CN114880759A - Safety evaluation system and method of vehicle HMI system based on simulated cab - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of traffic safety, in particular to a safety evaluation system and a method for a vehicle HMI system based on a simulated cab. The invention can provide the safety evaluation basis of the vehicle HMI system, and quantitatively evaluate the safety degree of the HMI system, thereby providing the driver with safer human-vehicle interaction services.

Description

Safety evaluation system and method of vehicle HMI system based on simulated cab

technical field

The invention relates to the field of traffic safety, in particular to a safety evaluation system and a method for a vehicle HMI system based on a simulated cab.

Background technique

Driving distraction is a specific inattention phenomenon that occurs when a driver shifts his attention from the driving task to other activities. Natural driving studies have shown that distracted driving is the leading cause of traffic accidents. According to statistics, 25%-50% of road traffic accidents are caused by distracted driving. In driving distraction, visual distraction has the highest probability of occurrence and has the greatest impact on safe driving.

At present, the HMI systems used in vehicles are mostly traditional button type, touch screen type or voice recognition type. Different HMI systems have great differences, which not only bring convenience to the driver, but also have different degrees of distraction for the driver. Influence, brings different degrees of driving distraction problems.

The traditional button type and touch screen type HMI system will make the driver's eyes away from the front of the road or the hands from the steering wheel, which will bring different degrees of visual distraction or operational distraction; the voice recognition type reduces the driver's attention to a certain extent. Visual distraction as well as operational distraction, but requires more mental attention, increasing the driver's cognitive distraction.

At present, there are few evaluation studies on HMI systems, there is no basis for the safety evaluation of HMI systems, the safety level of HMI systems cannot be quantified, and it is impossible to provide drivers with safer human-vehicle interaction services.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a safety evaluation system and a method for the vehicle HMI system based on a simulated cab, provide a safety reference basis for the design of the HMI system, and judge the safety degree of the HMI system, In this way, safer human-vehicle interaction services are provided for drivers.

In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve.

Technical solution one:

Safety evaluation system of vehicle HMI system based on simulated cab, including simulated cab, video recording module and central processing unit;

The simulated cab is used to simulate the specified operation in real vehicle driving, and collects the average distance of vehicle offset when the driver completes the specified operation, the rear-end collision situation, the relative speed of the vehicle and the preceding vehicle when the vehicle is rear-end collision, and the deceleration of the vehicle when the vehicle is rear-end collision; The video recording module is used to obtain the number of sight shifts and the average sight transition time when the driver completes the specified operation; the central processor is used to evaluate the safety degree of the vehicle HMI system according to the data collected by the simulated cab and the video recording module.

Technical solution two:

The safety evaluation method of the vehicle HMI system based on the simulated cab includes the following steps:

Step 1. The driver simulates normal driving in the simulated cab, and according to the type of HMI system, completes the specified operation at the speed of 40km/h, 80km/h and 100km/h respectively; the driver simulates following the car in the simulated cab Driving, according to the type of HMI system, complete the specified operation at the speed of 40km/h, 80km/h and 100km/h respectively;

Step 2, excluding the data recorded by the video recording module with the line-of-sight transition time of not more than 0.5s and the corresponding average vehicle offset distance data;

Step 3: Obtain the HMI system score W under normal driving according to the number of sight shifts n and the average sight shift time t/s of the driver completing the specified operation under normal driving, as well as the average vehicle offset distance d/cm;

According to the relative speed v and the deceleration a of the vehicle in front of the vehicle when the driver completes the specified operation under the following driving, the HMI system score H under the following driving is obtained;

Step 4, obtain the safety level A of the HMI system under normal driving according to the vehicle speed, the average time of sight shift t and the HMI system score W under normal driving;

Step 5, obtain the safety degree B of the HMI system under the following driving according to the rear-end collision situation of the vehicle and the HMI system score H under the following driving;

