CN115343752B - A method for detecting geological information and related equipment - Google Patents
A method for detecting geological information and related equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN115343752B CN115343752B CN202210963691.XA CN202210963691A CN115343752B CN 115343752 B CN115343752 B CN 115343752B CN 202210963691 A CN202210963691 A CN 202210963691A CN 115343752 B CN115343752 B CN 115343752B
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/02—Generating seismic energy
- G01V1/133—Generating seismic energy using fluidic driving means, e.g. highly pressurised fluids; using implosion
- G01V1/137—Generating seismic energy using fluidic driving means, e.g. highly pressurised fluids; using implosion which fluid escapes from the generator in a pulsating manner, e.g. for generating bursts, airguns
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/22—Transmitting seismic signals to recording or processing apparatus
- G01V1/223—Radioseismic systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses a geological information detection method and related equipment. The method comprises the steps of utilizing a transport unmanned aerial vehicle to put a plurality of target detectors into a target detection area, obtaining actual positions of the target detectors through a relay unmanned aerial vehicle and constructing a target detection network, using the transport unmanned aerial vehicle to put an air explosion seismic source into a target excitation point so that the target detectors can obtain seismic detection waves, wherein the seismic detection waves are excited by the air explosion seismic source in the target area, and sending the seismic detection waves to a target detection device based on the relay unmanned aerial vehicle so as to obtain geological information of the target detection area. The method can overcome the limitation of complex terrain and harsh environment, can acquire the geological information of the target detection area in a remote control mode, is simple, convenient and quick, has lower detection cost, can be applied to geological information detection work in a complex environment, and has high engineering realization value.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of geological exploration, and more particularly, to a geological information exploration method and related devices.
Background
With the economic and social development of the surrounding areas of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, the high-cold and large-burial-depth tunnel projects in the area are more and more covered by glaciers, vegetation is rare, the terrain is complex, personnel and equipment are difficult to access, the existing investigation means are difficult to realize, and particularly, the geophysical prospecting technology cannot be applied, so that the progress of the projects and the accuracy of early budget are severely restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
In the summary, a series of concepts in a simplified form are introduced, which will be further described in detail in the detailed description. The summary of the invention is not intended to define the key features and essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.
In order to provide a convenient and effective geological detection method, the invention provides a geological information detection method, which comprises the following steps:
Throwing a plurality of target detectors into a target detection area by using a transport unmanned aerial vehicle;
acquiring the actual position of the target detector through the relay unmanned aerial vehicle and constructing a target detection network;
Using the transportation unmanned plane to throw an air explosion source to a target excitation point so as to enable the target detector to acquire a seismic detection wave, wherein the seismic detection wave is excited by the air explosion source in the target area;
and transmitting the earthquake detection waves to a target detection device based on the relay unmanned aerial vehicle so as to acquire geological information of the target detection area.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
Acquiring rock and soil sample information of the target detection area;
determining a first theoretical distance of the target detector according to the rock-soil sample information;
above-mentioned utilize transportation unmanned aerial vehicle to put in a plurality of target detection appearance to target detection area, include:
And putting a plurality of target detectors into the target detection area by using the transportation unmanned aerial vehicle based on the first theoretical distance.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
obtaining the topographic information of the target detection area;
Determining a second theoretical distance of the target detector according to the topographic information;
above-mentioned utilize transportation unmanned aerial vehicle to put in a plurality of target detection appearance to target detection area, include:
and putting a plurality of target detectors into the target detection area by using the transportation unmanned aerial vehicle based on the second theoretical distance.
Optionally, the second theoretical distance is greater than or equal to 20 meters and less than or equal to 100 meters.
Optionally, the unmanned aerial vehicle acquires the actual position of the target detector and constructs a target detection network;
transmitting a detection signal to each target detector by using the relay unmanned aerial vehicle so as to enable each target detector to generate a feedback signal;
The relay unmanned aerial vehicle determines the actual position of each target detector based on the feedback signals;
And constructing a target detection network based on the actual positions of all the target detectors.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
detecting the grounding information of each target detector;
the target detector whose ground information is in an ungrounded state is determined as an invalid detector.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
the target excitation point is determined based on the target detection network.
Optionally, the sending, by the relay unmanned aerial vehicle, the seismic detection wave to a target detection device to obtain geological information of the target detection area includes:
Transmitting the seismic detection wave to a target detection device based on the relay unmanned aerial vehicle;
The object detection device inverts the earthquake detection wave by utilizing reflected wave processing software to obtain the earthquake wave section of the object detection area, and performs geological interpretation by combining the existing geological data to obtain the geological information of the object detection area.
Optionally, the method further comprises determining the target detection area based on the remote sensing image, the terrain vegetation and regional geological data and the pre-survey data.
