CN115001215B - Oil throwing cooling system and method for axial permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an axial permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor oil throwing cooling system and a cooling method thereof, comprising a motor rotor and a cooling system arranged on the motor rotor, the motor rotor including a rotating shaft, a back aluminum, a rotor core, a permanent magnet, and carbon fibers Protective sleeve, casing and sealing plate; the cooling system is a cooling oil passage opened on the shaft and the back aluminum; the shaft is a hollow shaft with a cooling oil passage inside, the outer end of the cooling oil passage is an open end, and the cooling oil passage The inner end of the axial permanent magnet synchronous motor is a closed end; the present invention realizes the oil cooling of the axial permanent magnet motor, and also realizes the internal oil cooling of the rotor, because the cooling Oil is non-conductive and non-magnetic, so the cooling oil can directly contact the rotor, thereby taking away most of the heat generated by the rotor and greatly improving the heat dissipation efficiency. In addition, the cooling oil can be circulated for cooling, with high utilization rate and low consumption.

Description

An axial permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor throwing oil cooling system and cooling method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of motor cooling, in particular to an axial permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor oil throwing cooling system and a cooling method thereof.

Background technique

The rapid development of new energy vehicles puts forward higher requirements on the performance of permanent magnet synchronous motors such as power density, torque density and efficiency. The permanent magnet motor has a compact structure and poor heat dissipation conditions, especially in harsh working conditions such as high speed, climbing and overload, which may easily lead to excessive temperature rise of the motor. For the rotor of a permanent magnet motor, once the temperature exceeds the Curie temperature of the permanent magnet, it will cause irreversible demagnetization of the permanent magnet, and even cause permanent damage in severe cases. Therefore, it is necessary to cool and dissipate the rotor so that the motor can run safely and stably.

Motors usually use natural cooling, forced air cooling and liquid cooling for heat dissipation. Natural air cooling relies on the rotation of the rotor to drive the internal air gap to form convective heat transfer. However, due to the low thermal conductivity of the air inside the motor and the weak heat transfer capacity, the heat dissipation efficiency of this self-ventilation effect is limited, and it is only suitable for small power. , The motor with small rotor temperature rise. Forced air cooling is divided into two types: closed type and open type. Closed air cooling can only enhance the convective heat transfer capacity of the external casing, and cannot directly take away the internal heat of the motor generated by the stator core and windings. Although the open air cooling can directly cool the main heat source of the motor, it will bring dust particles from the outside into the motor, affecting the performance of the motor. Liquid cooling is generally divided into water cooling and oil cooling. Water cooling is to add water channels inside the casing, and the flowing water takes away the heat of the casing. Although this method can effectively control the overall temperature rise of the motor, due to the high thermal resistance between the rotor and the external water jacket, the rotor core and the It is difficult to effectively control the local temperature rise of permanent magnets. To solve this problem, oil cooling has been extensively studied. Rotor oil cooling is to open an oil passage in the axial direction of the rotor core, and the cooling oil in the hollow shaft flows into the rotor core oil passage through the oil hole at the end of the shaft, thereby directly cooling the rotor. However, this rotor oil-cooling structure is only designed for radial motors, and the difference in topological structure between axial motors and radial motors makes this oil-cooling structure no longer applicable.

To sum up, it is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art to provide an axial permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor oil throwing cooling system and a cooling method thereof.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an axial permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor oil throwing cooling system and its cooling method, to solve the problems in the prior art above, through the axial permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor shaft and back aluminum The cooling oil flow channel is set to realize the oil cooling of the axial permanent magnet motor and improve the heat dissipation efficiency.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following scheme:

The invention provides an axial permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor oil throwing cooling system, which includes a motor rotor and a cooling system arranged on the motor rotor. The motor rotor includes a rotating shaft, a back aluminum, a rotor core, a permanent magnet, and a carbon fiber protection Cover, casing and sealing plate, the casing is a disc structure with one end open, the carbon fiber protective sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the back aluminum and installed in the casing, and the back aluminum is provided with a ring The iron core installation groove, the rotor iron core with the permanent magnet is installed in the iron core installation groove, the rotating shaft is installed in the center hole of the back aluminum, and the sealing plate is sealed in the machine The open end of the shell; the cooling system is a cooling oil flow channel opened on the rotating shaft and the back aluminum;

