opaque supporting material, determining that the target curing treatment method is a curing method combining radiation curing treatment and thermal curing treatment;

During the process of extruding the printing paste, the printing paste is simultaneously subjected to radiation curing treatment, and after extruding all the printing paste corresponding to the preset target design model, an initial model is obtained, and the initial model is It is taken out from the support material, and the initial model is subjected to thermal curing treatment to obtain the target model.

Optionally, the curing treatment includes light curing treatment, radiation curing treatment, thermal curing treatment, ion crosslinking curing treatment, enzymatic crosslinking curing treatment, covalent crosslinking curing treatment, freeze drying curing treatment, heat drying curing treatment, One or more combinations of air-drying curing treatments;

The step of performing curing treatment on the printing paste according to the target curing treatment method to obtain the target model includes:

In the process of extruding the printing paste, light curing treatment, radiation curing treatment, thermal curing treatment, ion crosslinking curing treatment, enzymatic crosslinking curing treatment and/or covalent crosslinking curing treatment are simultaneously performed to obtain the target model;

Or, after extruding all the printing pastes corresponding to the preset target design model, light curing treatment, radiation curing treatment, thermal curing treatment, ion crosslinking curing treatment, enzymatic crosslinking curing treatment, covalent crosslinking treatment are performed Solidification treatment, freeze drying solidification treatment, heat drying solidification treatment and/or air drying solidification treatment to obtain the target model.

In this embodiment, specifically, the curing treatment includes light curing treatment, radiation curing treatment, thermal curing treatment, ion crosslinking curing treatment, enzymatic crosslinking curing treatment, covalent crosslinking curing treatment, freeze-drying curing treatment, The combination of one or more of heat-drying curing treatment and air-drying curing treatment can be comprehensively determined according to the curing efficiency, the type of the printing paste, the solid phase content of the printing paste, etc. For example, for photo-curing Resin-based ceramic slurry, due to the support function of the support material, does not need to worry about the deformation that may be caused by untimely curing and reduces its solid content, so it can achieve photo-curing treatment of photo-curable resin-based ceramic slurry with high solid content, Furthermore, the direct-writing printing of light-curable resin-based ceramic paste with high solid content can be realized. It can also be further combined with radiation curing treatment. Through radiation curing treatment, it can penetrate and cure the large volume and high solid content that cannot be penetrated by UV lamps. The paste can further solidify the printing paste, consolidate the internal structure of the target model, and improve the quality of the target model.

The method of determining a target curing treatment method according to the light transmittance of the support material, and curing the printing paste according to the target curing treatment mode to obtain a target model may be, extruding the printing paste. During the process, light curing treatment, radiation curing treatment, thermal curing treatment, ion crosslinking curing treatment, enzymatic crosslinking curing treatment and/or covalent crosslinking curing treatment are simultaneously performed to obtain the target model, or it can also be After all the printing pastes corresponding to the preset target design model are obtained, the target model to be cured composed of the uncured printing paste is subjected to light curing treatment, radiation curing treatment, thermal curing treatment, and ion crosslinking curing treatment , enzymatic cross-linking curing treatment, covalent cross-linking curing treatment, freeze-drying curing treatment, heating drying curing treatment and/or air-drying curing treatment to obtain the target model.

In an implementable manner, in the process of extruding the printing paste, after the curing process is performed synchronously, further steps may be performed on the obtained complete curing intermediate model corresponding to the preset target design model. Consolidate the curing process to obtain a target model with a fully cured surface and interior.

In this embodiment, by separately preparing a support material and a printing paste, the printing paste is an inorganic non-metallic resin-based paste or a metal powder resin-based paste, so that the printing paste is suspended in the supporting material In the process, the solid content of the printing paste is greater than or equal to 40%, the supporting material is put into a container, and the container containing the supporting material is placed on the printing platform, through the 3D printer, based on the preset The target design model, in the support material in the container, extrudes the printing paste, realizes the extrusion molding of the high solid content printing paste in the support material, and then determines the target according to the light transmittance of the support material In the curing treatment method, according to the target curing treatment method, the printing paste is cured to obtain a target model, and the material extrusion 3D printing of the target model with higher mechanical properties is realized. It is extruded and printed under the action of the support material. Even if the printing paste has high fluidity or is difficult to cure in time, it can still maintain its expected molding structure under the action of the support material after extrusion, so there is no need for Avoid collapse and deformation to reduce the raw material particle size of the printing paste, and there is no need to reduce the solid content of the printing paste for curing efficiency and curing effect. The printing paste with or equal to 40% can also have good fluidity, which effectively increases the solid content of the printing paste, thereby improving the strength of the final prepared target model, and preparing a target model with higher mechanical properties, and There is no need to use raw material powder with a smaller particle size in order to avoid collapse and deformation, which can effectively avoid the problem of poor dispersion of raw material powder, improve the mechanical properties of the final prepared target model, and overcome the existing technology. The limitations lead to technical issues with poorer performance of the printed material. The combination of different curing methods and suspension printing can realize extrusion printing of inorganic non-metallic materials such as ceramics and opaque materials such as metal materials. Digital Light Processing, digital light processing technology) print faster. Under the action of support, the opaque material can also be printed in layers on the surface to solve the problem of 3D anisotropy and further improve the performance of the material. And due to the supporting effect of the suspension medium on the slurry, curing methods such as thermal curing, radiation curing, and freezing curing can cure large-sized opaque printed parts, overcoming the fact that the existing 3D printing can only use light curing layered printing with low solid content. Disadvantages of opaque materials.

