CN115132867B - Photovoltaic panels - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic module, which comprises: the photovoltaic cell layer comprises a plurality of cell pieces and a back cover plate, the ratio of the maximum length to the maximum width of each cell piece is N ₁, the number of the cell pieces of the photovoltaic component is N ₂, and the ratio of N ₂ to N ₁ is a non-positive integer; the front cover plate is arranged on the front surface of the photovoltaic cell layer; the front packaging adhesive film is connected between the front cover plate and the front surface of the photovoltaic cell layer; the back cover plate is arranged on the back of the photovoltaic cell layer; and the back packaging adhesive film is connected between the back cover plate and the back of the photovoltaic cell layer. According to the photovoltaic module, the ratio of N ₂ to N ₁ is a non-positive integer, and the number of the complete battery pieces of the whole photovoltaic module can be a non-integer, so that the output power of the photovoltaic module can be improved, the load risk of the photovoltaic module can be reduced, and the photovoltaic module is more convenient to transport and install.

Description

Photovoltaic panels

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic manufacturing, and in particular to a photovoltaic component.

Background technique

In the related art, in order to increase the output power of photovoltaic modules, the size of the cells is gradually increasing. For example, the use of 182mm and 210mm sized cells is becoming more and more frequent. However, when the size of the cell is larger, the size of the photovoltaic module is larger, which leads to excessive stress on the frame and greater difficulty in installation.

Summary of the invention

The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic module, which has a smaller size, can reduce frame stress, and can reduce installation difficulty.

A photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a photovoltaic cell layer, the photovoltaic cell layer comprising a plurality of cells, the ratio of the maximum length to the maximum width of each cell being _N1 , the number of cells of the photovoltaic module being _N2 , wherein the ratio of _N2 to _N1 is a non-positive integer; a front cover plate, the front cover plate being arranged on the front side of the photovoltaic cell layer; a front encapsulation film, the front encapsulation film being connected between the front cover plate and the front side of the photovoltaic cell layer; a back cover plate, the back cover plate being arranged on the back side of the photovoltaic cell layer; and a back encapsulation film, the back encapsulation film being connected between the back cover plate and the back side of the photovoltaic cell layer.

According to the photovoltaic module of the embodiment of the present invention, by making the ratio of the number of cells _N2 of the photovoltaic module to the ratio _N1 of the maximum length to the maximum width of each cell a non-positive integer, the number of complete cells in the entire photovoltaic module can be a non-integer, and the size of the photovoltaic module can be reduced when the size of the cell is larger, thereby reducing the load risk of the photovoltaic module while improving the output power of the photovoltaic module, and making the transportation and installation of the photovoltaic module more convenient.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the ratio of _N2 to _N1 is n, wherein n satisfies: 34＜n ＜68.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the plurality of battery cells constitute a plurality of battery strings, each of the battery strings comprises N ₃ battery cells connected in series, wherein the ratio of N ₃ to N ₁ is a non-positive integer.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of battery cells constitute a plurality of battery strings, each of the battery strings comprising a first cell and a last cell connected in series, the first cell and the last cell being two battery cells located at both ends of the corresponding battery string, and the first cell and the last cell are both chamfered cells.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the chamfered side edge of the first piece is located on a side of the first piece away from the tail piece, and the chamfered side edge of the tail piece is located on a side of the tail piece away from the first piece.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of battery cells constitute a plurality of battery strings, at least one of the plurality of battery strings includes at least one first battery cell and at least one second battery cell, the first battery cell includes a plurality of the battery cells, the second battery cell includes at least one battery cell, and the number of battery cells in the second battery cell is less than the number of battery cells in the first battery cell.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the plurality of battery cells of the first battery unit include a first battery cell and a second battery cell, and both the first battery cell and the second battery cell are chamfered cells.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the chamfered side of the first cell is located on a side of the first cell away from the second cell, and the chamfered side of the second cell is located on a side of the second cell away from the first cell.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the chamfered sides of the first battery cell and the second battery cell are both located on the same side of the battery string in the string extension direction.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the plurality of battery cells of the first battery unit further include: at least one third battery cell, the third battery cell is located between the first battery cell and the second battery cell, and the third battery cell is a non-chamfered cell.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the battery cell of the second battery unit is arranged on the same side of all the first battery units along the extending direction of the string; or the second battery unit is arranged between two adjacent first battery units.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the battery sheet of the second battery unit is a chamfered sheet.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of the battery cells constitute a plurality of battery strings, and all of the battery cells in at least one of the battery strings are non-chamfered cells.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the lengths and widths of all the battery cells are respectively equal.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, N ₁ satisfies: N ₁ ≥3.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the areas of all the battery cells are equal.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of battery cells constitute a plurality of battery strings, a plurality of battery strings constitute at least one first battery string group and at least one second battery string group, the first battery string group and the second battery string group are connected in series, and the first battery string group and the second battery string group are arranged along a string arrangement direction, the first battery string group includes a plurality of sub-string groups connected in parallel, a plurality of sub-string groups of the same first battery string group are arranged along a string extension direction perpendicular to the string arrangement direction, each sub-string group includes a plurality of battery strings connected in series and arranged along the string arrangement direction, the second battery string group includes two battery strings connected in parallel and arranged along the string extension direction, and each battery string includes a plurality of battery cells arranged along the string extension direction.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the two battery strings of the second battery string group are respectively a first battery string and a second battery string, and a lead bus bar is connected to an end of the first battery string away from the second battery string and an end of the second battery string away from the first battery string.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the lead bus bar is located in a gap between the second battery string group and the first battery string group adjacent to the second battery string group; or the lead bus bar is located on the back side of the battery cell of the corresponding second battery string group.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the number of the battery strings along the string arrangement direction is N ₄ , wherein N ₄ satisfies: 4≤N ₄ ≤6.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the number of the battery cells in each battery string is N ₅ , wherein N ₅ satisfies: 13≤N ₅ ≤17.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of battery cells constitute a plurality of battery strings, each of the battery strings comprises a plurality of battery cells connected in series, and a distance between two adjacent sides of two adjacent battery cells of the battery string is D, wherein D satisfies: -0.2mm≤D≤0.9mm.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the length of the battery cell is L, wherein L satisfies: 182 mm ≤ L ≤ 250 mm.

Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic cell layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery string of the photovoltaic module shown in FIG1 ;

FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first battery cell of the battery string shown in FIG2 ;

FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of two ends of the photovoltaic module shown in FIG1 ;

FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of the middle portion of the photovoltaic assembly shown in FIG1 ;

FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery string of the photovoltaic module shown in FIG6 ;

FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of a first battery cell of the battery string shown in FIG7 ;

FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic assembly according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery string of the photovoltaic module shown in FIG9 ;

FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic assembly according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery string of the photovoltaic module shown in FIG11;

FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a circuit of a photovoltaic assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery string of a photovoltaic assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

100: Photovoltaic modules;

10: front cover; 20: back cover; 30: photovoltaic cell layer;

40: front encapsulation film; 50: back encapsulation film;

1: battery string; 11: battery cell; 12: first battery unit;

121: first battery cell; 122: second battery cell;

123: third battery cell; 13: second battery cell;

14: first piece; 15: last piece;

2: first battery string group; 21: sub-string group; 3: second battery string group;

31: first battery string; 32: second battery string; 33: lead bus bar;

4: Busbar; 5: Interconnection structure.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. The embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary. Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.

The photovoltaic assembly 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 15 .

As shown in FIG. 15 , a photovoltaic module 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a photovoltaic cell layer 30 , a front cover plate 10 , a front encapsulation film 40 , a back cover plate 20 and a back encapsulation film 50 .

As shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 6 , FIG. 9 , FIG. 11 and FIG. 13 , the photovoltaic cell layer 30 includes a plurality of cells 11 , the ratio of the maximum length to the maximum width of each cell 11 is N ₁ , and the number of cells 11 in the photovoltaic module 100 is N ₂ , wherein the ratio of N ₂ to N ₁ is a non-positive integer. In the description of the present invention, “plurality” means two or more. For example, in the examples of FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 , the total number of cells 11 in the entire photovoltaic module 100 is 130. For example, when N ₁ =3, the cell 11 can be a complete cell cut into three equal parts in a direction parallel to the secondary grid line, at which time the maximum length of each cell 11 is equal to the side length of the complete cell, and the maximum width of each cell 11 can be one-third of the side length of the complete cell, and the number of complete cells in the entire photovoltaic module 100 is approximately 43.33. Compared with 43 complete cells, the light-receiving area of the photovoltaic module 100 can be increased, thereby effectively improving the output power of the photovoltaic module 100; compared with 44 complete cells, the size of the photovoltaic module 100 can be reduced, so that when the size of the cell 11 is larger (for example, 210mm), the frame stress can be reduced, thereby effectively reducing the load risk and reducing the difficulty of installation and transportation of the photovoltaic module 100.

Therefore, by making the ratio of _N2 to _N1 a non-positive integer, the number of complete cells of the photovoltaic module 100 can be a non-integer. Compared with the existing photovoltaic modules, when the size of the cell 11 is larger, while the output power of the photovoltaic module 100 is effectively improved, the size of the photovoltaic module 100 can be relatively reduced, thereby reducing the load risk and installation difficulty of the photovoltaic module 100.

