CN115165191B - Nondestructive testing equipment and method for residual stress of aluminum alloy - Google Patents
Nondestructive testing equipment and method for residual stress of aluminum alloyInfo
- Publication number
- CN115165191B CN115165191B CN202210846459.8A CN202210846459A CN115165191B CN 115165191 B CN115165191 B CN 115165191B CN 202210846459 A CN202210846459 A CN 202210846459A CN 115165191 B CN115165191 B CN 115165191B
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- transmission
- aluminum alloy
- unloading
- residual stress
- discharge
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0047—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes measuring forces due to residual stresses
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G13/00—Roller-ways
- B65G13/02—Roller-ways having driven rollers
- B65G13/06—Roller driving means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G47/00—Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
- B65G47/74—Feeding, transfer, or discharging devices of particular kinds or types
- B65G47/82—Rotary or reciprocating members for direct action on articles or materials, e.g. pushers, rakes, shovels
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Rollers For Roller Conveyors For Transfer (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the field of stress detection technology, in particular to aluminum alloy residual stress nondestructive detection equipment and method, wherein the equipment comprises a transmission mechanism for transmitting aluminum alloy profiles, a detector for detecting residual stress and a control mechanism for controlling the position of the detector, the transmission mechanism comprises a transmission bracket, a plurality of transmission rollers rotatably connected to the transmission bracket and a transmission driving piece for simultaneously driving the transmission rollers to rotate, the transmission rollers are parallel to each other, the control mechanism comprises an X-axis sliding piece and a Z-axis sliding piece fixedly connected to the sliding end of the X-axis sliding piece, the X-axis sliding piece is arranged on the transmission bracket, a sliding path of the sliding end of the X-axis sliding piece is positioned above the transmission rollers, the detector is arranged at the sliding end of the Z-axis sliding piece, and the sliding path of the sliding end of the X-axis sliding piece is parallel to the transmission rollers. The application can detect the residual stress of the aluminum alloy section relatively comprehensively and conveniently.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of stress detection technology, in particular to nondestructive testing equipment and method for residual stress of an aluminum alloy.
Background
Residual stress is self-balancing internal stress that remains in the object after the action of external forces or inhomogeneous temperature fields, etc. Residual stresses can be created by both machining and strengthening processes, such as cold drawing, bending, cutting, extrusion, casting, forging, etc., as well as by non-uniform plastic deformation or transformation. In the production of aluminum alloy sections, at present, metal is mainly smelted and molded into round cast bars, then an extruder is adopted to extrude and mold the round cast bars into required sections through a grinding tool, and finally the production of the aluminum alloy sections is completed after surface anti-corrosion treatment.
However, because the aluminum alloy is extruded by the round cast rod in the forming process, the aluminum alloy profile can generate certain residual stress due to uneven temperature of each part of a plastic deformation area and uneven flow of each part of the round cast rod in the extrusion forming process. The generation of residual stress may lead to the possibility of slow deformation, cracking or even fracture during use. Therefore, in the production of aluminum alloy profiles, residual stress detection is required for the aluminum alloy profiles to reduce the possibility that unqualified products with excessive residual stress flow into the market.
In the prior art, the detection of residual stress is mainly carried out by adopting a blind hole method or a vibrating wire type strain gauge, but the aluminum alloy section is damaged by adopting the blind hole, and the strain gauge is installed and the period is needed, so that the existing residual stress detection mainly adopts a nondestructive stress detection method.
The existing nondestructive stress detection method mainly comprises a magnetic detection method, a pulse eddy current detection method, an X-ray detection method and an ultrasonic detection method, and currently, the aluminum alloy section is mainly subjected to the X-ray detection method or the ultrasonic detection method, for example, an X-ray residual stress analyzer or an ultrasonic residual stress detector is used for detecting residual stress. However, when the X-ray residual stress analyzer or the ultrasonic residual stress detector is used for detecting the residual stress at present, the length of the aluminum alloy section is relatively long, so that the aluminum alloy section is usually detected at the taking point of the aluminum alloy section for optimizing the production efficiency, so that more dead zones exist in the aluminum alloy section without detecting the residual stress, and the accuracy of detecting the residual stress is relatively low.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to be capable of detecting the residual stress of the aluminum alloy section relatively conveniently and comprehensively, the application provides nondestructive testing equipment and method for the residual stress of the aluminum alloy.
