CN115487387A - Oscillator for high-frequency oscillation breathing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an oscillator for high frequency vibrates breathing machine relates to medical equipment breathing machine technical field, including benzvalene form shell body and fixed bolster, the fixed bolster setting is in the benzvalene form department shape of shell body and is vibrate the cavity, including magnet subassembly, voice coil loudspeaker voice coil tympanic membrane subassembly and axis subassembly, the axis subassembly is fixed to be set up in vibrating the cavity, the benzvalene form mouth and the pelvic floor of shell body are circular, and the centre of a circle is at same axis, the axial of axis subassembly with the axis coincidence of shell body, magnet subassembly with voice coil loudspeaker voice coil tympanic membrane subassembly with the axis subassembly sets up in vibrating the cavity for the axle, and the relative voice coil loudspeaker voice coil tympanic membrane subassembly of magnet subassembly is close to the pelvic floor side of shell body, the voice coil loudspeaker voice coil subassembly is relative the magnet subassembly is close to the fixed bolster, two wires are drawn forth to the lateral wall that the shell body was passed to voice coil loudspeaker voice coil tympanic membrane subassembly for external alternating voltage source, the shell body section of thick bamboo wall is close to the pelvic floor and goes out and is provided with the gas port. The vibration amplitude is large, the response is quick, and the batch production is easy to realize.

Description

An oscillator for high-frequency oscillating ventilator

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical equipment ventilators, and relates to an oscillator, in particular to an oscillator for a high-frequency oscillating ventilator.

Background technique

Respiratory failure is a common clinical critical illness for patients. Conventional mechanical ventilation technology has been widely used in clinical practice as the main treatment method, but there are certain limitations. Improper application may cause lung damage and even damage other organs, such as the brain. Injury, myocardial injury, and kidney injury, etc., have led to the development and improvement of unconventional respiratory support ventilation techniques.

The protective ventilation strategy was proposed by Hicklng et al. in 1990. Its essence refers to limiting the tidal volume and airway pressure during mechanical ventilation to reduce lung overexpansion, allowing PaCO2 to rise to a higher level, and at the same time giving a higher level The positive end-expiratory pressure PEEP improves lung compliance. Lung protective ventilation proposes strategies that are different from conventional mechanical ventilation, such as small tidal volume ventilation, permissive hypercapnia, optimal PEEP, and open lungs. The oscillators of existing high-frequency oscillating ventilators generally have high cost, weak amplitude strength, slow response, and lack of high-performance oscillators.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides an oscillator for a high-frequency oscillating ventilator, which has the characteristics of large amplitude, rapid response and easy realization of mass production.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

An oscillator for a high-frequency oscillating ventilator, comprising a basin-shaped outer shell and a fixed bracket, the fixed bracket is arranged at the basin mouth of the outer shell to form an oscillating cavity, including a magnet assembly, a voice coil tympanic membrane assembly and A central shaft assembly, the central shaft assembly is fixedly arranged in the vibration cavity, the basin mouth and the basin bottom of the outer shell are circular, and the center of the circle is on the same axis, the axial direction of the central shaft assembly is the same as that of the outer shell The central axis of the body coincides, the magnet assembly and the voice coil tympanic membrane assembly are arranged in the vibration cavity with the central axis assembly as the axis, and the magnet assembly is closer to the basin of the outer shell relative to the voice coil tympanic membrane assembly On the bottom side, the voice coil tympanic membrane assembly is close to the fixed bracket relative to the magnet assembly, and the voice coil tympanic membrane assembly leads two wires through the side wall of the outer shell for externally connecting an alternating voltage source, the An air port is provided on the wall of the outer casing near the mouth of the basin.