The front cover plate 10 is arranged on the front of the photovoltaic cell layer 30, the front encapsulation film 40 is connected between the front cover plate 10 and the front of the photovoltaic cell layer 30, the back cover plate 20 is arranged on the back of the photovoltaic cell layer 30, and the back encapsulation film 50 is connected between the back cover plate 20 and the back of the photovoltaic cell layer 30. For example, in the example of FIG. 15, the front cover plate 10 is arranged above the photovoltaic cell layer 30, and the back cover plate 20 is arranged below the photovoltaic cell layer 30. Along the direction from the front cover plate 10 to the back cover plate 20, the photovoltaic module can be the front cover plate 10, the front encapsulation film 40, the photovoltaic cell layer 30, the back encapsulation film 50 and the back cover plate 20 in sequence. When making a photovoltaic module, firstly, the front cover plate 10, the front encapsulation film 40, the photovoltaic cell layer 30, the back encapsulation film 50 and the back cover plate 20 are arranged in sequence to complete the pre-lamination preparation of the photovoltaic module. Then, the laminated five-layer structure including the front cover plate 10, the front packaging film 40, the photovoltaic cell layer 30, the back packaging film 50 and the back cover plate 20 is subjected to vacuum heating lamination, and the front packaging film 40 and the back packaging film 50 are cross-linked and cured to protect the photovoltaic cell layer 30, thereby finally achieving a secure bonding of the five-layer structure (i.e., the front cover plate 10, the front packaging film 40, the photovoltaic cell layer 30, the back packaging film 50 and the back cover plate 20).

According to the photovoltaic module 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, by making the ratio of the number _N2 of the battery cells 11 of the photovoltaic module 100 and the ratio _N1 of the maximum length to the maximum width of each battery cell 11 a non-positive integer, the number of complete battery cells of the entire photovoltaic module 100 can be a non-integer, and the size of the photovoltaic module 100 can be reduced when the size of the battery cell 11 is large, thereby reducing the load risk of the photovoltaic module 100 while improving the output power of the photovoltaic module 100, and making the transportation and installation of the photovoltaic module 100 more convenient.

Further, the ratio of _N2 to _N1 is n, where n satisfies: 34＜n＜68. In this way, by making the number of complete cells a non-positive integer between 34 and 68, the layout of multiple cells 11 can be more reasonable, so that the size of the photovoltaic module 100 can be further reduced, which is conducive to reducing the space occupied by the entire photovoltaic module 100, and then the load risk of the photovoltaic module 100 can be effectively reduced while the output power of the photovoltaic module 100 is increased, and the transportation and installation of the photovoltaic module 100 are more convenient. In addition, the number of complete cells is relatively reasonable, which can ensure that the photovoltaic module 100 has a larger output power.

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 6, FIG. 9, FIG. 11 and FIG. 13, a plurality of battery cells 11 constitute a plurality of battery strings 1, each battery string 1 includes N ₃ battery cells 11 connected in series, wherein the ratio of N ₃ to N ₁ is a non-positive integer. For example, 10 battery strings 1 are shown in the examples of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, and each battery string 1 includes 13 battery cells 11. When the battery cell 11 is one-third of a complete battery cell, the number of complete battery cells in each battery string 1 is about 4.33. Compared with the number of complete battery cells in the battery string 1 being 4, the light receiving area of the battery string 1 can be increased, thereby effectively improving the output power of the entire photovoltaic module 100; compared with the number of complete battery cells being 5, the size of the battery string 1 can be reduced, thereby facilitating the reduction of the size of the entire photovoltaic module 100, and when the size of the battery cell 11 is large (e.g., 210 mm), the frame stress can be reduced, and the load risk and installation difficulty can be further reduced. Optionally, each battery cell 11 may be a complete battery cell cut by a non-destructive cutting technique to reduce process cracks and lamination cracks.

Therefore, by making the ratio of _N3 to _N1 a non-positive integer, the number of complete battery cells in each battery string 1 can be a non-integer, which is beneficial to reducing the size of the battery string 1 when the size of the battery cell 11 is large, thereby further reducing the frame stress of the photovoltaic module 100, and effectively improving the long-term reliability of the photovoltaic module 100.

In some embodiments of the present invention, in combination with Figures 2 to 5, 7, 10 and 14, each battery string 1 includes a first piece 14 and a tail piece 15 connected in series, and the first piece 14 and the tail piece 15 are two battery pieces 11 located at both ends of the corresponding battery string 1, and the first piece 14 and the tail piece 15 are both chamfered pieces. It should be noted that the above-mentioned "chamfered piece" can be understood as a battery piece 11 with a chamfer; "non-chamfered piece" can be understood as a battery piece 11 without a chamfer, in which case the four corners of the battery piece 11 can all be right angles. Among them, a plurality of intermediate pieces can be provided between the first piece 14 and the tail piece 15, and the plurality of intermediate pieces can all be non-chamfered pieces; or, the plurality of intermediate pieces can all be chamfered pieces; of course, it can also be that a part of the plurality of intermediate pieces are non-chamfered pieces, and another part of the plurality of intermediate pieces are chamfered pieces.