The application provides nondestructive testing equipment and method for residual stress of aluminum alloy, which adopts the following technical scheme:
In a first aspect, the application provides nondestructive testing equipment for residual stress of an aluminum alloy, which adopts the following technical scheme:
The utility model provides an aluminum alloy residual stress nondestructive test equipment, includes the transport mechanism who is used for transmitting aluminum alloy section bar, is used for detecting the detector of residual stress and the control mechanism who is used for controlling the detector position, transport mechanism includes transmission support, a plurality of rotation are connected in the transmission roller of transmission support and are used for driving a plurality of transmission roller pivoted transmission driving piece simultaneously, and is a plurality of the transmission roller is parallel to each other, control mechanism includes X axle slider and fixed connection in X axle slider sliding end's Z axle slider, X axle slider sets up in transmission support, just X axle slider sliding end's sliding path is located the top of a plurality of transmission rollers, the detector sets up in Z axle slider sliding end, X axle slider sliding end's sliding path is parallel to the transmission roller.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the aluminum alloy profile is detected, the aluminum alloy profile is only required to be placed on a plurality of transmission rollers, then the detection end of the detector is controlled to be positioned above the aluminum alloy profile through the X-axis sliding piece and the Z-axis sliding piece, the transmission driving piece drives the plurality of transmission rollers to rotate simultaneously, the detection area can be arranged in an omnibearing manner for the aluminum alloy profile, the relatively comprehensive detection is completed, meanwhile, when the residual stress detection is carried out, the step-by-step mode can be adopted, the residual stress distribution diagram of the relatively comprehensive stroke aluminum alloy profile is detected by a detector driven by a portable detector or a trolley, and the detection device is more suitable for detecting the residual stress of a large batch of aluminum alloy.
Optionally, the transmission driving piece includes driving motor, a plurality of conveying chain and a plurality of conveying sprocket, same two conveying sprocket of coaxial fixedly connected with of conveying roller and two conveying chain, conveying chain overcoat is in the conveying sprocket of two adjacent conveying rollers, driving motor's output is connected in arbitrary conveying roller or conveying sprocket.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when needing to carry out the detection of residual stress, only need driving motor drive one of them transfer sprocket and rotate to through transfer sprocket and conveying chain, synchronous drive other transfer sprocket rotation in proper order, thereby realize driving the syntropy rotation of a plurality of transfer rollers simultaneously.
Optionally, the conveying support is further provided with a discharging mechanism for discharging the unqualified aluminum alloy section and a waste receiving mechanism for receiving the aluminum alloy section discharged by the discharging mechanism, and the discharging mechanism is located between the waste receiving mechanism and the plurality of conveying rollers.
By adopting the technical scheme, when residual stress is detected, partial aluminum alloy section bars can be subjected to excessive residual stress to become unqualified products, and at the moment, if unqualified aluminum alloy section bars exist, the unqualified aluminum alloy section bars are detached by the unloading mechanism and are received by the waste receiving mechanism.
Optionally, the unloading mechanism includes the unloading support, a plurality of elevating system that is used for unloading the piece and is used for controlling the vertical lift of unloading the support, the unloading support slides through the elevating system that unloads and is connected in the transmission support, the unloading piece is including a plurality of rotation connection in the unloading band pulley of unloading the support and overcoat in the belt of unloading a plurality of unloading band pulleys, the plane of rotation of belt is on a parallel with the transmission roller, just the path of the vertical lift of belt of unloading is located between two adjacent transmission rollers, the both ends of the direction of transmission of belt of unloading are located the receiving terminal of transmission roller and waste receiving mechanism respectively, the unloading support is provided with the driving piece of unloading that is used for driving the belt rotation of unloading and do the transmission.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when detecting unqualified aluminum alloy section bar, only need the lifting part of unloading control support of unloading rise for unqualified aluminum alloy section bar is placed in a plurality of discharge belts, then the drive of unloading is moved the belt and is rotated, and conveys unqualified aluminum alloy section bar to waste receiving mechanism's receiving terminal, then the support of unloading moves down, make the aluminum alloy section bar place in waste receiving mechanism's receiving terminal can, when carrying out a large amount of aluminum alloy section bar residual stress detection relatively convenient, reduce unqualified aluminum alloy section bar and mix qualified aluminum alloy section bar's possibility.
Optionally, the support of unloading is including being located the bottom plate of unloading and the roof of unloading of a plurality of transmission rollers below, the bottom plate of unloading is the platelike structure of U-shaped and for the upper shed setting, roof fixedly connected with of unloading is in the opening border of bottom plate of unloading, the last face fixedly connected with mounting panel of unloading the roof, the band pulley of unloading rotates to be connected in the mounting panel of unloading, the roof of unloading is connected in the transmission support through the lifter of unloading.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the band pulley of unloading is through mounting panel fixed connection in the roof of unloading to through the vertical slip of bottom plate of unloading connect in transmission support, when realizing a plurality of vertical lifts of belt of unloading of synchronous control, the lifter of unloading is connected in the roof of unloading, can also reduce the space that the lifter of unloading occupy.
Optionally, the unloading support is fixedly connected with a plurality of unloading support plates for supporting the unloading belt.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, because the aluminum alloy section bar need be placed in the belt of unloading, when the position that makes the belt of unloading place the aluminum alloy section bar is located between two adjacent band pulleys of unloading easily, the condition of easily appearing the indent, the backup pad of unloading can be supported the belt of unloading this moment, and when the effectual reduction transported the aluminum alloy section bar, the belt of unloading is concave to lead to the aluminum alloy section bar to set up in the transmission roller and appear the condition that can't be transported.