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the description and drawings of the present application, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields , are similarly included within the scope of patent processing of this application.

Claims (10)

1. a material extrusion type 3D printing method, is characterized in that, described material extrusion type 3D printing method comprises the following steps: A support material and a printing paste are prepared respectively, and the printing paste is an inorganic non-metallic resin-based paste or a metal powder resin-based paste, so that the printing paste is suspended in the supporting material, and the printing paste is The solids content is greater than or equal to 40%; Loading the support material into a container, and placing the container with the support material on the printing platform; Through a 3D printer, based on a preset target design model, the printing paste is extruded in the support material in the container; A target curing treatment method is determined according to the light transmittance of the support material, and a target model is obtained by curing the printing paste according to the target curing treatment method. 2. The material extrusion 3D printing method according to claim 1, wherein the support material comprises one or more of organic materials, inorganic non-metallic materials and metal materials. 3. The material extrusion 3D printing method according to claim 2, wherein the organic material comprises trimethylolpropane triacrylate, polyacrylamide resin, cross-linked polyacrylic resin, polyethylene oxide, one or more of polyquaternium; Alternatively, one or more of vegetable oil, animal oil, mineral oil, silicone oil, grease, solid paraffin or liquid paraffin; Alternatively, including cyclodextrin-based supramolecular hydrogels, DNA supramolecular hydrogels, polyurethaneurea supramolecular hydrogels, hyaluronic acid-dextran supramolecular hydrogels, tanshinone II-A polypeptide supramolecular hydrogels One or more of glue, graphene composite supramolecular hydrogel, carbomer, gelatin and sodium alginate. 4. The material extrusion 3D printing method according to claim 2, wherein the inorganic non-metallic material comprises one of cementitious materials, ceramics, glass, abrasive materials, carbon materials, and non-metallic minerals Or more, the state of the inorganic non-metallic material includes a powder state, a slurry state or a paste state. 5. The material extrusion 3D printing method according to claim 2, wherein the metal material comprises one or more of metal powder, metal paste, metal paste, and low melting point liquid metal, wherein , the low melting point liquid metal includes tin, gallium, gallium indium alloy, gallium indium tin alloy, gallium indium tin zinc alloy, bismuth indium alloy, bismuth indium tin alloy or bismuth indium tin zinc alloy. 6 . The material extrusion 3D printing method according to claim 1 , wherein the base material in the inorganic non-metallic resin-based slurry or the metal powder resin-based slurry is light-curable resin and heat-curable resin. 7 . one or more of. 7 . The material extrusion 3D printing method according to claim 1 , wherein the printing paste is extruded from the support material in the container based on a preset target design model through a 3D printer. 8 . The steps include: At least one barrel of the 3D printer is filled with at least one printing material, and at least one nozzle of the 3D printer is used for three-axis direct writing printing, five-axis extrusion printing or six-axis extrusion printing. Set the target design model, in the support material in the container, extrude the printing paste. 8. The material extrusion 3D printing method according to claim 7, wherein the nozzle comprises an I shape or an L shape, and the nozzle shape of the nozzle comprises a circle, an ellipse, a football ball, a V shape, an L shape shape or square. 9 . The material extrusion 3D printing method according to claim 1 , wherein the target curing treatment method comprises light curing treatment, radiation curing treatment, thermal curing treatment, ion crosslinking curing treatment, and enzymatic crosslinking curing treatment. 10 . One or more combinations of treatment, covalent cross-linking curing treatment, freeze-drying curing treatment, heating drying curing treatment, and air-drying curing treatment; The step of performing curing treatment on the printing paste according to the target curing treatment method to obtain the target model includes: In the process of extruding the printing paste, light curing treatment, radiation curing treatment, thermal curing treatment, ion crosslinking curing treatment, enzymatic crosslinking curing treatment and/or covalent crosslinking curing treatment are simultaneously performed to obtain the target model; Or, after extruding all the printing pastes corresponding to the preset target design model, light curing treatment, radiation curing treatment, thermal curing treatment, ion crosslinking curing treatment, enzymatic crosslinking curing treatment, covalent crosslinking treatment are performed Solidification treatment, freeze drying solidification treatment, heat drying solidification treatment and/or air drying solidification treatment to obtain the target model. 10 . The material extrusion 3D printing method according to claim 1 , wherein the extrusion movement path of the extruded printing paste comprises a plane slice path or a three-dimensional curved surface path. 11 .

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