Optionally, the target detector includes a node-type full angle single component detector.
In summary, the geological information detection method provided by the embodiment of the application comprises the steps of putting a plurality of target detectors into a target detection area by using a transport unmanned aerial vehicle, obtaining the actual positions of the target detectors through a relay unmanned aerial vehicle and constructing a target detection network, putting an air explosion source into a target excitation point by using the transport unmanned aerial vehicle to enable the target detectors to obtain earthquake detection waves, wherein the earthquake detection waves are excited by the air explosion source in the target area, and transmitting the earthquake detection waves to a target detection device to obtain geological information of the target detection area based on the relay unmanned aerial vehicle. According to the geological information measuring method, the target detector is put in a preset place through the transportation unmanned aerial vehicle, communication is established between the target detector and the target detector through the relay unmanned aerial vehicle, a target detection network is constructed, the target detector sends the collected seismic detection waves of the target detection area to the relay unmanned aerial vehicle under the action of an air explosion seismic source put in the transportation unmanned aerial vehicle, the seismic detection waves are transmitted to a target detection device on the ground through the relay unmanned aerial vehicle, and the well target detection device analyzes and acquires geological information of the target detection area. The method can overcome the limitation of complex terrain and harsh environment, can acquire the geological information of the target detection area in a remote control mode, is simple, convenient and quick, has lower detection cost, can be applied to geological information detection work in a complex environment, and has high engineering realization value.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
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Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the specification. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the figures. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a geological information detecting method according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a geological information detecting method according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another geological information detecting method according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of still another geological information detecting method according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
According to the geological information measuring method, the target detector is put in a preset place through the transportation unmanned aerial vehicle, communication is established between the target detector and the target detector through the relay unmanned aerial vehicle, a target detection network is constructed, the target detector sends the collected seismic detection waves of the target detection area to the relay unmanned aerial vehicle under the action of an air explosion seismic source put in the transportation unmanned aerial vehicle, the seismic detection waves are transmitted to a target detection device on the ground through the relay unmanned aerial vehicle, and the well target detection device analyzes and acquires geological information of the target detection area. The method can overcome the limitation of complex terrain and harsh environment, can acquire the geological information of the target detection area in a remote control mode, is simple, convenient and quick, has lower detection cost, can be applied to geological information detection work in a complex environment, and has high engineering realization value.
The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth" and the like in the description and in the claims and in the above drawings, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments described herein may be implemented in other sequences than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, a flowchart of a geological information detection method provided in an embodiment of the present application may specifically include:
S110, throwing a plurality of target detectors into a target detection area by using a transport unmanned aerial vehicle;
For example, as shown in fig. 2, in a scene of excavating a tunnel in a snowy mountain environment, measurement needs to be made on a target detection area, namely geological features in the snowy mountain, before excavation, but a traditional method of punching a measuring hole and installing a detection sensor cannot meet the work requirement in the snowy mountain annular, people can hardly reach a detection place, the detection difficulty is increased undoubtedly, and the construction progress is affected.
According to the method provided by the embodiment of the application, the plurality of target detectors are thrown into the target detection area by the transportation unmanned aerial vehicle at preset intervals, as shown in fig. 3, and the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 is the transportation unmanned aerial vehicle throwing the target detectors. The transportation unmanned aerial vehicle can carry the mechanical structure that can snatch the target detector by itself, after transportation unmanned aerial vehicle reaches appointed position, control its mechanical structure and open, the target detector relies on gravity downwardly moving, inserts in the ground of target detection region.
S120, acquiring the actual position of the target detector through the relay unmanned aerial vehicle and constructing a target detection network;
As shown in fig. 3, the relay unmanned aerial vehicle is an unmanned aerial vehicle capable of communicating with the target detector and the detection device at the ground end, and may receive the influence of the air flow during the falling process of the target detector, so that the target detector cannot accurately reach the designated place, and at this time, if the target position is still used as the actual position of the target detector, a measurement error may be caused, and the measurement result is affected. According to the method provided by the embodiment of the application, after the target detector is put in, the relay unmanned aerial vehicle communicates with the target detector to obtain the actual position of the target detector, and the target detection network is constructed according to the actual position of the target detector.
S130, using the transport unmanned aerial vehicle to throw an air explosion source to a target excitation point so as to enable the target detector to acquire a seismic detection wave, wherein the seismic detection wave is excited by the air explosion source in the target area;
as shown in fig. 3, an air explosion source is thrown to a target excitation point by the transport unmanned aerial vehicle, rock and soil in a target area can form earthquake detection waves under the excitation of the air explosion source, target detectors distributed at different positions in the target area receive the earthquake detection waves excited by different air explosion sources, and the earthquake detection waves can reflect geological information of the target detection area after special processing.