Optionally, the driving piece of unloading includes the motor of unloading, rotates to connect in the drive shaft of unloading support and a plurality of coaxial coupling in the drive pulley of unloading, the belt overcoat of unloading is in the drive pulley of unloading, the output shaft of the motor of unloading is in the drive shaft of unloading.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the waste material receiving mechanism is transported to the disqualified aluminum alloy that needs, only need the motor of unloading drive the drive shaft rotation of unloading, then drive the belt rotation of unloading through the drive band pulley of unloading can.
Optionally, the lifting piece of unloading is the pneumatic cylinder and is provided with two or more, the lifting piece of unloading is installed in the transmission support, just the lifting end of lifting piece of unloading is connected in the support of unloading, the transmission support is provided with the guide piece that is used for carrying out the guide to the lift of support of unloading.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the lifting unit control of unloading is unloaded the support and is gone up and down, can do the guide through the guide, reduce the in-process of going up and down and unload the support and appear crooked and produce the possibility of interference with the transmission roller.
Optionally, waste receiving mechanism is including setting up in the waste receiving support of transmission support and a plurality of receiving extension board that is used for receiving unqualified aluminium alloy, receiving the extension board and being the slope setting and fixed connection in the waste receiving support, the high end of receiving the extension board sets up towards the transmission roller and with the belt of unloading crisscross setting, just the pan feeding end of belt of unloading is located the lateral part of aluminium alloy ex-trusions at transmission roller transmission path, the transmission support is provided with and is used for promoting unqualified aluminium alloy ex-trusions to the propelling movement piece of belt pan feeding end top of unloading.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when receiving unqualified aluminum alloy section bar, when aluminum alloy section bar is transmitted to the discharge end of unloading belt, the unloading belt moves down, can make aluminum alloy section bar be placed in a plurality of receiving extension boards, then slides to the bottom of receiving the extension board under the action of gravity to do temporary storage, thereby reduce the influence of unqualified aluminum alloy section bar to the detection of follow-up aluminum alloy section bar residual stress.
In a second aspect, the application provides a nondestructive testing method for residual stress of an aluminum alloy, which adopts the following technical scheme:
S1, sample detection, namely placing a standard aluminum alloy section sample on a plurality of transmission rollers, detecting the standard aluminum alloy section sample through a detector to form a standard stress distribution diagram, and setting a stress error range X based on the standard stress distribution diagram.
S2, positioning, namely placing the aluminum alloy section to be detected above a plurality of transmission rollers, and then adjusting the position of the detector through the X-axis sliding piece and the Z-axis sliding piece to enable the detector to be aligned to the aluminum alloy section.
S3, residual stress detection, namely driving a plurality of transmission rollers through transmission driving pieces and carrying out stepping transmission, so that the detector is used for detecting the residual stress of the aluminum alloy section in a zoned mode, and forming a stress distribution diagram.
S4, stress analysis, namely comparing a residual stress distribution diagram of the tested aluminum alloy row with a standard stress distribution diagram, if the stress of the residual stress distribution diagram is within an error range X of the standard stress distribution diagram, determining that the residual stress of the tested aluminum alloy section is qualified, and if the residual stress exceeds the error range X of the standard stress distribution diagram, determining that the tested aluminum alloy section is a disqualified piece.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can realize the detection of the aluminium alloy ex-trusions residual stress of multiple batches to at the in-process that aluminium alloy ex-trusions residual stress detected, detect to each position of aluminium alloy ex-trusions, with can be relatively convenient carry out the detection of residual stress to the aluminium alloy ex-trusions is all-round.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
When the aluminum alloy section is detected, the aluminum alloy section is only required to be placed on a plurality of transmission rollers, then the detection end of the detector is controlled to be positioned above the aluminum alloy section through the X-axis sliding piece and the Z-axis sliding piece, the transmission driving piece drives the plurality of transmission rollers to rotate simultaneously, the detection area can be arranged in an omnibearing manner for the aluminum alloy section, the relatively comprehensive detection is completed, meanwhile, when the residual stress detection is carried out, the detection can be carried out in a stepping manner, the residual stress distribution diagram of the relatively comprehensive stroke aluminum alloy section is more suitable for the detection of a large quantity of aluminum alloy residual stress compared with the detection carried out by adopting a portable detector or a trolley-driven detector.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a first structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion a in fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the discharge mechanism in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a partial cross-sectional structure of a discharge mechanism in an embodiment of the application.
Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the line B-B in fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is a second structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application.
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a detection method in an embodiment of the application.
