CN115173041A - Antenna unit, filtering antenna and terminal equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application proposes an antenna unit, a filter antenna and a terminal device, including: a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, a third dielectric substrate, a radiation structure, and at least one group of transmission units, the transmission units including a first feeder structure, a second feeding structure and a filtering structure; the second dielectric substrate is arranged between the first dielectric substrate and the third dielectric substrate, and the radiation structure is arranged on the side of the first dielectric substrate away from the second dielectric substrate , the second feeding structure is set on the second dielectric substrate, the filtering structure is set on the third dielectric substrate, the first feeding structure is connected with the second feeding structure and the filtering structure; the first feeding structure is used for transmitting electromagnetic wave signals ; the second feeding structure is used for coupling feeding to the radiation structure; the filtering structure is used for filtering. Through the integrated design of the antenna and the filter, the size of the device is reduced, and the device has low cost, high stability and good filtering characteristics.

Description

An antenna unit, filter antenna and terminal equipment

technical field

The present application relates to the field of antennas, and in particular, to an antenna unit, a filter antenna and a terminal device.

Background technique

With the progress of science and social development, more and more communication devices are used in life. For example, satellite communication equipment is widely used in all walks of life. An essential component in a communication device is an antenna, and the quality of the antenna directly affects the communication quality of the communication device.

In the current engineering application, the antenna and filter are often designed separately, and then an additional matching circuit is designed to connect and debug the two. This method usually not only fails to obtain the best matching, but also easily leads to large insertion loss. , and sometimes increase the size of the device.

Therefore, how to design an antenna with filtering function without adding additional loss has become an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present application is to provide an antenna unit, a filter antenna and a terminal device to at least partially improve the above problems.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of the present application are as follows:

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna unit, the antenna unit includes: a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, a third dielectric substrate, a radiation structure, and at least one group of transmission units. The unit includes a first feeding structure, a second feeding structure and a filtering structure;

The second dielectric substrate is disposed between the first dielectric substrate and the third dielectric substrate, and the radiation structure is disposed on the side of the first dielectric substrate away from the second dielectric substrate, The second feeding structure is opened on the side of the second dielectric substrate close to the first dielectric substrate or on the side of the first dielectric substrate close to the second dielectric substrate, the The filtering structure is provided on the side of the third dielectric substrate close to the second dielectric substrate or the side of the second dielectric substrate close to the first dielectric substrate, and the first feeding structure Passing through the first dielectric substrate, the second dielectric substrate and the third dielectric substrate, the first feeding structure is connected to the second feeding structure and the filtering structure;

the first feeding structure is used for transmitting electromagnetic wave signals;

the second feeding structure is used for coupling feeding to the radiating structure;

The filtering structure is used for filtering.

In a possible implementation manner, the projection of the second feeding structure and the radiation structure on the second dielectric substrate at least partially overlaps.

In a possible implementation manner, the filtering structure includes a first filtering component and a second filtering component, the first feeding structure is connected to one end of the first filtering component, and the other end of the first filtering component one end is connected to the second filter component;

The first filter component and the second filter component form a T-shaped filter structure.

In a possible implementation manner, the other end of the first filtering component is connected to the midpoint of the second filtering component.

In a possible implementation manner, the length of the first filter component is the first length, the width of the first filter component is the first width, the length of the second filter component is the second length, and the The width of the second filter component is the second width;

The first length, the second length, the first width, and the second width match the radiation null point of the antenna unit, and the radiation null point is used to indicate the frequency band to be filtered.

In a possible implementation manner, the included angle between the projection of the first filter component and the second feed structure on the third dielectric substrate is a target rotation angle;

The target rotation angle matches the radiation null point of the antenna unit, and the radiation null point is used to indicate the frequency band to be filtered.

In a possible implementation manner, when the number of the transmission units is greater than 1, the transmission units are uniformly distributed around the center point of the radiation structure.

In a possible implementation manner, the geometric shape of the radiation structure is a circle, a rectangle or a polygon.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a filtering antenna, including: the above-mentioned antenna unit.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a terminal device, including: the above filter antenna.

