CN114854497B - Device and method for removing free fatty acids from waste vegetable oil - Google Patents
Device and method for removing free fatty acids from waste vegetable oil Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114854497B CN114854497B CN202210590132.9A CN202210590132A CN114854497B CN 114854497 B CN114854497 B CN 114854497B CN 202210590132 A CN202210590132 A CN 202210590132A CN 114854497 B CN114854497 B CN 114854497B
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- reaction layer
- vegetable oil
- waste vegetable
- steam
- inlet pipe
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- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 235000021588 free fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 161
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000008149 soap solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 7
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 liquid soap Chemical compound 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010669 acid-base reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019871 vegetable fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
- C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/09—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydrolysis
- C07C29/095—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydrolysis of esters of organic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B13/00—Recovery of fats, fatty oils or fatty acids from waste materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/74—Recovery of fats, fatty oils, fatty acids or other fatty substances, e.g. lanolin or waxes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for removing free fatty acid from waste vegetable oil, which belong to the technical field of equipment and a method for removing free fatty acid from waste vegetable oil, and are characterized in that the tank comprises a reaction layer and a separation layer, the left part of the reaction layer is provided with a waste vegetable oil inlet pipe, the right part of the reaction layer is provided with an alkali liquor inlet pipe, the upper part of the reaction layer is provided with a steam inlet pipe, the reaction layer is internally provided with a stirring device, the stirring device comprises a shell, a connecting rod, a fixing rod and a stirring paddle, a rotating shaft is arranged in the shell, be equipped with a set of moving blade in the pivot, be equipped with a set of mount between reaction layer inner wall and the casing, be equipped with steam calandria between the mount of casing left portion, steam calandria right-hand member is located between the mount and is link up the casing left portion, the reaction layer right side is equipped with the circuit box, be equipped with from the top down in the circuit connection case and be equipped with steam calandria in proper order, the abandoned vegetable oil advances the pipe, alkali lye advances the pipe, soap lye calandria and glycerol calandria, be equipped with solenoid valve one on the steam calandria, circuit connection bottom of the case portion is equipped with and controls the case, the circuit line is connected with controlling the case, be equipped with the control panel on the control case.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of free fatty acid removal of waste vegetable oil, in particular to a device and a method for removing free fatty acid from waste vegetable oil.
Background
Vegetable oils are compounds composed of fatty acids and glycerol, and are widely distributed in nature. All the fats extracted from the seeds, pulp and other parts of plants are called vegetable fat. Vegetable oil is widely applied to daily eating of people.
The main sources of the waste vegetable oil are vegetable oil which is produced by catering, food processing units and families and is not allowed to be eaten, and the waste vegetable oil mainly comprises swill oil, frying waste oil, swill oil, cooking fume condensate oil and the like. The higher the temperature the more free fatty acids are produced from the vegetable oil water, forming rancidity. The main chemical components of the vegetable oil are triglyceride, which is hydrolyzed into glycerin (about 10%) and free fatty acid (90%), the vegetable oil is heated to 180-200 ℃ during frying, and the high temperature condition is the main condition for the triglyceride to undergo hydrolysis reaction.
The waste vegetable oil mainly comprises triglyceride, free fatty acid and glycerin, the waste vegetable oil can not be practically used any more after frying, rancidity can be generated after the waste vegetable oil is placed outside for a long time, pungent odor is generated, the environment is seriously polluted, a small amount of the existing waste vegetable oil can be directly buried, a large-scale oil plant for treating the waste vegetable oil can be collected and then intensively treated, the main treatment purpose is to react the free fatty acid in the waste vegetable oil with liquid alkali to generate fatty acid sodium, namely liquid soap, the liquid soap is a main raw material for manufacturing soap, meanwhile, the liquid soap and the glycerin are separated, and the glycerin can be used for manufacturing skin care products.