The rotating shaft is a hollow rotating shaft with a cooling oil passage inside, the outer end of the cooling oil passage is an open end, and the inner end of the cooling oil passage is a closed end;

The side wall of the rotating shaft is circumferentially distributed with rotating shaft flow channels, and the rotating shaft flow channels communicate with the radial flow channels arranged radially inside the back aluminum one by one, and the radial flow channels in the back aluminum pass through one by one. The rotor core flow channel on the rotor core is connected to the axial flow channel opened on the periphery of the back aluminum, the inner end of the axial flow channel is connected to the rotor core flow channel, and the outer end of the axial flow channel passes through the bottom plate of the back aluminum ; The casing is provided with a casing oil outlet connected to the axial flow channel;

Or, the rotating shaft is provided with a partition that divides the cooling oil passage into an oil inlet passage and an oil outlet passage, an oil inlet is provided on the side wall of the rotating shaft at the bottom of the oil inlet passage, and the outlet An oil outlet is provided on the side wall of the rotating shaft at the bottom of the oil passage, and the oil inlet communicates with the oil outlet through a circulation channel provided in the back aluminum.

Preferably, the middle part of the rotating shaft is provided with an annular intermediate section whose diameter is larger than that of the rotating shaft body, and eight flow passages of the rotating shaft are uniformly distributed in the inner circumference of the intermediate section, and the inner part of the opposite aluminum back is also provided with There are eight radial flow passages opposite to the shaft flow passages, and eight axial flow passages are also provided.

Preferably, there are two circulating flow passages; two oil inlets are respectively connected to the inlets of the two circulating flow passages; two oil outlets are also provided and are connected to the two inlets respectively. The outlet of the circulation channel described in the strip is connected.

Preferably, the two circulating flow channels are arranged symmetrically, and each of the circulating flow channels is a petal-shaped flow channel composed of the second radial flow channel and the circumferential flow channel.

Preferably, the closed end of the rotating shaft is provided with an arc-shaped groove.

Preferably, the carbon fiber protective cover is made of non-magnetic and non-conductive carbon fiber material.

Preferably, the aluminum back and the casing are made of aluminum alloy.

Based on the above-mentioned axial permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor oil throwing cooling system, the present invention also provides an axial permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor oil throwing cooling method, comprising the following steps:

Step 1. The cooling oil is pumped out by the oil pump and transported to the rotating shaft through the oil pipe;

Step 2, the movement of the cooling oil at the closed end of the rotating shaft is blocked, thereby changing the direction and flowing to the rotating shaft flow channel opened in the middle section of the rotating shaft;

Step 3, the radial flow channel on the back aluminum connected to the shaft flow channel and the flow channel on the rotor core guide the cooling oil to flow from the shaft to the back aluminum and the rotor core, and directly take away the The heat of the rotor core and permanent magnets;

Step 4: The rotor core is installed in the iron core installation groove on the back aluminum, so that the back aluminum is directly connected to the rotor core, and the heat generated by the rotor core and the permanent magnet is transferred to the back aluminum , is taken away by the cooling oil flowing through the back aluminum;

Step 5, the cooling oil passes through the oil outlet of the casing and flows back to the oil storage through the oil pipe.