The reference numerals are 1, a conveying mechanism, 11, a conveying bracket, 12, a conveying roller, 13, a conveying driving piece, 131, a driving motor, 132, a conveying chain, 133, a conveying chain wheel, 134, a driving chain wheel, 135, a driving chain, 14, a pushing piece, 141, a pushing plate, 2, a detector, 3, a control mechanism, 31, an X-axis sliding piece, 311, a supporting upright, 32, a Z-axis sliding piece, 4, a discharging mechanism, 41, a discharging bracket, 411, a discharging bottom plate, 412, a discharging top plate, 413, a discharging mounting plate, 414, a discharging supporting plate, 415, a discharging reinforcing plate, 416, a discharging rib plate, 42, a discharging piece, 421, a discharging belt wheel, 422, a discharging belt, 43, a discharging lifting piece, 44, a discharging driving piece, 441, a discharging motor, 442, a discharging driving shaft, 443, a discharging driving belt wheel, 444, a discharging chain wheel, 445, a discharging chain, 45, a guiding piece, 451, a guiding top seat 452, a guiding base 453, a guiding rod, 5, a waste receiving mechanism, 51, a waste receiving bracket, 511, a receiving supporting bracket, 52, a receiving supporting plate, a receiving bracket, a receiving cylinder 522, a receiving cylinder, 522, a receiving cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder 53, and a waste receiving cylinder.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to fig. 1 to 7.
The embodiment of the application discloses nondestructive testing equipment for residual stress of an aluminum alloy. Referring to fig. 1, the detection apparatus includes a transmission mechanism 1, a detector 2, and a control mechanism 3 for controlling the position of the detector 2. The transmission mechanism 1 is used for transmitting the aluminum alloy section to the lower part of the detection end of the detector 2 so as to conveniently detect residual stress of the aluminum alloy section, the detector 2 is used for detecting the residual stress of the aluminum alloy section, and is preferably an ultrasonic stress detector or an X-ray residual stress analyzer, and the ultrasonic residual stress detector is used in the embodiment of the application.
Referring to fig. 1, the transfer mechanism 1 includes a transfer bracket 11, a plurality of transfer rollers 12 rotatably connected to the transfer bracket 11, and a transfer drive member 13 for simultaneously driving the plurality of transfer rollers 12 to rotate. The transfer rollers 12 are horizontally disposed, and a plurality of transfer rollers 12 are parallel to each other and horizontally distributed in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the transfer rollers 12. Wherein, control mechanism 3 sets up in transmission support 11, and the control end of control mechanism 3 is located the top of a plurality of transmission rollers 12, and detector 2 fixed connection is in the control end of control mechanism 3.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the transmission driver 13 includes a driving motor 131, a plurality of transmission chains 132, and a plurality of transmission sprockets 133. The conveying chain 132 and the conveying sprocket 133 are each disposed on the same side of the plurality of conveying rollers 12. One end of the same transmission roller 12 is coaxially and fixedly connected with two transmission chain wheels 133, one transmission chain 132 is sleeved on each of the two transmission chain wheels 133 on the same transmission roller 12, and the two transmission chain 132 corresponding to the same transmission roller 12 are sleeved on the transmission chain wheels 133 on the two adjacent transmission rollers 12. The output end of the driving motor 131 is connected to any one of the conveying rollers 12 or the conveying sprocket 133 for driving the plurality of conveying rollers 12 to simultaneously rotate and convey the aluminum alloy profile.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, specifically, a driving motor 131 is mounted on a transmission bracket 11, an output shaft of the driving motor 131 is coaxially and fixedly connected with a driving sprocket 134, the driving sprocket 134 is sleeved with a driving chain 135, and the driving chain 135 is further sleeved with any one of the transmission sprockets 133 which is not sleeved with a transmission chain 132, so as to be used for driving the transmission sprocket 133 to rotate.
When the aluminum alloy profile detection device is used, the detected aluminum alloy profile is only required to be placed on the plurality of transmission rollers 12, then the control mechanism 3 controls the detection end of the detector 2 to be aligned with the detected aluminum alloy profile, after that, the driving motor 131 drives the transmission chain wheel 133 sleeved on the driving chain 135 to rotate through the driving chain 135, and then the transmission chain wheels 133 of the plurality of transmission rollers 12 are mutually driven through the transmission chain 132, so that the aluminum alloy profile is driven to slide along the distribution direction of the plurality of transmission rollers 12 in a stepping or continuous mode, and the omnibearing residual stress detection of the aluminum alloy profile is realized.
Of course, in other embodiments, the output shaft of the driving motor 131 may be directly connected to any one of the conveying rollers 12 through a coupling.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the control mechanism 3 includes an X-axis slider 31 and a Z-axis slider 32, the X-axis slider 31 is fixedly connected to the conveying frame 11 through a support column 311, and the X-axis slider 31 is located above the plurality of conveying rollers 12. The Z-axis slider 32 is fixedly connected to the sliding end of the X-axis slider 31, and the detection end of the detector 2 is fixedly connected to the sliding end of the Z-axis slider 32. The X axis is along the direction parallel to the axial direction of the transmission roller 12, and the Z axis is vertical, so as to control the detection end of the detector 2 to slide along the axial direction and the vertical direction of the transmission roller 12 above the transmission roller 12, so that the detection end of the detector 2 can be adaptively adjusted according to the position of the aluminum alloy section.
