Background
Lignin is one of the three major components forming the plant skeleton, which is widely present in plant tissues. The annual global lignin production is close to 5000 ten thousand tons, mainly from the traditional pulp and paper industry and biomass refining residues. This amount may continue to increase in the future as lignin biomass is a sustainable alternative to petroleum to produce renewable fuels and chemicals. However, at present, more than 95% of industrial lignin is used as fuel, and is less than 5% of industrial utilization. The lignin after combustion is directly discharged into the environment, which is not only a resource waste, but also produces a certain pollution to the environment, which is contrary to the national development concept. Therefore, development and utilization of lignin are needed to make effective and reasonable use.
Lignin is a complex organic polymer, and has functional groups such as aromatic groups, phenolic hydroxyl groups, alcoholic hydroxyl groups, carbonyl groups, methoxy groups and the like in a molecular structure, so that various chemical reactions can be carried out, and the lignin is endowed with certain ultraviolet absorption, antibacterial, antioxidant and other performances. Meanwhile, lignin has the characteristics of nature, no toxicity, reproducibility, biodegradability and the like, and has great utilization value. At present, lignin can be used for preparing fertilizers, additives, adhesives and the like after being improved, and has certain application in the fields of medicine, metallurgy, metal industry, printing and dyeing industry, building and the like, but the overall utilization rate is still low, and more lignin products with high added value need to be developed.
Today, more and more people begin to pay attention to sun protection, and it is becoming a more common practice to use sun protection products. The sun protection not only can prevent sunburn and sun black, but also can resist oxidation and aging. The sun-screening product can block ultraviolet rays and weaken the damage of the ultraviolet rays to the skin, thereby slowing down skin aging. The sun-screening products on the market are mainly divided into physical sun-screening and chemical sun-screening, wherein most of the sun-screening products are chemical sun-screening, and the sun-screening products are easy to irritate skin and can generate certain side effects on the skin. Therefore, the lignin is used as a natural ultraviolet blocking agent to prepare the sun-proof coating, and the comprehensive utilization rate of the lignin is expected to be further improved.
Lignin has the characteristics of scavenging free radicals, absorbing ultraviolet rays, resisting bacteria, resisting oxidation and the like, is regarded as a natural antioxidant, can be used as a natural ultraviolet blocking agent to prepare a sun-screening coating, can improve the additional utilization value of lignin, but has a darker color, limits the application range, has an unsatisfactory ultraviolet ray absorption effect as a plant sun-screening agent, and has good ultraviolet ray absorption, scattering and reflection capability. However, the agglomeration phenomenon of nano particles exists in the preparation process of nano TiO 2 particles, so that the physical barrier property of nano TiO 2 to ultraviolet rays is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a lignin-based natural sun-screening compound, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of composite silica/titania sol:
1.1 Adding acid into the water glass to adjust the pH of the system to 8-9 to obtain a silicon dioxide precursor solution;
1.2 Dispersing tetrabutyl titanate in absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain a dispersion liquid, dropwise adding the dispersion liquid into the silicon dioxide precursor solution in the step 1.1) for stirring reaction, dropwise adding an aminosilane coupling agent into the mixture, and stirring reaction to obtain composite silicon dioxide/titanium dioxide sol;
(2) Placing the enzymatic hydrolysis lignin in a sodium hydroxide solution, adding glyoxal, adding composite silicon dioxide/titanium dioxide sol into the solution under the stirring condition, stirring the solution at 60 ℃ for reaction for 6-8 hours, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the lignin-based natural sun-proof compound;
the water glass in the step 1.1) is silicate water solution with the modulus of 2.0, the concentration of the silicate water solution is calculated by silicon dioxide, the mass concentration of silicon dioxide in the silicate water solution is 5%, and the silicate is one or two of sodium silicate and potassium silicate;
The molar ratio of the tetrabutyl titanate to the silicon dioxide in the water glass solution to the amino in the amino silane coupling agent is 5:1:3;
The aminosilane coupling agent is aminopropyl triethoxysilane and diammine propyl triethoxysilane;
The mass ratio of the enzymolysis lignin to the silicon dioxide in the water glass solution is 0.8-1.2:1;
The mass ratio of the enzymatic hydrolysis lignin to glyoxal is 10:1;
the drying in the step (2) is spray drying;
the invention also aims to provide the lignin-based natural sun-proof compound prepared by the method;
the lignin-based natural sun-screening compound is applied to sun-screening products.
