CN114858073B - Deformation detection system and deformation detection method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a deformation detection system and a deformation detection method, which relate to the technical field of optics, and the deformation detection system comprises: the device comprises a transmitting device and a receiving device, wherein the transmitting device is arranged at a monitoring point of an object to be detected, the receiving device is arranged at a receiving point of the object to be detected, and the transmitting device comprises a laser and a spatial light modulator; the spatial light modulator is used for converting laser emitted by the laser to a receiving device into vortex light beams; the receiving device is used for converting the vortex light beams into spiral spectrums and judging whether the object to be detected deforms or not based on the spiral spectrums. According to the invention, the laser is converted into the vortex light beam, and whether the object to be detected is deformed or not is judged according to the spiral spectrum of the vortex light beam, so that whether the object to be detected is deformed or not can be accurately judged, the deformation detection precision of the object to be detected is improved, an interference light path is not required to be built, and the complexity of deformation detection is reduced.

Description

Deformation detection system and deformation detection method

technical field

The invention relates to the field of optical technology, in particular to a deformation detection system and a deformation detection method.

Background technique

The pure and spectrally stable light emitted by the laser can be used in many ways. During use, the axis of the laser beam emitted by the laser must be aligned with the central aperture of the receiving position. When there is an offset between the axis of the laser beam and the central aperture of the receiving position, the laser beam received by the receiving device will change. , therefore, the laser can be applied to deformation detection of buildings such as houses or bridges. At present, the deformation detection technology of buildings based on lasers is mainly measured by analyzing the phase change of the beam. It is necessary to build an interference light path diagram, which has the problems of complex detection methods and low detection accuracy.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a deformation detection system and a deformation detection method, which can improve the deformation detection accuracy of the object to be detected, and reduce the complexity of deformation detection without building an interference optical path.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a deformation detection system, including: a transmitting device and a receiving device, the transmitting device is set at the monitoring point of the object to be detected, and the receiving device is set at the object to be detected At the receiving point, the transmitting device includes a laser and a spatial light modulator; the spatial light modulator is used to convert the laser light emitted by the laser to the receiving device into a vortex beam; the receiving device is used to convert the The vortex beam is converted into a helical spectrum, and based on the helical spectrum it is judged whether the object to be detected is deformed.

Further, the receiving device includes: a correlation image sensor and a deformation detection device; wherein, the spatial light modulator is located between the laser and the correlation image sensor, and the output terminal of the correlation image sensor is connected to the deformation detection device. The device is connected; the correlation image sensor is used to convert the vortex beam from an optical signal to an electrical signal and output it to the deformation detection device; the deformation detection device is used to construct the spiral spectrum based on the electrical signal, and determining the offset distance between the optical axis of the vortex beam and the central axis of the receiving device based on the helical spectrum, and judging whether the object to be detected is deformed according to the offset distance.

Further, the deformation detection system also includes a beam splitter and a phase shifter; the beam splitter is arranged between the laser and the spatial light modulator; the beam splitter is used to transmit the laser light emitted by the laser divided into two parts, and transmitted to the spatial light modulator and the phase shifter respectively.

Further, the phase shifter is also connected to the correlation image sensor; the phase shifter is used to generate a plurality of laser beams with different phases from the passing laser light as a reference signal of heterodyne interference.

In the second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a deformation detection method, which is applied to the deformation detection system described in any one of the first aspect, and the method includes: emitting the laser to the deformation detection system based on the spatial light modulator The laser of the receiving device is converted into a vortex beam; based on the receiving device, the vortex beam is converted into a helical spectrum; based on the helical spectrum, it is judged whether the object to be detected is deformed.

Further, the step of converting the vortex beam into a helical spectrum based on the receiving device includes: converting the vortex beam from an optical signal into an electrical signal based on a relevant image sensor in the receiving device and outputting the signal to a deformation detection device in the receiving device, so that the deformation detection device constructs the helical spectrum based on the electrical signal.

Further, the vortex beam is converted from an optical signal to an electrical signal based on the relevant image sensor in the receiving device and output to the deformation detection device in the receiving device, so that the deformation detection device is based on the The step of constructing the helical spectrum from the electrical signal includes: converting the optical image of the vortex beam on the photosensitive surface into multiple electrical signals based on the relevant image sensor in the receiving device; determining based on the multiple electrical signals The amplitude and phase of the vortex beam, the helicon spectrum is constructed based on the amplitude and phase of the vortex beam.