Compared with the prior art, an antenna unit, a filter antenna, and a terminal device provided by the embodiments of the present application include: a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, a third dielectric substrate, a radiation structure, and at least one set of The transmission unit includes a first feeding structure, a second feeding structure and a filtering structure; the second dielectric substrate is arranged between the first dielectric substrate and the third dielectric substrate, and the radiation structure is arranged on the first dielectric substrate The side of the chip away from the second dielectric substrate, the second feeding structure is provided on the second dielectric substrate, the filtering structure is provided on the third dielectric substrate, and the first feeding structure is penetrated through the second dielectric substrate and the third dielectric substrate. a dielectric substrate, the first feeding structure is connected with the second feeding structure and the filtering structure; the first feeding structure is used for transmitting electromagnetic wave signals; the second feeding structure is used for coupling and feeding the radiation structure; filter. Through the integrated design of the antenna and the filter, the size of the device is reduced, and the device has low cost, high stability and good filtering characteristics.

In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the preferred embodiments are exemplified below, and are described in detail as follows in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application more clearly, the following drawings will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and therefore do not It should be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without any creative effort.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram comparing the filtering effects of a conventional antenna and a filtering antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

3 is a top view of an antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a side view of an antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present application.

In the figure: 11-first dielectric substrate; 12-second dielectric substrate; 13-third dielectric substrate; 14-antenna ground; 20-transmission unit; 21-first feeding structure; 22-second feeding 23-filter structure; 231-first filter component; 232-second filter component; 31-radiation structure.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments It is a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and illustrated in the drawings herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the application as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It should be noted that like numerals and letters refer to like items in the following figures, so once an item is defined in one figure, it does not require further definition and explanation in subsequent figures. Meanwhile, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any relationship between these entities or operations. any such actual relationship or sequence exists. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "comprising" or any other variation thereof are intended to encompass a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article or device that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes not explicitly listed or other elements inherent to such a process, method, article or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element qualified by the phrase "comprising a..." does not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that includes the element.

In the description of this application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the The orientation or positional relationship that the application product is usually placed in use is only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore It should not be construed as a limitation on this application.

In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "arrangement" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, or It can be connected in one piece; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be internal communication between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood in specific situations.

Some embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the current engineering applications, the antenna and the filter are often designed separately, and then an additional external matching circuit is designed to connect and debug the two. This method not only cannot obtain the best matching, but also easily leads to larger insertion loss and sometimes increase the size of the device.

Therefore, in order to reduce the loss and achieve miniaturization, the inventors considered combining the filtering characteristics with the antenna to realize the filtering characteristics of the antenna. The filter is directly cascaded with the antenna, and the integrated design is carried out to reduce unnecessary external matching circuits, thereby reducing the matching loss, but the insertion loss of the filter still exists.

In order to further reduce the insertion loss, the inventor considers the integrated design of the filter antenna, so that the antenna has both the radiation function and the filtering function, and there is no additional insertion loss at the same time.

In the filter-antenna fusion design, the antenna is used as the last-order resonator of the filter to resonate to realize the filtering function. By changing the antenna structure, such as etching slits, adding metal vias, or adding metamaterial structures, the transmission mode of the antenna is changed to The transmission zero is generated to realize the filtering function.

An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna unit. Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic diagram of an antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present application. The antenna unit is used as a component of the filtering antenna. It should be noted that the filtering antenna may include multiple antenna units, and only one of the antenna units is shown in FIG. 1 for convenience of illustration.

As shown in FIG. 1, the antenna unit includes: a first dielectric substrate 11, a second dielectric substrate 12, a third dielectric substrate 13, a radiation structure 31 and at least one group of transmission units 20, the transmission unit 20 includes a first feed Structure 21 , second feeding structure 22 and filtering structure 23 .

It should be understood that one antenna unit may include multiple groups of transmission units 20, and only one group of transmission units 20 is shown in 1 for convenience of illustration.