Step 6: Obtain the final safety level of the HMI system according to the safety level A of the HMI system under normal driving and the safety level B under car-following driving.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the beneficial effects of providing a safety evaluation basis for the vehicle HMI system, quantitatively evaluating the safety degree of the HMI system, and providing safer human-vehicle interaction services for drivers.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention for evaluating the safety level of the HMI system when the vehicle speed is 40km/h during normal driving;

2 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention for evaluating the safety level of the HMI system when the vehicle speed is 80km/h during normal driving;

3 is a schematic flowchart of the present invention for evaluating the safety level of the HMI system when the vehicle speed is 100km/h during normal driving;

4 is a schematic flowchart of the present invention for evaluating the safety level of the HMI system when driving with a car;

FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of the present invention for evaluating the final security degree of the HMI system.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the examples, but those skilled in the art will understand that the following examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present invention.

Safety evaluation system of vehicle HMI system based on simulated cab, including simulated cab, video recording module and central processing unit;

The simulated cab is used to simulate the specified operation in real vehicle driving, and collects the average distance of vehicle offset when the driver completes the specified operation, the rear-end collision situation, the relative speed of the vehicle and the preceding vehicle when the vehicle is rear-end collision, and the deceleration of the vehicle when the vehicle is rear-end collision; The simulated cab is exactly the same as the real vehicle cab, which can simulate the driving state of the real vehicle and simulate the operation of the HMI system of the real vehicle; the video recording module is used to obtain the number of sight shifts and the average sight shift time when the driver completes the specified operation; the central The processor is used to evaluate the safety degree of the vehicle HMI system according to the data collected by the simulated cab and the video recording module.

The safety evaluation method of the vehicle HMI system based on the simulated cab includes the following steps:

Step 1, the driver simulates normal driving in the simulated cab, and according to the type of HMI system, completes the specified operation at the speed of 40km/h, 80km/h and 100km/h respectively;

The driver performs simulated car-following driving in the simulated cab, and according to the type of HMI system, completes the specified operation at the speed of 40km/h, 80km/h and 100km/h respectively;

For the traditional button-type HMI system, the specified operations include setting the temperature of the air conditioner to the specified temperature, setting the air volume of the air conditioner to the specified air volume, setting the air conditioner to blow the wind on the front windshield, turning on the car radio and tuning to the specified frequency, and directly using the mobile phone to the specified frequency. call the contact;

For touch screen type or voice recognition type HMI systems, the specified operations include setting the air conditioner temperature to the specified temperature, setting the air conditioner outlet air volume to the specified outlet air volume, setting the air conditioner to blow air to the front windshield, turning on the car radio and tuning to the specified frequency and to the specified frequency. Contact to call.

Step 2, excluding the data recorded by the video recording module with the line-of-sight transition time of not more than 0.5s and the corresponding average vehicle offset distance data;

Step 3: Obtain the HMI system score W under normal driving according to the number of sight shifts n and the average sight shift time t/s of the driver completing the specified operation under normal driving, as well as the average vehicle offset distance d/cm;

Specifically, under normal driving, the HMI system score W=0.46(105-10t)+0.19(105-5n)+0.35(100-d); among them, the average time of sight shift t, the number of sight shifts n, and the average vehicle offset The weights of the distance d to the evaluation target are 0.46, 0.19, and 0.35 respectively;

The three weights are calculated as follows:

Firstly, the three evaluation indexes--the average time of sight shift, the number of sight shift times, and the average distance of vehicle excursion -- are determined by using the AHP method -- the proportional weight relative to the evaluation target.

则求得成对比较矩阵A的最大特征根λ_max＝3.0536，则最大特征根对应的特征向量归一化(取两位小数)后为ω＝(0.46 0.19 0.35)^T。Determine the pairwise comparison matrix A of the evaluation index relative to the evaluation target as

Then, the maximum eigenvalue λ _max =3.0536 of the pairwise comparison matrix A is obtained, and the eigenvector corresponding to the maximum eigenvalue is normalized (taking two decimal places) to be ω=(0.46 0.19 0.35) ^T .