In the prior art, when deacidification treatment of waste vegetable oil is carried out, the used treatment steps are more complicated, the needed reaction device is more than ten sets, and only free fatty acid in the waste vegetable oil can be removed, triglyceride in the waste vegetable oil is thrown and mixed in glycerol and partial fatty acid sodium, so that the purity of liquid soap and glycerol is not high, in addition, the free fatty acid and liquid alkali are required to be stirred by a stirring device in order to accelerate and fully react when acid-base reaction occurs, the stirring device is mostly driven by a motor, the electric quantity of the electric quantity is required to be consumed by the motor for driving the stirring rod because the storage capacity of oil in a reaction tank of an oil plant is tens to hundreds of tons, and in addition, the electric quantity of the motor is increased in the reaction tank, the resistance of the stirring rod is increased, the rotation speed of the stirring rod is reduced, the rotation speed of the motor is increased, the rotation speed is increased gradually, the function of the stirring rod is realized along with the increase of the speed of the mixture, the stirring reaction speed is not improved, the stirring reaction speed is required to be increased, and the additional steps of separating glycerol and water are required to be separated after the fatty acid and glycerol are separated, and the additional steps are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art, the invention provides a device and a method for removing free fatty acid from waste vegetable oil, which adopts the following technical scheme:
The device for removing free fatty acid from waste vegetable oil comprises a tank body, a heater and a control cabinet, and is characterized in that: the tank body comprises a reaction layer and a separation layer, the reaction layer and the separation layer are fixedly connected, the left part of the reaction layer is provided with a waste vegetable oil inlet pipe, waste vegetable oil enters the reaction layer through the waste vegetable oil inlet pipe under the high pressure condition, the right part of the reaction layer is provided with an alkali liquid inlet pipe, alkali liquid enters the reaction layer through the alkali liquid inlet pipe under the high pressure condition, the upper part of the reaction layer is provided with a steam inlet pipe, steam generated by heating reaction in the reaction layer enters a steam calandria through the steam inlet pipe, the reaction layer is internally provided with a stirring device, the stirring device comprises a shell, a connecting rod, a fixing rod and a stirring paddle, the inner wall of the shell is provided with a heat insulation layer, the high temperature in the reaction layer is isolated, the temperature in the shell and the temperature in the reaction layer are not interfered with each other, the shell is internally provided with a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is of a hollow structure, a group of moving blades are arranged on the rotating shaft, steam heat energy in a steam exhaust pipe is converted into kinetic energy for rotating the moving blades, the moving blades drive the rotating shaft to rotate, a first bearing is arranged in the end part of the shell, the rotating shaft rotates in the first bearing, the rotating shaft plays a limiting role on the bearing at the same time, a steam inlet hole is formed in the part of the rotating shaft between the first bearing and the moving blades, steam which does work in the shell enters the rotating shaft through the air inlet hole, rotating joints are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the shell, the rotating shaft penetrates through the inside of the rotating joints and is fixedly connected with the rotating joints, therefore, when the rotating shaft rotates, the rotating joints rotate along with the rotating shaft, bearings II are arranged on the inner walls of the upper part and the lower part of the reaction layer, the bearings II are movably connected with the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft rotates in a bearing II, a connecting rod is arranged on the rotating joint, the rotating joint rotates to drive the connecting rod to rotate, the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the fixing rod, the connecting rod rotates to drive the fixing rod to rotate, a group of stirring paddles are arranged on the fixing rod, the fixing rod rotates to drive the stirring paddles to rotate, a bearing III is arranged on the shell, the bearing III comprises an outer ring and an inner ring, the inner ring is arranged in the outer ring and fixedly connected with the outer surface of the shell, the outer ring is fixedly connected with one end of the fixing rod, the fixing rod rotates to drive the outer ring to rotate, a group of fixing frames are arranged between the inner wall of the reaction layer and the shell, the fixing frames fix the shell, a steam calandria is arranged in the shell, the right end of the steam calandria is arranged between the fixing frames and penetrates through the left part of the shell, the left end of the steam calandria reaction layer is communicated with a steam inlet pipe, the heater comprises an electric heating pipe and a circuit box, the electric heating pipe is connected with the circuit in the circuit box, an electric heating pipe is arranged between the fixing frames of the right part of the shell, an electric heating pipe is fixedly connected with one end of the electric heating pipe, a soap lye is arranged at the bottom of a reaction layer, a soap lye is left through a channel is arranged at the bottom of a reaction layer, and a soap lye is discharged from the reaction layer through the bottom of a control circuit of a reaction layer;