The second dielectric substrate 12 is disposed between the first dielectric substrate 11 and the third dielectric substrate 13, the radiation structure 31 is disposed on the side of the first dielectric substrate 11 away from the second dielectric substrate 12, and the second feeding The structure 22 is opened on the side of the second dielectric substrate 12 close to the first dielectric substrate 11 or the side of the first dielectric substrate 11 close to the second dielectric substrate 12, and the filter structure 23 is opened on the third dielectric substrate 13 close to the side. On one side of the second dielectric substrate 12 or the side of the second dielectric substrate 12 close to the third dielectric substrate 13, the first feeding structure 21 penetrates through the first dielectric substrate 11, the second dielectric substrate 12 and the The third dielectric substrate 13 , the first feeding structure 21 are connected to the second feeding structure 22 and the filtering structure 23 .

Optionally, the antenna ground 14 is placed on the side of the third dielectric substrate 13 away from the second dielectric substrate 12 .

The first feeding structure 21 is used for transmitting electromagnetic wave signals; the second feeding structure 22 is used for coupling feeding to the radiation structure; and the filtering structure 23 is used for filtering.

Optionally, the first feeding structure 21 is made of metal or other conductive materials, such as metal vias. The first feeding structure 21 can be connected with a microstrip line, so as to realize electromagnetic wave signal transmission.

Optionally, as shown in FIG. 1 , the side of the second dielectric substrate 12 close to the first dielectric substrate 11 or the side of the first dielectric substrate 11 close to the second dielectric substrate 12 is covered with a specific metal pattern to A second feeding structure 22 is formed. The second feeding structure 22 is used to couple the feeding to the radiating structure.

Optionally, as shown in FIG. 1 , the side of the third dielectric substrate 13 close to the second dielectric substrate 12 or the side of the second dielectric substrate 12 close to the third dielectric substrate 13 is covered with a specific metal pattern, to form the filtering structure 23 . The filtering structure 23 is used to change the transmission mode of the antenna to generate transmission nulls for filtering.

The antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the present application has a simple structure. By integrating the antenna and the filter, the device size can be reduced on the premise of realizing low-pass, band-pass, high-pass, and band-stop filtering characteristics, and the device has low cost and high stability. and good filtering characteristics.

To sum up, the antenna unit provided by the embodiments of the present application includes: a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, a third dielectric substrate, a radiation structure, and at least one group of transmission units, and the transmission unit includes a first feeder structure, a second feeding structure and a filtering structure; the second dielectric substrate is arranged between the first dielectric substrate and the third dielectric substrate, and the radiation structure is arranged on the side of the first dielectric substrate away from the second dielectric substrate , the second feeding structure is set on the second dielectric substrate, the filtering structure is set on the third dielectric substrate, the first feeding structure is passed through the second dielectric substrate and the third dielectric substrate, and the first feeding structure is connected to the third dielectric substrate. The second feeding structure and the filtering structure are connected; the first feeding structure is used for transmitting electromagnetic wave signals; the second feeding structure is used for coupling feeding to the radiation structure; and the filtering structure is used for filtering. Through the integrated design of the antenna and the filter, the size of the device is reduced, and the device has low cost, high stability and good filtering characteristics.

Compared with the solution in which the antenna unit and the filter are independently designed, the antenna to achieve good filtering characteristics needs to be pressed multiple times, the structure is complicated, and the cost of the antenna is greatly increased. Each component in the antenna unit in the embodiment of the present application is directly completed on the dielectric substrate, so the structure is simple, easy to manufacture, convenient for PCB processing, and can be completed by only one pressing, and has excellent filtering while achieving low cost. The characteristics are of great significance for practical engineering applications.

Please refer to FIG. 2 , which is a schematic diagram of a comparison of filtering effects between a conventional antenna and a filtering antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application. Assuming that the working frequency band of the filter antenna is 14GHz-14.5GHz, 10GHz-13GHz needs to be filtered, and the transmission zero point is around 12.5GHz. The frequency band is greater than 5dB. At 10GHz-13GHz, the antenna gain is less than -15dB, and the full-band suppression is greater than 20dB. At 12.6GHz, a radiation zero point is formed to achieve the required filtering effect. However, the conventional non-filtered antenna has a gain of less than 0 dB and a suppression of only 5 dB at 10 GHz to 13 GHz, and the filtering effect is far lower than that of the filtering antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application.