Working principle of the present invention and beneficial effect are:

In this application, when the wire is connected with a sinusoidal alternating current, the spiral tube of the voice coil is energized, and the uniform electric field generated by the magnet is subjected to the Lorentz force, and the bottom surface of the voice coil and the eardrum move under the push of the Lorentz force, and at the same time, under the reaction of the spring , the voice coil tympanic assembly will be in a certain equilibrium position. As the sinusoidal alternating current oscillates and changes, the balance position of the voice coil tympanic membrane assembly will also oscillate and change, the tympanic membrane of the voice coil tympanic membrane assembly forms an oscillating movement, and the tympanic membrane negatively sucks or squeezes out the gas in the air cavity. Under a certain basic airflow pressure, thus Realize the pressure oscillation waveform required by the high-frequency ventilator.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the front of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the back side of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the exploded view of the front of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the explosion diagram of the back side of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a side view of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the sectional view of A-A plane of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a fixed bracket in the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a uniform magnetic field B generated by a magnet assembly;

Fig. 9 is the waveform diagram of the sinusoidal electrical signal input by the wire as a function of time;

Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the voice coil in a uniform magnetic field B;

Fig. 11 is the schematic diagram of spring deformation;

Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the volume of the air outlet cavity;

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of pressure changes in the air outlet cavity;

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of the pressure change ΔP at the output port of the high-frequency oscillator.

In the figure: 1. Outer shell, 2. Shaft sleeve, 3. U iron, 4. Magnet, 5. Guide shaft, 6. Spring, 7. Voice coil, 7-1, wire, 8. Tympanic membrane, 9. Buffer , 10, Washer, 11, sealing ring, 12, bottom surface of voice coil, 13, locking cover, 14, fixing bracket, 14-1, mounting frame, 14-2, output port.

detailed description

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described implementation Examples are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that if there is a directional indication (such as up, down, left, right, front, back) in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indication is only used to explain the position in a certain posture (as shown in the accompanying drawing). The relative positional relationship between the various components, the movement conditions, etc., if the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

Specific embodiments, high-frequency ventilation (HFV) refers to a ventilation mode in which the ventilation frequency is more than 4 times higher than normal, and the VT is close to or lower than the anatomical dead space. As a kind of unconventional respiratory support ventilation, it can effectively play a protective role in the lungs. Compared with conventional mechanical ventilation, it can overcome the hyperinflation of alveoli at the end of inspiration and the overexpansion of alveoli at the end of expiration. The problem of atrophy, and ensuring sufficient gas diffusion and oxygen exchange in the lungs, has been widely concerned in the field of critical care medicine in recent years. It has been successfully applied to newborns and infants with respiratory failure ARDS in some hospitals abroad and in my country, and the occurrence of Severe complications (such as pneumothorax, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and ventricular hemorrhage) are less likely; HFV (high frequency ventilation) is also a better choice for surgical repair of patients with bronchopleural fistula or neonatal diaphragmatic hernia with respiratory failure, Not only the surgical field of view is larger, but also the local area is relatively quiet; some scholars have also achieved good curative effect when using HFV for OSAHS.

There are three main types of high-frequency ventilation HFV: airflow blocking type HFFIV, jet type HFJV and oscillatory type HFOV. Compared with the previous two types, high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) exhalation is an active process, with less CO2 gas retention and the largest energy generation. It is currently the most widely used type of high-frequency ventilation in the medical industry. The high-frequency oscillator is the core component of the technical requirements of HFOV ventilator, such as fast response, large amplitude, small tidal volume, low noise, long life, and high reliability.

As shown in Figures 1-4 of the description, an oscillator for a high-frequency oscillating ventilator includes a basin-shaped outer casing and a fixing bracket, and the fixing bracket is arranged at the basin mouth of the outer casing to form an oscillating cavity , characterized in that it includes a magnet assembly, a voice coil tympanic membrane assembly, and a central shaft assembly, the central shaft assembly is fixedly arranged in the vibration cavity, the basin mouth and the basin bottom of the outer shell are circular, and the center of the circle is at the same Axis, the axial direction of the central axis assembly coincides with the central axis of the outer shell, the magnet assembly and the voice coil tympanic membrane assembly are arranged in the vibration cavity with the central axis assembly as the axis, the magnet assembly The voice coil tympanic membrane assembly is close to the pelvic bottom side of the outer casing, the voice coil tympanic membrane assembly is close to the fixing bracket relative to the magnet assembly, and the voice coil tympanic membrane assembly is led out through the side wall of the outer casing Two wires are used for externally connecting an alternating voltage source, and an air port is provided on the cylinder wall of the outer shell close to the mouth of the basin. The gas port is used to support continuous airflow input and new gas exchange.