所述相位为

Further, the multiple electrical signals include g ₁ , g ₂ and g ₃ , and the amplitude is

The phase is

Further, the step of judging whether the object to be detected is deformed based on the helical spectrum includes: acquiring the relative energy of the harmonic components of the helical spectrum, and acquiring the relative energy of each helical harmonic component with the offset distance Variation relationship; based on the relative energy of the harmonic component of the helical spectrum and the relationship between the relative energy of the helical harmonic component and the offset distance, determine the optical axis of the vortex beam and the central axis of the receiving device The offset distance between them is used to determine whether the object to be detected is deformed according to the offset distance.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is run by a processor, it executes any one of the above-mentioned first aspects. steps of the method.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a deformation detection system and a deformation detection method, the deformation detection system includes: a transmitting device and a receiving device, the transmitting device is set at the monitoring point of the object to be detected, and the receiving device is set at the receiving point of the object to be detected Where, the transmitting device includes a laser and a spatial light modulator; the spatial light modulator is used to convert the laser light emitted by the laser to the receiving device into a vortex beam; the receiving device is used to convert the vortex beam into a helical spectrum, based on the helical spectrum judgment Whether the object to be detected is deformed. In the present invention, by first converting the laser light into a vortex beam, and judging whether the object to be detected is deformed according to the helical spectrum of the vortex beam, it can accurately determine whether the object to be detected is deformed, and the deformation detection accuracy of the object to be detected is improved. And there is no need to build an interference optical path, which reduces the complexity of deformation detection.

Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in the following descriptions, or some of the features and advantages can be inferred or unambiguously determined from the descriptions, or can be known by implementing the above-mentioned techniques of the embodiments of the present invention.

In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments will be described in detail below together with the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the specific implementation or description of the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description The drawings show some implementations of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a deformation detection system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 shows a helical spectrum distribution diagram of an LG ₀ ¹ beam provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 shows a helical spectrum distribution diagram of a deformed beam provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of another deformation detection system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 shows a flow chart of a deformation detection method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 shows a diagram of the positional relationship between a transmitting light beam and a receiving device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 shows a relationship curve of relative energy of each helical harmonic component as a function of lateral offset provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Apparently, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them.

This embodiment provides a deformation detection system, referring to the structural diagram of the deformation detection system shown in Figure 1, the system includes: a transmitting device 10 and a receiving device 20, the transmitting device 10 is arranged at the monitoring point of the object to be detected, and the receiving device The device 20 is arranged at the receiving point of the object to be detected, and the transmitting device includes a laser and a spatial light modulator.

The aforementioned object to be detected may be any object requiring deformation detection, such as a building such as a house or a bridge. The above-mentioned monitoring point and receiving point can be pre-set on the object to be detected when the object to be detected is not deformed. The above-mentioned monitoring point can be a position point that will produce a relatively obvious displacement on the object to be detected when the object to be detected is deformed. The point may be a position capable of receiving the laser beam emitted by the emitting device at the monitoring point.

When the object to be detected is not deformed, the optical axis of the laser beam emitted by the emitting device 10 at the monitoring point is aligned with the central aperture of the receiving device 20 at the receiving point. The above-mentioned monitoring point can be set as a position point where the above-mentioned transmitting device can just be put down, and the above-mentioned receiving point can be set as a position point where the above-mentioned receiving device can just be put down. When it is necessary to monitor whether the object to be detected is deformed, the emitting device will be controlled to emit a laser beam, so that the receiving device can judge whether the object to be detected is deformed according to the beam.

The above-mentioned transmitting device 10 includes a laser 11 and a spatial light modulator 12, and the spatial light modulator 12 is used to convert the laser light emitted by the laser 11 to the receiving device 20 into a vortex beam. The laser light emitted by the laser 11 passes through the phase grating displayed by the spatial light modulator 12 to generate a vortex beam.

The receiving device 20 is used to convert the vortex beam into a helical spectrum, and judge whether the object to be detected is deformed based on the helical spectrum. Based on the helical spectrum, it is judged whether the transmitting device is aligned with the receiving device, if yes, it is determined that the object to be detected is not deformed; if not, it is determined that the object to be detected is deformed.

