CN115230457A - Hybrid electric driving device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a hybrid electric drive device, which relates to the technical field of vehicle drive. The second motor, the first planetary row, the second planetary row, the engaging and separating elements are coaxially arranged with the engine, and the first planetary row and the second planetary row are arranged in the inner cavity of the first motor, and the second planetary carrier passes through The engaging and disengaging element is engaged or disengaged from the first gear, the second planet carrier is also engaged or disengaged from the first power output shaft through the engaging disengaging element, and the engaging and disengaging element is engaged or disengaged to achieve different vehicle drive mode. The hybrid electric drive device realizes more kinds of vehicle driving modes by setting an engagement and disengagement element, which can be better applicable to the vehicle driving under different working conditions, thereby improving the performance of the hybrid electric drive device.

Description

A hybrid electric drive

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle drive, in particular to a hybrid electric drive device.

Background technique

The existing power-split hybrid electric drive device based on planetary row uses the planetary row to decompose the power of the engine into two paths, one of which powers the first motor to generate electricity, and the other which merges with the power output of the second motor to drive the vehicle. However, it has the following shortcomings:

1) The maximum speed in the pure electric driving mode is lower due to the limitation of the maximum speed of the first motor, which cannot meet the higher performance requirements;

2) After the power of the engine is split by power, the torque output to drive the vehicle is small, and the acceleration performance or low-speed climbing performance is limited;

3) The four-wheel drive vehicle requires a special transfer unit.

Therefore, we provide a power shunt hybrid electric drive device with higher comprehensive performance, which can solve at least one of the above problems.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a hybrid electric drive device to solve the above-mentioned problems in the background art.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a hybrid electric drive device, comprising an engine, a first motor, a second motor, a first planetary row, a second planetary row, an engagement and separation element and a speed change mechanism, the engagement The disengaging element is a clutch or a gear shift sleeve, and the engaging and disengaging element is used to realize different driving modes of the vehicle by performing engaging or disengaging actions;

the first planetary row includes a first sun gear, a first planet carrier and a first ring gear;

the second planetary row includes a second sun gear, a second planet carrier and a second ring gear;

The speed change mechanism includes a first gear, a second gear, a third gear, a first power output shaft, a second power output shaft and a differential;

The engine is connected with the first planet carrier, the first motor is connected with the first sun gear, the first planet carrier is connected with the second sun gear, the first ring gear is connected with the second gear Ring connection, the second planet carrier is connected with the engaging and disengaging element, the second motor is fixedly connected with the first gear, the first gear and the second gear are engaged for transmission, the second gear and the differential The third gear is connected with an output end of the differential, the third gear is engaged with the first power output shaft, and the second power output shaft and the differential The other output is connected;

The second planet carrier is engaged or disengaged from the first gear by engaging and disengaging the element;

The second planet carrier is also engaged or disengaged from the first power output shaft by engaging and disengaging the element.

To further optimize the technical solution, when the engagement and disengagement element disengages the first gear and the first power output shaft, the hybrid electric drive device realizes the driving of the vehicle through the second motor.

The technical solution is further optimized. Before the disengagement element disengages the first gear and the first power output shaft, the engine of the hybrid electric drive device is turned off, the vehicle is in a pure electric driving mode, and the second motor is driven by a transmission mechanism. Drive the vehicle to increase the top speed of the vehicle in pure electric driving mode.

The technical solution is further optimized. When the engaging and disengaging element engages the first gear and disengages the first power output shaft, the power of the engine performs power splitting work through the first planetary row and the second planetary row, and the hybrid The electric drive device realizes the driving of the vehicle through the first power take-off shaft and the second power take-off shaft together, and is used in the working conditions of poor road surface, hill climbing and heavy load with low speed.

This technical solution is further optimized. After the engine performs power splitting, one of the powers of the engine is used for the first motor to generate electricity, and the other power of the engine is used to generate power through the first gear and the second motor. The confluence makes the speed change mechanism perform deceleration, torque increase, and differential distribution.