In the technical solution provided by the present invention, by applying a sinusoidal electric signal to the voice coil, the voice coil is subjected to Lorentz force in the uniform strong magnetic field of the magnet, and the Lorentz force is balanced with the spring force of the voice coil assembly to form reciprocating oscillation, the tympanic membrane above the voice coil assembly vibrates back and forth, and the original volume formed by the tympanic membrane, the fixed bracket, and the outer shell is when the tympanic membrane vibrates back and forth, the pressure in the volume will also form a pressure oscillation, Under a certain basic airflow pressure, the pressure oscillation waveform required by the high-frequency ventilator can be realized.

The U-iron and the magnet, the U-iron is a barrel structure with one end open, the mouth of the U-iron is facing the fixed bracket, the center of the barrel bottom of the U-iron has a through hole, and the magnet is Cylindrical structure, the axis of the magnet has a through hole, the magnet is arranged in the barrel cavity of the U-iron, and the two are coaxial, and the central axis assembly passes through the U-iron and the magnet The through hole of the central axis assembly is provided with a top sheet near the bottom end of the outer casing basin, and the diameter of the top sheet is larger than the hole diameter of the magnet. Among them, the U iron is used to form a magnetic field circuit; the magnet is used to generate a permanent and constant strong magnetic field.

The magnet assembly includes a washer, the washer is coaxial with the magnet, and is passed through the central axis assembly together with the U iron and the magnet. Washers are used to form a uniformly enhanced magnetic field loop.

The voice coil tympanic membrane assembly includes a spring, a voice coil, a voice coil chassis and a tympanic membrane. The voice coil is a round structure without a bottom surface. The voice coil is composed of a spirally wound wire, and the end is extended to connect to an external power supply. The voice coil chassis is arranged on a bottom surface of the voice coil to block the opening of the voice coil, the voice coil chassis is close to the fixing bracket, the spring is arranged in the cavity of the voice coil, and one end of the spring The lower bottom surface of the magnet assembly is pressed, and the other end of the spring presses the bottom surface of the voice coil. The central shaft assembly passes through the bottom surface of the voice coil and the eardrum, and a sealing ring is provided at the through hole of the voice coil chassis for passing through the central shaft assembly. The sealing ring is used for sealing and cushioning of the voice coil; the spring is used to balance with the electromagnetic force to form a reciprocating oscillation; the voice coil is used to receive a sinusoidal electrical signal to generate electromagnetic force and the spring to form a reciprocating oscillation; The back and forth oscillation forms the gas pressure oscillation.

The voice coil tympanic membrane assembly also includes a locking cover, the locking cover is arranged between the tympanic membrane and the fixing bracket, the inner side of the fixing bracket is recessed, and the locking cover locks the tympanic membrane Separated from the fixed bracket, an air outlet cavity is formed on the side of the fixed bracket, and an output port is arranged on the fixed bracket, and the output port communicates with the air outlet cavity and the outside. The locking cover plate is used for stable locking, compacting and sealing of the eardrum and the voice coil.

A buffer is also included, the buffer includes a spherical structure arranged in the air outlet cavity, and a groove for limiting the buffer is provided inside the fixing bracket. The buffer is used for the reciprocating vibration of the voice coil assembly to avoid collision with the fixed bracket and to eliminate sound.

The central shaft assembly includes a shaft sleeve and a guide shaft. The top of the shaft sleeve is provided with a top sheet for limiting the position of the magnet assembly. The bottom of the shaft sleeve is a hollow structure, and one end of the guide shaft is inserted into the The bottom of the sleeve, and the other end of the guide shaft is clamped and connected with the bottom of the voice coil tympanic membrane assembly. A mounting bracket is provided outside the fixing bracket. The mounting frame is convenient for the oscillator to be fixed in the high-frequency vibration ventilator.