The above-mentioned helical spectrum is the orbital angular momentum spectrum of the vortex beam. By analyzing the orbital angular momentum of the vortex beam, the vortex beam can be expanded into a linear superposition of spiral harmonic functions to form the orbital angular momentum spectrum, also known as Helix Spectrum. Since the orbital angular momentum distribution of the vortex beam, that is, the helix spectrum contains more information, by judging whether the object to be detected is deformed based on the helix spectrum, the offset between the optical axis of the vortex beam and the central axis of the receiving device can be accurately determined The distance improves the accuracy of deformation detection of the object to be detected.

When the object to be detected is not deformed, the monitoring point where the transmitting device is located is not displaced, the optical axis of the laser beam emitted by the transmitting device is aligned with the central aperture of the receiving device, and the helical spectrum distribution of the vortex beam received by the receiving device is It has the same helical spectrum distribution as the vortex beam emitted by the spatial light modulator; when the laser emitting device is deformed, the monitoring point where the emitting device is located is displaced, resulting in the distance between the optical axis of the laser beam emitted by the emitting device and the receiving central aperture of the receiving device. There is an offset between the optical axis of the laser beam and the central aperture of the receiving device, which causes the helical spectrum of the vortex beam received by the receiving device to diffuse, that is, the ability of the vortex beam will be distributed to the adjacent state, so that it can be It is judged whether the object to be detected is deformed.

In one example, assume that the vortex beam emitted by the spatial light modulator is an LG ₀ 1 beam, see the helical spectrum distribution diagram of the LG ₀ ¹ beam shown in Figure 2, and the horizontal axis m in Figure 1 is each harmonic component The topological charge of , and the vertical axis P is the relative energy corresponding to each component. When the helical spectrum distribution of the vortex beam received by the receiving device is the same as the helical spectrum distribution shown in Figure 1, it is determined whether the object to be detected is deformed based on the helical spectrum, that is, the object to be detected is not deformed; When the helical spectrum distribution of the vortex beam is shown in Figure 3, the helical spectrum of the received beam is diffused, and the energy of the vortex beam with m=1 will be distributed to the adjacent orbital angular momentum state m, and the optical axis of the laser beam The central aperture of the receiving device is in a state of misalignment, that is, the object to be detected is deformed.

The above-mentioned deformation detection system provided in this embodiment can accurately determine whether the object to be detected is deformed by first converting the laser light into a vortex beam, and judging whether the object to be detected is deformed according to the helical spectrum of the vortex beam, thereby improving the The deformation detection accuracy of the object to be detected does not need to build an interference optical path, which reduces the complexity of deformation detection.

In one embodiment, the receiving device 20 includes: a correlation image sensor 21 (correlation image sensor, CIS) and a deformation detection device 22; wherein the spatial light modulator 12 is located between the laser 11 and the correlation image sensor 21, and the correlation image sensor 21 The output terminal of is connected with deformation detecting device 22.

The correlation image sensor 21 is used to convert the vortex beam from an optical signal to an electrical signal and output it to the deformation detection device 22 . The CIS correlation image sensor 21 at the receiving position uses the conversion function of the photoelectric device to convert the light image on the photosensitive surface into an electrical signal with a corresponding proportional relationship with the light image, and outputs the electrical signal to the deformation detection device, so that the deformation detection device is based on The electrical signal output by the associated image sensor 21 obtains the amplitude and phase of the light beam.

The deformation detection device 22 is used to construct a helical spectrum based on the electrical signal, and determine the offset distance between the optical axis of the vortex beam and the central axis of the receiving device based on the helical spectrum, and judge whether the object to be detected is deformed according to the offset distance. The deformation detection device 22 determines the amplitude and phase of the vortex beam based on the multiple electrical signals output by the relevant image sensor, and constructs a helical spectrum based on the amplitude and phase of the vortex beam. The deformation detection device 22 obtains the relative energy of the harmonic components of the helical spectrum, and obtains the relationship between the relative energy of each helical harmonic component and the variation of the offset distance; based on the relative energy of the harmonic components of the helical spectrum and the relative energy of the helical harmonic components As a function of the variation of the offset distance, the offset distance between the optical axis of the vortex beam and the central axis of the receiving device is determined. The offset distance is the offset distance between the monitoring point and the receiving point. When the offset distance is equal to 0, it is determined that the object to be detected is not deformed; when the offset distance is not equal to 0, it is determined that the object to be detected is deformed. out of shape.