Therefore, since the edge surface of the silicon wafer may have sharp edges, burrs, broken edges, and even cracks or other defects after cutting, the edge surface is relatively rough. By making the first piece 14 and the tail piece 15 both chamfered pieces, the first piece 14 and the tail piece 15 can have chamfers, which can improve the mechanical strength of the edge surfaces of the first piece 14 and the tail piece 15, and the chamfer setting can avoid stress concentration at the corresponding corners of the first piece 14 and the tail piece 15, thereby reducing the risk of the first piece 14 and the tail piece 15 breaking.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 5 and FIG. 14, the chamfered side of the first sheet 14 is located on the side of the first sheet 14 away from the tail sheet 15, and the chamfered side of the tail sheet 15 is located on the side of the tail sheet 15 away from the first sheet 14. For example, in the examples of FIG. 2-FIG. 5, FIG. 7 and FIG. 10, the cell 11 is cut from a complete cell, the chamfered side of the cell 11 is the non-cut side, and the side of the cell 11 without the chamfer is the cut side of the cell 11. The first sheet 14 and the tail sheet 15 are both connected to the corresponding bus bar 4 through an interconnection structure 5 such as a welding strip. Thus, through the above arrangement, the chamfered sides of the first sheet 14 and the tail sheet 15 can face the corresponding bus bar 4, thereby reducing the cracks before and after lamination caused by the interconnection structure 5 such as the welding strip being forced to contact the cut side of the cell 11 during the welding process with the bus bar 4, and the reliability of the photovoltaic module 100 can be effectively improved.

Among them, the above-mentioned "interconnection structural member 5" can be a metal conductive wire commonly used in the photovoltaic field, and the material can be copper wire, or tin-plated copper wire, or a conductive wire with a low-temperature alloy coated on the surface, such as a low-temperature welding strip or bus bar plated with metals such as nickel and lead.

Optionally, two adjacent battery cells 11 of each battery string 1 may be connected by an interconnection structure 5. The interconnection structure 5 may include a flat section and a non-flat section connected to each other, the flat section is connected to the back of the battery cell 11, and the non-flat section is connected to the front of the adjacent battery cell 11. For example, the cross-sectional shape of the non-flat section may be triangular or circular. Thus, the interconnection structure 5 configured in this way can reduce the shielding of the front of the battery cell 11 while realizing the series connection between the two adjacent battery cells 11, thereby effectively increasing the light receiving area of the battery cell 11.

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 9 and Fig. 10, at least one of the plurality of battery strings 1 includes at least one first battery unit 12 and at least one second battery unit 13, the first battery unit 12 includes a plurality of battery cells 11, the second battery unit 13 includes at least one battery cell 11, and the number of battery cells 11 of the second battery unit 13 is less than the number of battery cells 11 of the first battery unit 12. For example, in the examples of Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 9, Fig. 10 and Fig. 14, the second battery unit 13 includes one battery cell 11. Therefore, by setting the above-mentioned first battery unit 12 and second battery unit 13, the number of first battery units 12 is large, so that the light-receiving area of the entire battery string 1 is larger, thereby increasing the output power of the photovoltaic module 100; the number of second battery units 13 is small, on the one hand, the light-receiving area of the battery string 1 can be further increased to ensure that the photovoltaic module 100 has a larger output power, and on the other hand, the size of the entire battery string 1 can be relatively small, thereby reducing the risk of glass load falling off the frame and facilitating the installation and transportation of the photovoltaic module 100.

In a further embodiment of the present invention, in combination with Figures 1, 2, 6, 7, 9 and 10, the plurality of cells 11 of the first battery unit 12 include a first cell 121 and a second cell 122, and both the first cell 121 and the second cell 122 are chamfered cells. Thus, since both the first cell 121 and the second cell 122 are chamfered cells, the structural strength of the first cell 121 and the second cell 122 can be improved, and one of the sides of the first cell 121 and the second cell 122 can be a non-cut side. When the first cell 121 and the second cell 122 are welded to the interconnection structure 5, the connection strength between the first cell 121 and the second cell 122 and the interconnection structure 5 can be improved, thereby effectively improving the long-term reliability of the photovoltaic module 100.