High-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) has low peak inspiratory pressure and small tidal volume, while PEEP (positive end-expiratory pressure) is relatively high, and PaCO2 is well controlled. HFOV uses an electrically powered diaphragm or piston to vary the positive and negative pressure in the airway. The tidal volume of HFOV can be as small as 1ml/kg, and the frequency can reach 180-3000/min. The important difference from other ventilation modes is that both inhalation and breathing are active during HFOV, and the airway pressure is above and below the average airway pressure. Fluctuates within a small range. Modulation of ventilation during HFOV is performed by varying parameters such as bias flow (mean airway pressure), amplitude (oscillator power), inspiratory time, and ventilation frequency.

PaCO2, also known as partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood, refers to the tension generated by physically dissolved carbon dioxide. The reference value is 35-45mmHg. It measures the alveolar ventilation and reflects the important index of respiratory factors in acid-base balance.

PEEP, positive end-expiratory pressure is to maintain a certain positive pressure in the airway at the end of expiration when using a ventilator (usually only use positive pressure when inhaling, and the pressure drops to zero when exhaling), to avoid early alveolar closure, It expands some of the alveoli that have lost ventilation function due to exudation, atelectasis, etc., and increases the reduced functional residual capacity to achieve the purpose of increasing blood oxygen. PEEP is similar to intermittent positive pressure breathing, but because it takes longer to act, it has a greater impact on the respiratory and circulatory systems.

High-frequency oscillating ventilators produce square waves or sine waves or more complex harmonics, and more energy is delivered to the lungs. The ventilator that adopts electromagnetically driven tympanic membrane or diaphragm oscillation generates the most energy and has more performance advantages. It can not only actively supply air but also actively exhale, and the ventilation and oxygenation can be independently controlled. Only the ventilator with tympanic membrane oscillation can adjust the suction. Hubi I:E. Continuous airflow, small tidal volume, and low pressure in the respiratory tract have a better printing effect on circulatory function, less interference to the returning blood, and are beneficial to reducing brain pressure, and the patient's spontaneous breathing is not disturbed; The amplitude increases, thereby promoting the diffusion of gas molecules, making the gas distribution more uniform, and the alveolar gas exchange more effective. High-frequency ventilation can play a very good therapeutic role in pediatric respiratory diseases, burn patients, ARDS and acute explosive edema system diseases, and it is also more and more widely used in ventilator management and treatment of newborns and infants and anesthesia recovery.

In the technical solution provided by the present invention, the voice coil of the voice coil tympanic membrane assembly inputs a sinusoidal electrical signal I, as shown in Figure 8, the voice coil is in the uniform magnetic field of the U iron, magnet, and washer of the magnet assembly. In B, as shown in Figures 6, 8 and 10, the received Lorentz force F=BIL, and L is the thickness of the washer, as shown in Figure 10 . The Lorentz force F and the spring force of the spring are in an equilibrium position, and the relationship between the deformation S of the spring and the applied Lorentz force F is shown in FIG. 11 . The original volume composed of the tympanic membrane of the voice coil assembly and the fixed bracket will form a volume change ΔV with the reciprocating movement of the tympanic membrane when the spring of the voice coil assembly links the tympanic membrane to and fro oscillation, as shown in Figure 12 shown. From the aerodynamic theory, it can be concluded that the volume change ΔV of the original volume will form the pressure change ΔP, as shown in Figure 13. As shown in Figure 9, the voice coil of the voice coil tympanic membrane assembly inputs a sinusoidal electrical signal I, and the fixed bracket port of the high-frequency oscillator is under the action of the continuous airflow MAP, the pressure at the output port will be with The sinusoidal pressure waveform of amplitude A and time period T is shown in Figure 14.

Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and brevity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional units and modules is used for illustration. In practical applications, the above-mentioned functions can be assigned to different functional units, Completion of modules means that the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. Each functional unit and module in the embodiment may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist separately physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit,

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention within.