The preparation method adopts water glass as a silicon dioxide source, and enables the water glass to be subjected to preliminary hydrolysis by adjusting the pH value to obtain a silicon dioxide precursor solution, tetrabutyl titanate is added into the silicon dioxide precursor solution to be subjected to hydrolysis to form silicon dioxide/titanium dioxide precursors, the precursors are subjected to polycondensation at a certain temperature to form nano silicon dioxide/nano titanium dioxide composite nano particles, the surfaces of the composite nano particles are provided with reactive groups of amino groups, the nano titanium dioxide and the nano silicon dioxide are mutually inserted, the stability of the nano particles is improved, secondary agglomeration is avoided, the specific surface area of the nano particles is effectively improved, complex instruments or reagents are not needed, the operation is simple and convenient, and the physical barrier performance of nano TiO 2 to ultraviolet rays can be remarkably improved.
The composite nanoparticle sol reacts with lignin and glyoxal at a certain temperature, and the composite nanoparticle is subjected to bonding reaction with lignin through amino groups, hydroxyl groups and other groups on the surface, so that the bonding strength and compatibility of the nanoparticle and the lignin are improved, meanwhile, the existence of the lignin obviously reduces the secondary agglomeration of the nanoparticle in the forming process, improves the dispersibility of the nanoparticle, further avoids the agglomeration of the nanoparticle, and improves the sun-screening performance.
Advantageous effects
The invention adopts an in-situ compounding mode to prepare the nano titanium dioxide/nano silicon dioxide/lignin compound, and the three components have synergistic effect and endow stronger light stability, so that the sun-proof coating with full-band ultraviolet blocking function is prepared. In addition, the lignin-based natural sun-proof compound has more excellent ultraviolet absorption effect than a pure mixture of nano titanium dioxide, nano silicon dioxide and lignin, and can effectively reduce the transmittance of ultraviolet rays.
The lignin-based natural sun-proof compound disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the nano titanium dioxide, the nano silicon dioxide and the lignin are subjected to chemical bonding, the dispersibility and the stability of the lignin-based natural sun-proof compound in a sun-proof coating are improved, the white nano titanium dioxide and the white nano silicon dioxide also neutralize the color of the lignin, the limitation that the color is dark and difficult to blend is broken, the dressing effect is better, the application range is wider, meanwhile, the three components are compounded, the components are mutually overlapped to jointly exert the efficacy, the sun-proof range is wider, the ultraviolet rays in all wave bands are blocked more effectively, and the good sun-proof effect is achieved.
The lignin-based natural sun-screening compound disclosed by the invention is used for preparing sun-screening products, so that the additional utilization value of lignin is improved, and the lignin-based natural sun-screening compound has very important significance for improving the comprehensive utilization level of lignin.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is described in detail below with reference to specific examples, and raw materials used in the invention are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
The preparation method of the lignin-based natural sun-proof compound specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of composite silica/titania sol:
1.1 300g of sodium silicate solution (the concentration is 5% of the mass concentration of the silicon dioxide, the modulus is 2), and sulfuric acid is added into the solution to adjust the pH of the system to 8-9, so as to obtain a silicon dioxide precursor solution;
1.2 Dispersing 1.25mol of tetrabutyl titanate in absolute ethyl alcohol with equal mass to obtain a dispersion liquid, gradually adding the dispersion liquid into the silicon dioxide precursor solution in the step 1.1), stirring uniformly, then dropwise adding an ethanol solution of aminopropyl triethoxysilane into the dispersion liquid, stirring and reacting for 3 hours to obtain a composite silicon dioxide/titanium dioxide sol, wherein the ethanol solution of aminopropyl triethoxysilane is obtained by dispersing 0.75mol of aminopropyl triethoxysilane into absolute ethyl alcohol with equal weight, and stirring uniformly;
(2) Placing 18.75g of enzymolysis lignin in a sodium hydroxide solution, adding 1.875g of glyoxal, adding the composite silica/titanium dioxide sol obtained in the step (1) into the solution under stirring, reacting for 6-8h at 60 ℃, filtering, washing, and spray-drying to obtain the lignin-based natural sun-proof compound.