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIGS. 1-3 and 6-8, the chamfered side of the first battery cell 121 is located on the side of the first battery cell 121 away from the second battery cell 122, and the chamfered side of the second battery cell 122 is located on the side of the second battery cell 122 away from the first battery cell 121. Thus, the four chamfers of the first battery unit 12 can be located on the side of the corresponding first battery cell 121 and the second battery cell 122 away from the center of the first battery unit 12, respectively, so that the overall appearance of the first battery unit 12 is roughly the same as the appearance of the existing complete battery cell, thereby improving the integrity of the first battery unit 12. Moreover, when the number of battery cells 11 in the battery string 1 is large, due to the high integrity of the first battery cell 12, the specific number of the first battery cell 12 can be intuitively observed, so that the number of battery cells 11 in the battery string 1 can be obtained. In addition, the side of the first battery cell 121 without chamfers can be opposite to the side of the second battery cell 122 without chamfers, so that the alignment of the first battery cell 121 and the second battery cell 122 can be ensured by aligning the opposite sides of the first battery cell 121 and the second battery cell 122, and when there are multiple first battery cells 12, the alignment of two adjacent first battery cells 12 can be ensured by aligning the opposite sides with chamfers of two adjacent first battery cells 12, so that the arrangement of all the battery cells 11 of the battery string 1 can be more neat.

Of course, the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments of the present invention, in combination with FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 , the chamfered sides of the first battery cell 121 and the second battery cell 122 are both located on the same side of the battery string 1 in the direction in which the battery string extends. For example, in the examples of FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 , all battery cells 11 of the battery string 1 are chamfered sheets, and the chamfered sides of all battery cells 11 are both located on the same side of the battery string 1 in the direction in which the battery string extends. Thus, through the above arrangement, the chamfered directions of the first battery cell 121 and the second battery cell 122 of at least one first battery cell 12 of at least one battery string 1 can be consistent, so that the arrangement of the first battery cell 121 and the second battery cell 122 of the corresponding first battery cell 12 is more neat and regular, and the aesthetics of the corresponding first battery cell 12 can be improved.

In a further embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1-3 , the plurality of battery cells 11 of the first battery unit 12 further include at least one third battery cell 123, the third battery cell 123 is located between the first battery cell 121 and the second battery cell 122, and the third battery cell 123 is a non-chamfered cell. For example, in the examples of FIGS. 1-3 , a third battery cell 123 is shown, and the first battery cell 121, the second battery cell 122, and the third battery cell 123 can be cut from the same complete battery cell, and the first battery cell 121, the second battery cell 122, and the third battery cell 123 constitute a complete battery cell.

Thus, by providing the third cell sheet 123, the four corners of the third cell sheet 123 do not need to be chamfered. On the one hand, the production efficiency of the third cell sheet 123 can be effectively improved; on the other hand, the area of the non-chamfered sheet of the same size (for example, the same length and width) is larger, thereby increasing the light receiving area of the third cell sheet 123, so that the third cell sheet 123 can generate a larger current through the photovoltaic effect, and the size of the non-chamfered sheet of the same area (for example, length and width) can be relatively small, thereby reducing the occupied space of the third cell sheet 123, so that the battery string 1 can accommodate a larger number of cells 11, thereby improving the output power of the photovoltaic module 100. Moreover, when the chamfering directions of the first cell sheet 121 and the second cell sheet 122 of the same first battery unit 12 are consistent, the integrity appearance of the complete cell sheet can be maintained. In addition, when the first battery cell 121, the second battery cell 122 and the third battery cell 123 are cut from the same complete battery cell, there is no need to sort the battery cell 11, and welding can be performed directly after cutting, thereby effectively reducing the processing steps, simplifying the production process of the battery string 1, and providing convenience in automatic welding procedures and processes.

Optionally, referring to FIG2 and FIG7 , the battery cells 11 of the second battery unit 13 may be arranged on the same side of all the first battery units 12 along the string extension direction. For example, in the examples of FIG2 and FIG7 , the battery cells 11 of the second battery unit 13 are located at the end of the corresponding battery string 1. In this way, the arrangement of the first battery unit 12 and the second battery unit 13 is relatively regular, thereby facilitating the processing of the entire battery string 1.

Alternatively, in conjunction with FIG14 , the cells 11 of the second battery unit 13 may also be arranged on both sides of all the first battery units 12 along the string extension direction. For example, in the example of FIG14 , the second battery unit 13 may include two cells 11, the two cells 11 are the first cell 14 and the last cell 15, and the two cells 11 are located at both ends of the corresponding battery string 1. Such an arrangement can effectively avoid the generation of cracks in the first cell 14 and the last cell 15 of the battery string 1, thereby improving the long-term reliability of the photovoltaic module 100.

Of course, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the second battery unit 13 may also be disposed between two adjacent first battery units 12, in which case the second battery unit 13 is located in the middle of the corresponding battery string 1. It is understood that the specific location of the second battery unit 13 may be determined according to actual needs to better meet practical applications.