And S140, transmitting the earthquake detection waves to a target detection device based on the relay unmanned aerial vehicle so as to acquire geological information of the target detection area.
The target detector sends the obtained seismic detection wave to the relay unmanned aerial vehicle, the relay unmanned aerial vehicle transmits the received seismic detection wave to a target measuring device on the ground, and the target measuring device processes and analyzes the response of the seismic detection wave, so that the target detection can be returned to the corresponding geological information.
In summary, according to the geological information measurement method provided by the application, the target detector is put in a preset place through the transportation unmanned aerial vehicle, communication is established between the target detector and the target detector through the relay unmanned aerial vehicle, a target detection network is constructed, the target detector sends the collected seismic detection waves of the target detection area to the relay unmanned aerial vehicle under the action of the air explosion seismic source put in the transportation unmanned aerial vehicle, the collected seismic detection waves are transmitted to the target detection device on the ground through the relay unmanned aerial vehicle, and the well target detection device analyzes and acquires geological information of the target detection area. The method can overcome the limitation of complex terrain and harsh environment, can acquire the geological information of the target detection area in a remote control mode, is simple, convenient and quick, has lower detection cost, can be applied to geological information detection work in a complex environment, and has high engineering realization value.
In some examples, the above method further comprises:
Acquiring rock and soil sample information of the target detection area;
determining a first theoretical distance of the target detector according to the rock-soil sample information;
above-mentioned utilize transportation unmanned aerial vehicle to put in a plurality of target detection appearance to target detection area, include:
And putting a plurality of target detectors into the target detection area by using the transportation unmanned aerial vehicle based on the first theoretical distance.
The method comprises the steps of firstly, selecting a region which is easy to measure to obtain rock and soil sample information of a target detection region, preliminarily obtaining rock and soil characteristics of the target detection region, estimating theoretical spacing of the target detector according to the rock and soil characteristics obtained in advance to obtain a first theoretical detection spacing, and controlling the transport unmanned aerial vehicle to put the target detector into the target detection region according to the first theoretical spacing.
In summary, according to the rock and soil information measurement method provided by the embodiment of the application, before the target detector is thrown by the transport unmanned aerial vehicle, the first theoretical distance of the target detector is estimated according to the rock and soil sample information acquired in advance, so that the reduction of the precision of a measurement result caused by too sparse throwing distance and the cost waste caused by too dense throwing distance can be avoided.
In some examples, the above method further comprises:
obtaining the topographic information of the target detection area;
Determining a second theoretical distance of the target detector according to the topographic information;
above-mentioned utilize transportation unmanned aerial vehicle to put in a plurality of target detection appearance to target detection area, include:
and putting a plurality of target detectors into the target detection area by using the transportation unmanned aerial vehicle based on the second theoretical distance.
For example, the topography information of different target detection areas may also affect the detection result, and if the topography is steep, the distance between the target detectors needs to be reduced to fully characterize the features in the direction of the geological thickness. If the terrain is relatively flat, the distance between the target detectors can be properly increased, and the throwing quantity of the target detectors can be reduced.
In summary, according to the rock and soil information measurement method provided by the embodiment of the application, before the target detector is put in by the transport unmanned aerial vehicle, the first theoretical distance of the target detector is estimated according to the pre-terrain information, so that the reduction of the accuracy of a measurement result caused by too sparse putting distance can be avoided, and the cost waste caused by too dense putting distance can be avoided.
In some examples, the second theoretical spacing is greater than or equal to 20 meters and less than or equal to 100 meters.
By way of example, address disasters such as large-scale stack landslide, rock landslide, broken rock landslide, hard rock dumping collapse, slip collapse, storm-type debris flow, ice lake-breaking debris flow, collapse, chip flow, hot-melt slump and the like are likely to occur in alpine regions. It is suitable to control the distance between detectors to 20m to 100m in combination with measurement experience.
In some examples, the relay unmanned aerial vehicle acquires the actual position of the target detector and constructs a target detection network;
transmitting a detection signal to each target detector by using the relay unmanned aerial vehicle so as to enable each target detector to generate a feedback signal;
The relay unmanned aerial vehicle determines the actual position of each target detector based on the feedback signals;
And constructing a target detection network based on the actual positions of all the target detectors.
In an exemplary process of constructing the target detection network by using the relay unmanned aerial vehicle, the relay unmanned aerial vehicle sends a detection signal, the target detector generates a feedback signal after receiving the detection signal, the feedback signal comprises actual position information of the target detector, the actual position information comprises longitude and latitude information and altitude information, and the relay unmanned aerial vehicle constructs the target detection network based on the actual positions fed back by the target detectors.