Example 2
(1) Preparation of composite silica/titania sol:
1.1 300g of sodium silicate solution (the concentration is 5% of the mass concentration of the silicon dioxide, the modulus is 2), and sulfuric acid is added into the solution to adjust the pH of the system to 8-9, so as to obtain a silicon dioxide precursor solution;
1.2 Dispersing 1.25mol of tetrabutyl titanate in absolute ethyl alcohol with equal mass to obtain a dispersion liquid, gradually adding the dispersion liquid into the silicon dioxide precursor solution in the step 1.1), stirring uniformly, then dropwise adding an ethanol solution of aminopropyl triethoxysilane into the dispersion liquid, stirring and reacting for 3 hours to obtain a composite silicon dioxide/titanium dioxide sol, wherein the ethanol solution of aminopropyl triethoxysilane is obtained by dispersing 0.75mol of aminopropyl triethoxysilane into absolute ethyl alcohol with equal weight, and stirring uniformly;
(2) Placing 15g of enzymolysis lignin in a sodium hydroxide solution, adding 1.5g of glyoxal into the solution, adding the composite silica/titanium dioxide sol obtained in the step (1) into the solution under stirring, reacting the solution for 6 to 8 hours at 60 ℃, filtering the solution, washing the solution, and performing spray drying to obtain the lignin-based natural sun-proof compound.
Example 3
(1) Preparation of composite silica/titania sol:
1.1 300g of sodium silicate solution (the concentration is 5% of the mass concentration of the silicon dioxide, the modulus is 2), and sulfuric acid is added into the solution to adjust the pH of the system to 8-9, so as to obtain a silicon dioxide precursor solution;
1.2 Dispersing 1.25mol of tetrabutyl titanate in absolute ethyl alcohol with equal mass to obtain a dispersion liquid, gradually adding the dispersion liquid into the silicon dioxide precursor solution in the step 1.1), stirring uniformly, then dropwise adding an ethanol solution of aminopropyl triethoxysilane into the dispersion liquid, stirring and reacting for 3 hours to obtain a composite silicon dioxide/titanium dioxide sol, wherein the ethanol solution of aminopropyl triethoxysilane is obtained by dispersing 0.75mol of aminopropyl triethoxysilane into absolute ethyl alcohol with equal weight, and stirring uniformly;
(2) Placing 12.5g of enzymolysis lignin in a sodium hydroxide solution, adding 1.25g of glyoxal, adding the composite silica/titanium dioxide sol obtained in the step (1) into the solution under stirring, reacting for 6-8h at 60 ℃, filtering, washing, and spray-drying to obtain the lignin-based natural sun-proof compound.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the lignin-based natural sun-proof compound specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of composite silica/titania nanoparticles:
1.1 300g of sodium silicate solution (the concentration is 5% of the mass concentration of the silicon dioxide, the modulus is 2), and sulfuric acid is added into the solution to adjust the pH of the system to 8-9, so as to obtain a silicon dioxide precursor solution;
1.2 Dispersing 1.25mol of tetrabutyl titanate in absolute ethyl alcohol with equal mass to obtain a dispersion liquid, gradually adding the dispersion liquid into the silicon dioxide precursor solution in the step 1.1), stirring uniformly, then dropwise adding an ethanol solution of aminopropyl triethoxysilane into the dispersion liquid, stirring at 60 ℃ for reacting for 5 hours, filtering and washing until no sulfate radical is contained in the washing liquid, and spray drying to obtain composite silicon dioxide/titanium dioxide nano particle powder, wherein the ethanol solution of aminopropyl triethoxysilane is obtained by dispersing 0.75mol of aminopropyl triethoxysilane into absolute ethyl alcohol with equal weight to uniformly stir;
(2) Placing 15g of enzymolysis lignin in a sodium hydroxide solution, adding 1.5g of glyoxal into the solution, adding the composite silica/titanium dioxide nano particles in the step (1) into the solution under stirring, reacting for 6-8h at 60 ℃, filtering, washing, and spray-drying to obtain the lignin-based natural sun-proof compound.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the lignin-based natural sun-proof compound specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of composite silica/titania sol:
1.1 300g of sodium silicate solution (the concentration is 5% of the mass concentration of the silicon dioxide, the modulus is 2), and sulfuric acid is added into the solution to adjust the pH of the system to 8-9, so as to obtain a silicon dioxide precursor solution;
1.2 Dispersing 1.25mol of tetrabutyl titanate in absolute ethyl alcohol with equal mass to obtain a dispersion liquid, gradually adding the dispersion liquid into the silicon dioxide precursor solution in the step 1.1), uniformly stirring, and continuing stirring for reacting for 3 hours to obtain the composite silicon dioxide/titanium dioxide sol;
(2) Placing 15g of enzymolysis lignin in a sodium hydroxide solution, adding 1.5g of glyoxal into the solution, adding the composite silica/titanium dioxide sol obtained in the step (1) into the solution under stirring, reacting the solution for 6 to 8 hours at 60 ℃, filtering the solution, washing the solution, and performing spray drying to obtain the lignin-based natural sun-proof compound.