In some embodiments of the present invention, in combination with Figures 1, 2, 6, 7, 9 and 10, the battery cell 11 of the second battery unit 13 is a chamfered sheet. At this time, the chamfering direction of the battery cell 11 of the second battery unit 13 can be the same as or opposite to the chamfering direction of the adjacent chamfered sheet. Therefore, since the battery cell 11 of the second battery unit 13 is a chamfered sheet, the mechanical strength of the edge surface of the battery cell 11 of the second battery unit 13 can be improved, and the chamfering setting can avoid stress concentration at the corresponding corners of the battery cell 11 of the second battery unit 13, thereby reducing the risk of the battery cell 11 of the second battery unit 13 cracking.

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 , all the cells 11 of at least one cell string 1 are non-chamfered cells. Thus, through the above arrangement, all the cells 11 of the at least one cell string 1 do not need to be chamfered, which can effectively shorten the processing time and improve the production efficiency of the at least one cell string 1. Moreover, since the size (such as length and width) of the non-chamfered cells of the same area can be relatively small, the occupied space of the at least one cell string 1 can be reduced, so that the at least one cell string 1 can accommodate a larger number of third cells 123, thereby improving the output power of the photovoltaic module 100.

Optionally, in combination with FIG. 1 , FIG. 6 , FIG. 9 and FIG. 11 , the length and width of all the cells 11 are respectively equal. That is, the lengths of all the cells 11 are equal, and the widths of all the cells 11 are equal. Thus, all the cells 11 can be cut from complete cells of the same size, making processing more convenient. Moreover, the arrangement of all the cells 11 of the photovoltaic module 100 is more neat and regular, thereby effectively improving the aesthetics of the entire photovoltaic module 100.

In some optional embodiments of the present invention, N ₁ satisfies: N ₁ ≥ 3. With such a configuration, the width of the cell 11 can be smaller, and a plurality of cells 11 can be arranged regularly and relatively closely, which can further reduce the size of the photovoltaic module 100, which is beneficial to reduce the space occupied by the entire photovoltaic module 100, facilitate the installation and transportation of the photovoltaic module 100, and make the weight of the entire photovoltaic module 100 smaller, so that the photovoltaic module 100 can be installed on the roof. Moreover, compared with the use of complete cells, complete cells with appearance defects can be cut and reused, which can effectively reduce costs. In addition, the cell 11 configured in this way can reduce the internal loss of the photovoltaic module 100, thereby increasing the output power of the photovoltaic module 100 and helping to reduce the cost per watt.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 6 , FIG. 9 and FIG. 11 , the areas of all the battery cells 11 may be equal. In this case, all the battery cells 11 may be chamfered sheets (as shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 9 ) or non-chamfered sheets (as shown in FIG. 11 ); or, a portion of the plurality of battery cells 11 may be chamfered sheets, and another portion of the plurality of battery cells 11 may be non-chamfered sheets (as shown in FIG. 1 ).

Thus, the light receiving areas of all the cells 11 can be equal, so that the currents generated by all the cells 11 through the photovoltaic effect can be equal, which can effectively avoid current mismatch and effectively improve the output power of the photovoltaic module 100.

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 13 , a plurality of battery strings 1 constitute at least one first battery string group 2 and at least one second battery string group 3, the first battery string group 2 and the second battery string group 3 are connected in series, and the first battery string group 2 and the second battery string group 3 are arranged along the string arrangement direction, the first battery string group 2 includes a plurality of sub-string groups 21 connected in parallel, and the plurality of sub-string groups 21 of the same first battery string group 2 are arranged along the string extension direction perpendicular to the string arrangement direction, each sub-string group 21 includes a plurality of battery strings 1 connected in series and arranged along the string arrangement direction, the second battery string group 3 includes two battery strings 1 connected in parallel and arranged along the string extension direction, and each battery string 1 includes a plurality of battery cells 11 arranged along the string extension direction. Thus, the circuit design of the photovoltaic module 100 is simple and easy to implement. Moreover, the setting of the second battery string group 3 can reduce the width of the entire photovoltaic module 100, the width of the glass can be smaller, the glass manufacturing process can be simplified, and the load risk of the photovoltaic module 100 can be further reduced, and the installation and transportation of the photovoltaic module 100 can be facilitated.

In a further embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG13 , the two battery strings 1 of the second battery string group 3 are respectively a first battery string 31 and a second battery string 32, and a lead bus bar 33 is connected to one end of the first battery string 31 away from the second battery string 32 and one end of the second battery string 32 away from the first battery string 31. Thus, by providing the lead bus bar 33, the lead bus bar 33 can be used to transmit current without affecting the overall occupied space of the battery cell 11.

In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the lead bus bar 33 may be located in the gap between the second battery string group 3 and the first battery string group 2 adjacent to the second battery string group 3. For example, in conjunction with FIG13, during the layout process of the photovoltaic module 100, a certain space will be reserved for the lead bus bar 33, and the lead bus bar 33 is equivalent to a string of battery strings 1 in the photovoltaic module 100. The photovoltaic module 100 does not need to be arranged on the back of the battery cell 11, and there is no overlapping area between the battery cell 11, and there is no need to set an insulating layer. As a result, the lead bus bar 33 and the adjacent battery string 1 can be arranged at intervals, which can avoid short circuits, leakage, etc., and there is no need to set an insulating layer, which greatly simplifies the process, eliminates the laying and insulation process of the lead bus bar 33, and can reduce the risk of battery cell 11 cracking.