Based on the above-mentioned axial permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor oil throwing cooling system, the present invention also provides another axial permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor oil throwing cooling method, including the following steps:

Step 1. The cooling oil is pumped out by the oil pump, delivered to the main oil inlet of the rotating shaft through the oil pipe, and enters the oil inlet passage;

Step 2, the movement of the cooling oil at the closed end of the rotating shaft is blocked, thereby changing direction and flowing into the oil inlet provided on the side wall of the rotating shaft;

Step 3, the inlet of the circulation flow channel in the back aluminum guides the cooling oil to flow from the rotating shaft to the circulation flow channel;

Step 4: The rotor core is installed in the iron core installation groove on the back aluminum, so that the back aluminum is directly connected to the rotor core, and the heat generated by the rotor core and the permanent magnet is transferred to the back aluminum , is taken away by the cooling oil flowing through the back aluminum;

Step 5, the cooling oil flows out from the outlet of the circulation channel in the back aluminum, passes through the oil outlet provided on the side wall of the rotating shaft, from the oil outlet passage in the rotating shaft to the total oil outlet of the rotating shaft, and finally Flow back to the oil storage through the oil pipe.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following beneficial technical effects:

1. The axial permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor oil throwing cooling system and its cooling method provided by the present invention realize the axial permanent magnet motor The oil cooling also realizes the internal oil cooling of the rotor. Because the cooling oil has the characteristics of non-conduction and non-magnetic conduction, the cooling oil can directly contact the rotor, thereby taking away most of the heat generated by the rotor and greatly improving the heat dissipation efficiency. also. The cooling oil can be circulated for cooling, with high utilization rate and low consumption.

2. The existing radial permanent magnet synchronous motor is oil-cooled by opening a flow channel through the core in the axial direction on the rotor core, which greatly reduces the strength of the rotor core, and the rotor core is composed of silicon steel sheets, and the flow channel is processed The difficulty is great and the cost is high. In the present invention, flow channels are provided on the back aluminum, and the back aluminum is made of aluminum alloy with high thermal conductivity, which is very easy to process and shape. The shaft adopts a hollow shaft, which reduces the weight of the cooling system.

3. The diameter of the middle section of the rotating shaft is large, so as to ensure that the rotating shaft meets the rigidity requirements.

4. The corners of the back aluminum flow channel are rounded, which can guide the flow better.

5. The number, shape and length of runners can also be adjusted according to actual needs, and the system is highly adjustable. The entire cooling system has a variety of heat transfer paths, with high cooling efficiency, which can effectively reduce the rotor temperature and avoid the risk of high-temperature demagnetization of the permanent magnet.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. Embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an overall cooling system of an axial permanent magnet synchronous motor in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the rotor cooling system of the axial permanent magnet synchronous motor in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the back aluminum in Example 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a rotating shaft in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the rotor core and permanent magnets in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is an overall schematic diagram of an oil throwing cooling system for the rotor of an intermediate-rotation axial permanent magnet synchronous motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

7 is a schematic diagram of the heat transfer path in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the overall cooling system of the axial permanent magnet synchronous motor in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is an exploded view of the rotor cooling system of the axial permanent magnet synchronous motor in the second embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the back aluminum in Example 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the rotating shaft in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the rotor core and permanent magnets in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 13 is an overall schematic diagram of the rotor oil throwing cooling system of the intermediate rotation axial permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

14 is a schematic diagram of the heat transfer path in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

In the figure: 1-casing, 2-back aluminum, 3-rotor core, 4-permanent magnet, 5-carbon fiber protective sleeve, 6-rotating shaft, 7-sealing plate, 8-forward flow of cooling oil, 9-cooling oil Reverse flow direction, 10-oil pump, 11-cooling oil, 12-stator, 13-oil storage, 1-1-oil outlet of casing, 2-1-radial flow channel 1, 2-2-axial flow channel , 2-3-core installation groove, 2-4-circumferential flow channel, 2-5-rounded corner, 2-6-circulation flow channel inlet, 2-7-circulation flow channel outlet, 2-8-radial Runner 2, 3-1-rotor core runner, 6-1-open end, 6-2-closed end, 6-3-middle section, 6-4-shaft runner, 6-5-shaft seal, 6-6-total oil inlet, 6-7-total oil outlet, 6-8-baffle, 6-9-oil inlet, 6-10-oil outlet.