Then carry out the consistency test: the consistency index CI = 0.0268 is obtained, and the random consistency index is RI = 0.58 by looking up the table, then the consistency ratio CR = 0.0462<0.1, that is, the consistency test is passed.

Finally, three evaluation indicators can be determined—the average time of sight shift t, the number of sight shifts n, and the average distance of vehicle shift d—the weights relative to the evaluation target are 0.46, 0.19, and 0.35, respectively.

According to the relative speed v and the deceleration a of the vehicle in front of the vehicle when the driver completes the specified operation under the following driving, the HMI system score H under the following driving is obtained;

Specifically, the HMI system score H=0.5(90-v)+0.5(2.5a+65) under car-following driving; wherein, the relative speed v of the vehicle and the preceding vehicle when the vehicle rear-end collision and the deceleration a of the vehicle rear-end collision are important for the evaluation The weights of the targets are 0.5 and 0.5 respectively;

Step 4, obtain the safety level A of the HMI system under normal driving according to the vehicle speed, the average time of sight shift t and the HMI system score W under normal driving;

Specifically, referring to Figure 1, when the vehicle speed is 40km/h:

When t≤1.6s, W≥88.59, the safety level A is excellent; when t≤1.6s, 86.75≤W<88.59, the safety level A is good; when t≤1.6s, W<86.75, the safety level A When 1.6<t≤2, if W≥86.75, the safety level A is good; if W<86.75, the safety level A is moderate; when t>2s, the safety level A is moderate;

Referring to Figure 2, when the vehicle speed is 80km/h:

When t≤1.5s, W≥89.05, the safety level A is excellent; when t≤1.5s, 86.75≤W<89.05, the safety level A is good; when t≤1.5s, W<86.75, the safety level A When 1.5<t≤2, W≥86.75, the safety level A is good; when 1.5<t≤2, W<86.75, the safety level A is medium; when t>2s, the safety level A is medium;

Referring to Figure 3, when the vehicle speed is 100km/h:

When t≤1.26s, W≥90.154, the safety level A is excellent; when t≤1.26s, 86.75≤W<90.154, the safety level A is good; when t≤1.26s, W<86.75, the safety level A When 1.26<t≤2, W≥86.75, the safety level A is good; when 1.26<t≤2, W<86.75, the safety level A is medium; when t>2s, then the safety level A is medium .

Studies have shown that when driving visual distraction occurs, the driver's line of sight will deviate from the road and turn to the inside or outside of the car. It is acceptable for four consecutive deviations within 2s, and it is unacceptable if it exceeds 2s. The frequency of deviation is high, and even a short deviation time is unacceptable. When the driver's sight deviates from the front of the road, if the deviation time exceeds 1.6s, the probability of a traffic accident will increase. Generally, it can be considered that the safety threshold of the average time for the driver's sight to leave the front of the road is 2s. Therefore, when the vehicle speed is 40km/h, 1.6s and 2s are used as the two dividing points when evaluating the average time t for the driver to complete a task.

Another study shows that under different vehicle speeds, the driver can drive safely for about 35m without observing the surrounding traffic information, but the duration of the sight away from the traffic information is unstable, it can be obtained that when the vehicle speed is 80km/h, the driver can drive without observing the surrounding. The safe driving time for traffic information is 1.57s; when the vehicle speed is 100km/h, the safe driving time for the driver without observing the surrounding traffic information is 1.26s. Therefore, when the vehicle speed is 80km/h, 1.5s and 2s are used as the two demarcation points when evaluating the average time t for the driver to complete a task; When the average time is t, 1.26s and 2s are used as two dividing points. At the same time, under three vehicle speeds, 4 times are used as the dividing point for the number of sight shifts n, and 10 cm is used as the dividing point for the average distance d of vehicle deviation.