In some examples, the above method further comprises:
detecting the grounding information of each target detector;
the target detector whose ground information is in an ungrounded state is determined as an invalid detector.
After the target detector is thrown in by the transportation unmanned aerial vehicle, communication connection can be established between the relay unmanned aerial vehicle and the target unmanned aerial vehicle to acquire grounding information of the target detector, the target detector is provided with a grounding detection device, the grounding information is fed back in a good contact state with the ground, and if the target detector is not grounded or the grounding property is poor, the ungrounded information is fed back. And determining the target detector corresponding to the ungrounded information as an invalid detector, and not using the measured result to determine the geological information.
In summary, the geological information measuring method provided by the embodiment detects the grounding information of the target detector, and receives the signal from the target detector which is not well grounded, so as to avoid the influence of ineffective earthquake detection waves on the geological information measuring result.
In some examples, the above method further comprises:
the target excitation point is determined based on the target detection network.
Illustratively, after the target detection network is built, a reasonable target excitation point is determined according to the actual distance between the target detectors, the number of target detectors in a unit distance, and the power of the air explosion seismic source.
In some examples, the transmitting the seismic detection wave to a target detection device to obtain geological information of the target detection area based on the relay unmanned aerial vehicle includes:
Transmitting the seismic detection wave to a target detection device based on the relay unmanned aerial vehicle;
The object detection device inverts the earthquake detection wave by utilizing reflected wave processing software to obtain the earthquake wave section of the object detection area, and performs geological interpretation by combining the existing geological data to obtain the geological information of the object detection area.
The relay unmanned aerial vehicle sends the seismic detection waves collected by the target detectors to the target detection device, the target detection device carries out calculation inversion according to the seismic detection waves collected by different target detectors, geological interpretation is carried out by combining geological data obtained by seismic exploration, so that geological information of a target detection area is obtained, and the method is used for guiding data of tunnel excavation.
In some examples, the method further comprises determining the target detection area based on the remote sensing image, the terrain vegetation and regional geological data, and the pre-survey data.
By way of example, the preliminary geological features of the current region can be well estimated according to the remote sensing image, the topographic vegetation, the regional geological data and the early geological survey data, whether geological disasters possibly occur in the region can be preliminarily judged, and the geological stability can be preliminarily judged. If the geology of this portion is more stable through the earlier analysis, it is not detected. If the risk of geological disasters is high, taking the area as a target detection area, and measuring geological information by adopting the method described in the embodiment.
The remote sensing geological information refers to various geological information related to ore formation obtained by remotely detecting the geological body from a satellite or an airplane by utilizing a remote sensing instrument under the condition of not directly contacting the geological body, and mainly comprises information reflecting the spatial morphology and distribution characteristics of the geological body, information reflecting the spectral characteristics of the geological body on different wave bands of electromagnetic waves, information reflecting the reflection or radiation capability of the geological body on the electromagnetic waves and the change of time and the like. The growth condition of vegetation can also represent geological characteristics in a side-by-side manner, and the adaptability of different vegetation to different rock and soil conditions is different.
In summary, according to the geological information detection method provided by the embodiment of the application, the target detection area is preliminarily determined through the remote sensing image, the topographic vegetation, the regional geological data and the early-stage geological survey data, so that the area of the target detection area can be reduced, and the detection cost is saved.
In some examples, the target detector includes a node-type full angle single component detector.
By way of example, each node type full-angle single-component detector is provided with a GPS, and a plurality of node type full-angle single-component detectors can continuously collect seismic data and integrate more accurate time and position information, so that later data separation is facilitated, and good connection with a relay unmanned aerial vehicle can be established by adopting a wireless communication technology.
In some examples, the object detection line of the target detection area is designed to be 2km in length, the length is a slope distance and is not a horizontal distance, the distance between the target detectors is 50m, 40 in total, the distance between the air explosion sources is 350m, and at least 6 source excitation points are arranged. The detection depth can reach 1000m, and the spatial resolution is about 50 m.
The foregoing embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, but not for limiting the same, and although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the technical solution described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalents may be substituted for parts of the technical features thereof, and that such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application in essence.
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| CN204129237U (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-01-28 | 北京捷威思特科技有限公司 | π vertical seismic profile log system |
| CN108919337A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-11-30 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Urban underground space system for acquiring seismic data |
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| US10519771B2 (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2019-12-31 | Shangdong University | Rock breaking seismic source and active source three-dimensional seismic combined advanced detection system using tunnel boring machine |
| CN112598881B (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2022-03-25 | 中煤航测遥感集团有限公司 | Geological disaster monitoring method and device and computer equipment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN204129237U (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-01-28 | 北京捷威思特科技有限公司 | π vertical seismic profile log system |
| CN108919337A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-11-30 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Urban underground space system for acquiring seismic data |
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