和相位

The above-mentioned CIS correlation image sensor can output three electrical signals g ₁ , g ₂ and g ₃ , and the deformation detection equipment can calculate the amplitude of the vortex beam according to the electrical signals

and phase

The deformation detection device 22 determines the amplitude and phase of the vortex beam based on the electrical signal output by the relevant image sensor, and the helical spectrum can be constructed according to the amplitude and phase of the vortex beam. The amplitude of any beam can be expanded by the helical spectrum wave function, and the The light beam expands into the linear superposition of the helical harmonic function to form the orbital angular momentum spectrum, also known as the helical spectrum. According to the helical spectrum, the weight ratio of the energy of each harmonic component in the total energy is determined, that is, the weight factor. The relationship diagram of the relative energy of each helical harmonic component as a function of the lateral offset distance obtained from the simulation, according to the calculated relative energy of each harmonic component and the relationship between the relative energy of each helical harmonic component and the lateral offset distance , the lateral offset distance between the optical axis of the vortex beam and the central axis of the receiving device can be determined.

In one embodiment, referring to another structural diagram of a deformation detection system shown in FIG. 4 , the deformation detection system further includes: a beam splitter 41 and a phase shifter 42 .

As shown in Figure 4, the beam splitter 41 is arranged between the laser 10 and the spatial light modulator 11; phase shifter 42 .

The phase shifter 42 is also connected to the relevant image sensor 21 ; the phase shifter is used to generate multiple laser beams with different phases from the passing laser light, as a reference signal for heterodyne interference of the relevant image sensor 21 .

The number of the above-mentioned phase shifters can be two. The laser light emitted by the laser 10 is divided into two parts after passing through the beam splitter 41. One part passes through the phase grating displayed by the spatial light modulator to generate a vortex beam, and the other part passes through two phase shifters. Finally, three lasers with different phases are generated to serve as reference signals for heterodyne interference of the relevant image sensor. The phase shifter generates a phase shift of 2π/3, and by setting two phase shifters, three beams of reference signals with a phase difference of 2π/3 can be generated to the relevant image sensor 21 . By feeding back the reference signal of heterodyne interference to the correlation image sensor based on the phase shifter, the correlation image sensor is made to output multiple electrical signals based on the vortex beam and the reference signal of heterodyne interference.

当涡旋光束和三束相位相差2π/3的参考信号V_i，i＝1,2,3输入进相关图像传感器时，相关图像传感器根据三束参考信号将涡旋光束在感光面上的光像转换为多路电信号，产生相应的三个输出g_i，i＝1,2,3，变形检测设备基于这三个输出则可求得涡旋光束的振幅

和相位

A correlative image sensor can be used to help measure the amplitude A and phase of the vortex beam

When the vortex beam and the three reference signals V _i with a phase difference of 2π/3, i=1, 2, 3 are input into the correlation image sensor, the correlation image sensor converts the light of the vortex beam on the photosensitive surface according to the three reference signals. The image is converted into multiple electrical signals to generate corresponding three outputs g _i , i=1, 2, 3, and the deformation detection equipment can obtain the amplitude of the vortex beam based on these three outputs

and phase

The pixel circuit in the relevant image sensor includes a photodetector and a source-coupled MOS transistor with a separate capacitive loading and readout switch, which can perform time-domain correlation integration of the received vortex beam and three reference signals with different phases. The integration result is stored as the charge in the capacitor, and then read out by the MOS scanning circuit, thereby outputting three electrical signals g _i , i=1, 2, 3.

The above-mentioned deformation detection system provided in this embodiment can accurately detect the offset distance between the optical axis of the vortex beam emitted by the transmitting device and the central axis of the receiving device by using the helical spectrum of the vortex beam for deformation detection, and improve the In order to ensure the accuracy of the deformation detection of the object to be detected, the implementation method is simple, and the required equipment is also simpler.

This embodiment provides a deformation detection method, which is applied to the deformation detection system provided in the above embodiment. Referring to the flow chart of the deformation detection method shown in FIG. 5, the method includes the following steps:

Step S502, converting the laser light emitted by the laser to the receiving device into a vortex beam based on the spatial light modulator.

The laser light emitted by the laser passes through the phase grating displayed by the spatial light modulator to generate a vortex beam.

Step S504, converting the vortex beam into a helical spectrum based on the receiving device.

The above spiral spectrum is the orbital angular momentum spectrum of the vortex beam. By analyzing the orbital angular momentum of the vortex beam, the vortex beam can be expanded into a linear superposition of spiral harmonic functions to form a spiral spectrum.