In addition, after the residual stress is detected, the residual stress is compared, so that the tested aluminum alloy profile can have unqualified aluminum alloy profiles, and if the unqualified aluminum alloy profiles are directly discharged, the unqualified aluminum alloy profiles can be mixed with the qualified aluminum alloy profiles. Therefore, the conveying support 11 is further provided with the unloading mechanism 4 and the waste receiving mechanism 5, so that unqualified aluminum alloy sections are conveyed to the waste receiving mechanism 5 in time to be placed, the possibility that the unqualified aluminum alloy sections are mixed with qualified aluminum alloy sections is reduced, the aluminum alloy sections are detected in an omnibearing manner relatively conveniently, the possibility that the unqualified aluminum alloy sections are mixed with the qualified aluminum alloy sections is reduced, and the unqualified aluminum alloy sections are treated conveniently.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, specifically, at least one unloading mechanism 4 is provided, in the embodiment of the present application, two unloading mechanisms 4 are provided, and the two unloading mechanisms 4 are distributed along the distribution direction of the plurality of conveying rollers 12, so as to stably convey the unqualified aluminum alloy sections to the receiving end of the scrap receiving mechanism 5. The discharging mechanism 4 comprises a discharging support 41, a plurality of discharging pieces 42 and a discharging lifting piece 43 for controlling the vertical lifting of the discharging support 41.
The discharge bracket 41 includes a discharge bottom plate 411 and a discharge top plate 412, the discharge bottom plate 411 is in a U-shaped plate-like structure and is provided with an upper opening, and both side plates of the discharge bottom plate 411 are provided in parallel with the conveying roller 12. The unloading top plate 412 is fixedly connected to the upper opening edge of the unloading bottom plate 411, and the lifting end of the unloading lifting member 43 is fixedly connected to the unloading top plate 412, so that the space occupied by the unloading driving member 44 is reduced while the unloading bottom plate 411 and the unloading top plate 412 are driven to vertically lift.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the discharge member 42 includes a plurality of discharge pulleys 421 and a discharge belt 422 sleeved on the plurality of discharge pulleys 421. The upper plate surface fixedly connected with of roof 412 of unloading a plurality of mounting panel 413 of unloading that correspond the band pulley 421 setting of unloading, the mounting panel 413 of unloading is the platelike structure of L shape, and the horizontal part of mounting panel 413 of unloading passes through bolt fixed connection in roof 412 of unloading, the vertical portion of mounting panel 413 of unloading is vertical setting and is on a parallel with transmission roller 12, and the band pulley 421 one-to-one rotates the vertical portion of connecting in mounting panel 413 of unloading, and the vertical lift route of the vertical portion of mounting panel 413 of unloading is located the clearance between the transmission roller 12.
The side edge of the discharging top plate 412 far away from the conveying chain 132 protrudes toward a direction far away from the conveying chain 132 and is formed with a plurality of discharging reinforcing plates 415, and the discharging reinforcing plates 415 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the discharging belts 422. Part of the discharge mounting plate 413 is fixedly connected to the discharge reinforcing plate 415 such that an end of the discharge belt 422 remote from the conveyor chain 132 can protrude to the receiving end of the waste receiving mechanism 5. Wherein, the bottom plate 411 of unloading is fixedly connected with is used for making the rib 416 of unloading that supports to unloading reinforcing plate 415 to reduce when transmitting the aluminum alloy ex-trusions, the possibility that the reinforcing plate 415 of unloading takes place to buckle.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the rotation plane of the discharge belt 422 is vertically disposed in parallel with the transfer roller 12, and the discharge driving member 44 is disposed at the bottom of the discharge belt 422. The discharge driving member 44 includes a discharge motor 441, a discharge driving shaft 442 rotatably coupled to the discharge bracket 41, and a plurality of discharge driving pulleys 443 coaxially and fixedly coupled to the discharge driving shaft 442. The discharge driving shaft 442 is penetrated and rotatably connected to both side plates of the discharge bottom plate 411, the discharge driving shaft 442 is perpendicular to the rotation plane of the discharge belt 422, and the lower portion of the discharge belt 422 is sleeved on the discharge driving pulley 443.
The output shaft of the discharging motor 441 is coaxially and fixedly connected with discharging chain wheels 444, the discharging driving shaft 442 is also coaxially and fixedly connected with the discharging chain wheels 444, and the discharging chain 445 is sleeved outside the two discharging chain wheels 444 and used for driving the discharging driving shaft 442 to rotate, and the discharging belt 422 is driven to rotate through the plurality of discharging belt wheels 421, so that the transfer of the unqualified aluminum alloy section is realized.