Of course, the present invention is not limited to this. In other optional embodiments of the present invention, the lead bus bar 33 can be located on the back of the battery cell 11 of the corresponding second battery string group 3. For example, at this time, the battery cell 11 of the second battery string group 3 can be pre-set with a layer of adhesive film to prevent lamination cracking. Among them, the material of the adhesive film layer can be EVA (ethylene-vinylacetate copolymer, a general polymer with a molecular formula of (C ₂ H ₄ )x.(C ₄ H ₆ O ₂ )y, flammable, and non-irritating burning odor) or ECPC (E-COATING AND POWEDER-COATING, electrophoresis + spraying process), etc. But not limited to this. In this way, the lead bus bar 33 does not need to occupy the space between two adjacent battery strings 1, so that the width of the photovoltaic module 100 can be further reduced, so that the transportation and installation of the photovoltaic module 100 can be more convenient.

In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the number of battery strings 1 along the string arrangement direction is N ₄ , wherein N ₄ satisfies: 4≤N ₄ ≤6. Specifically, for example, in the examples of FIG. 1 , FIG. 6 , FIG. 9 , FIG. 11 and FIG. 13 , N ₄ =5. When N ₄ <4, the number of battery strings 1 is too small, which may result in a small total number of battery cells 11 of the photovoltaic module 100, affecting the output power of the photovoltaic module 100; when N ₄ >6, the number of battery strings 1 is too large, and when the size of the battery cell 11 is large (for example, up to 210 mm), the glass width of the photovoltaic module 100 may be too large, which not only brings difficulties to the glass manufacturing process, but also reduces the load capacity of the photovoltaic module 100 and increases the risk of the load of the photovoltaic module 100 coming off the frame. Therefore, by making N ₄ satisfy: 4≤N ₄ ≤6, the number of battery strings 1 is more reasonable, and while ensuring that the photovoltaic module 100 has a larger output power, the glass width of the photovoltaic module 100 is not too large, thereby having no adverse effect on the cost of the glass.

In some optional embodiments of the present invention, in combination with FIG. 1 , FIG. 6 , FIG. 9 , FIG. 11 and FIG. 13 , the number of cells 11 in each cell string 1 is N ₅ , wherein N ₅ satisfies: 13≤N ₅ ≤17. For example, in the examples of FIG. 1 , FIG. 6 , FIG. 9 , FIG. 11 and FIG. 13 , N ₅ =13. Since the cell string 1 usually needs to be protected by a bypass diode for hot spot protection, the conventional bypass diode is limited by its reverse withstand voltage capability, and the maximum number of cells 11 that can be protected does not exceed the upper limit value. The number of cells 11 in the cell string 1 needs to be matched according to the bypass diode to avoid the situation that the number of cells 11 in the cell string 1 is too large and the voltage is too high, resulting in the risk of breakdown of the bypass diode. Therefore, by making the number of cells 11 in the cell string 1 N ₅ satisfy: 13≤N ₅ ≤17, while effectively improving the use safety of the bypass diode in the photovoltaic module 100, the bypass diode can be fully utilized, thereby effectively reducing the cost.

In some optional embodiments of the present invention, each battery string 1 includes a plurality of battery cells 11 connected in series, and the distance between the two adjacent sides of two adjacent battery cells 11 of the battery string 1 is D, wherein D satisfies: -0.2mm ≤D≤0.9mm. For example, when -0.2mm≤D＜0mm, the ends of two adjacent battery cells 11 along the extension direction of the string overlap, and the width of the overlapping portion of the ends of the two adjacent battery cells 11 is |D| (i.e., 0mm-0.2mm); when 0mm＜D≤0.9mm, the two adjacent battery cells 11 are arranged at intervals, and the minimum distance between the two adjacent battery cells 11 is D (i.e., 0mm-0.9mm). Therefore, by making D satisfy: -0.2mm≤D≤0.9mm, the distance between two adjacent battery cells 11 is smaller, so that the photovoltaic module 100 of the same size can accommodate more battery cells 11, effectively improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency per unit area of the photovoltaic module 100, and further improving the output power of the photovoltaic module 100.

In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the length of the cell 11 is L, where L satisfies: 182mm≤L≤250mm. This arrangement can ensure that the cell 11 has a larger light receiving area, thereby increasing the output power of the photovoltaic module 100 and reducing the manufacturing cost per watt.