Comparative example 3
The preparation method of the lignin-based natural sun-proof compound specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Dispersing 1.25mol of tetrabutyl titanate in absolute ethyl alcohol with equal mass to obtain a dispersion liquid;
(2) Placing 15g of enzymolysis lignin in a sodium hydroxide solution, adding 1.5g of glyoxal into the solution, adding tetrabutyl titanate dispersion liquid in the step (1) into the solution under stirring, reacting for 6-8h at 60 ℃, filtering, washing, and spray-drying to obtain the lignin-based natural sun-proof compound.
The lignin-based natural sun-proof composite prepared by the invention has the following characteristics:
Dispersing the lignin-based sunscreen compound prepared in the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-3 in commercially available commercial emulsion silk tower, and stirring and mixing for 15min at 30 ℃ to obtain a sunscreen coating, wherein a physical diagram of the lignin-based sunscreen compound sunscreen coating prepared in the example is shown in figure 1;
The lignin-based sunscreen composite sun-screening coatings prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 of the present invention were used as test groups, the UV transmittance was measured, commercial silk-tafu emulsion was used as reference group, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
| |
UV transmittance (%) |
| Example 1 |
16.18 |
| Example 2 |
15.66 |
| Example 3 |
16.75 |
| Comparative example 1 |
21.97 |
| Comparative example 2 |
25.59 |
| Comparative example 3 |
29.78 |
As can be seen from the data in table 1, the lignin-based sunscreen compounds prepared in examples 1-3 according to the present invention have lower transmittance to ultraviolet rays as a sunscreen coating, which indicates that the sunscreen compound coating of the present invention has excellent ultraviolet resistance.
Compared with example 2, the ultraviolet transmittance of the composite coating in comparative examples 1-3 is higher than that of the composite coating in example 2, the composite sun-proof coating in comparative example 1 is prepared by mixing composite nanoparticle powder with lignin to obtain sun-proof composite, the secondary agglomeration of nanoparticles in the preparation process of the composite nanoparticles reduces the contact probability of nano silicon dioxide and nano titanium dioxide with ultraviolet rays to reduce the absorptivity of ultraviolet rays, the aminosilane coupling agent is not added in the preparation process of the composite sol in comparative example 2, on one hand, the agglomeration of the composite nanoparticles is increased, on the other hand, the surface of the composite nanoparticles does not contain reactive groups amino, the reactivity is reduced in the process of compounding with lignin, the compatibility of the nanoparticles with lignin is poor, the stability of the sun-proof composite coating is poor, the nano titanium dioxide particles and lignin are compounded to obtain sun-proof composite, the sun-proof composite does not contain nano silicon dioxide in the preparation process of the sun-proof composite, the sun-proof coating has the increased ultraviolet transmittance, therefore, the in-proof composite method is adopted to prepare silicon dioxide/nano titanium dioxide precursor (composite silicon dioxide/titanium dioxide/lignin sol) firstly, and then the composite lignin is better in-situ dispersed to obtain the better in-situ dispersion effect of the composite lignin to obtain the composite lignin, and the better in-situ dispersion effect of the composite lignin can be better than that the lignin can be better than the natural lignin can absorb the ultraviolet particles in the composite particle.
Meanwhile, the UV transmittance of the lignin-based sunscreen composite sun-screening coating prepared in the embodiment 2 of the invention and the UV transmittance of two commercial sun-screening creams are tested in vitro, and the transmittance change curve is shown in figure 2;
As can be seen from FIG. 2, in the range of the wavelength of 400-10 nm, 98.7% of the ultraviolet rays reaching the earth surface are UVA (ultraviolet A, 400-320 nm), the ultraviolet transmittance of the commercially available dream make-up transparent and clear sun-protecting cream (curve b) and the magnolia oil multi-effect sun-protecting cream (curve c) is far higher than that of the lignin-based sun-protecting compound prepared in the embodiment 2 of the invention, and the ultraviolet transmittance of the commercially available magnolia oil multi-effect sun-protecting cream in the whole range of the wavelength fluctuates greatly and the stability is poor, so that the lignin-based sun-protecting compound prepared in the embodiment 2 of the invention has better sun-protecting effect than that of two commercial sun-protecting creams and shows good effect of blocking ultraviolet rays in the whole range.
The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any simple changes or equivalent alternatives of the technical solutions that can be obviously obtained by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention disclosed herein fall within the protection scope of the present invention.