Implementation

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The object of the present invention is to provide an axial permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor oil throwing cooling system and cooling method thereof, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example

The axial permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor oil throwing cooling system in the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 1-Fig. Iron core 3, permanent magnet 4, carbon fiber protective cover 5, casing 1 and sealing plate 7, the casing 1 is a disc structure with one end open, and the back aluminum 2 is covered with a carbon fiber protective cover 5 and installed in the casing 1. The back aluminum 2 is provided with an annular iron core installation groove 2-3, the rotor core with the permanent magnet 4 is installed in the iron core installation groove 2-3, the rotating shaft 6 is installed in the center hole of the back aluminum 2, and the sealing plate 7 seals Blocked at the open end of the casing 1; the cooling system is a cooling oil flow channel opened on the rotating shaft 6 and the back aluminum 2;

Specifically, the rotating shaft 6 is a hollow rotating shaft 6 with a cooling oil passage inside, the outer end of the cooling oil passage is an open end 6-1, and the inner end of the cooling oil passage is a closed end 6-2;

The side wall of the rotating shaft 6 is circumferentially distributed with a rotating shaft flow channel 6-4, and the rotating shaft flow channel 6-4 communicates with the radial flow channel 1 2-1 arranged radially in the back aluminum 2, and the radial flow in the back aluminum 2 Road 1 2-1 is connected to the axial flow channel 2-2 opened on the periphery of the back aluminum 2 through the rotor core flow channel 3-1 on the rotor core 3, and the inner end of the axial flow channel 2-2 is connected to the rotor core flow channel 3-1 , the outer end of the axial flow channel 2-2 runs through the bottom plate of the back aluminum 2; the casing 1 is provided with a casing oil outlet 1-1 connected to the axial flow channel 2-2;

In this specific embodiment, the middle part of the rotating shaft 6 is provided with an annular middle section 6-3 whose diameter is larger than that of the main body of the rotating shaft 6. There are eight rotating shaft flow channels 6-4 evenly distributed in the inner circumferential direction of the middle section 6-3. The inside of the aluminum 2 is also provided with 8 radial flow channels 2-1 relative to the shaft flow channels 6-4, and the axial flow channels 2-2 are also provided with 8.

In order to improve the flow variation of the cooling oil 11 on the closed end 6-2 of the rotating shaft 6, the inner surface of the closed end 6-2 is manufactured with arc-shaped grooves, and the inner surface has a non-planar shape, which can promote the flow of the cooling oil 11 on the rotating shaft 6. The closed end 6-2 of the rotating shaft 6 is commutated to reduce flow stagnation at the closed end 6-2 of the rotating shaft 6.

In this specific embodiment, the carbon fiber protective cover 5 is made of non-magnetic and non-conductive carbon fiber material. The diameter of the protective cover is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the back aluminum 2 and is installed close to the outside of the back aluminum 2. The carbon fiber protective cover 5 can effectively overcome the The electromagnetic force and centrifugal force generated by the motor rotor during high-speed operation, and the low electrical conductivity of carbon fiber itself can reduce the eddy current loss of the rotor.

In this specific embodiment, the back aluminum 2 and the casing 1 are made of aluminum alloy, the weight of the cooling system is greatly reduced, and the aluminum alloy material is easy to process, reducing the manufacturing difficulty.

In this embodiment, due to the centrifugal force of the rotating shaft 6 , the cooling oil 11 is guided to flow into the back aluminum 2 . The back aluminum 2 is directly connected with the rotor core 3, and the flow channel opened by the rotor core 3 guides the cooling oil 11 to flow through the rotor core 3 and the permanent magnet 4 to directly cool the temperature of both. The axial flow channel 2-2 of the back aluminum 2 transports the cooling oil 11 to the surface of the back aluminum 2, thereby realizing rotor oil rejection. The direction of the vertical channel can be adjusted according to actual needs to change the angle and range of the cooling oil 11 flowing out of the back aluminum 2 . The sealing plate 7 is used in conjunction with the casing 1 to prevent the cooling oil 11 from flowing out from places other than the casing oil outlet 1-1. In this embodiment, the cooling oil is in direct contact with the rotor core 3 and the permanent magnet 4, directly takes away the heat generated by the rotor core 3 and the permanent magnet 4 through thermal convection, and finally flows out from the oil outlet 1-1 of the casing through the oil pipe. The oil storage depot 13 has the ability to efficiently circulate and cool the rotor temperature, which greatly improves the heat dissipation effect of the rotor. The cooling oil in the shaft 6 directly takes away the heat of the shaft 6, reduces the temperature gradient of the rotor, and effectively avoids the risk of high temperature demagnetization. In addition, the number of runners, the shape of the runners and the direction of the runners can all be adjusted to realize the distribution of the internal flow of the rotor.