The reaction layer bottom be equipped with the separating layer, separating layer left part be equipped with the steam calandria, the vapor that does not contain glycerol is discharged through the steam calandria, the separating layer in be equipped with the interface, the interface be the bucket-shaped, interface and bearing two intercommunication, glycerol and vapor enter into the interface from the pivot in through bearing two inside, enter into the vapour separation cover from the interface again, interface bottom be equipped with the vapour separation cover, vapour separation cover bottom surface on be equipped with the vapour separation hole, glycerol and vapor in the vapour separation cover are empty through the vapour separation, get into the separating layer, vapour separation cover and vapour separation hole make steam fall even, prevent directly to dash into separating layer inside under the effect of pressure for vapor can carry partial glycerol to discharge from the steam calandria, separating layer right bottom be equipped with the glycerol calandria, the glycerol of separating layer separates out is discharged through the glycerol calandria;
The control cabinet comprises a circuit connection box and a control box, wherein a water vapor calandria, a waste vegetable oil inlet pipe, an alkali liquid inlet pipe, a soap lye calandria and a glycerin calandria are sequentially arranged in the circuit connection box from top to bottom, a first electromagnetic valve is arranged on the water vapor calandria, a second electromagnetic valve is arranged on the waste vegetable oil inlet pipe, a second electromagnetic valve is used for controlling the waste vegetable oil to be opened and closed although the third electromagnetic valve is arranged on the alkali liquid inlet pipe, the third electromagnetic valve is used for controlling the opening and closing of the alkali liquid inlet pipe, a fourth electromagnetic valve is arranged on the soap lye calandria, a fifth electromagnetic valve is arranged on the glycerin calandria, the fifth electromagnetic valve is used for controlling the opening or closing of the glycerin calandria, a circuit in the circuit connection box is connected with the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve and the fifth electromagnetic valve, the control box is arranged at the bottom of the circuit connection box, the circuit line is connected with the control box, the opening and the closing of the control heater are controlled, and the control box is provided with a circuit system for controlling the control pipe.
Preferably, the circuit connecting box is provided with a box door to protect the circuit of the circuit connecting box.
A method for removing free fatty acids from waste vegetable oil by using the device for removing free fatty acids from waste vegetable oil according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
S1, opening a second electromagnetic valve through a control box to enable waste vegetable oil to enter a reaction layer through a waste vegetable oil inlet pipe under the action of high pressure, opening a third electromagnetic valve to enable alkali liquor to enter the reaction layer through the alkali liquor inlet pipe under the action of high pressure, starting a heater through the control box, adjusting the heating temperature of the heater to be within the range of 290-359.4 ℃, setting the heating time to be 8 hours, and when the heating time reaches 8 hours, closing the second electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve when the mixed liquor in the reaction layer reaches two thirds of the volume of the reaction layer, and stopping conveying the waste vegetable oil and the alkali liquor into the reaction layer.
The waste vegetable oil consists of triglycerides, free fatty acids and glycerol.
In the process of heating the mixture in the reaction layer to 290-359.4 ℃, the triglyceride in the section reaching 180-200 ℃ is hydrolyzed into free fatty acid and glycerin, the free fatty acid and the glycerin are mixed with the original free fatty acid and glycerin in the waste vegetable oil, so that the generated steam is more and more increased, meanwhile, the greater the heating temperature of the heater is, the greater the steam pressure is, the faster the molecular movement is, the faster the steam speed is, the more the rotor rotates, the more the stirring rod rotates, the more the rotating speed of the mixed liquid in the reaction layer is, the more the stirring rod rotates, the rotating shaft is driven to rotate, the stirring paddle also rotates, the free fatty acid and alkali liquor are fully stirred, the free fatty acid and alkali liquor are fully reacted, the free fatty acid and alkali liquor react to generate sodium fatty acid and water, and the more and more steam is generated with the continuous increase of the waste vegetable oil and alkali liquor in the reaction layer, and the more and more intense the steam is generated.
When the temperature in the reaction layer reaches the set range of 290-359.4 synchronously, the boiling point of glycerin is 290 ℃ and the boiling point of fatty acid sodium is 359.4 ℃, so that glycerin is evaporated into vapor state, the vapor is mixed with water vapor, enters a vapor discharge pipe through a vapor inlet pipe and then enters a shell, the vapor energy is further enhanced, the rotating speed is further and continuously increased, and the vapor state glycerin and the water vapor are continuously discharged from the reaction layer, so that only fatty acid sodium, namely soap liquid, is left in the final reaction layer, and along with the continuous discharge of the vapor in the reaction layer, the vapor in the final shell can disappear, and the moving blades and the rotor are not rotated any more.