Other structures and operations of the photovoltaic assembly 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (16)

1. A photovoltaic module, comprising: A photovoltaic cell layer, wherein the photovoltaic cell layer comprises a plurality of cells, wherein the ratio of the maximum length to the maximum width of each cell is N ₁ , the number of cells of the photovoltaic module is N ₂ , wherein the ratio of N ₂ to N ₁ is a non-positive integer, the plurality of cells constitute a plurality of cell strings, each of the cell strings comprises N ₃ cells connected in series, wherein the ratio of N ₃ to N ₁ is a non-positive integer, At least one of the plurality of battery strings comprises at least one first battery cell and at least one second battery cell, the first battery cell comprises a plurality of battery sheets, the plurality of battery sheets of the first battery cell comprises a first battery sheet, a second battery sheet and at least one third battery sheet, the first battery sheet and the second battery sheet are both chamfered sheets, the chamfered side of the first battery sheet is located on a side of the first battery sheet away from the second battery sheet, the chamfered side of the second battery sheet is located on a side of the second battery sheet away from the first battery sheet, the third battery sheet is located between the first battery sheet and the second battery sheet, and the third battery sheet is a non-chamfered sheet; the second battery cell comprises at least one battery sheet, the number of the battery sheets of the second battery cell is less than the number of the battery sheets of the first battery cell, the battery sheets of the second battery cell are arranged on the same side of all the first battery cells along the extension direction of the string, or the battery sheets of the second battery cell are respectively arranged on both sides of all the first battery cells along the extension direction of the string, or the second battery cell is arranged between two adjacent first battery cells; A front cover plate, the front cover plate being arranged on the front side of the photovoltaic cell layer; A front packaging film, the front packaging film being connected between the front cover plate and the front surface of the photovoltaic cell layer; A back cover plate, the back cover plate being arranged on the back side of the photovoltaic cell layer; A back side encapsulation adhesive film is connected between the back side cover plate and the back side of the photovoltaic cell layer. 2 . The photovoltaic module according to claim 1 , wherein the ratio of N ₂ to N ₁ is n, wherein n satisfies: 34＜n＜68. 3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1 is characterized in that each of the battery strings includes a first piece and a tail piece connected in series, the first piece and the tail piece are two battery pieces located at two ends of the corresponding battery string, and the first piece and the tail piece are both chamfered pieces. 4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that the chamfered side of the first piece is located on a side of the first piece away from the tail piece, and the chamfered side of the tail piece is located on a side of the tail piece away from the first piece. The photovoltaic assembly according to claim 1 , wherein the cell sheet of the second cell unit is a chamfered sheet. 6 . The photovoltaic assembly according to claim 1 , wherein all of the battery cells in at least one battery string are non-chamfered cells. 7 . The photovoltaic module according to claim 1 , wherein the lengths and widths of all the solar cells are respectively equal. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that the N ₁ satisfies: N ₁ ≥ 3. 9 . The photovoltaic module according to claim 1 , wherein the areas of all the solar cells are equal. 10. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a plurality of the battery strings constitute at least one first battery string group and at least one second battery string group, the first battery string group and the second battery string group are connected in series, and the first battery string group and the second battery string group are arranged along a string arrangement direction, the first battery string group includes a plurality of sub-string groups connected in parallel, a plurality of the sub-string groups of the same first battery string group are arranged along a string extension direction perpendicular to the string arrangement direction, each of the sub-string groups includes a plurality of the battery strings connected in series and arranged along the string arrangement direction, the second battery string group includes two battery strings connected in parallel and arranged along the string extension direction, and each of the battery strings includes a plurality of the battery cells arranged along the string extension direction. 11. The photovoltaic module according to claim 10, characterized in that the two battery strings of the second battery string group are respectively a first battery string and a second battery string, and a lead bus bar is connected between an end of the first battery string away from the second battery string and an end of the second battery string away from the first battery string. 12. The photovoltaic assembly according to claim 11, characterized in that the lead bus bar is located in a gap between the second battery string group and the first battery string group adjacent to the second battery string group; or The lead bus bar is located on the back side of the battery cell of the corresponding second battery string group. 13 . The photovoltaic module according to claim 10 , wherein the number of the battery strings along the string arrangement direction is N ₄ , wherein N ₄ satisfies: 4≤N ₄ ≤6. 14 . The photovoltaic module according to claim 10 , wherein the number of the battery cells in each battery string is N ₅ , wherein N ₅ satisfies: 13≤N ₅ ≤17. 15. The photovoltaic assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that each of the battery strings comprises a plurality of the battery cells connected in series, and the distance between two adjacent sides of two adjacent battery cells of the battery string is D, wherein D satisfies: -0.2 mm ≤ D ≤ 0.9 mm. 16. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the length of the cell is L, wherein L satisfies: 182 mm ≤ L ≤ 250 mm.