Please continue to refer to FIG. 1 , regarding how to ensure the performance of the antenna unit, an embodiment of the present application also provides a possible implementation manner. The projection of the second feeding structure 22 and the radiation structure 31 on the second dielectric substrate 12 at least partially overlap.

It should be understood that the size of the overlapping area is related to the preset operating frequency.

Optionally, one end of the second feeding structure 22 is connected to the first feeding structure 21 , and the other end of the second feeding structure 22 points to the geometric center of the projection of the radiation structure 31 on the second dielectric substrate 12 .

Please refer to FIG. 3 , which is a top view of an antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 3, in a possible implementation manner, the filtering structure 23 includes a first filtering component 231 and a second filtering component 232, the first feeding structure 21 is connected to one end of the first filtering component 231, and the first filtering The other end of the component 231 is connected to the second filter component 232 .

The first filtering component 231 and the second filtering component 232 form a T-shaped filtering structure.

In a possible implementation manner, one end of the first filter element 231 away from the first feeding structure 21 is in contact with the length L2 of the second filter element 232 .

Optionally, the first filter element 231 and the second filter element 232 are provided on the side of the third dielectric substrate 13 close to the second dielectric substrate 12 or on the side of the second dielectric substrate 12 close to the third dielectric substrate 13 . side.

It should be noted that, the first filtering component 231 and the second filtering component 232 may not be limited to a straight line, but may also be a curve with an amplitude.

In a possible implementation manner, in order to improve the filtering effect, the other end of the first filtering component 231 is connected to the midpoint of the second filtering component 232 .

Please continue to refer to FIG. 3 , the length of the first filter element is the first length L1, the width of the first filter element is the first width W1, the length of the second filter element is the second length L2, and the width of the second filter element is the first width W1. Two widths W2.

The first length L1, the first width W1, the second length L2, and the second width W2 match the radiation null point of the antenna unit, and the radiation null point is used to indicate the frequency band to be filtered.

For example, as shown in Figure 2, the radiation zero point is at 12.6GHz, which can filter the frequency band of 10GHz-13GHz.

It should be noted that by adjusting the dimensions of L1, L2, W1 and W2 in the T-shaped filter structure, the position of the radiation null point of the antenna can be changed. Therefore, in the process of antenna design, it is necessary to ensure the first length L1, the first width W1, the first The second length L2 and the second width W2 match the radiation null point of the antenna element.

Please continue to refer to FIG. 3 , in a possible implementation manner, the included angle between the projection of the first filter element 231 and the second feeding structure 22 on the third dielectric substrate 13 is the target rotation angle.

The target rotation angle matches the radiation null of the antenna unit, which is used to indicate the frequency band to be filtered.

It should be understood that the rotation of the T-shaped filter structure around the first feeding structure 21 can change the position of the radiation null point of the antenna. Therefore, in the antenna design process, the target rotation angle needs to be determined in advance. The target rotation angle matches the radiation null of the antenna element.

In a possible implementation manner, when the number of transmission units 20 is greater than 1, the transmission units 20 are uniformly distributed around the center point of the radiation structure 31 .

For example, when the number of the transmission units 20 is 2, the center point of the radiation structure 31 can be rotated by 90°, 180°, and 270°.

When the number of transmission units 20 is 3, the transmission units 20 may be distributed in a circle around the center point of the radiation structure 31 , and the three transmission units 20 are rotated by 120° around the center point of the radiation structure 31 .

When the number of transmission units 20 is 3, the transmission units 20 can be distributed non-uniformly around the center of the radiation structure 31 , assuming that the angle of one of the transmission units 20 is 0°, and the other two transmission units 20 surround the center of the radiation structure 31 . There are 3 rotation combinations for the point, the first one is 90°, 180°, the first one is 90°, 270°, the first one is 180°, 270°.

When the number of transmission units 20 is 4, the transmission units 20 may be uniformly distributed around the center point of the radiation structure 31 , and the four transmission units 20 are rotated by 90° around the center point of the radiation structure 31 .