Of course, in other embodiments, the discharging driving member 44 includes a discharging motor 441 and a discharging driving shaft 442, where the discharging driving shaft 442 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the plurality of discharging pulleys 421, and the plurality of discharging pulleys 421 are disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of discharging belts 422.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, in addition, in order to reduce the possibility of partial sagging of the discharge belt 422 due to the defective aluminum alloy during use, the discharge belt 422 is provided at the inner side thereof with a discharge support plate 414, and the discharge support plate 414 is attached to the inner wall of the upper surface of the discharge belt 422, and the discharge support plate 414 is fixedly coupled to the discharge bottom plate 411 to serve as an auxiliary support.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the discharge elevating member 43 is a hydraulic cylinder, an electric push cylinder or an air cylinder, and in the embodiment of the present application is a hydraulic cylinder. At least two unloading lifting members 43 are provided, and in the embodiment of the application, the number of the unloading lifting members 43 is two, and the two unloading lifting members 43 are distributed along the conveying direction of the unloading belt 422 and are positioned at the outer side of the unloading bottom plate 411. The unloading lifting piece 43 is fixedly connected to the transmission support 11, the telescopic shaft of the unloading lifting piece 43 is a lifting end and is vertically arranged, the lifting end of the unloading lifting piece 43 is fixedly connected to the unloading top plate 412, so that the unloading bottom plate 411 and the unloading top plate 412 are controlled to vertically lift, the unloading belt 422 can extend out from between the adjacent transmission rollers 12, unqualified aluminum alloy profiles are placed on the unloading belts 422, and then the unloading belt 422 is transmitted to the waste receiving mechanism 5 for processing.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the transfer bracket 11 is further provided with a plurality of guides 45 for guiding the vertical elevation of the discharge top plate 412, and the guides 45 are provided with four and are respectively located at four corners of the discharge top plate 412. The guide 45 includes a guide top base 451, a guide base 452, and a guide rod 453, where the guide top base 451 is flange-connected to the lower surface of the discharge top plate 412. The guide base 452 is fixedly connected to the transmission bracket 11, two ends of the guide rod 453 are respectively inserted into the guide top base 451 and the guide base 452, and an upper end surface of the guide rod 453 is fixedly connected to the unloading top plate 412 through bolts.
In addition, because the guide rod 453 is inserted into the guide top seat 451 and the guide rod 453 is fixedly connected with the discharge top plate 412 through the bolt, the guide rod 453 can slightly swing in the process of guiding the vertical lifting of the discharge top plate 412, so that the possibility of local plastic deformation of the discharge top plate 412 is reduced, the service life is prolonged, and the use stability is prolonged.
Of course, in other embodiments, the unloading mechanism 4 comprises an unloading truss fixedly connected to the conveying bracket 11 and a plurality of pneumatic clamping jaws slidingly connected to the unloading truss through a linear motor, and the sliding direction of the pneumatic clamping jaws is parallel to the conveying roller 12. When the pneumatic clamping jaw is used, the pneumatic clamping jaw is controlled to slide to the upper side of the unqualified aluminum alloy section through the linear motor, then the aluminum alloy section is clamped through the pneumatic clamping jaw, and then the pneumatic clamping jaw slides to the receiving end of the waste receiving mechanism 5.
Referring to fig. 6, the scrap receiving mechanism 5 includes a scrap receiving bracket 51 provided to the conveying bracket 11 and a plurality of scrap receiving and supporting plates 52 for receiving the defective aluminum alloy sections, the scrap receiving bracket 51 being located at a side of the conveying roller 12 facing away from the conveying chain 132. The receiving support plates 52 are obliquely arranged, the lower ends of the receiving support plates 52 are fixedly connected to the waste receiving support plates 51, the high ends of the receiving support plates 52 are arranged towards one side of the conveying roller 12, and the discharging belt 422 is positioned at a gap between the adjacent receiving support plates 52 towards one end of the waste receiving support plates 51.
After the aluminum alloy profile is detected by the detector, when the unqualified aluminum alloy profile is required to be placed in the waste receiving mechanism 5, only the unloading lifting piece 43 is required to control the unloading top plate 412 to lift, the aluminum alloy profile is located on the lifting route of the unloading belt 422, then after the aluminum alloy profile is lifted, the unloading driving piece 44 drives the unloading belt 422 to rotate and conveys the aluminum alloy profile to the high end of the receiving support plate 52, then the unloading belt 422 is controlled to descend, the aluminum alloy profile is enabled to be placed in the plurality of receiving support plates 52, and the aluminum alloy profile slides to the low end from the receiving support plate 52, so that the unqualified aluminum alloy profile is conveyed to the side part in time when a large number of aluminum alloy profiles are inspected in a relatively convenient manner, and manual detection or detection of the detection trolley aiming at the aluminum alloy profile is not required, so that residual stress detection and unqualified aluminum alloy profile treatment can be simultaneously carried out.
Referring to fig. 6, in addition, the waste receiving bracket 51 is vertically slidably connected to the transmission bracket 11 through the waste receiving hydraulic cylinder 53, and the waste receiving bracket 51 is fixedly connected with a plurality of receiving support rods 511 inserted into and slidably connected to the transmission bracket 11, so as to control the waste receiving bracket 51 and the receiving support plate 52 to vertically lift, thereby facilitating the treatment of unqualified aluminum alloy profiles.
Meanwhile, a baffle 521 is bent or hinged upward to a side of the plurality of receiving plates 52 away from the conveying roller 12, and in the embodiment of the present application, the baffle 521 is hinged. The baffle 521 is provided with a control hydraulic cylinder 522, the telescopic end of the control hydraulic cylinder 522 is hinged to the baffle 521, and the control hydraulic cylinder 522 is hinged to the scrap receiving bracket 51 so as to discharge the unqualified aluminum alloy sections reserved by the plurality of receiving plates 52.