Step S506, judging whether the object to be detected is deformed based on the helical spectrum.

Determine the weight ratio of the energy of each harmonic component in the total energy according to the helical spectrum, that is, the weight factor, and obtain the relationship diagram of the relative energy of each helical harmonic component obtained by pre-simulation with the lateral offset distance, according to the calculation The relative energy of each harmonic component and the relationship diagram of the relative energy of each helical harmonic component changing with the lateral offset distance obtained can determine the lateral offset distance between the optical axis of the vortex beam and the central axis of the receiving device. When the offset distance is equal to 0, it is determined that the object to be detected is not deformed; when the offset distance is not equal to 0, it is determined that the object to be detected is deformed.

The above-mentioned deformation detection method provided in this embodiment, by converting the laser light into a vortex beam first, and judging whether the object to be detected is deformed according to the helical spectrum of the vortex beam, can accurately determine whether the object to be detected is deformed, which improves the The deformation detection accuracy of the object to be detected does not need to build an interference optical path, which reduces the complexity of deformation detection.

In one embodiment, this embodiment provides a specific implementation of converting a vortex beam into a helical spectrum based on a receiving device:

Based on the relevant image sensor in the receiving device, the vortex beam is converted from an optical signal to an electrical signal and output to the deformation detection device in the receiving device, so that the deformation detection device constructs a spiral spectrum based on the electrical signal.

Based on the correlation image sensor in the receiving device, the optical image of the vortex beam on the photosensitive surface is converted into multiple electrical signals. The correlative image sensor at the receiving position uses the conversion function of the photoelectric device to convert the light image on the photosensitive surface into an electrical signal proportional to the light image, and the correlative image sensor outputs multiple electrical signals to the deformation detection device.

The amplitude and phase of the vortex beam are determined based on multiple electrical signals, and the helical spectrum is constructed based on the amplitude and phase of the vortex beam. The deformation detection device calculates the amplitude and phase of the vortex beam based on the multiple electrical signals output by the relevant image sensor.

相位为

In a specific implementation manner, the above-mentioned deformation detection system includes two phase shifters, and the above-mentioned multi-channel electrical signals include g ₁ , g ₂ and g ₃ three-way electrical signals, the amplitude of which is

Phase is

展开。光束展开成螺旋谐波函数

的线性叠加，便形成螺旋谱，将任意光场分布按螺旋谱谐波展开，可以得到如下公式For any beam, the amplitude E(x,y,z) can be obtained by the helical harmonic

Expand. The beam unfolds into a helical harmonic function

The linear superposition of , then form the helical spectrum, any light field distribution according to the harmonic expansion of the helical spectrum, the following formula can be obtained

in,

而螺旋谐波上的能量为

则可以求得为该螺旋谐波的相对能量为

也就是各谐波分量的权重因子，即得到螺旋谱。The energy of the beam can be written as

And the energy on the spiral harmonic is

Then the relative energy of the spiral harmonic can be obtained as

That is, the weighting factor of each harmonic component, that is, the spiral spectrum is obtained.

Among them, (r, φ, z) is the cylindrical coordinate system, u is the light field of the beam, m is the orbital angular momentum state corresponding to each harmonic component of the helical spectrum, and ε ₀ is the vacuum permittivity.

In one embodiment, the implementation of judging whether the object to be detected is deformed based on the helical spectrum may include the following steps (1) to (2):

Step (1): Obtain the relative energy of the harmonic components of the helical spectrum, and obtain the relationship of the relative energy of each helical harmonic component with the offset distance.

The helical spectrum established according to the amplitude and phase of the vortex beam is obtained, and the relative energy of the helical harmonic component of the helical spectrum is detected. According to the influence of the beam offset on the orbital angular momentum information of the vortex beam, the relationship between the relative energy of each spiral harmonic component and the offset distance is simulated in advance by computer simulation, and stored in the deformation detection device, so that the deformation detection According to the measured relative energy of the harmonic component of the helical spectrum of the vortex beam, the equipment can obtain the offset distance between the optical axis of the vortex beam and the central axis of the receiving device, that is, the monitoring point and the receiving point on the object to be detected offset distance.