Based on the above-mentioned axial permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor oil throwing cooling system, this embodiment also provides an axial permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor oil throwing cooling method, including the following steps:

Step 1, the cooling oil 11 is pumped out by the oil pump 10, and delivered to the rotating shaft 6 through the oil pipe;

Step 2, the movement of the cooling oil 11 at the closed end 6-2 of the rotating shaft 6 is blocked, thereby changing the direction and flowing to the rotating shaft flow channel 6-4 opened in the middle section of the rotating shaft 6;

Step 3, the radial flow channel 2-1 on the back aluminum 2 connected with the shaft flow channel 6-4 and the flow channel opened on the rotor core 3 guide the cooling oil 11 to flow from the shaft 6 to the back aluminum 2 and the rotor core 3. Directly take away the heat of the rotor core 3 and the permanent magnet 4;

Step 4: The rotor core 3 is installed in the core installation groove 2-3 on the back aluminum 2, so that the back aluminum 2 is directly connected to the rotor core 3, and the heat generated by the rotor core 3 is transferred to the back aluminum 2, and then flows through the back The cooling oil 11 of aluminum 2 is taken away;

Step five, the cooling oil 11 flows back to the oil storage depot 13 through the oil outlet 1-1 of the casing.

Example

As shown in Figures 8-14, the rotor cooling system of the axial permanent magnet synchronous motor in this embodiment differs from the first embodiment only in that the shaft 6 is provided with a cooling oil passage that separates the passage of the cooling oil 11 into an oil inlet passage. and the partition plate 6-8 of the oil outlet passage, the side wall of the rotating shaft 6 on the side of the oil inlet passage is provided with an oil inlet 6-9, and the side wall of the rotating shaft 6 on one side of the oil outlet passage is provided with an oil outlet 6-10, the oil inlet 6-9 communicates with the oil outlet 6-10 through the circulation channel provided in the back aluminum 2. Among them, there are two circulating channels; two oil inlets 6-9 are respectively connected to the inlets 2-6 of the two circulating channels; two oil outlets 6-10 are also provided, respectively connected to the two The outlets 2-7 of the first circulating flow channel are connected; two circulating flow channels are arranged symmetrically, and each circulating flow channel is a petal-shaped flow channel composed of a radial flow channel 2-8 and a circumferential flow channel 2-4. Among them, there are 6 radial flow channels 2-8 of each circulating flow channel, and the 6 radial flow channels 2-8 are connected into petal-shaped flow channels through 5 circumferential flow channels 2-4, and the joints are uniform For the round 2-5 structure.

In this embodiment, due to the centrifugal force of the rotating shaft 6 , the cooling oil 11 is guided into the back aluminum 2 , and flows through the radial flow channel 2 - 8 and the circumferential flow channel 2 - 4 in sequence to finally flow to the oil outlet passage of the rotating shaft 6 . The heat generated by the rotor core 3 and the permanent magnet 4 is transferred to the back aluminum 2 through heat conduction, and is taken away by the cooling oil 11 flowing through the back aluminum 2, so as to achieve the purpose of cooling the rotor. In this solution, there is no need to open a flow channel on the rotor core 3 , which greatly improves the strength of the rotor core 3 . The cooling oil 11 completes a circulation process on the rotating shaft 6 and the back aluminum 2, so there is no need to offer an oil outlet on the surface of the casing 1. The direction and size of the flow channels on the back aluminum 2 can be adjusted to change the range of cooling oil flowing through the back aluminum 2 . The junction of the two flow channels opened by the back aluminum 2 adopts rounded corners 2-5, which can better play a role in diversion.