S2, after the step S1, just completing the separation of the soap solution and the glycerol after 4 hours, opening the electromagnetic valve IV, discharging the soap solution from the soap solution discharge pipe, and pumping the soap solution into the soap solution storage tank by the corresponding liquid pump for storage.
S3, opening the first electromagnetic valve at the same time of the step S1, discharging the water vapor without glycerol through the water vapor discharge pipe, and pumping the water vapor without glycerol into the condensation pipe by the corresponding steam pump for storage.
S4, opening the electromagnetic valve five at the same time of the step S1, discharging the glycerol through the glycerol discharge tube, and pumping the glycerol into the glycerol storage tank for storage by the corresponding liquid pump.
The invention has the following advantages:
The method has the advantages that the process of heating the mixture in the reaction layer to 290-359.4 ℃ through the heater is realized, the hydrolysis reaction of the triglyceride in the waste vegetable oil is realized in the process that the heating section reaches 180-200 ℃, the produced free fatty acid and the glycerol are mixed with the original free fatty acid and the glycerol in the waste vegetable oil, the problem that the mixed triglyceride in the waste vegetable oil cannot be removed is solved, and the distillation separation of the soap solution and the glycerol generated by the neutralization reaction of the free fatty acid and the alkali solution which are synchronously performed when the temperature reaches 290-359.4 ℃ is realized.
When triglyceride hydrolysis reaction and free fatty acid and alkali liquor neutralization reaction are realized, part of water in the alkali liquor is evaporated at high temperature to form water vapor to provide kinetic energy for the moving blades, so that the rotating shaft rotates to drive the stirring paddles to provide stirring for the neutralization reaction of the free fatty acid and the alkali liquor, the reaction is full, and the phenomenon that a large amount of electric energy is consumed by the motor to drive the stirring rod to rotate and stir is avoided.
Under the condition that the stirring resistance is continuously increased along with the continuous entering of the waste vegetable oil and the alkali liquor in the reaction layer, when the temperature reaches 290-359.4 ℃, the glycerin is evaporated to become a vapor state, and the vapor is mixed with the vapor to provide more and more vapor energy for the vapor, so that the higher the vapor pressure is, the more intense the molecular movement is, the faster the vapor speed is, the faster the rotor rotates, the effect that the rotating speed of a stirring rod is higher when the mixed liquid in the reaction layer is higher is achieved, and the situation that the rotating speed is slower when the resistance is higher when the mixed liquid in the reaction layer is higher is avoided.
After the steam in the shell is finished, the heat energy loss of the steam in the shell is 30% -35%, so that the temperature of the glycerol and the steam discharged into the separation layer from the shell is 233-251 ℃, the boiling point of the glycerol is 290 ℃, and the boiling point of the water is 100 ℃, so that the glycerol becomes liquid in the separation layer, the water is still steam, the steam is discharged through the steam exhaust pipe, and the separation of the steam and the glycerol is realized in the separation layer after the steam in the shell for providing power for the stirring paddle is finished.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an external view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the can of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a stirring device according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of the invention at b of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is an external view of the stirring device of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a top view of the stirring device of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a bottom view of the steam shield of the present invention;
Fig. 10 is a structural view of a heater of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 10 at c in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a top view of the mount of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a structural diagram of a control cabinet of the present invention.