Referring to fig. 6, further, during the spot inspection, the residual stress is detected for a plurality of aluminum alloy sections, and in this process, the placement of the unqualified aluminum alloy sections on the plurality of conveying rollers 12 affects the detection of the subsequent aluminum alloy sections, so that one end of the discharging belt 422 facing the conveying chain 132 is a feeding end, and the feeding end of the discharging belt 422 and the conveying path of the aluminum alloy sections on the conveying rollers 12 are in a dislocation arrangement. The transfer carriage 11 is provided with a pusher 14 for pushing the reject aluminium alloy profile above the discharge belt 422.
The pushing member 14 is a hydraulic cylinder, an electric pushing cylinder or an air cylinder, two pushing members 14 are arranged, the pushing member 14 is fixedly connected to one end of the transmission bracket 11 far away from the unloading belt 422, the extending and contracting direction of the extending and contracting end of the pushing member 14 is parallel to the transmission roller 12, and the extending and contracting end of the pushing member 14 is fixedly connected with a pushing plate 141 for pushing the aluminum alloy section bar.
When the aluminum alloy profile conveying device is used, if the aluminum alloy profile is qualified, the pushing piece 14 does not operate at the moment, the aluminum alloy profile is directly conveyed away through the plurality of conveying rollers 12, and if the aluminum alloy profile is unqualified and needs to be reworked or abandoned, the pushing piece 14 pushes the aluminum alloy profile to the position above the feeding end of the discharging belt 422 through the pushing plate 141, and then the unqualified aluminum alloy profile is conveyed away through the ascending discharging belt 422.
The embodiment of the application also discloses a nondestructive testing method for the residual stress of the aluminum alloy. Referring to fig. 7, the detection method includes the steps of:
S1, sample detection, namely placing a standard aluminum alloy profile sample on a plurality of transmission rollers 12, detecting the standard aluminum alloy profile sample through a detector 2 to form a standard stress distribution diagram, and setting a stress error range X based on the standard stress distribution diagram.
S2, positioning, namely placing the aluminum alloy section to be detected above the plurality of conveying rollers 12, and then adjusting the position of the detector 2 through the X-axis sliding piece 31 and the Z-axis sliding piece 32 so that the detector 2 is aligned with the aluminum alloy section.
S3, residual stress detection, namely driving a plurality of conveying rollers 12 through a conveying driving piece 13 and carrying out stepping conveying, so that the detector 2 detects the aluminum alloy section in different areas and forms a stress distribution diagram.
S4, stress analysis, namely comparing a residual stress distribution diagram of the tested aluminum alloy row with a standard stress distribution diagram, if the stress of the residual stress distribution diagram is within an error range X of the standard stress distribution diagram, the residual stress of the tested aluminum alloy section is qualified, at the moment, the qualified aluminum alloy section is transmitted by a plurality of transmission rollers 12, if the residual stress exceeds the error range X of the standard stress distribution diagram, the tested aluminum alloy section is a disqualified part, at the moment, the disqualified aluminum alloy section is pushed to the position above the feeding end of a discharging belt 422 by a pushing part 14, in the process, the next aluminum alloy section is synchronously transmitted by the transmission rollers 12 and is subjected to residual stress detection, then a discharging lifting part 43 controls a discharging top plate 412 to be lifted, the aluminum alloy section is placed on a discharging belt 422, and finally, the aluminum alloy section is transmitted to a plurality of receiving support plates 52.
The above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the application, so that the equivalent changes of the structure, shape and principle of the application are covered by the scope of the application.
Claims (8)
1. The nondestructive testing equipment for the residual stress of the aluminum alloy is characterized by comprising a transmission mechanism (1) for transmitting the aluminum alloy section, a detector (2) for detecting the residual stress and a control mechanism (3) for controlling the position of the detector (2), wherein the transmission mechanism (1) comprises a transmission bracket (11), a plurality of transmission rollers (12) rotatably connected to the transmission bracket (11) and a transmission driving piece (13) for simultaneously driving the transmission rollers (12) to rotate, the transmission rollers (12) are mutually parallel, the control mechanism (3) comprises an X-axis sliding piece (31) and a Z-axis sliding piece (32) fixedly connected to the sliding end of the X-axis sliding piece (31), the X-axis sliding piece (31) is arranged on the transmission bracket (11), a sliding path of the sliding end of the X-axis sliding piece (31) is positioned above the transmission rollers (12), the detector (2) is arranged on the sliding end of the Z-axis sliding piece (32), and the sliding path of the sliding end of the X-axis sliding piece (31) is parallel to the transmission rollers (12);
The conveying support (11) is further provided with a discharging mechanism (4) for discharging unqualified aluminum alloy sections and a waste receiving mechanism (5) for receiving the aluminum alloy sections discharged by the discharging mechanism (4), and the discharging mechanism (4) is positioned between the waste receiving mechanism (5) and the plurality of conveying rollers (12);
The utility model provides a discharge mechanism (4) including discharge support (41), a plurality of be used for discharge support (42) and be used for controlling the vertical lift of discharge support (41) to unload elevating gear (43), discharge support (41) slide through discharge elevating gear (43) and connect in transmission support (11), discharge support (42) including a plurality of rotations connect in the band pulley (421) of discharging support (41) and overcoat in the band pulley (422) of unloading (421), the plane of rotation of band (422) of unloading is on a parallel with transmission roller (12), just the vertical lift's of band (422) route is located between two adjacent transmission rollers (12), the both ends of the direction of transmission of band (422) are located the receiving end of transmission roller (12) and waste receiving mechanism (5) respectively, discharge support (41) are provided with and are used for driving band pulley (422) the rotation of unloading and do the driving piece (44) of unloading of transmission.