In a possible implementation, the geometric shape of the radiation structure 31 is a circle, a rectangle or a polygon.

Optionally, the first feeding structure 21 , the second feeding structure 22 and the filtering structure 23 are metal structures.

It should be noted that the characteristics (including relative permittivity, loss tangent, and thickness) of the three-layer microwave dielectric substrate may be the same or different, which are not limited herein.

Optionally, the properties of the microwave dielectric substrate may affect the size, shape, area, etc. of the radiation structure 31 and the feeding structure. For example, the larger the dielectric constant, the smaller the area of the radiation structure, the smaller the intersecting area of the second feeding structure 22 and the radiation structure 31; the larger the loss angle, the lower the gain of the antenna.

For ease of understanding, an embodiment of the present application further provides a side view of an antenna unit, as shown in FIG. 4 .

An embodiment of the present application further provides a filter antenna, where the filter antenna includes the above-mentioned antenna unit. In the solution of the present application, the number of antenna units in the filtering antenna is not limited.

An embodiment of the present application further provides a terminal device, where the terminal device includes the filter antenna described above. The terminal equipment can be a satellite communication base station.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of this application shall be included within the protection scope of this application.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that the present application can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present application. Accordingly, the embodiments are to be regarded in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the application is to be defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, which is therefore intended to fall within the scope of the claims. All changes that come within the meaning and scope of equivalents to are included in this application. Any reference signs in the claims shall not be construed as limiting the involved claim.

Claims (10)

1. An antenna unit, characterized in that the antenna unit comprises: the antenna comprises a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, a third dielectric substrate, a radiation structure and at least one group of transmission units, wherein each transmission unit comprises a first feed structure, a second feed structure and a filter structure;

the second dielectric substrate is arranged between the first dielectric substrate and a third dielectric substrate, the radiating structure is arranged on one side of the first dielectric substrate far away from the second dielectric substrate, the second feeding structure is arranged on one side of the second dielectric substrate close to the first dielectric substrate or one side of the first dielectric substrate close to the second dielectric substrate, the filtering structure is arranged on one side of the third dielectric substrate close to the second dielectric substrate or one side of the second dielectric substrate close to the third dielectric substrate, the first feeding structure is arranged on the first dielectric substrate, the second dielectric substrate and the third dielectric substrate in a penetrating manner, and the first feeding structure is connected with the second feeding structure and the filtering structure;

the first feed structure is used for transmitting electromagnetic wave signals;

the second feeding structure is used for coupling feeding to the radiating structure;

the filtering structure is used for filtering.

2. The antenna element of claim 1, wherein said second feed structure at least partially overlaps a projection of said radiating structure onto said second dielectric substrate.

3. The antenna element of claim 1, wherein said filtering structure comprises a first filtering component and a second filtering component, said first feed structure being connected to one end of said first filtering component, the other end of said first filtering component being connected to said second filtering component;

the first filtering assembly and the second filtering assembly form a T-shaped filtering structure.

4. The antenna element of claim 3 wherein said first filtering component has another end connected to a midpoint of said second filtering component.

5. The antenna unit of claim 3, wherein the length of the first filtering component is a first length, the width of the first filtering component is a first width, the length of the second filtering component is a second length, and the width of the second filtering component is a second width;

the first length, the second length, the first width and the second width are matched with a radiation zero point of the antenna unit, and the radiation zero point is used for indicating a frequency band to be filtered.

6. The antenna unit of claim 3, wherein an angle between the first filtering component and a projection of the second feeding structure on the third dielectric substrate is a target rotation angle;

the target rotation angle is matched with a radiation zero point of the antenna unit, and the radiation zero point is used for indicating a frequency band to be filtered.

7. The antenna element of claim 1, wherein when the number of transmission elements is greater than 1, the transmission elements are uniformly distributed around a center point of the radiating structure.

8. The antenna element of claim 1, wherein the radiating structure has a geometry that is circular, rectangular, or polygonal.

9. A filtering antenna, comprising: an antenna unit according to any of claims 1-8.

10. A terminal device, comprising: the filtering antenna of claim 9.

Images