To further optimize this technical solution, when the speed change mechanism performs deceleration, torque increase, and differential speed distribution, the speed reduction ratio of the speed change mechanism needs to be determined, and the method for determining the speed reduction ratio of the speed change mechanism includes the following specific procedures:

S1. Based on the kinematic equations of the first planetary row and the second planetary row, determine the formulas (1) and (2) of the kinematics and dynamic characteristics, and the formulas (1) and (2) are as follows:

T _m1 : T _out : _Te = k ₂ : k ₁ (1+k ₂ ): (k ₁ +k ₂ +k ₁ k ₂ ) (2)

Among them, n _m1 , n _out , n _e , T _m1 , T _out , T _e , k ₁ , k ₂ are the rotational speed of the first motor, the rotational speed of the output end, the rotational speed of the engine, the torque of the first motor, the rotational speed of the output end, respectively, respectively. torque, engine torque, structural characteristic parameters of the first planetary row and structural characteristic parameters of the second planetary row;

S2. Set the structural characteristic parameters of the speed change mechanism that the speed ratio of the first gear and the second gear is k ₃ , the speed ratio of the third gear and the fourth gear is 1, and the speed reduction ratio of the speed change mechanism is k ₃ ;

S3. Divide the power of the engine into two paths, decelerate and increase the torque k ₃ times through the speed change mechanism, and then distribute the differential speed, and then the first power output shaft and the second power output shaft jointly drive the vehicle.

The technical solution is further optimized. When the engaging and disengaging element engages the first output shaft and disengages the first gear, the power of the engine is split through the first planetary row and the second planetary row. One of the powers is used for the first motor to generate electricity, the other power of the engine is used to output to the first power output shaft to directly drive the vehicle, and the power of the second motor is input to the transmission mechanism for deceleration and torque increase, Differential speed distribution, the hybrid electric drive device jointly realizes the driving of the vehicle through the first power output shaft and the second power output shaft, and the driving mode of the vehicle is divided into constant speed cruising and accelerated cruising.

The technical solution is further optimized. Under the constant speed cruising condition of the hybrid electric drive device, the power of the second motor is gradually reduced to 0, and the power of the second motor to the first power output shaft and the power of the second power output shaft are also reduced. Then it decreases. At this time, the engine participates in the work. The power split by the engine passes through the first power output shaft to externally output power to drive the vehicle. The effect of driving a normally driven vehicle.

This technical solution is further optimized. Under the condition of accelerating and cruising, the power of the second motor needs to be gradually increased through the speed change mechanism for deceleration, torque increase, and differential speed distribution. The first power output shaft, the second power The output of the output shaft, at this time, the engine is involved in the work, and the split power of the engine will superimpose the power to the first power output shaft for external output, which is used to realize the different power distribution of the first power output shaft and the second power output shaft to drive the vehicle.

To further optimize the technical solution, the first motor, the second motor, the first planetary row, the second planetary row, and the engagement and separation elements are coaxially arranged with the engine, and the first planetary row and the second planetary row are arranged coaxially with the engine. The planets are arranged in the inner cavity of the first motor.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a hybrid electric drive device, which has the following beneficial effects:

The hybrid electric drive device realizes more kinds of vehicle driving modes by setting an engagement and separation element, which can be better applicable to vehicle driving under different working conditions, thereby improving the performance of the hybrid electric drive device.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid electric drive device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid electric drive device according to another specific embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example:

A hybrid electric drive device includes an engine 1, a first motor 2, a second motor 3, a first planetary row 4, a second planetary row 5, an engaging and disengaging element 61, and a speed change mechanism 7, the engaging and disengaging element 61 being a clutch Or the gear shift sleeve, the engagement and disengagement element 61 is used to realize different driving modes of the vehicle by performing an engagement or disengagement action.

As shown in FIG. 1 , when the engaging and disengaging element 61 is a clutch, it may be a dry or wet multi-plate clutch or other types of clutches.

As shown in FIG. 2 , when the engagement and disengagement element 61 is a gear sleeve, it may be a gear sleeve with a synchronizer or without a synchronizer, which is not limited thereto.