When t=1.6, n=4, d=10, W=88.59 can be obtained from the scoring formula; when t=2, n=4, d=10, W=86.75 can be obtained from the scoring formula; When t=1.5, n=4, d=10, W=89.05 can be obtained from the scoring formula; when t=1.26, n=4, d=10, W=90.154 can be obtained from the scoring formula. Therefore, 88.59 and 86.75 are taken as the demarcation points of the HMI system score W at the vehicle speed of 40km/h, 86.75 and 89.05 as the demarcation points of the HMI system score W at the vehicle speed of 80km/h, and 86.75 and 90.154 as the vehicle speed of 100km/h. The cut-off point of the HMI system score W under /h.

Step 5, obtain the safety degree B of the HMI system under the following driving according to the rear-end collision situation of the vehicle and the HMI system score H under the following driving;

Specifically, referring to FIG. 4 , when the vehicle does not collide, the safety level B is excellent; when the vehicle has a rear-end collision, H≥80, the safety level B is good; when the vehicle has a rear-end collision, H<80, the safety level B is medium.

When v=10, a=6, H=80, so 80 is taken as the dividing point of HMI system score H.

Step 6: Obtain the final safety level of the HMI system according to the safety level A of the HMI system under normal driving and the safety level B under car-following driving.

Specifically, referring to Figure 5, when B is excellent, the final security level of the HMI system is security level A;

That is, when B is excellent and A is excellent, the HMI system security degree is excellent; when B is excellent and A is good, the HMI system security degree is good; when B is excellent and A is medium, the HMI system security degree is medium;

When B is good and A is excellent, the final safety level of the HMI system is good;

When B is good and A is good or medium, the final security level of the HMI system is medium;

When B is medium and A is excellent or good or medium, the final safety level of the HMI system is medium.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with general description and specific embodiments in this specification, some modifications or improvements can be made on the basis of the present invention, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention fall within the scope of the claimed protection of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The safety evaluation system of the vehicle HMI system based on the simulation cab is characterized by comprising the simulation cab, a video recording module and a central processing unit;

the simulation cab is used for simulating specified operation in real vehicle driving and acquiring the average vehicle offset distance, the rear-end collision condition, the relative speed between the rear-end collision vehicle and the front vehicle and the deceleration of the rear-end collision vehicle when the driver finishes the specified operation; the video recording module is used for acquiring the sight line transfer times and the sight line transfer average time when the driver completes the specified operation; and the central processing unit is used for evaluating the safety degree of the vehicle HMI system according to the data collected by the simulation cab and the video recording module.

2. The safety evaluation method of the vehicle HMI system based on the simulation cab is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1, a driver simulates normal driving in a simulation cab, and according to the type of an HMI system, designated operation is finished at the speed of 40km/h, 80km/h and 100km/h respectively; a driver simulates car following driving in a simulation cab, and according to the type of the HMI system, the driver respectively finishes designated operation at the speed of 40km/h, 80km/h and 100 km/h;

step 2, eliminating data recorded by a video recording module and having sight line transfer time not more than 0.5s and corresponding vehicle offset average distance data;

step 3, obtaining the HMI system score W under normal driving according to the sight line transfer times n and the sight line transfer average time t/s of the driver finishing the designated operation under normal driving and the vehicle offset average distance d/cm;

obtaining an HMI system score H under following driving according to the relative speed v between the driver and the front vehicle when the driver finishes the appointed operation under following driving and the deceleration a when the vehicle knocks into the rear;

step 4, obtaining the safety degree A of the HMI system under normal driving according to the vehicle speed, the average time t of sight line transfer and the score W of the HMI system under normal driving;

step 5, obtaining the safety degree B of the HMI system under the following driving according to the rear-end collision condition of the vehicle and the score H of the HMI system under the following driving;

and 6, obtaining the final safety degree of the HMI system according to the safety degree A of the HMI system under normal driving and the safety degree B of the HMI system under following driving.