被发射出去后，参见如图6所示的发射光束与接收装置的位置关系图，图6中的立方体为相关图像传感器，在传输距离z处的接收装置与光束之间出现横向偏移，光束的横向位移为(x₀,y₀)，把上式转化到圆柱坐标系中，并设x₀＝dcosξ，y₀＝dsinξ，d为光束轴和接收系统轴之间的偏移量，ξ是光束轴的偏移方向。则在z处，未对准光束的表达式为：For example, when a vortex beam

After being emitted, see the positional relationship between the transmitting beam and the receiving device as shown in Figure 6. The cube in Figure 6 is a related image sensor, and there is a lateral offset between the receiving device and the beam at the transmission distance z, and the beam The lateral displacement is (x ₀ , y ₀ ), transform the above formula into the cylindrical coordinate system, and set x ₀ =dcosξ, y ₀ =dsinξ, d is the offset between the beam axis and the receiving system axis, ξ is the offset direction of the beam axis. Then at z, the expression for the misaligned beam is:

w₀为光斑半径，z₀为瑞利距离，s为拓扑荷，p为径向量子数(为计算方便一般考虑p＝0的情况)，

为连带拉盖尔多项式，A为归一化常数，I_m为m阶第一类修正贝赛尔函数，J_n为n阶第一类贝赛尔函数，m为螺旋谱各谐波分量对应的轨道角动量态。in,

w ₀ is the radius of the light spot, z ₀ is the Rayleigh distance, s is the topological charge, p is the radial quantum number (for the convenience of calculation, the case of p=0 is generally considered),

is the associated Laguerre polynomial, A is the normalization constant, I _m is the m-order modified Bessel function of the first kind, J _n is the n-order Bessel function of the first kind, and m is the corresponding harmonic component of the spiral spectrum The orbital angular momentum state of .

According to the above-mentioned beam expression, the relative energy of each helical harmonic component can be simulated by computer simulation with the relationship diagram of the lateral offset distance of the monitoring point, see the relative energy of each helical harmonic component as shown in Figure 7. The relationship curve of the variation of the offset, which can reflect the relationship between the relative energy of each spiral harmonic component and the variation of the offset distance.

Step (2): Determine the offset distance between the optical axis of the vortex beam and the central axis of the receiving device based on the relative energy of the harmonic component of the helical spectrum and the relationship between the relative energy of the helical harmonic component and the offset distance , and judge whether the object to be detected is deformed according to the offset distance.

Substituting the relative energy of the harmonic component of the measured helical spectrum into the relationship between the relative energy of the helical harmonic component and the offset distance (of the monitoring point), the deviation of the monitoring point can be inversely deduced according to the relative energy of the helical harmonic component. The displacement distance (that is, the offset distance between the optical axis of the vortex beam and the central axis of the receiving device). The offset distance is the offset distance between the monitoring point and the receiving point. When the offset distance is equal to 0, it is determined that the object to be detected is not deformed; when the offset distance is not equal to 0, it is determined that the object to be detected is deformed. out of shape. For example, when the spot radius w ₀ of the vortex beam is selected as 1 mm, and the measured relative energy of the harmonic component of m=1 is 0.8, the offset distance d can be obtained from Fig. 7 as 0.4*w ₀ , that is, the monitoring point The offset distance relative to the receiving point is 0.4mm.

The above-mentioned deformation detection method provided in this embodiment can accurately detect the offset distance between the optical axis of the vortex beam and the central axis of the receiving device by using the helical spectrum of the vortex beam for deformation detection, and the implementation method is simple. The required equipment is also simpler, and at the same time, the deformation can be detected more accurately.

The implementation principle and technical effects of the method provided in this embodiment are the same as those of the foregoing embodiments. For brief description, for the parts not mentioned in the method embodiments, reference may be made to the corresponding content in the foregoing system embodiments.

An embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device. The electronic device includes a processor and a memory, and the memory stores a computer program that can run on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the above implementation is realized. The steps of the method provided by the example.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable medium, wherein the computer-readable medium stores computer-executable instructions, and when the computer-executable instructions are invoked and executed by a processor, the computer-executable instructions cause The processor implements the methods described in the foregoing embodiments.

Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working process of the system described above can refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing embodiments, and details are not repeated here.

The computer program product of the deformation detection system and deformation detection method provided by the embodiments of the present invention includes a computer-readable storage medium storing program codes, and the instructions included in the program codes can be used to execute the methods described in the foregoing method embodiments For specific implementation, refer to the method embodiments, and details are not repeated here.

In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrally connected; it may be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it may be the internal communication of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific situations.