Based on the above-mentioned axial permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor oil throwing cooling system, this embodiment also provides an axial permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor oil throwing cooling method, including the following steps:

Step 1, the cooling oil 11 is pumped out by the oil pump 10, delivered to the general oil inlet 6-6 of the rotating shaft 6 through the oil pipe, and enters the oil inlet passage;

Step 2, the movement of the cooling oil 11 at the closed end 6-2 of the rotating shaft 6 is blocked, thereby changing the direction and flowing into the oil inlet 6-9 provided on the side wall of the rotating shaft 6;

Step 3, the inlet of the circulation channel in the back aluminum 2 guides the cooling oil 11 from the rotating shaft 6 to the circulation channel;

Step 4, the rotor core 3 is installed in the iron core installation groove 2-3 on the back aluminum 2, so that the back aluminum 2 is directly connected with the rotor core 3, the heat generated by the rotor core 3 and the permanent magnet 4 is transferred to the back aluminum 2, and Taken away by the cooling oil 11 flowing through the back aluminum 2;

Step 5, the cooling oil 11 flows out from the outlet 2-7 of the circulation channel in the back aluminum 2, passes through the oil outlet 6-10 provided on the side wall of the rotating shaft 6, and passes through the oil outlet passage in the rotating shaft to the total outlet of the rotating shaft 6 The oil port 6-7 finally flows back to the oil storage depot 13 through the oil pipe.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, a shaft seal 6-5 is formed by setting a seal ring at the shaft end of the shaft 6, and the shaft seal is located at the open end 6-1 or the total oil inlet 6-6 and the total oil outlet 6-7. , can prevent the cooling oil 11 from leaking at the connection between the oil pipe and the above places.

It should be noted that the rotor oil throwing cooling system of the present invention can be used in combination with other cooling systems, such as casing water cooling system, stator oil immersion cooling and so on.

The present invention applies specific examples to the principles of the present invention. Principle and implementation mode have been elaborated, and the explanation of above embodiment is only used to help understanding method of the present invention and core idea thereof; Simultaneously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the thought of the present invention, in specific implementation mode and application range above will be subject to change. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. An axial permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor oil slinging cooling system which is characterized in that: the motor rotor comprises a rotating shaft, back aluminum, a rotor core, a permanent magnet, a carbon fiber protective sleeve, a shell and a sealing plate, wherein the shell is of a disc structure with one open end, the carbon fiber protective sleeve is sleeved outside the back aluminum and is installed in the shell, an annular iron core installation groove is formed in the back aluminum, the rotor core with the permanent magnet is installed in the iron core installation groove, the rotating shaft is installed in a central hole of the back aluminum, and the sealing plate is plugged at the open end of the shell; the cooling system is a cooling oil runner arranged on the rotating shaft and the back aluminum;

the rotating shaft is a hollow rotating shaft with a cooling oil passage arranged inside, the outer end of the cooling oil passage is an open end, and the inner end of the cooling oil passage is a closed end;

a rotating shaft runner is circumferentially distributed on the side wall of the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft runner is communicated with a radial runner I which is radially arranged in the back aluminum, the radial runner I in the back aluminum is communicated with an axial runner which is arranged on the periphery of the back aluminum through a rotor core runner on a rotor core, the inner end of the axial runner is connected with the rotor core runner, and the outer end of the axial runner penetrates through a bottom plate of the back aluminum; the shell is provided with a shell oil outlet communicated with the axial flow channel;

the middle part of pivot is provided with the annular interlude that the diameter is greater than pivot body diameter, circumference equipartition has 8 in the interlude the pivot runner, relative the back of the body aluminium inside also offered with 8 radial runner one of pivot runner one-to-one, the axial runner also is provided with 8.