3. The safety evaluation method of the vehicle HMI system based on the simulation cab as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step 1, specifically, for the conventional button-type HMI system, the designation operation includes setting the air conditioner temperature to a designated temperature, setting the air conditioner air output to a designated air output, setting the air conditioner to blow air to the front windshield, turning on the car radio and tuning to a designated frequency, and directly calling a designated contact person using a mobile phone;

for a touch screen type or voice recognition type HMI system, the designated operation comprises setting the air conditioner temperature to designated temperature, setting the air conditioner air output to designated air output, setting the air conditioner to blow air to a front windshield, opening a vehicle-mounted radio and adjusting to designated frequency and calling a designated contact person.

4. The safety evaluation method of HMI system for vehicle based on simulated driver's cab according to claim 2, characterized by that in step 3, HMI system score W under normal driving, specifically, HMI system score W under normal driving is 0.46(105-10t) +0.19(105-5n) +0.35 (100-d);

the HMI system score H in the following driving is, specifically, 0.5(90-v) +0.5(2.5a + 65).

5. The safety evaluation method of the HMI system for vehicle based on simulation cab as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step 4, the safety degree A of the HMI system under normal driving, specifically, under the vehicle speed of 40 km/h: when t is less than or equal to 1.6s and W is more than or equal to 88.59, the safety degree A is excellent; when t is less than or equal to 1.6s and W is less than 88.59 and is more than or equal to 86.75, the safety degree A is good; when t is less than or equal to 1.6s and W is less than 86.75, the safety degree A is medium; when t is more than 1.6 and less than or equal to 2, if W is more than or equal to 86.75, the safety degree A is good, and if W is less than 86.75, the safety degree A is moderate; when t is more than 2s, the safety degree A is medium;

at a vehicle speed of 80 km/h: when t is less than or equal to 1.5s and W is more than or equal to 89.05, the safety degree A is excellent; when t is less than or equal to 1.5s and W is less than 89.05 and is more than or equal to 86.75, the safety degree A is good; when t is less than or equal to 1.5s and W is less than 86.75, the safety degree A is medium; when t is more than 1.5 and less than or equal to 2 and W is more than or equal to 86.75, the safety degree A is good; when t is more than 1.5 and less than or equal to 2 and W is less than 86.75, the safety degree A is medium; when t is more than 2s, the safety degree A is medium;

at a vehicle speed of 100 km/h: when t is less than or equal to 1.26s and W is more than or equal to 90.154, the safety degree A is excellent; when t is less than or equal to 1.26s and W is less than 90.154 and is more than or equal to 86.75, the safety degree A is good; when t is less than or equal to 1.26s and W is less than 86.75, the safety degree A is medium; when t is more than 1.26 and less than or equal to 2 and W is more than or equal to 86.75, the safety degree A is good; when t is more than 1.26 and less than or equal to 2 and W is less than 86.75, the safety degree A is medium; when t > 2s, the safety degree A is moderate.

6. The safety evaluation method of the HMI system for a vehicle based on a simulation cab of claim 2, wherein in step 5, the HMI system is in a safety level B under following driving, specifically, when the vehicle does not collide with the rear, the safety level B is excellent; when the vehicle has rear-end collision, H is more than or equal to 80, the safety degree B is good; when the vehicle has rear-end collision and H is less than 80, the safety degree B is moderate.

7. The safety evaluation method of HMI system for vehicle based on simulation driver's cab of claim 2, wherein in step 6, the final safety degree of HMI system, specifically, when B is excellent, the final safety degree of HMI system is safety degree A; when B is good and A is excellent, the final safety degree of the HMI system is good; when B is good and A is good or medium, the final safety degree of the HMI system is medium; when B is medium and a is excellent or good or medium, the HMI system end up being medium in safety.

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