The first planetary row 4 includes a first sun gear 41 , a first planet carrier 42 and a first ring gear 43 ;

The second planetary row 5 includes a second sun gear 51 , a second planet carrier 52 and a second ring gear 53 ;

The speed change mechanism 7 includes a first gear 72 , a second gear 73 , a third gear 75 , a first power output shaft 71 , a second power output shaft 74 and a differential 76 ;

The engine 1 is connected with the first planet carrier 42 , the first motor 2 is connected with the first sun gear 41 , the first planet carrier 42 is connected with the second sun gear 51 , and the first The ring gear 43 is connected with the second ring gear 53 , the second planet carrier 52 is connected with the engaging and disengaging element 61 , the second motor 3 is fixedly connected with the first gear 72 , the first gear 72 and the second The gear 73 performs meshing transmission, the second gear 73 is connected with the differential 76, the third gear 75 is connected with an output end of the differential 76, and the third gear 75 is connected with the first power output shaft 71 performs meshing transmission, and the second power output shaft 74 is connected to the other output end of the differential 76;

The second planet carrier 52 is engaged or disengaged from the first gear 72 by engaging the disengaging element 61;

The second planet carrier 52 is also engaged or disengaged from the first power output shaft 71 by engaging and disengaging the element 61 .

Specifically, when the engaging and disengaging element 61 disengages the first gear 72 and the first power output shaft 71 , the hybrid electric drive device realizes the driving of the vehicle through the second electric motor 3 .

Specifically, before the disengagement element 61 disengages the first gear 72 and the first power take-off shaft 71, the engine 1 of the hybrid electric drive device is turned off, the vehicle is in a pure electric driving mode, and the second motor 3 is based on the speed change The mechanism 7 drives the vehicle, and the disengagement element 61 is engaged to simultaneously disengage the first power take-off shaft 71 and the first gear 72 , and only the second motor 3 drives the vehicle to travel through the transmission mechanism 7 . Since it is no longer limited by the maximum rotational speed of the first electric motor 2 , it is used to increase the maximum vehicle speed of the vehicle in the pure electric driving mode.

Specifically, when the engagement and disengagement element 61 engages with the first gear 72 and disengages the first power output shaft 71, the power of the engine 1 performs power splitting work through the first planetary row 4 and the second planetary row 5, The hybrid electric drive device realizes the driving of the vehicle through the first power output shaft 71 and the second power output shaft 74 together, and is used in the working conditions of poor road surface, hill climbing and heavy load with low speed.

Specifically, after the power of the engine 1 is split, one of the powers of the engine 1 is used for the first motor 2 to generate electricity, and the other power of the engine 1 is used to pass the first gear 72 and the second motor. 3. Perform power confluence, so that the transmission mechanism 7 performs deceleration, torque increase, and differential distribution.

Specifically, when the speed change mechanism 7 performs deceleration, torque increase, and differential speed distribution, the speed reduction ratio of the speed change mechanism 7 needs to be determined. The method for determining the speed reduction ratio of the speed change mechanism 7 includes the following specific procedures:

S1. Based on the kinematic equations of the first planetary row 4 and the second planetary row 5, determine the formulas (1) and (2) of the kinematics and dynamic characteristics, and the formulas (1) and (2) are as follows:

T _m1 : T _out : _Te = k ₂ : k ₁ (1+k ₂ ): (k ₁ +k ₂ +k ₁ k ₂ ) (2)

Among them, n _m1 , n _out , n _e , T _m1 , T _out , T _e , k ₁ , k ₂ are respectively the rotational speed of the first motor 2 , the rotational speed of the output terminal, the rotational speed of the engine 1 , the torque of the first motor 2 , Output torque, engine 1 torque, structural characteristic parameters of the first planetary row 4 and structural characteristic parameters of the second planetary row 5;

S2. Set the structural characteristic parameters of the speed change mechanism 7 such that the speed ratio of the first gear 72 and the second gear 73 is k ₃ , the speed ratio of the third gear 75 and the fourth gear is 1, then the reduction ratio of the speed change mechanism 7 is k ₃ ;

S3. Divide the power of the engine 1 into two paths, decelerate through the speed change mechanism 7 and increase the torque k by ₃ times, and then distribute the differential speed, and then the first power output shaft 71 and the second power output shaft 74 jointly drive the vehicle.

Specifically, when the engagement and disengagement element 61 engages the first output shaft and disengages the first gear 72, the power of the engine 1 performs power splitting work through the first planetary row 4 and the second planetary row 5, and the One of the powers of the engine 1 is used for the first motor 2 to generate electricity, the other power of the engine 1 is used to output to the first power output shaft 71 to directly drive the vehicle, and the power of the second motor 3 is input to the The speed change mechanism 7 performs deceleration, torque increase, and differential distribution. The hybrid electric drive device realizes the driving of the vehicle through the first power output shaft 71 and the second power output shaft 74, and provides the power output through the engine 1 and the second motor 3. The change can also change the output power of the first power output shaft 71 and the second power output shaft 74 respectively, and the driving mode of the vehicle is divided into constant speed endurance and accelerated endurance.