Claims (9)

1. An oscillator for a high-frequency oscillating ventilator, comprising a basin-shaped outer shell and a fixed support, the fixed support is arranged at the basin mouth of the outer shell to form an oscillation cavity, and it is characterized in that it includes a magnet assembly , a voice coil tympanic membrane assembly and a central shaft assembly, the central shaft assembly is fixedly arranged in the vibration cavity, the basin mouth and the basin bottom of the outer shell are circular, and the centers of the circles are on the same axis, and the central shaft assembly The axial direction coincides with the central axis of the outer casing, the magnet assembly and the voice coil tympanic membrane assembly are arranged in the vibration cavity with the central axis assembly as the axis, and the magnet assembly is close to the voice coil tympanic membrane assembly On the pelvic bottom side of the outer casing, the voice coil tympanic membrane assembly is close to the fixed bracket relative to the magnet assembly, and the voice coil tympanic membrane assembly leads two wires through the side wall of the outer casing for external connection A variable voltage source, and an air port is provided on the cylinder wall of the outer casing near the mouth of the basin. 2. A kind of oscillator for high-frequency oscillating ventilator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described U-iron and magnet, described U-iron is the bucket structure of one end opening, and described U-iron The mouth of the barrel is facing the fixed bracket, and the bottom of the U iron has a through hole at the center of the barrel, the magnet is a cylindrical structure, and the axis of the magnet has a through hole, and the magnet is arranged on the U iron and the two are coaxial, the central axis assembly passes through the through hole of the U iron and the magnet, and the bottom end of the basin near the outer shell of the central axis assembly is provided with a top plate, the top plate The diameter of the sheet is larger than the aperture of the magnet. 3. An oscillator for a high-frequency oscillating ventilator according to claim 2, wherein the magnet assembly comprises a Washer, and the Washer is coaxial with the magnet and connected to the U The iron and the magnet are jointly passed through by the central shaft assembly. 4. A kind of oscillator for high-frequency oscillating ventilator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described voice coil tympanic membrane assembly comprises spring, voice coil, voice coil chassis and tympanic membrane, and described voice coil is without The bottom surface has a round structure, the voice coil is composed of helically wound wires, and the end is extended to connect to an external power supply, the voice coil chassis is set on a bottom surface of the voice coil, and the voice coil opening is blocked. The voice coil chassis is close to the fixing bracket, the spring is arranged in the cavity of the voice coil, one end of the spring presses the lower bottom surface of the magnet assembly, and the other end of the spring presses the bottom surface of the voice coil. 5. The oscillator for a high-frequency oscillating ventilator according to claim 4, wherein the central shaft assembly passes through the bottom surface of the voice coil and the tympanic membrane, and the voice coil chassis is used for A sealing ring is arranged at the through hole passing through the center shaft assembly. 6. An oscillator for a high-frequency oscillating ventilator according to claim 5, wherein the voice coil tympanic membrane assembly further includes a locking cover, and the locking cover is arranged on the tympanic membrane Between the fixed bracket and the fixed bracket, the inner side of the fixed bracket is recessed, the locking cover separates the tympanic membrane from the fixed bracket, and an air outlet cavity is formed on the side of the fixed bracket. There is an output port, and the output port communicates with the air outlet chamber and the outside. 7. An oscillator for a high-frequency oscillating ventilator according to claim 5, further comprising a buffer, the buffer comprising a spherical structure arranged in the air outlet cavity, the fixed bracket The inner side is provided with a groove for limiting the buffer. 8. An oscillator for a high-frequency oscillating ventilator according to claim 1, wherein the central shaft assembly includes a shaft sleeve and a guide shaft, and a top plate is provided on the top of the shaft sleeve for limiting Position the magnet assembly, the bottom of the sleeve is hollow, one end of the guide shaft is inserted into the bottom of the sleeve, and the other end of the guide shaft is clamped and connected to the bottom of the voice coil tympanic membrane assembly. 9 . The oscillator for a high frequency oscillating ventilator according to claim 1 , wherein a mounting bracket is provided outside the fixing bracket. 10 .

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