The drawing comprises a tank body 1, a heater 2, a control cabinet 3, a reaction layer 4, a separation layer 5, a waste vegetable oil inlet pipe 6, an alkali liquor inlet pipe 7, a steam inlet pipe 8, a shell 9, a connecting rod 10, a fixed rod 11, a stirring paddle 12, a rotating shaft 13, a rotor blade 14, a bearing I, a steam inlet hole 16, a rotary joint 17, a bearing II, a bearing III 19, a bearing II, a bearing III 20, an outer ring 21, an inner ring 22, a fixing frame 23, a steam discharge pipe 24, an electric heating pipe 25, a circuit box 26, a circuit line 27, a soap liquid discharge pipe 28, a steam discharge pipe 29, an interface 30, a steam separation cover 31, a steam separation hole 32, a glycerol discharge pipe 33, a circuit connection box 34, a control box 35, a solenoid I36 solenoid II, a solenoid III 37, a solenoid IV and a 40 control panel 41 box door 42 and a heat insulation layer.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-13:
The device for removing free fatty acid from waste vegetable oil comprises a tank body 1, a heater 2 and a control cabinet 3, and is characterized in that: the tank body 1 comprises a reaction layer 4 and a separation layer 5, the left part of the reaction layer 4 is provided with a waste vegetable oil inlet pipe 6, the right part of the reaction layer 4 is provided with an alkali liquid inlet pipe 7, the upper part of the reaction layer 4 is provided with a steam inlet pipe 8, the reaction layer 4 is internally provided with a stirring device, the stirring device comprises a shell 9, a connecting rod 10, a fixed rod 11 and a stirring paddle 12, the inner wall of the shell 9 is provided with a heat insulation layer 42, the shell 9 is internally provided with a rotating shaft 13, the rotating shaft 13 is of a hollow structure, the rotating shaft 13 is provided with a group of moving blades 14, the end part of the shell 9 is internally provided with a bearing I15, the rotating shaft 13 is provided with a steam inlet hole 16 at the part between the bearing I15 and the moving blades 14, the upper side and the lower side of the shell 9 are provided with rotating joints 17, the rotating shaft 13 penetrates through the rotating joint 17 and is fixedly connected with the rotating joint 17, the inner walls of the upper part and the lower part of the reaction layer 4 are respectively provided with a bearing II 18, the bearings II 18 are movably connected with the rotating shaft 13, the rotating joint 17 is provided with a connecting rod 10, the connecting rod 10 is fixedly connected with a fixed rod 11, the fixed rod 11 is provided with a group of stirring paddles 12, the shell 9 is provided with a bearing III 19, the bearing III 19 comprises an outer ring 20 and an inner ring 21, the inner ring 21 is arranged in the outer ring 20 and fixedly connected with the outer surface of the shell 9, the outer ring 20 is fixedly connected with one end of the fixed rod 11, a group of fixing frames 22 are arranged between the inner wall of the reaction layer 4 and the shell 9, the shell 9 is internally provided with a steam exhaust pipe 23, the right end of the steam exhaust pipe 23 is arranged between the fixing frames 22 and penetrates through the left part of the shell 9, the left end of the steam exhaust pipe 23 penetrates through the left part of the reaction layer 4 and is communicated with the steam inlet pipe 8, the heater 2 comprises an electric heating pipe 24 and a circuit box 25, the electric heating pipe 24 is connected with the circuit box 25, the electric heating pipe 24 is arranged between the fixing frames 22 on the right part of the shell 9, the circuit box 25 is arranged on the right side of the reaction layer 4, a circuit line 26 is arranged at the bottom of the circuit box 25, and a soap liquid exhaust pipe 27 is arranged at the bottom end of the right part of the reaction layer 4;
The bottom of the reaction layer 4 is provided with a separation layer 5, the left part of the separation layer 5 is provided with a vapor discharge pipe 28, an interface 29 is arranged in the separation layer 5, the interface 29 is in a bucket shape, the interface 29 is communicated with a second bearing 18, the bottom of the interface 29 is provided with a vapor separation cover 30, the bottom surface of the vapor separation cover 30 is provided with a vapor separation hole 31, and the bottom of the right part of the separation layer 5 is provided with a glycerin discharge pipe 32;
The control cabinet 3 include circuit connection box 33 and control box 34, circuit connection box 33 in be equipped with steam calandria 28, waste vegetable oil in proper order from the top down advance pipe 6, alkali lye advance pipe 7, soap lye calandria 27 and glycerin calandria 32, steam calandria 28 on be equipped with solenoid valve one 35, waste vegetable oil advance and be equipped with solenoid valve two 36 on pipe 6, alkali lye advance and be equipped with solenoid valve three 37 on pipe 7, soap lye calandria 27 on be equipped with solenoid valve four 38, glycerin calandria 32 on be equipped with solenoid valve five 39, circuit connection box 33 bottom be equipped with control box 34, circuit line 26 be connected with control box 34, control box 34 on be equipped with control plate surface 40, circuit connection box 33 on be equipped with chamber door 41.