Specifically, under the constant speed cruising condition of the hybrid electric drive device, the power of the second motor 3 gradually decreases to 0, and the power of the second motor 3 reaches the power of the first power output shaft 71 and the second power output shaft 74 It also decreases. At this time, the engine 1 participates in the work, and the power split by the engine 1 passes through the first PTO shaft 71 to externally output power to drive the vehicle, so as to realize the first PTO shaft 71 to drive the vehicle, and the second PTO shaft 74 to drive the vehicle. Follow-up, so as to achieve the effect of the rear-drive normal driving vehicle.

Specifically, under the acceleration cruising condition of the hybrid electric drive device, the power of the second motor 3 needs to be gradually increased through the speed change mechanism 7 for deceleration, torque increase, and differential speed distribution. The first power output shaft 71 and the second power The output of the output shaft 74, at this time, the engine 1 is involved in the work, and the split power of the engine 1 will superimpose the power to the first power output shaft 71 for external output, which is used to realize the difference between the first power output shaft 71 and the second power output shaft 74. The power distribution drives the vehicle.

Specifically, the first motor 2 , the second motor 3 , the first planetary row 4 , the second planetary row 5 , and the engaging and separating element 61 are coaxially arranged with the engine 1 , and the first planetary row 4 and The second planetary row 5 is arranged in the inner cavity of the first motor 2 .

For the convenience of processing, the structural characteristic parameters of the first planetary row 4 are equal to the structural characteristic parameters of the second planetary row 5 , that is, k ₁ =k ₂ , but this is not a limitation.

In this embodiment, k ₁ =k ₂ =1.6 can be selected, and the formula can be simplified as:

n _m1 =+2.6n _out =3.6n _e (3)

T _m1 : T _out : _Te = 1: 2.6: 3.6 (4)

That is, the kinematics equation obtained by selecting the structural characteristic parameter k ₁ =k ₂ =1.6 in the present invention can realize that the kinematic and dynamic characteristics obtained by the structural characteristic parameter k=2.6 in the prior art are the same, thereby reducing the structural characteristics The value of the parameter. Therefore, the radial dimension of the planetary row is reduced, so that the first planetary row 4 and the second planetary row 5 can be partially or completely embedded in the inner cavity of the first motor 2 , thereby obtaining a compact hybrid electric drive device 100 .

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The hybrid electric drive device realizes more kinds of vehicle driving modes by setting an engagement and separation element, which can be better applicable to vehicle driving under different working conditions, thereby improving the performance of the hybrid electric drive device.

In the description of this specification, description with reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples", etc., mean specific features described in connection with the embodiment or example , structure, material or feature is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of the different embodiments or examples, without conflicting each other.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, and substitutions can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the invention and modifications, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A hybrid electric drive device, characterized in that it comprises an engine, a first motor, a second motor, a first planetary row, a second planetary row, an engaging and disengaging element, and a speed change mechanism, wherein the engaging and disengaging element is a clutch or a shifting mechanism. a gear sleeve, the engaging and disengaging elements are used to realize different driving modes of the vehicle by performing engaging or disengaging actions; the first planetary row includes a first sun gear, a first planet carrier and a first ring gear; the second planetary row includes a second sun gear, a second planet carrier and a second ring gear; The speed change mechanism includes a first gear, a second gear, a third gear, a first power output shaft, a second power output shaft and a differential; The engine is connected with the first planet carrier, the first motor is connected with the first sun gear, the first planet carrier is connected with the second sun gear, the first ring gear is connected with the second gear Ring connection, the second planet carrier is connected with the engaging and disengaging element, the second motor is fixedly connected with the first gear, the first gear and the second gear are engaged for transmission, the second gear and the differential The third gear is connected with one output end of the differential, the third gear is meshed with the first power output shaft, and the second power output shaft is connected with the other output of the differential end connection or meshing transmission connection; The second planet carrier is engaged or disengaged from the first gear by engaging and disengaging the element; The second planet carrier is also engaged or disengaged from the first power output shaft by engaging and disengaging the element. 2 . The hybrid electric drive device according to claim 1 , wherein when the engagement and disengagement element separates the first gear and the first power output shaft, the hybrid electric drive device realizes the driving of the vehicle through the second motor. 3 . drive. 3 . The hybrid electric drive device according to claim 2 , wherein before the disengagement element separates the first gear and the first power take-off shaft, the engine of the hybrid electric drive device is turned off, and the vehicle is in 3 . In the pure electric driving mode, the second electric motor drives the vehicle based on the transmission mechanism, and is used to increase the maximum speed of the vehicle in the pure electric driving mode. 4 . The hybrid electric drive device according to claim 1 , wherein when the engaging and disengaging element engages the first gear and disengages the first power output shaft, the power of the engine passes through the first planetary gear. 5 . The platoon and the second planetary platoon perform power splitting work. The hybrid electric drive device jointly realizes the drive of the vehicle through the first power output shaft and the second power output shaft. working condition. 5 . The hybrid electric drive device according to claim 4 , wherein after the engine performs power splitting, one of the powers of the engine is used for the first motor to generate electricity, and the other power of the engine is used to generate electricity. 6 . The one-way power is used for power confluence through the first gear and the second motor, so that the speed change mechanism performs deceleration, torque increase, and differential speed distribution. 6 . The hybrid electric drive device according to claim 5 , wherein when the speed change mechanism performs deceleration, torque increase, and differential speed distribution, the speed reduction ratio of the speed change mechanism needs to be determined, and the method for determining the speed reduction ratio of the speed change mechanism comprises the following steps: 7 . The following specific process: S1. Based on the kinematic equations of the first planetary row and the second planetary row, determine the formulas (1) and (2) of the kinematics and dynamic characteristics, and the formulas (1) and (2) are as follows:

T _m1 : T _out : _Te = k ₂ : k ₁ (1+k ₂ ): (k ₁ +k ₂ +k ₁ k ₂ ) (2) Among them, n _m1 , n _out , n _e , T _m1 , T _out , T _e , k ₁ , k ₂ are the rotational speed of the first motor, the rotational speed of the output end, the rotational speed of the engine, the torque of the first motor, the rotational speed of the output end, respectively, respectively. torque, engine torque, structural characteristic parameters of the first planetary row and structural characteristic parameters of the second planetary row; S2. Set the structural characteristic parameters of the speed change mechanism that the speed ratio of the first gear and the second gear is k ₃ , the speed ratio of the third gear and the fourth gear is 1, and the speed reduction ratio of the speed change mechanism is k ₃ ; S3. Divide the power of the engine into two paths, decelerate and increase the torque k ₃ times through the speed change mechanism, and then distribute the differential speed, and then the first power output shaft and the second power output shaft jointly drive the vehicle. 7 . The hybrid electric drive device according to claim 1 , wherein when the engaging and disengaging element engages the first output shaft and disengages the first gear, the power of the engine passes through the first planetary row. 8 . Perform power split work with the second planetary row, one of the power of the engine is used for the first motor to generate electricity, the other power of the engine is used to output to the first power output shaft to directly drive the vehicle, and the first power is used to drive the vehicle. The power of the two motors is input to the speed change mechanism for deceleration, torque increase and differential speed distribution. The hybrid electric drive device realizes the driving of the vehicle through the first power output shaft and the second power output shaft. The driving mode of the vehicle is divided into constant speed cruising. and accelerated battery life. 8 . The hybrid electric drive device according to claim 7 , wherein the power of the second motor gradually decreases to 0 and the power of the second motor reaches The power of the first power output shaft and the second power output shaft is also reduced. At this time, the engine participates in the work, and the power split by the engine passes through the first power output shaft to externally output power to drive the vehicle, which is used to realize the first power output shaft. When the vehicle is driven, the second power output shaft follows, so as to achieve the effect of driving the vehicle normally with the rear drive. 9 . The hybrid electric drive device according to claim 7 , wherein the power of the second motor needs to be gradually increased through the speed change mechanism for deceleration, torque increase, Differential distribution, from the output of the first power output shaft and the second power output shaft. At this time, the engine is involved in the work, and the power of the engine will be superimposed on the first power output shaft for external output, which is used to realize the first power output. Different power distribution between the shaft and the second power take-off shaft drives the vehicle. 10 . The hybrid electric drive device according to claim 1 , wherein the first motor, the second motor, the first planetary row, the second planetary row, and the engaging and separating element are coaxial with the engine. 11 . configuration, and the first planetary row and the second planetary row are arranged in the inner cavity of the first motor.

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