2. The nondestructive testing device for residual stress of aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the transmission driving member (13) comprises a driving motor (131), a plurality of transmission chains (132) and a plurality of transmission chain wheels (133), two transmission chain wheels (133) and two transmission chain wheels (132) are coaxially and fixedly connected with the same transmission roller (12), the transmission chain wheels (132) are sleeved on the transmission chain wheels (133) of the two adjacent transmission rollers (12), and the output end of the driving motor (131) is connected with any one transmission roller (12) or any transmission chain wheel (133).
3. The nondestructive testing device for residual stress of aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the unloading support (41) comprises an unloading bottom plate (411) and an unloading top plate (412) which are positioned below the plurality of conveying rollers (12), the unloading bottom plate (411) is of a U-shaped plate-shaped structure and is provided with an upper opening, the unloading top plate (412) is fixedly connected to the opening edge of the unloading bottom plate (411), the upper plate surface of the unloading top plate (412) is fixedly connected with an unloading mounting plate (413), the unloading belt wheel (421) is rotatably connected to the unloading mounting plate (413), and the unloading top plate (412) is connected to the conveying support (11) through an unloading lifting piece (43).
4. The nondestructive testing device for residual stress of aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the unloading support (41) is fixedly connected with a plurality of unloading support plates (414) for supporting the unloading belt (422).
5. An apparatus for non-destructive inspection of residual stress of aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein said discharge driving member (44) comprises a discharge motor (441), a discharge driving shaft (442) rotatably connected to said discharge bracket (41), and a plurality of discharge driving pulleys (443) coaxially connected to said discharge driving shaft (442), said discharge belt (422) is sleeved on said discharge driving pulleys (443), and an output shaft of said discharge motor (441) is connected to said discharge driving shaft (442).
6. The nondestructive testing device for residual stress of aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the unloading lifting member (43) is a hydraulic cylinder and is provided with two or more than two unloading lifting members (43) which are arranged on the transmission support (11), the lifting end of the unloading lifting member (43) is connected with the unloading support (41), and the transmission support (11) is provided with a guide member (45) for guiding the lifting of the unloading support (41).
7. The nondestructive testing device for residual stress of aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the waste receiving mechanism (5) comprises a waste receiving bracket (51) arranged on the transmission bracket (11) and a plurality of receiving support plates (52) for receiving unqualified aluminum profiles, the receiving support plates (52) are obliquely arranged and fixedly connected to the waste receiving bracket (51), the high ends of the receiving support plates (52) are arranged towards the transmission roller (12) and are staggered with the discharging belt (422), the feeding ends of the discharging belt (422) are positioned on the side parts of the transmission path of the aluminum alloy profiles on the transmission roller (12), and the transmission bracket (11) is provided with pushing pieces (14) for pushing the unqualified aluminum alloy profiles to the upper parts of the feeding ends of the discharging belt (422).
8. A detection method using the aluminum alloy residual stress nondestructive detection device according to any one of claims 1-7 is characterized by comprising the following steps of S1, detecting samples, S3, driving a plurality of transmission rollers (12) through transmission driving pieces (13) and carrying out step transmission on the standard aluminum alloy profile samples, detecting the standard aluminum alloy profile samples through the detection devices (2) to form a standard stress distribution diagram, setting a stress error range X on the basis of the standard stress distribution diagram, S2, positioning, namely placing an aluminum alloy profile to be detected above the plurality of transmission rollers (12), then adjusting the position of the detection devices (2) through an X-axis sliding piece (31) and a Z-axis sliding piece (32), enabling the detection devices (2) to be aligned with the aluminum alloy profile, S3, detecting the residual stress of the detection devices (2) to form the residual stress detection of the aluminum alloy profile in a region by step transmission driving piece (12), and forming a stress distribution diagram, S4, analyzing the stress, namely comparing the residual stress distribution diagram of the detected aluminum alloy profile with the standard stress distribution diagram by the tested aluminum alloy line with the standard stress distribution diagram, and if the residual stress of the tested aluminum alloy profile is within the standard stress error range X of the standard stress distribution diagram is not qualified.
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| CN117419841B (en) * | 2023-12-19 | 2024-02-23 | 深圳市荣辉铜铝材料有限公司 | Nondestructive testing equipment and method for residual stress of aluminum plate |
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| CN104316237A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-01-28 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Steel plate surface residual stress detection device and method based on online ultrasonic wave |
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