2. An axial permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor oil slinging cooling system which is characterized in that: the motor rotor comprises a rotating shaft, back aluminum, a rotor core, a permanent magnet, a carbon fiber protective sleeve, a shell and a sealing plate, wherein the shell is of a disc structure with one open end, the carbon fiber protective sleeve is sleeved outside the back aluminum and is installed in the shell, an annular iron core installation groove is formed in the back aluminum, the rotor core with the permanent magnet is installed in the iron core installation groove, the rotating shaft is installed in a central hole of the back aluminum, and the sealing plate is plugged at the open end of the shell; the cooling system is a cooling oil runner arranged on the rotating shaft and the back aluminum;

the rotating shaft is a hollow rotating shaft with a cooling oil passage arranged inside, the outer end of the cooling oil passage is an open end, and the inner end of the cooling oil passage is a closed end;

a baffle plate for dividing the cooling oil passage into an oil inlet passage and an oil outlet passage is arranged in the rotating shaft, an oil inlet is arranged on the side wall of the rotating shaft on one side of the oil inlet passage, an oil outlet is arranged on the side wall of the rotating shaft on one side of the oil outlet passage, and the oil inlet is communicated with the oil outlet through a circulating runner arranged in the back aluminum;

the circulating flow channels are provided with two circulating flow channels; the two oil inlets are respectively communicated with inlets of the two circulating runners; the two oil outlets are also arranged and are respectively communicated with the outlets of the two circulating runners;

the two circulating flow passages are symmetrically arranged, and each circulating flow passage is a petal-shaped flow passage formed by a radial flow passage II and a circumferential flow passage.

3. The axial permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor oil slinging cooling system of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the blind end of pivot is provided with curved recess.

4. The axial permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor oil slinging cooling system of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the carbon fiber protective sleeve is made of non-magnetic conductive and non-conductive carbon fiber materials.

5. The axial permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor oil slinging cooling system of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the back aluminum and the shell are made of aluminum alloy materials.

6. An oil slinging cooling method for an axial permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor, which is applied to the oil slinging cooling system for the axial permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor as claimed in claim 1, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step one, cooling oil is pumped out by an oil pump and is conveyed to a rotating shaft through an oil pipe;

step two, the cooling oil is blocked from moving at the closed end of the rotating shaft, so that the direction is changed, and the cooling oil flows to a rotating shaft flow passage formed in the middle section of the rotating shaft;

step three, a radial runner I on the back aluminum connected with the rotating shaft runner and a runner arranged on the rotor iron core guide cooling oil to flow from the rotating shaft to the back aluminum and the rotor iron core, and directly take away heat of the rotor iron core and the permanent magnet;

fourthly, the rotor iron core is arranged in an iron core installation groove on the back aluminum, so that the back aluminum is directly connected with the rotor iron core, and heat generated by the rotor iron core and the permanent magnet is transferred to the back aluminum and is taken away by cooling oil flowing through the back aluminum;

and fifthly, cooling oil flows back to the oil storage warehouse through the oil outlet of the shell and the oil pipe.

7. An oil slinging cooling method for an axial permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor, which is applied to the oil slinging cooling system for the axial permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor as claimed in claim 2, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step one, cooling oil is pumped out by an oil pump and is conveyed to a main oil inlet of a rotating shaft through an oil pipe to enter an oil inlet passage;

step two, the cooling oil is blocked from moving at the closed end of the rotating shaft, so that the direction of the cooling oil is changed, and the cooling oil flows into an oil inlet arranged on the side wall of the rotating shaft;

step three, guiding cooling oil to flow from the rotating shaft to the circulating flow channel through an inlet of the circulating flow channel in the back aluminum;

fourthly, the rotor iron core is arranged in an iron core installation groove on the back aluminum, so that the back aluminum is directly connected with the rotor iron core, and heat generated by the rotor iron core and the permanent magnet is transferred to the back aluminum and is taken away by cooling oil flowing through the back aluminum;

and fifthly, cooling oil flows out from an outlet of a circulating runner in the back aluminum, passes through an oil outlet arranged on the side wall of the rotating shaft, flows from an oil outlet passage in the rotating shaft to a total oil outlet of the rotating shaft, and finally flows back to an oil storage through an oil pipe.

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