If the functions described above are realized in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the essence of the technical solution of the present invention or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes. .

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" etc. The indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, or in a specific orientation. construction and operation, therefore, should not be construed as limiting the invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above-described embodiments are only specific implementations of the present invention, used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting them, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, although referring to the foregoing The embodiment has described the present invention in detail, and those skilled in the art should understand that any person familiar with the technical field can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention Changes can be easily thought of, or equivalent replacements are made to some of the technical features; and these modifications, changes or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should be included in the scope of the present invention within the scope of protection. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (6)

1. A deformation detection system, comprising: the device comprises a transmitting device and a receiving device, wherein the transmitting device is arranged at a monitoring point of an object to be detected, the receiving device is arranged at a receiving point of the object to be detected, and the transmitting device comprises a laser and a spatial light modulator; when the object to be detected is not deformed, the optical axis of the laser beam emitted by the emitting device is aligned with the central aperture of the receiving device at the receiving point; the object to be detected is a building;

the spatial light modulator is used for converting laser emitted by the laser to the receiving device into vortex beams;

the receiving device is used for converting the vortex light beam into a spiral spectrum and judging whether the object to be detected deforms or not based on the spiral spectrum;

the receiving apparatus includes: related image sensors and deformation detection devices; wherein the spatial light modulator is positioned between the laser and the associated image sensor, and the output end of the associated image sensor is connected with the deformation detection device;

the related image sensor is used for converting the optical image of the vortex light beam on the photosensitive surface into a plurality of paths of electric signals and outputting the electric signals to the deformation detection equipment;

the deformation detection equipment is used for determining the amplitude and the phase of the vortex light beam based on the multi-channel electric signals, constructing a spiral spectrum based on the amplitude and the phase of the vortex light beam, determining the offset distance between the optical axis of the vortex light beam and the central axis of the receiving device based on the spiral spectrum, and judging whether the object to be detected is deformed or not according to the offset distance; wherein the multiplexed electrical signal comprises g ₁ ，g ₂ And g ₃ The amplitude is

The phase is

2. The deformation detection system of claim 1, further comprising a beam splitter and a phase shifter;

the beam splitter is arranged between the laser and the spatial light modulator;

the beam splitter is used for dividing the laser emitted by the laser into two parts and transmitting the two parts to the spatial light modulator and the phase shifter respectively.

3. The distortion detection system of claim 2 wherein said phase shifter is further connected to said associated image sensor;

the phase shifter is used for generating a plurality of laser lights with different phases from the passing laser light to serve as reference signals of heterodyne interference.

4. A deformation detection method applied to the deformation detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the method comprising:

converting laser light emitted by the laser to the receiving device into vortex light beams based on the spatial light modulator; when the object to be detected is not deformed, the optical axis of a laser beam emitted by the laser is aligned with the central aperture of the receiving device at the receiving point; the object to be detected is a building;

converting the vortex beam into a spiral spectrum based on the receiving means; the step of converting the vortex beam into a spiral spectrum based on the receiving means comprises: converting the optical image of the vortex light beam on the photosensitive surface into a plurality of paths of electric signals based on a relevant image sensor in the receiving device; determining the amplitude and phase of the vortex beam based on the plurality of electrical signals, and constructing the spiral spectrum based on the amplitude and phase of the vortex beam; wherein the multiplexed electrical signal comprises g ₁ ，g ₂ And g ₃ The amplitude is

The phase is

Judging whether the object to be detected is deformed or not based on the spiral spectrum; the step of judging whether the object to be detected generates deformation or not based on the spiral spectrum comprises the following steps: and determining the offset distance between the optical axis of the vortex light beam and the central axis of the receiving device based on the spiral spectrum, and judging whether the object to be detected is deformed or not according to the offset distance.

5. The deformation detection method according to claim 4, wherein the step of determining whether the object to be detected is deformed based on the spiral spectrum comprises:

obtaining the relative energy of the harmonic component of the spiral spectrum, and obtaining the variation relation of the relative energy of each spiral harmonic component along with the offset distance;

determining the offset distance between the optical axis of the vortex light beam and the central axis of the receiving device based on the relative energy of the harmonic component of the spiral spectrum and the change relation of the relative energy of the spiral harmonic component along with the offset distance, and judging whether the object to be detected deforms or not according to the offset distance.

6. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method according to any one of the preceding claims 4 to 5.

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