The method for removing free fatty acid from waste vegetable oil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, opening a second electromagnetic valve 26 through a control box, enabling waste vegetable oil to enter a reaction layer through a waste vegetable oil inlet pipe 6 under the action of high pressure, opening a third electromagnetic valve 37, enabling alkali liquor to enter the reaction layer 4 through an alkali liquor inlet pipe 7 under the action of high pressure, starting a heater 2 through the control box 34, adjusting the heating temperature of the heater 2 to be in the range of 290-359.4 ℃, setting the heating time to be 8 hours, and when the heating time reaches 8 hours, closing the second electromagnetic valve 36 and the third electromagnetic valve 37 at the same time and stopping conveying the waste vegetable oil and the alkali liquor into the reaction layer 4 when the mixed liquor in the reaction layer 4 just reaches two thirds of the volume of the reaction layer.
S2, after the step S1, the separation of the soap solution and the glycerol is just completed after 4 hours, the electromagnetic valve IV 38 is opened, and the soap solution discharge pipe 27 discharges the soap solution.
S3, opening the first electromagnetic valve 35 at the same time of the step S1, and discharging the water vapor without glycerol through the water vapor drain pipe 28.
S4, opening the electromagnetic valve five 39 at the same time of the step S1, and discharging the glycerol through the glycerol drain 32.
The invention has simple operation and convenient use, and is suitable for comprehensive popularization and application. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. The device for removing free fatty acid from waste vegetable oil comprises a tank body (1), a heater (2) and a control cabinet (3), and is characterized in that the tank body (1) comprises a reaction layer (4) and a separation layer (5), a waste vegetable oil inlet pipe (6) is arranged at the left part of the reaction layer (4), waste vegetable oil entering the reaction layer (4) reaches 180-200 ℃ for hydrolyzing triglyceride into free fatty acid and glycerol, an alkali liquor inlet pipe (7) is arranged at the right part of the reaction layer (4), a steam inlet pipe (8) is arranged at the upper part of the reaction layer (4), a stirring device is arranged in the reaction layer (4), the stirring device comprises a shell (9), a connecting rod (10), a fixing rod (11) and a stirring paddle (12), a heat insulation layer (42) is arranged on the inner wall of the shell (9), a rotating shaft (13) is of a hollow structure, a group of moving blades (14) are arranged on the rotating shaft (13), a steam inlet pipe (8) is arranged at the upper part of the end part of the shell (9), a rotating blade (15) is arranged between the rotating shaft (15) and a rotating blade (16) on the two sides of the rotating shaft (15), the rotary joint (17) inside and with rotary joint (17) fixed connection, reaction layer (4) upper portion and lower part's inner wall on all be equipped with two bearings (18), two bearings (18) and rotary joint (13) swing joint, rotary joint (17) on be equipped with connecting rod (10), connecting rod (10) and dead lever (11) fixed connection, dead lever (11) on be equipped with a set of stirring rake (12), casing (9) on be equipped with three bearings (19), three bearings (19) including outer lane (20) and inner lane (21), outer lane (20) in be equipped with inner lane (21), inner lane (21) and casing (9) surface fixed connection, outer lane (20) and one end fixed connection of dead lever (11), reaction layer (4) inner wall and casing (9) between be equipped with a set of mount (22), casing (9) in be equipped with steam (23), steam (23) link up between casing (9) and left side calandria (8) and a left side calandria steam portion (23) link up and link up, the steam portion (8) is located in the left side calandria casing (9), the heater (2) comprises an electric heating pipe (24) and a circuit box (25), the electric heating pipe (24) is connected with the circuit box (25), the electric heating pipe (24) is arranged between fixing frames (22) on the right part of the shell (9), the circuit box (25) is arranged on the right side of the reaction layer (4), a circuit line (26) is arranged at the bottom of the circuit box (25), and a soap liquid drain pipe (27) is arranged at the bottom of the right part of the reaction layer (4);
The bottom of the reaction layer (4) is provided with a separation layer (5), the left part of the separation layer (5) is provided with a water vapor discharge pipe (28), an interface (29) is arranged in the separation layer (5), the interface (29) is in a bucket shape, the interface (29) is communicated with a second bearing (18), the bottom of the interface (29) is provided with a gas separation cover (30), the bottom surface of the gas separation cover (30) is provided with a gas separation hole (31), and the bottom of the right part of the separation layer (5) is provided with a glycerin discharge pipe (32);
The control cabinet (3) comprises a circuit connection box (33) and a control box (34), wherein a water vapor discharge pipe (28), a waste vegetable oil inlet pipe (6), an alkali liquid inlet pipe (7), a soap liquid discharge pipe (27) and a glycerin discharge pipe (32) are sequentially arranged in the circuit connection box (33) from top to bottom, a solenoid valve I (35) is arranged on the water vapor discharge pipe (28), a solenoid valve II (36) is arranged on the waste vegetable oil inlet pipe (6), a solenoid valve III (37) is arranged on the alkali liquid inlet pipe (7), a solenoid valve IV (38) is arranged on the soap liquid discharge pipe (27), a solenoid valve V (39) is arranged on the glycerin discharge pipe (32), a control box (34) is arranged at the bottom of the circuit connection box (33), a circuit line (26) is connected with the control box (34), and a control layout (40) is arranged on the control box (34).
The temperature of the glycerin and the water vapor discharged into the separation layer (5) in the shell (9) is 233-251 ℃, the boiling point of the glycerin is 290 ℃, the heater (2) is started through the control box (34), and the heating temperature of the heater (2) is regulated to be in the range of 290-359.4 ℃.
2. The device for removing free fatty acid from waste vegetable oil according to claim 1, wherein a box door (41) is provided on the circuit connection box (33).
3. A method for removing free fatty acids from waste vegetable oil by using the device for removing free fatty acids from waste vegetable oil according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
S1, opening a second electromagnetic valve (26) through a control box to enable waste vegetable oil to enter a reaction layer through a waste vegetable oil inlet pipe (6) under the action of high pressure, opening a third electromagnetic valve (37) to enable alkali liquor to enter the reaction layer (4) through an alkali liquor inlet pipe (7) under the action of high pressure, hydrolyzing triglyceride to form free fatty acid and glycerol when reaching 180-200 ℃, starting a heater (2) through the control box (34) and adjusting the heating temperature of the heater (2) to be in the range of 290-359.4 ℃, setting the heating time to be 8 hours, and closing the second electromagnetic valve (36) and the third electromagnetic valve (37) when the mixed liquor in the reaction layer (4) reaches two thirds of the volume of the reaction layer, and stopping conveying the waste vegetable oil and the alkali liquor into the reaction layer (4);
S2, after the step S1, just completing the separation of the soap solution and the glycerol after 4 hours, opening a solenoid valve IV (38) and discharging the soap solution from a soap solution discharge pipe (27);
S3, opening the first electromagnetic valve (35) in the step S1, and discharging the water vapor without glycerol through the water vapor discharge pipe (28);
s4, opening the electromagnetic valve five (39) at the same time of the step S1, and discharging the glycerol through the glycerol drain tube (32).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210590132.9A CN114854497B (en) | 2022-05-26 | 2022-05-26 | Device and method for removing free fatty acids from waste vegetable oil |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210590132.9A CN114854497B (en) | 2022-05-26 | 2022-05-26 | Device and method for removing free fatty acids from waste vegetable oil |
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| CN114854497B true CN114854497B (en) | 2025-02-14 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB504117A (en) * | 1935-06-21 | 1939-04-17 | Lorenz Patents Corp | Improvements in process of producing an anhydrous soap and glycerine |
| CN206404653U (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-08-15 | 昆明理工大学 | A self-stirring device for heating steam |
| CN212076984U (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-12-04 | 云南香海工贸有限公司 | Edible vegetable oil alkali refining equipment |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN204058300U (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2014-12-31 | 丰益油脂化学(东莞）有限公司 | A kind of high-temperature reflux hydrolysate oil is separated the device preparing glycerine |
| CN212246948U (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-12-29 | 江西冠牛生物科技有限公司 | Drainage oil fatty acid separation device |
-
2022
- 2022-05-26 CN CN202210590132.9A patent/CN114854497B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB504117A (en) * | 1935-06-21 | 1939-04-17 | Lorenz Patents Corp | Improvements in process of producing an anhydrous soap and glycerine |
| CN206404653U (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-08-15 | 昆明理工大学 | A self-stirring device for heating steam |
| CN212076984U (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-12-04 | 云南香海工贸有限公司 | Edible vegetable oil alkali refining equipment |
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| CN114854497A (en) | 2022-08-05 |
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